Application CA3020 CA3020A Multipurpose Wide-band Power Amplifiers

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Application CA3020 CA3020A Multipurpose Wide-band Power Amplifiers

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Application CA3020 CA3020A Multipurpose Wide-band Power Amplifiers
November 2000 AN5766.2
/Title (AN57 /Subject (Application Ca302 Ca302 Multipurpose Wideband Power Amplifiers) /Autho /Keywords (Intersil Corporation, Semiconductor, wideband power amplifier, wide band power
discussions this Note applicable both integrated circuit types. CA3020A operate circuits shown CA3020. CA3020, other hand, lower voltage rating must used applications which require voltages output transistors greater than 18V. integrated circuit protects output transistor limiting drive output stages. drive limited current capability CA3020 less than that CA3020A, peak currents excess 150mA assured characteristic CA3020. CA3020 CA3020A integrated circuits multipurpose, multifunction power amplifiers designed power output amplifiers driver stages portable fixed communications equipment servo control systems. flexibility these circuits high frequency capabilities circuit components make these types suitable wide variety applications such broadband amplifiers, video amplifiers, video line drivers. Voltage gains 60dB more available with bandwidth 8MHz. discussions this Note applicable both integrated circuit types. CA3020A operate circuits shown CA3020. CA3020, other hand, more limited voltage current handling capability must used applications which require voltage swings output transistors greater than peak currents excess 150mA. CA3020 CA3020A designed operate from single supply voltage which +3V. maxiVOLTAGE REGULATOR DIFFERENTIAL AMPLIFIER DRIVER OUTPUT STAGE RESISTOR VALUES
supply voltage dictated type circuit operation. transformer loaded class amplifier service, maximum supply voltages +12V CA3020 CA3020A, respectively. When operated class amplifier, either circuit deliver typical output 150mW from supply 400mW from supply. +9V, idling dissipation 190mW, either circuit deliver output 550mW. output slightly more than available from CA3020A when +12V supply used.
Circuit Description Operation
Figure shows schematic diagram CA3020 CA3020A, indicates five functional block into which circuit divided understanding operation. Figure shows relationship these blocks block diagram form. operation circuit voltage regulator consisting diodes resistors R11. three diodes designed provide accurately controlled voltages differential amplifier that proper idling current class operation established output stage. characteristics these monolithic diodes closely match those driver output stages that proper bias voltages applied over entire military temperature range -55oC +125oC. close thermal coupling circuit assures against thermal runaway within prescribed temperature dissipation ratings devices.
BUFFER
INPUT TERMINAL BUFFER ALTERNATE INPUT TERMINAL DIFF DRIVER POWER OUTPUT
PUSHPULL OUTPUT LOAD
0.47
FIGURE SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM CA3020 CA3020A INTEGRATED CIRCUIT AMPLIFIERS
FIGURE FUNCTIONAL BLOCK DIAGRAM CA3020 CA3020A
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Copyright Intersil Corporation 2000
Application Note 5766
differential amplifier operates class mode supply power gain phase inversion required push-pull class driver output stages. normal operation, signal capacitively coupled terminal terminal grounded through suitable capacitor. When signal becomes positive, transistor turned collector voltage changes negative direction. same current flows emitter tends flow ground through resistor However, impedance high compared input impedance emitter alternate path available ground through emitter-to-base junction transistor then through bypass capacitor from terminal ground. Because this path much lower impedance than most current takes this alternate route. signal current flowing into emitter reduces magnitude that current and, because collector current nearly equal emitter current, collector current drops collector voltage rises. Thus, positive signal terminal causes negative voltage collector transistor positive voltage transistor provides out-ofphase signals required drive succeeding stages. should noted that differential amplifier balanced; resistor percent greater than This unbalance deliberately introduced compensate fact that current emitter does flow into larger load resistor transistor compensates lower current that voltage swings collectors have nearly same magnitude. driver stages (transistors emitter follower amplifiers which shift voltage level between collectors differential-amplifier transistors bases output transistors provide drive current required output transistors. power transistors large, high current devices capable delivering peak currents greater than 0.25A. emitters made available facilitate various modes operation permit inclusion emitter resistors more complete stabilization idling current amplifier. Inclusion such resistors also reduces distortion introducing negative feedback, reduces power-output capability limiting available drive. Inclusion emitter resistors between terminals ground also enhances effectiveness internal feedback supplied bases transistors through resistors increase idling current either output transistor reflected increased voltage base. This change coupled input through appropriate resistor correct increased current. later section this Note describes stable class operation output stages obtained.
Operating Characteristics
Supply Voltages Derating CA3020 operates with supply voltage between +9V. CA3020A also operated with supply voltages +12V with inductive loads +25V with resistive loads. Figure shows permissible dissipation rating CA3020 CA3020A function case ambient temperatures. supply voltages from +12V, heat sink required maximum power output capability. worst case dissipation function power output calculated follows: (VCC1 ICC1 VCC2 ICC2) (VCC22/RCC) where VCC1 VCC2 supply voltages differential amplifier output amplifier stages, respectively; ICC1 ICC2 corresponding idling currents; collector-to-collector load resistance output transformer. This equation preferred conventional formula dissipation class output transistor (i.e., 0.84 times maximum power output) because equation accounts device standby power device variability.
PERMISSIBLE DISSIPATION RATING
CASE TEMPERATURE AMBIENT TEMPERATURE
TEMPERATURE (oC)
FIGURE DISSIPATION RATING CA3020 CA3020A FUNCTION CASE AMBIENT TEMPERATURES
Basic Class Amplifier Figure shows typical audio amplifier circuit which CA3020 CA3020A provide power output 0.5W respectively. Table shows performance data both types this amplifier. circuit used voltage power output levels applicable CA3020 CA3020A.
Application Note 5766
(NOTE 510K CA3020 CA3020A 5.1K 0.01 VCC1 VCC2 (NOTE OUTPUT LOAD
emitter-follower stage input amplifier Figure used buffer amplifier provide high input impedance. Although many variations biasing applied this stage, method shown efficient economical. output buffer stage applied terminal differential amplifier proper balance pushpull drive output stages. Terminals must bypassed approximately 1000 desired low-frequency roll-off point. power levels, crossover distortion class amplifier high idling current low. crossover distortion, idling current should approximately 12mA 24mA, depending efficiency, idling dissipation, distortion requirements particular application. idling current increased connection jumper between terminals higher levels operating idling current desired, resistor (R11) used increase regulated voltage terminal slight amount with additional current injection from power supply VCC1. some applications, desirable input transistor CA3020 CA3020A other purposes than basic buffer amplifier shown Figure such cases, input signal applied directly terminal extended frequency range CA3020 CA3020A requires that high-frequency bypass capacitor used input terminal Otherwise, oscillation could occur stray resonant frequencies external components, particularly those transformers. Lead inductance sufficient cause oscillation long power-supply leads properly bypassed CA3020 CA3020A common ground point. Even bypassing shown insufficient unless good high-frequency construction practices followed. Figure shows typical power output CA3020A supply voltages +3V, +6V, +9V, +12V, CA3020 +9V, measured basic class amplifier circuit Figure CA3020A higher power output voltage supply conditions because higher peak output current capability.
+25oC
NOTES: Better coil transformer DF108A, Thordarson TR-192, equivalent. text tables. FIGURE BASIC CLASS AUDIO AMPLIFIER CIRCUIT USING CA3020 CA3020A. TABLE TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CA3020 CA3020A CIRCUIT FIGURE (NOTE) CHARACTERISTIC Power Supply VCC1 VCC2 Zero-Signal Idling Current ICC1 ICC2 Maximum Signal Current ICC1 ICC2 Maximum Power Output Sensitivity Power Gain Input Resistance Efficiency Signal-to-Noise Ratio Total Harmonic Distortion 150mW Test Signal Equivalent Collector-to-Collector Load Idling Current Adjust Resistor (R11) 16.6 1000 CA3020 CA3020A UNITS
1200 POWER OUTPUT (mW) 1000
1000Hz/600 Generator 1000 1000
COLLECTOR-TO-COLLECTOR LOAD RESISTANCE
NOTE: Integrated circuit mounted beat sink, Wakefield Alum. equivalent.
FIGURE POWER OUTPUT CA3020 CA3020A FUNCTION COLLECTOR-TO-COLLECTOR LOAD RESISTANCE
Application Note 5766
TABLE FIGURE CURVES IDLING CURRENT (mA) ICC1 ICC2 POWER SUPPLY VOLTAGE VCC1 VCC2
small improvement total harmonic distortion large increase idling current current level exceeds 15mA.
VCC1 VCC2 TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION 100mW LEVEL VARIABLE, +25oC
CURVE CA3020 CA3020A
Figure shows total harmonic distortion (THD) function power output each voltage conditions shown Figure values collector-to-collector load resistance (RCC) idling-current adjust resistor (R11) shown figure given merely fixed reference; they necessarily optimum values. Higher idling-current drain desired crossover distortion, higher value used better sensitivity with less power-output capability. Because maximum power output occurs same conditions peak-current limitations, sensitivities maximum power output curves Figures approximately same. Increasing idling current drain reducing value resistor also improves sensitivity.
+25oC
IDLING CURRENT (mA)
FIGURE TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION FUNCTION ICC2 IDLING CURRENT SUPPLY VOLTAGE OUTPUT 100mW
Applications
Audio Amplifiers circuit shown Figure used highly efficient class audio power output circuit such applications communications systems, radios, tape recorders, intercoms, linear mixers. Figure shows modification this circuit which used transformerless audio amplifier these applications other portable instruments. features this circuit power output capability 310mW input 45mV, high input impedance 50,000. idling-current drain circuit 24mA. curves Figure used determine value center-tapped resistive load required specified power output level (the indicated load resistance divided two).
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION
1000 510K INPUT CA3020 CA3020A 0.01 SPEAKER EQUIVALENT
POWER OUTPUT (mW)
FIGURE TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION CA3020 CA3020A FUNCTION POWER OUTPUT TABLE FIGURE CURVES CURVE CA3020 CA3020A IDLING CURRENT (mA) POWER SUPPLY VOLTAGE 1000 1000 1000
500K 5.1K
Figure illustrates improvement crossover distortion power levels. Distortion 100mW shown function idling current ICC2 (output stages only). There
FIGURE 310mW AUDIO AMPLIFIER WITHOUT TRANSFORMERS
Application Note 5766
CA3020 CA3020A provides several advantages when used sound output stage preamplifier driver communications equipment because each type compact power drain circuit. squelching requirement such applications simple economical. Figure shows practical method providing squelch CA3020 CA3020A. When squelch switching transistor "on" state, CA3020 CA3020A "off" draws only fractional idling dissipation. only current that flows that buffer-amplifier transistor integrated circuit saturating current drain circuit similar that Figure squelched condition requires idling current approximately 7mA, compared normal idling-current drain 24mA.
"ON" CA3020 CA3020A "OFF" 500K 0.01µF 5.1K LISTEN "ON" COLLECTOR LOAD LINE CA3020 "OFF" DIFF TERMINAL OPERATING VOLTAGE TALK REMOTE CA3020 CA3020A 510K 0.01
Figure illustrates audio amplifier shown Figure intercom which listen/talk position switch controls more remote positions. Only speakers, switch, input transformer added basic audio amplifier circuit. suitable power supply intercom could battery used intermittently rather than continuously.
Primary Secondary 25,000; Stancor A4744 equivalent. Better coil transformer DF1084, Thordarson TR-192, equivalent Speakers:
FIGURE
FIGURE FIGURE METHOD APPLYING SQUELCH CA3020 CA3020A SAVE IDLING DISSIPATION
FIGURE INTERCOM USING CA3020 CA3020A
Wide-Band Amplifiers major general-purpose application CA3020 CA3020A provide high gain wide-band amplification. CA3020 CA3020A have typically flat gainbandwidth response 8MHz. Although circuits normally biased class operation, only output stages operate this mode. proper bias conditions applied, output stages operated linear class amplifiers. Figure shows recommended method achieving economical stable class bias. differential amplifier portion CA3020A placed potential above ground equal base-emitter voltage integrated circuit transistors (0.5V 0.7V). this condition, output stages have emitter-current bias approximately equal base-to-emitter voltage divided emitterto-ground resistance. circuit Figure wide-band video amplifier that provides gain 38dB each push-pull outputs, 44dB balanced output connection.
applications requiring high gain impedance matching, CA3020 CA3020A adapted without complex circuit modifications. Detectors having signal outputs high impedances easily matched input CA3020 CA3020A buffer amplifier. typical integrated circuit input impedance crystal output devices, sensitivity sacrificed impedance match input while still providing adequate drive CA3020 CA3020A. Both types used tape recorders high-gain amplifiers, bias oscillators, record playback amplifiers. availability input terminals permits CA3020 CA3020A linear mixer, thus adds flexibility systems that require adaptation multiple functions, such communications equipment tape recorders.
Application Note 5766
bandwidth circuit 30Hz 8MHz. Higher gain-bandwidth performance achieved diode-toground voltage drop terminal reduced. lower voltage drop permits higher ratio output-stage collector-to-emitter resistors without departure from desired portion class load line. important note that temperature coefficient terminal 12-to-ground reference element should sufficiently prevent large change current output stages.
+12V 77mA 4.7K IN3754 CA3020 INPUT INVERTED OUTPUT 38dB GAIN SIDE 8MHz NON-INVERTED
Either CA3020 CA3020A used this circuit with power supplies below +18V; CA3020A also used with voltages with non-inductive loads. circuit Figure provides gain 60dB bandwidth 3.2MHz output transistor bypassed emitter resistor. With unbypassed output emitter resistor, gain 40dB bandwidth 8MHz. output stage deliver 5VRMS signal when supply +18V used. better performance this type circuit, input signal coupled from buffer amplifier input terminal differential amplifier. This arrangement provides higher gain because collector resistor differential-amplifier transistor larger than that (This difference results from requirement differential drive balance that used this circuit.) addition, terminals unused output transistor help form isolating shield between input terminal output terminal This cascade amplifiers single phase inversion output much better stability than could achieved terminal were used output terminal input. Figure illustrates CA3020 CA3020A class linear amplifier. This circuit features very output impedance used line driver amplifier wideband applications 8MHz. circuit requires 0.12V peak-to-peak input single ended output balanced peak-to-peak output from output impedance each emitter. input impedance specified 7800, primarily function external 10,000 resistor that provides bias from regulating terminal
50mA
FIGURE WIDE-BAND VIDEO AMPLIFIER ILLUSTRATING ECONOMICAL STABLE CLASS BIAS CA3020A
same method achieving class bias used large signal swing output amplifier shown Figure
IN706 5.8V +18V 30mA 2.6V INPUT CA3020 CA3020A 0.54V 250µF 5µF, 4.7K 1.95V 9.2V INPUT CA3020 CA3020A OUTPUT 1.3V 0.µF
3.7V
NON-INVERTED OUTPUT 1.3V INVERTED 2.5V IN3754
4.7K
1.6V IN3754
FIGURE CLASS LINEAR AMPLIFIER USING CA3020 CA3020A
FIGURE LARGE SIGNAL SWING OUTPUT AMPLIFIER USING CA3020 CA3020A
Figure illustrates practical CA3020 CA3020A tuned amplifier. This circuit uses biasing similar that shown previously, gain 70dB frequency 160kHz. CA3020 CA3020A used tuned amplifier oscillator frequencies well beyond 8MHz bandwidth basic circuit.
Application Note 5766
CA3020A drive transformer coupled load within their respective ratings. Several examples typical applications given below. Figure illustrates CA3020 CA3020A drive germanium power output transistor 2.5W level. Because integrated circuit required deliver maximum power output less than 50mW, unbypassed emitter resistor used output stage reduce distortion. Sensitivity output 2.5W 3mV; this figure improved slight increase distortion reduction resistors between terminals ground. Because little power output capability CA3020 CA3020A used, higher power class stages easily accommodated selection suitable output transistors appropriate transformers. Figure shows medium power class audio amplifier which CA3020 CA3020A used driver. output stage uses pair TO-3-type germanium output transistors which must mounted heat sink reliable operation. Idling current entire system 70mA from supply. Sensitivity 10mV output 10W. Motor Controller Servo Amplifier CA3020 CA3020A used 40Hz 400Hz motor controller servo amplifier, shown Figure
+12V 600mA 470K 0.01 1.5K CA3020 CA3020A SPEAKER 2N2869/2N301
25mA INPUT 0.01µF 0.05µF 4.7K IN3754 0.05µF CA3020 CA3020A 0.001µF OUTPUT 70dB GAIN 160kHz
FIGURE 160KHz TUNED AMPLIFIER USING CA3020 CA3020A
Driver Amplifiers high power-pin power-output capabilities CA3020 CA3020A make these integrated circuits highly suitable drivers higher power stages. most applications, full power output capability circuit required, large emitter resistors used output stage reduce distortion. CA3020
470K INPUT
50µF
4.7K
primary impedance, 10,000; center-tapped 160; primary direct current, 2mA; Thordarson TR-207 (entire secondary), equivalent. primary impedance, 20;primary direct current, 0.6A; secondary, Thordarson TR-304, Stancor TP62, equivalent. FIGURE 2.5W CLASS AUDIO AMPLIFIER USING CA3020 CA3020A DRIVER AMPLIFIER
Application Note 5766
+35V 50µF 3.3K
470K 0.01
CA3020 CA3020A 2N2869/2N301 2N2869/2N301 500µF SPEAKER 17mA IDLING 52mA FULL SIGNAL 100µF +18V +4.7V 15VP-P 100µF +0.3V +1.7V +1.1V 40VP-P IN1763A +0.5V 2N3053 +1.7V 6VP-P +0.5V
4.7K
primary impedance, 4,000; center-tapped; secondary impedance, 600; center-tapped, split; Thordarson TR-454 equivalent. FIGURE SINGLE-ENDED CLASS AUDIO AMPLIFIER USING CA3020 CA3020A DRIVER AMPLIFIER
+10VDC
+18VDC
20mA IDLING 5.7A FULL SIGNAL
100µF
470K +5.6V 100µF +1.2 +1.2V
+4.7V
+18V 2N3772 +1.1V 120VRMS 0.245A, 40Hz-400Hz LOAD STANCOR P-8358
CA3020 CA3020A
0.18VP-P 40Hz 400Hz 4.7K
FIGURE MOTOR CONTROLLER SERVO AMPLIFIERR USING CA3020 CA3020A
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+0.4V 100µF
2N3772 2N3053

Application CA3020 CA3020A Multipurpose Wide-band Power Amplifiers

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