David Wilner Wind River Systems Chief Technical Officer IxWorks:

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David Wilner Wind River Systems Chief Technical Officer IxWorks:

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IRTOS
David Wilner Wind River Systems Chief Technical Officer
IxWorks: Delivering Promise
wise economist once observed that human wants insatiable. Nowhere this phenomenon more visible than computer market. Users clamor for-and get-ever-faster more powerful central processors their systems. With these faster CPUs-and subsequent push into world graphics, multimedia Internet that they have engendered-it hasn't taken long another bottleneck become apparent. longer does user lament: doesn't calculate spreadsheets fast enough." complaint doesn't load pages fast enough."
Evidence this exploding demand bandwidth everywhere. years, megabits second Ethernet transmission entirely acceptable; megabits uncommon, users look FDDI provide several hundred megabits gigabits second. long ago, megabyte disk drive impressive; gigabytes virtually prerequisite serious developer. adds tremendous-and growing-I/O requirements. right tool task Faster CPUs cannot solve this problem unaided, because what makes good central processor necessarily what makes good processor. fact, CPUs faster through sophisticated techniques like pipelining parallel processing, they actually worse coping with constant interrupts generated processing. answer: highly flexible, powerful processing system offload these functions allow proceed efficiently possible. applications such advanced processing system include, outset, primarily servers-Internet servers, video servers, network servers-centralized systems managing data, often symmetric multiprocessing configurations. same performance improvements could also apply workstations, such those used CASE applications. This next-generation system requires software framework into which many drivers from multiple vendors fit, some arbiter among them they share processing resources. addition, must able manage increasing complexity rapid evolution software going into subsystems, including such things network protocols RAID software. (The processing system even bypass altogether peripheral-toperipheral communications: example, loading multimedia files disk directly network, without causing interruption main processor.) address these requirements, this ideal system must incorporate powerful, generalpurpose real-time operating system. This operating system would have clearly defined, published application program interfaces (APIs), network operating system (NOS) vendors like Microsoft Novell could simply create generic drivers each type peripheral device that user might attach system. From perspective peripherals vendors, these APIs would also greatly reduce burden writing device drivers; rather than having create separate versions each NOS, they need only write their drivers API-compliant. model partnership
When Intel turn this ideal into reality known I2O, they started strategic relationship with Wind River Systems. David Wilner, Wind River's co-founder chief technical officer, involved working committee from inception, wrote software specification (IRTOS) core API. Wilner also served head engineering team that created IxWorks(tm). IxWorks customized version Wind River's VxWorks®, most popular operating system i960* processor family. fully compliant with IRTOS specification. facilitate adoption I2O, license IxWorks comes with-and included price of-each i960RP processor sold. peripherals developer, this eliminate timeconsuming evaluation negotiation process involved purchase real-time operating systems development tools. addition, since IxWorks only used i960RP, i960RP users automatically have IxWorks license, Wind River make useful information such IxWorks updates freely available developers World Wide Web. complete design, developers then need only acquire Wind River's powerful Tornado(tm) integrated development environment complete their projects. Intel including 30-day evaluation copy Tornado with each i960RP evaluation board, with additional support available from Wind River's field application engineers customer support staff. Developers thus become familiar with Wind River tools immediately, which will shorten learning curve greatly accelerate product development. This single standards-compliant turnkey package-complete with API, operating system, guaranteed hardware integration, compilers, debuggers, shell, incremental loader iterative testing, access state-of-the-art development tools-should help bring first -compatible peripherals market record time. IxWorks IxWorks provides elements standard: event-driven driver framework, host message protocols, executive modules configuration control. greatly simplifies writing basic device drivers, provides NOS-to-driver independence, provides prioritized multi-threaded framework that allows software from multiple vendors coexist safely. fully scalable across configurations, from dedicated on-card i960RP processors open "on-motherboard" implementations complex distributed systems servicing multiple CPUs. addition, IxWorks contains number features that make advanced subsystems possible. supports peer-to-peer communications, enabling IxWorks-based systems talk another without intervention, greater offloading CPU. also manages hierarchical driver modules intermediate service routines (ISMs)-those software tasks like network management RAID control algorithms that increasingly becoming responsibility processing system, despite being step removed from actual hardware functions. with VxWorks, core IxWorks wind(tm) kernel. This microkernel design allows real-time operating system minimize system overhead respond quickly external events. wind kernel supports full range real-time features including fast multitasking with priority levels, microsecond interrupt handling, both preemptive round-robin scheduling. also provides efficient intertask communication mechanisms three types semaphores controlling critical system resources binary, counting, mutual exclusion with priority inheritance. creating IxWorks, Wind River engineers made number enhancements customizations demanding processor (IOP) environment. event queues implemented inside
wind kernel better performance. taking advantage i960RP hardware's message passing capabilities, IxWorks both eliminates inefficiencies spin-locking provides high performance symmetric multiprocessing (SMP) configurations that characterize many servers. High-utilization "fast-paths" optimized ensure that critical operations executed rapidly possible, elements written assembly language fastest possible processing speed. addition, IxWorks utilizes robust object-oriented structure which objects owned other objects. object destroyed, related objects-a technique that enables drivers loaded unloaded fly" without leaving vestiges themselves behind. Because critical efficient I/O, developers IxWorks came with highly sophisticated model. Typically, complexity potential coordination problems have given rise inefficient implementations, whereby single driver will "attach itself" single unit keep even though unit sits idle most time. Worse, other drivers prevented from carrying operations because they attached particular unit. Responding this problem, Wind River developed elegant queued structure. this scheme, driver request operation, requests queued, each processed turn soon appropriate unit becomes available. Notification completion sent back asynchronously through event queue mechanism. addition being more efficient, this model also makes easier use. IxWorks also shields driver writer from detailed configuration issues, such number interrupts hooked particular peripheral number available channels. designed hide such specifics; effect, IxWorks acts BIOS i960RP. Wind River plans offer additional modules base IxWorks, leveraging company's years experience embedded development offer variety components developers. works Rather than building custom drivers each network operating system (NOS) they support, developers using need only write their hardware drivers comply with API. Wind River's design goal create powerful driver framework that would make writing basic drivers simple possible-essentially "fill blanks" approach. driver writer merely supplies group functions that correspond possible events that could occur that driver. example, developer want write disk driver, specifies handful routines have supply: respond "read" messages, "write" messages, events that come into system-the interrupts, timers, requests from host, replies from other drivers-are placed into event queue driver. system then sets priorities automatically dispatches calls appropriate driver function response. Tornado Users IxWorks will benefit greatly from their access Tornado I2O, industry's richest most advanced environment driver development. name suggests, Tornado version Wind River's market-leading Tornado development environment customized specifically peripheral development. Tornado provides complete, visual intuitive environment that easily extended customized. rich collection integrated host-resident tools allows developers intelligent peripherals
Build drivers Test debug drivers Package deliver drivers products Monitor optimize system performance Tornado tools focus developer's need interactive response, interpretive interfaces incremental development. Because they fully integrated with aware IxWorks, they give developer feeling being close target system-thereby reducing driver development time resource consumption. Build tools. Tornado includes i960RP compiler, well collection supporting tools that provide complete development tool chain: compiler, assembler, linker binary utilities. Tornado also provides module builder, which creates -loadable modules. Test debug tools. Tornado test debug tools include dynamic loader, CrossWind(tm) debugger, WindSh(tm) interactive shell, powerful system browser. dynamic loader allows driver writer perform interactive loading, testing, replacement individual object modules that comprise driver. offers high-speed download over host-target connection (PCI bus, serial line, interface). remote source-level debugger, CrossWind, extended version popular Source-Level Debugger (GDB) with powerful native Windows GUI. Using developer debug drivers setting breakpoints desired components-for example, particular lines code, when event occurs device, when specific events occur device. CrossWind also lets developer view data structures such formatted messages, IxWorks object descriptors, driver-private data structures. variety windows display source code, registers, locals, stack frame, memory Application code viewed high-level source, assembly-level code, mixed mode that shows both highlevel source code corresponding assembly code. CrossWind's comprehensive scripting interface allows developer create sophisticated debugger macros extensions specific requirements. WindSh command shell that provides interactive access IxWorks facilities. interpret execute almost C-language expressions. shell used control monitor drivers; format, send receive driver messages; examine hardware registers; automated test suites. shell also provides essential debugging capabilities, including breakpoints, single stepping, stack checking, disassembly. This interactive environment with incremental linking allows highly productive "fix development cycle, where driver built tested piece piece. system browser graphical companion WindSh. browser provides visibility into memory allocation objects including drivers, devices, timers, interrupts, queues, events, event queues, semaphores, message queues, threads. information these objects updated either automatically demand. browser makes simple monitor state IxWorks system, including memory pools, system buses configuration tables. Objects displayed intuitive manner, often with collapsible "treeviews" hide show information. Much browser written Tcl, allowing considerable customization.
Packaging delivery tools. Tornado provides variety tools packaging delivering drivers products. These include configuration tools tuning memory usage, utilities create -compatible driver distribution disks, tools create ROM-based drivers dedicated IOPs adapter cards. Monitoring optimizing tools. optional WindView system visualizer powerful tool tuning driver system performance. With one-microsecond time-stamped resolution, enables developer measure exact sequences events messages, driver execution communication times durations, interrupts, timers, activity. WindView monitors these functions i960RP target without stopping activity. Service support Although IxWorks license will sold through Intel, developers worldwide contact Wind River directly Tornado wealth related Wind River services, ranging from telephone support training classes consulting driver development. Trademark Intel Corporation

David Wilner Wind River Systems Chief Technical Officer IxWorks:

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