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74HCT9046A
with band controlled
Rev. September 2009 Product data sheet
74HCT9046A high-speed Si-gate CMOS device. specified compliance with JEDEC standard
Features
Operation power supply voltage range from power consumption Inhibit control ON/OFF keying standby power consumption center frequency (typical) Choice phase comparators: PC1: EXCLUSIVE-OR PC2: Edge-triggered flip-flop dead zone Charge pump output PC2, whose current external resistor Rbias center frequency tolerance Excellent Voltage Controlled Oscillator (VCO) linearity frequency drift with supply voltage temperature variations On-chip band reference Glitch free operation VCO, even very frequencies Zero voltage offset operational amplifier buffering protection: JESD22-A114F exceeds 2000 JESD22-A115-A exceeds
Semiconductors
74HCT9046A
with band controlled
Applications
modulation demodulation where small center frequency tolerance essential Frequency synthesis multiplication where jitter required (e.g. video picture-in-picture) Frequency discrimination Tone decoding Data synchronization conditioning Voltage-to-frequency conversion Motor-speed control
Ordering information
Table Ordering information Package Temperature range Name 74HCT9046AN 74HCT9046AD 74HCT9046APW +125 +125 +125 DIP16 SO16 TSSOP16 Description plastic dual in-line package; leads (300 mil) plastic small outline package; leads; body width plastic thin shrink small outline package; leads; body width Version SOT38-4 SOT109-1 SOT403-1 Type number
74HCT9046A_6
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Product data sheet
Rev. September 2009
Semiconductors
74HCT9046A
with band controlled
Block diagram
fout
VCO_OUT COMP_IN SIG_IN
9046A
PHASE COMPARATOR PC1_OUT/ PCP_OUT
PHASE COMPARATOR
PC2_OUT
Rbias
mbd040
DEM_OUT VCO_IN
Block diagram
Functional diagram
COMP_IN SIG_IN
PC1_OUT/ PCP_OUT
PC2_OUT
9046A
COMP_IN SIG_IN VCO_IN
mbd039
PC1_OUT/ PCP_OUT PC2_OUT
VCO_IN
mbd038
VCO_OUT
DEM_OUT
DEM_OUT VCO_OUT
Logic symbol
logic symbol
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Product data sheet
Rev. September 2009
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Product data sheet Rev. September 2009
74HCT9046A_6
Semiconductors
fout COMP_IN
SIG_IN
VCO_OUT
Vref2
PC1_OUT/ PCP_OUT
Vref1
logic
logic DEM_OUT
down CHARGE PUMP
PC2_OUT
Vref1
Vref2
Rbias
BAND
Vref2
VCO_IN
with band controlled
Rbias
mbd102
Logic diagram
74HCT9046A
B.V. 2009. rights reserved.
Semiconductors
74HCT9046A
with band controlled
Pinning information
Pinning
74HCT9046A
PC1_OUT/ PCP_OUT COMP_IN VCO_OUT
001aae500
SIG_IN PC2_OUT DEM_OUT VCO_IN
configuration
description
Table Symbol PC1_OUT/PCP_OUT COMP_IN VCO_OUT VCO_IN DEM_OUT PC2_OUT SIG_IN description Description ground phase comparators phase comparator output phase comparator pulse output comparator input output inhibit input capacitor connection capacitor connection ground input demodulator output resistor connection resistor connection phase comparator output; current source adjustable with Rbias signal input bias resistor (Rbias) connection supply voltage
74HCT9046A_6
B.V. 2009. rights reserved.
Product data sheet
Rev. September 2009
Semiconductors
74HCT9046A
with band controlled
Functional description
74HCT9046A phase-locked-loop circuit that comprises linear different phase comparators (PC1 PC2) with common signal input amplifier common comparator input, Figure signal input directly coupled large voltage signals (CMOS level), indirectly coupled (with series capacitor) small voltage signals. self-bias input circuit keeps small voltage signals within linear region input amplifiers. With passive low-pass filter, 74HCT9046A forms second-order loop PLL. principle this phase-locked-loop based familiar 74HCT4046A. However extra features built-in, allowing very high-performance phase-locked-loop applications. This done, expense PC3, which skipped this 74HCT9046A. equipped with current source output stage here. Further band applied internal references, allowing small center frequency tolerance. details summed Section 8.1. familiar with 74HCT4046A already, will read this section only.
Differences with respect familiar 74HCT4046A center frequency tolerance maximum board band sets internal references resulting minimal frequency
shift supply voltage variations temperature variations.
value frequency offset determined internal reference voltage
instead this offset frequency will shift over supply voltage range.
current switch charge pump output PC2_OUT allows virtually ideal
performance PC2; gain independent voltage across low-pass filter; Further passive low-pass filter loop achieves active performance. influence parasitic capacitance output plays role here, resulting true correspondence output correction pulse phase difference even phase differences small nanoseconds.
Because linear performance without dead zone, higher impedance values
filter, hence lower C-values, chosen; correct operation will influenced parasitic capacitances case voltage source output using 74HCT4046A.
instead resistor connected GND, which sets
load/unload currents charge pump (PC2).
Extra allow excellent demodulator performance even
higher.
Combined function PC1_OUT/PCP_OUT. connected
bias resistor Rbias) PC1_OUT/PCP_OUT familiar function viz. output PC1. resistor (Rbias) connected assumed that been chosen phase comparator. Connection Rbias sensed internal circuitry this changes function PC1_OUT/PCP_OUT into lock detect output (PCP_OUT) with same characteristics PCP_OUT 74HCT4046A.
74HCT9046A_6
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Product data sheet
Rev. September 2009
Semiconductors
74HCT9046A
with band controlled
inhibit function differs. 74HCT4046A HIGH-level inhibit input
(pin INH) disables demodulator, while LOW-level turns both 74HCT9046A HIGH-level inhibit input disables whole circuit minimize standby power consumption.
requires external capacitor (between pins C1B) external resistor (between pins GND) external resistors (between pins GND, GND). Resistor capacitor determine frequency range VCO. Resistor enables have frequency offset required (see Figure high input impedance simplifies design low-pass filters giving designer wide choice resistor/capacitor ranges. order load low-pass filter, demodulator output input voltage provided DEM_OUT. DEM_OUT voltage equals that input. DEM_OUT used, series resistor (Rs) should connected from DEM_OUT GND; unused, DEM_OUT should left open. output (pin VCO_OUT) connected directly comparator input (pin COMP_IN), connected frequency divider. output signal duty cycle (maximum expected deviation input held constant level. LOW-level inhibit input (pin INH) enables demodulator, while HIGH-level turns both minimize standby power consumption.
Phase comparators
signal input (pin SIG_IN) directly coupled self-biasing amplifier SIG_IN, provided that signal swing between standard family input logic levels. Capacitive coupling required signals with smaller swings.
8.3.1 Phase Comparator (PC1)
This circuit EXCLUSIVE-OR network. signal comparator input frequencies (fi) must have duty cycle obtain maximum locking range. transfer characteristic PC1, assuming ripple 2fi) suppressed, _OUT SIG_IN COMP_IN where: VDEM_OUT demodulator output DEM_OUT VDEM_OUT VPC1_OUT (via low-pass) phase comparator gain average output voltage from PC1, input low-pass filter seen demodulator output DEM_OUT (VDEM_OUT), resultant phase differences signals (SIG_IN) comparator input (COMP_IN) shown Figure average VDEM_OUT equal 0.5VCC when there signal noise SIG_IN with this input oscillates center frequency (f0). Typical
74HCT9046A_6
B.V. 2009. rights reserved.
Product data sheet
Rev. September 2009
Semiconductors
74HCT9046A
with band controlled
waveforms loop locked shown Figure This figure also shows actual waveforms across capacitor pins (VC1A VC1B) show relation between these ramps VCO_OUT voltage. frequency capture range (2f0) defined frequency range input signals which will lock initially out-of-lock. frequency lock range (2fL) defined frequency range input signals which loop will stay locked initially lock. capture range smaller equal lock range. With PC1, capture range depends low-pass filter characteristics made large lock range. This configuration remains locked even with very noisy input signals. Typical behavior this type phase comparator that lock input frequencies close harmonics center frequency.
VDEM_OUT(AV)
mbd101
0.5VCC
PC_IN
_OUT _OUT SIG_IN COMP_IN PC_IN SIG_IN COMP_IN Phase comparator average output voltage function input phase difference
74HCT9046A_6
B.V. 2009. rights reserved.
Product data sheet
Rev. September 2009
Semiconductors
74HCT9046A
with band controlled
SIGN_IN
COMP_IN VCO_OUT
PC1_OUT
VCO_IN
VC1A
VC1B
mbd100
Typical waveforms using phase comparator loop-locked
8.3.2 Phase Comparator (PC2)
This positive edge-triggered phase frequency detector. When using this comparator, loop controlled positive signal transitions duty cycles SIG_IN COMP_IN important. comprises D-type flip-flops, control gating 3-state output stage with sink source transistors acting current sources, henceforth called charge pump output PC2. circuit functions up-down counter (see Figure where SIG_IN causes up-count COMP_IN down count. current switch charge pump output allows virtually ideal performance PC2, appliance some pulse overlap down signals, Figure pump current independent from supply voltage internal band reference bias Where Rbias external bias resistor between ground. current voltage transfer function shown Figure phase comparator gain
74HCT9046A_6
B.V. 2009. rights reserved.
Product data sheet
Rev. September 2009
Semiconductors
74HCT9046A
with band controlled
PC2_OUT
down
PC2_OUT VC2_OUT
PC_IN
pulse overlap approximately
mbd046
down
mbd099
every even zero both switches closed simultaneously short period (typically ns). current switch charge pump output
Comparable voltage-controlled switch
+Icp
VDEM_OUT(AV) 0.5VCC
-Icp PC_IN
001aak442
PC_IN
001aak443
Current transfer
Voltage transfer. This transfer observed PC2_OUT connecting resistor between PC2_OUT 0.5VCC. _OUT PC2_OUT PC_IN PC_IN SIG_IN COMP_IN
pump current PC_IN
Phase comparator current voltage transfer characteristics
When frequencies SIG_IN COMP_IN equal phase SIG_IN leads that COMP_IN, output driver PC2_OUT held `ON' time corresponding phase difference (PC_IN). When phase SIG_IN lags that COMP_IN, down sink driver held `ON'.
74HCT9046A_6
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Product data sheet
Rev. September 2009
Semiconductors
74HCT9046A
with band controlled
When frequency SIG_IN higher than that COMP_IN, source output driver held `ON' most input signal cycle time remainder cycle time both drivers `OFF' (3-state). SIG_IN frequency lower than COMP_IN frequency, then sink driver that held `ON' most cycle. Subsequently voltage capacitor (C2) low-pass filter connected PC2_OUT varies until signal comparator inputs equal both phase frequency. this stable point voltage remains constant output 3-state input high-impedance. Also this condition signal phase comparator pulse output (PCP_OUT) minimum output pulse width equal overlap time, used indicating locked condition. Thus phase difference exists between SIG_IN COMP_IN over full frequency range VCO. Moreover, power dissipation low-pass filter reduced because both output drivers most signal input cycle. should noted that lock range this type phase comparator equal capture range independent low-pass filter. With signal present SIG_IN adjust, PC2, lowest frequency. using current sources charge pump output PC2, dead zone backlash time could reduced zero. Also, pulse widening parasitic output capacitance plays role here. This enables linear transfer function, even vicinity zero crossing. differences between voltage switch charge pump current switch charge pump shown Figure
SIG_IN
COMP_IN VCO_OUT
PC_IN DOWN
typical
CURRENT PC2_OUT high-impedance OFF-state, (zero current) PC2_OUT/VCO_IN
PCP_OUT
mbd047
pulse overlap down signals (typically ns).
Timing diagram
74HCT9046A_6
B.V. 2009. rights reserved.
Product data sheet
Rev. September 2009
Semiconductors
74HCT9046A
with band controlled
2.75
2.75
VCO_IN
VCO_IN
2.50
2.50
2.25
phase error (ns)
2.25
phase error (ns)
001aak444
001aak445
parasitic capacitance PC2_OUT. Backlash time (dead zone).
Response with traditional voltage-switch charge-pump PC2_OUT (74HCT4046A).
Response with current switch charge-pump PC2_OUT applied 74HCT9046A.
response locked-loop vicinity zero crossing phase error
design low-pass filter somewhat different when using current sources. external resistor longer present when using phase comparator. current source Rbias. simple capacitor behaves ideal integrator now, because capacitor charged constant current. transfer function voltage switch charge pump used. fact even more valid, because transfer function longer restricted small changes only. Further current independent from both supply voltage voltage across filter. that familiar with low-pass filter design 74HCT4046A relation show Rbias relates with fictive series resistance, called R3'. This relation derived assuming first that voltage controlled switch 74HCT4046A connected filter capacitance this fictive (see Figure 8b). Then during output pulse charge current equals: -R3' With initial voltage VC2(0) 0.5VCC -R3' shown before charge current current switch 74HCT9046A bias Hence: bias
74HCT9046A_6
B.V. 2009. rights reserved.
Product data sheet
Rev. September 2009
Semiconductors
74HCT9046A
with band controlled
Using this equivalent resistance filter design voltage expressed transfer function PC2; assuming ripple suppressed, Again this illustrates supply voltage independent behavior PC2.
Loop filter component selection
Examples combined with passive filter shown Figure Figure shows that with only filter behaves high-gain filter. stability damped version Figure with series resistance preferred. Practical design values Rbias between with filter design. Higher values require lower values filter capacitance which very advantageous values loop natural frequency
Rbias
F(j)
INPUT
OUTPUT
-1/A1
001aak449
001aak450
001aak451
Simple loop filter without damping
Amplitude characteristic
Pole zero diagram
gain limit, leakage
bias
Simple loop filter without damping
74HCT9046A_6
B.V. 2009. rights reserved.
Product data sheet
Rev. September 2009
Semiconductors
74HCT9046A
with band controlled
Rbias
F(j)
INPUT
OUTPUT
-1/2
001aak446
001aak447 001aak448
Simple loop filter with damping
Amplitude characteristic
Pole zero diagram
gain limit, leakage
bias
Simple loop filter with damping
Limiting values
Table Limiting values accordance with Absolute Maximum Rating System (IEC 60134). Voltages referenced (ground Symbol IGND Tstg Ptot Parameter supply voltage input clamping current output clamping current output current supply current ground current storage temperature total power dissipation DIP16 SO16 TSSOP16
DIP16 packages: above value Ptot derates linearly with mW/K. SO16 TSSOP16 packages: above value Ptot derates linearly with mW/K.
Conditions -0.5 -0.5 -0.5
-0.5
+150
Unit
Tamb +125
74HCT9046A_6
B.V. 2009. rights reserved.
Product data sheet
Rev. September 2009
Semiconductors
74HCT9046A
with band controlled
Recommended operating conditions
Table Symbol Tamb Operating conditions Parameter supply voltage input voltage output voltage ambient temperature input transition rise fall rate INH; Conditions 1.67 +125 Unit ns/V
Static characteristics
Table Static characteristics recommended operating conditions; voltages referenced (ground Symbol Tamb Phase comparator section HIGH-level input voltage LOW-level input voltage HIGH-level output voltage pins SIG_IN COMP_IN; coupled pins SIG_IN COMP_IN; coupled pins PCP_OUT PCn_OUT; -4.0 LOW-level output voltage pins PCP_OUT PCn_OUT; input leakage current OFF-state output current input resistance pins SIG_IN COMP_IN; PC2_OUT; VIL; SIG_IN COMP_IN; self-bias operating point; Figure Rbias section HIGH-level input voltage LOW-level input voltage INH; coupled INH; coupled bias resistance charge pump current Rbias ±0.53 ±1.06 ±2.12 ±0.5 0.15 0.26 3.98 4.32 1.35 3.15 Parameter Conditions Unit
74HCT9046A_6
B.V. 2009. rights reserved.
Product data sheet
Rev. September 2009
Semiconductors
74HCT9046A
with band controlled
Table Static characteristics .continued recommended operating conditions; voltages referenced (ground Symbol Parameter HIGH-level output voltage Conditions VCO_OUT; -4.0 LOW-level output voltage VCO_OUT; pins C1B; VIL; VVCO_IN input leakage current resistor resistor capacitor voltage VCO_IN pins VCO_IN; over range specified Demodulator section series resistance leakage current influence VDEM_OUT VCO_IN VDEM_OUT; VVCO_IN 0.5VCC; values taken over range; Figure DEM_OUT; VDEM_OUT 0.5VCC disabled; INH; other inputs GND; 0.15 0.26 0.40 ±0.1 limit 3.98 4.32 Unit
Voffset
offset voltage
Rdyn General
dynamic resistance
supply current additional supply current input capacitance
Tamb Phase comparator section HIGH-level input voltage LOW-level input voltage pins SIG_IN COMP_IN; coupled pins SIG_IN COMP_IN; coupled 1.35 3.15
74HCT9046A_6
B.V. 2009. rights reserved.
Product data sheet
Rev. September 2009
Semiconductors
74HCT9046A
with band controlled
Table Static characteristics .continued recommended operating conditions; voltages referenced (ground Symbol Parameter HIGH-level output voltage Conditions pins PCP_OUT PCn_OUT; -4.0 LOW-level output voltage pins PCP_OUT PCn_OUT; section HIGH-level input voltage LOW-level input voltage HIGH-level output voltage INH; coupled INH; coupled VCO_OUT; -4.0 LOW-level output voltage VCO_OUT; pins C1B; VIL; General supply current additional supply current disabled; input pin; other inputs GND; 80.0 input leakage current pins VCO_IN; 0.33 0.47 ±1.0 3.84 input leakage current OFF-state output current SIG_IN COMP_IN; PC2_OUT; VIL; ±5.0 0.33 3.84 Unit
Tamb +125 Phase comparator section HIGH-level input voltage LOW-level input voltage pins SIG_IN COMP_IN; coupled pins SIG_IN COMP_IN; coupled 1.35 3.15
74HCT9046A_6
B.V. 2009. rights reserved.
Product data sheet
Rev. September 2009
Semiconductors
74HCT9046A
with band controlled
Table Static characteristics .continued recommended operating conditions; voltages referenced (ground Symbol Parameter HIGH-level output voltage Conditions pins PCP_OUT PCn_OUT; -4.0 LOW-level output voltage pins PCP_OUT PCn_OUT; section HIGH-level input voltage LOW-level input voltage HIGH-level output voltage INH; coupled INH; coupled VCO_OUT; -4.0 LOW-level output voltage VCO_OUT; pins C1B; VIL; General supply current additional supply current disabled; input pin; other inputs GND; 160.0 input leakage current pins VCO_IN; 0.54 ±1.0 input leakage current OFF-state output current pins SIG_IN COMP_IN; PC2_OUT; VIL; ±10.0 Unit
74HCT9046A_6
B.V. 2009. rights reserved.
Product data sheet
Rev. September 2009
Semiconductors
74HCT9046A
with band controlled
mbd108
mga956
self-bias operating point (0.5 VCC) 0.25
(0.5 VCC) 0.25
Typical input resistance curve SIG_IN COMP_IN
mga957
Input resistance SIG_IN; COMP_IN with self-bias point
Voffset (mV)
mga958
5.5V
(µA)
(0.5 VCC) 0.25
(0.5 VCC) 0.25
(0.5 VCC)
(0.5 VCC) VVCO_IN
Input current SIG_IN; COMP_IN with self-bias point
Offset voltage demodulator output function VCO_IN
74HCT9046A_6
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Product data sheet
Rev. September 2009
Semiconductors
74HCT9046A
with band controlled
Dynamic characteristics
Table Dynamic characteristics[1] Symbol Tamb Phase comparator section propagation delay SIG_IN, COMP_IN PC1_OUT; Figure SIG_IN, COMP_IN PCP_OUT; Figure tdis Vi(p-p) section frequency deviation center frequency VVCO_IN duty cycle VVCO_IN 0.5VCC; Figure duty cycle VVCO_IN 0.5VCC; Figure General power dissipation capacitance
[2][3]
Parameter
Conditions
Unit
enable time disable time transition time peak-to-peak input voltage
SIG_IN, COMP_IN PC2_OUT; Figure SIG_IN, COMP_IN PC2_OUT; Figure Figure SIGN_IN COMP_IN; coupled;
11.0
15.0
16.0
relative frequency variation duty cycle
Figure VCO_OUT;
Tamb Phase comparator section propagation delay SIG_IN, COMP_IN PC1_OUT; Figure SIG_IN, COMP_IN PCP_OUT; Figure tdis section enable time disable time transition time SIG_IN, COMP_IN PC2_OUT; Figure SIG_IN, COMP_IN PC2_OUT; Figure Figure
74HCT9046A_6
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Product data sheet
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Semiconductors
74HCT9046A
with band controlled
Table Dynamic characteristics[1] .continued Symbol Parameter frequency variation with temperature Conditions VVCO_IN 0.5VCC; recommended range: Figure
0.06
Unit
Tamb +125 Phase comparator section propagation delay SIG_IN, COMP_IN PC1_OUT; Figure SIG_IN, COMP_IN PCP_OUT; Figure tdis
enable time disable time transition time
SIG_IN, COMP_IN PC2_OUT; Figure SIG_IN, COMP_IN PC2_OUT; Figure Figure
same tPLH tPHL; tdis same tPLZ tPHZ; same tPZL tPZH; same tTLH tTHL. used determine dynamic power dissipation µW). VCC2 VCC2 where: input frequency MHz; output frequency MHz; output load capacitance supply voltage total load switching outputs; VCC2 outputs. Applies phase comparator section only (pin HIGH). power dissipation demodulator sections, Figure This (peak peak) input sensitivity. This center frequency tolerance. This frequency linearity. This frequency stability with temperature change.
SIG_IN, COMP_IN inputs
tPHL
tPLH
PCP_OUT, PC1_OUT outputs
tTHL
tTLH
mbd106
0.5VCC; VCC.
Waveforms showing input (SIG_IN COMP_IN) output (PCP_OUT PC1_OUT) propagation delays output transition times
74HCT9046A_6 B.V. 2009. rights reserved.
Product data sheet
Rev. September 2009
Semiconductors
74HCT9046A
with band controlled
SIG_IN input
COMP_IN input
tPHZ tPLZ
tPZH PC2_OUT output
tPZL
mga941
0.5VCC; VCC.
Waveforms showing enable disable times PC2_OUT
mbd115
mbd116
Tamb (°C)
Tamb (°C)
Frequency stability function ambient temperature with supply voltage parameter
74HCT9046A_6
B.V. 2009. rights reserved.
Product data sheet
Rev. September 2009
Semiconductors
74HCT9046A
with band controlled
mbd124
mbd117
Tamb (°C)
Tamb (°C)
Frequency stability function ambient temperature with supply voltage parameter
mbd118
mbd119
Tamb (°C)
Tamb (°C)
Frequency stability function ambient temperature with supply voltage parameter
74HCT9046A_6
B.V. 2009. rights reserved.
Product data sheet
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Semiconductors
74HCT9046A
with band controlled
fVCO (MHz)
mbd112
fVCO (kHz)
mbd113
VVCO_IN
VVCO_IN
mbd120
mbd111
fVCO (kHz)
(Hz)
frequency frequency
VVCO_IN
VVCO_IN
Graphs showing frequency function input voltage (VVCO_IN)
74HCT9046A_6
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Product data sheet
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Semiconductors
74HCT9046A
with band controlled
mbd114
mga937
fVCO
(MHz)
VVCO_IN
linearity
Definition frequency linearity: over range
mbd121
Frequency linearity function
mbd110
Power dissipation function
Power dissipation function
74HCT9046A_6
B.V. 2009. rights reserved.
Product data sheet
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Semiconductors
74HCT9046A
with band controlled
mbd109
PDEM
Typical power dissipation function
74HCT9046A_6
B.V. 2009. rights reserved.
Product data sheet
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Semiconductors
74HCT9046A
with band controlled
Application information
This information guide approximation values external components used with 74HCT9046A phase-locked-loop system. Values selected components should within ranges shown Table
Table Table Subject frequency without extra offset Survey components Value between between parallel value Design considerations section Phase comparator PC1, Design consideration frequency characteristic. With within range characteristics operation will shown Figure 29a. (Due time constant small offset remains when Selection Given determine values using Figure Given fmax determine values using Figure Figure obtain then this calculate fmin. frequency characteristic. With within ranges characteristics operation shown Figure 29b. Selection Given determine value product R1C1 using Figure Calculate foff from equation foff 1.6fL. Obtain values using Figure Calculate value from value product R1C1. adjusts with PC_IN VVCO_IN 0.5VCC adjusts foffset with PC_IN -360° VVCO_IN minimum
Component
frequency with extra offset PC1,
PC1,
conditions with signal SIG_IN
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Product data sheet
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Semiconductors
74HCT9046A
with band controlled
mga938
VCC-1.1 R1,C1
VCO_IN
Operating without offset; center frequency; frequency lock range.
mga939
0.6fL R2,C1 R1,C1
VCC-1.1
VCO_IN
Operating with offset; center frequency; frequency lock range. Frequency characteristic
74HCT9046A_6
B.V. 2009. rights reserved.
Product data sheet
Rev. September 2009
Semiconductors
74HCT9046A
with band controlled
13.1 Filter design considerations 74HCT9046A
Figure shows some examples passive active filters used with phase comparators 74HCT9046A. Transfer functions phase comparators filters given Table
Table Transfer functions phase comparators filters Explanation gain amplitude Figure Figure Filter type passive filter without damping passive filter with damping active filter with damping passive filter with damping Transfer function gain amplitude active filter with damping gain amplitude
Phase comparator
Figure
Figure
Figure
Figure Rbias/17; Rbias
Table Subject
General design considerations Phase comparator Design consideration high 2fi; large ripple content PC_IN small ripple content PC_IN
locks harmonics center frequency Noise rejection signal input ripple content when locked
74HCT9046A_6
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Product data sheet
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Semiconductors
74HCT9046A
with band controlled
CIRCUIT
F(j)
AMPLITUDE CHARACTERISTIC
POLE ZERO DIAGRAM
F(j)
AR3'
mbd107
Passive active filters 74HCT9046A
74HCT9046A_6
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Product data sheet
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Semiconductors
74HCT9046A
with band controlled
(Hz)
mbd103
(pF)
VVCO_IN 0.5VCC; GND; Tamb
Typical value center frequency (f0) function
74HCT9046A_6
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Product data sheet
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Semiconductors
74HCT9046A
with band controlled
foff (Hz)
mbd104
(pF)
VVCO_IN 0.5VCC; GND; Tamb
Typical value frequency offset function
(Hz) 10-7
mbd105
10-6 10-5 10-4 10-3 10-2 10-1 R1C1
VCO_IN range
VVCO_IN (VCC 1.1)
Typical frequency lock range function product
74HCT9046A_6
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Product data sheet
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Semiconductors
74HCT9046A
with band controlled
13.2 design example
frequency synthesizer used design example shown Figure following parameters: Output frequency: Frequency steps: Settling time: Overshoot: open loop gain G(s) closed loop: where: phase comparator gain low-pass filter transfer gain Kv/s gain divider ratio programmable counter ratio found follows: step step values (adjustable). values determined using information Table With this gives following values (VCC gain 2.24 gain phase comparator
74HCT9046A_6
B.V. 2009. rights reserved.
Product data sheet
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Semiconductors
74HCT9046A
with band controlled
Using with passive filter shown Figure results high gain loop with same performance loop with active filter. Hence loop filter equations high gain loop should used. current source output simulated then with fictive filter resistance: bias transfer functions filter given Where: characteristic equation This results sor: This written with natural frequency defined
damping value given Figure output frequency response step input frequency shown. overshoot settling time percentages used determine From Figure seen that damping ratio 0.707 will produce overshoot less than settle within required settling time This results
74HCT9046A_6 B.V. 2009. rights reserved.
Product data sheet
Rev. September 2009
Semiconductors
74HCT9046A
with band controlled
0.001
Rewriting equation natural frequency results maximum overshoot occurs Nmax hence 1/30: 2.24 0.0012 5000 When follows: 0.0012 2550 Hence current source bias resistance bias 2550 With 0.707 (0.5 follows: 0.707 0.00028 5000 0.00028 extra ripple suppression capacitor connected parallel with with extra stability reasons should 0.12, hence 0.1C2
74HCT9046A_6
B.V. 2009. rights reserved.
Product data sheet
Rev. September 2009
Semiconductors
74HCT9046A
with band controlled
OSCILLATOR "HCU04" DIVIDE "190" PHASE COMPARATOR
fOUT
PROGRAMMABLE DIVIDER "4059"
Rbias
mbd098
fictive resistance 2550 Rbias
bias
Frequency synthesizer
mga959
-0.6 -0.4 -0.2
e(t)
0.707
e(t)
Type second order frequency step response
74HCT9046A_6
B.V. 2009. rights reserved.
Product data sheet
Rev. September 2009
Semiconductors
74HCT9046A
with band controlled
proportional output frequency (MHz) step input stepped from
mga952
stepped from
time (ms)
Frequency compared time response
Since output frequency proportional control voltage, frequency response observed with oscilloscope monitoring VCO_IN VCO. average frequency response, calculated Laplace method, found experimentally smoothing this voltage VCO_IN with simple filter, whose time constant long compared with phase detector sampling rate short compared with response time.
13.3 Further information
extensive description application example please refer "Application note" ordering number 9397 00078.
74HCT9046A_6
B.V. 2009. rights reserved.
Product data sheet
Rev. September 2009
Semiconductors
74HCT9046A
with band controlled
Package outline
DIP16: plastic dual in-line package; leads (300 mil) SOT38-4
seating plane
index
scale
DIMENSIONS (inch dimensions derived from original dimensions) UNIT inches max. 0.17 min. 0.51 0.02 max. 0.13 1.73 1.30 0.068 0.051 0.53 0.38 0.021 0.015 1.25 0.85 0.049 0.033 0.36 0.23 0.014 0.009 19.50 18.55 0.77 0.73 6.48 6.20 0.26 0.24 2.54 7.62 3.60 3.05 0.14 0.12 8.25 7.80 0.32 0.31 10.0 0.39 0.33 0.254 0.01 max. 0.76 0.03
Note Plastic metal protrusions 0.25 (0.01 inch) maximum side included. OUTLINE VERSION SOT38-4 REFERENCES JEDEC JEITA EUROPEAN PROJECTION
ISSUE DATE 95-01-14 03-02-13
Package outline SOT38-4 (DIP16)
74HCT9046A_6 B.V. 2009. rights reserved.
Product data sheet
Rev. September 2009
Semiconductors
74HCT9046A
with band controlled
SO16: plastic small outline package; leads; body width
SOT109-1
index detail
scale
DIMENSIONS (inch dimensions derived from original dimensions) UNIT inches Note Plastic metal protrusions 0.15 (0.006 inch) maximum side included. OUTLINE VERSION SOT109-1 REFERENCES 076E07 JEDEC MS-012 JEITA EUROPEAN PROJECTION max. 1.75 0.25 0.10 1.45 1.25 0.25 0.01 0.49 0.36 0.25 0.19 10.0 0.16 0.15 1.27 0.05 1.05 0.039 0.016 0.028 0.020 0.25 0.01 0.25 0.01
0.010 0.057 0.069 0.004 0.049
0.019 0.0100 0.39 0.014 0.0075 0.38
0.244 0.041 0.228
0.028 0.004 0.012
ISSUE DATE 99-12-27 03-02-19
Package outline SOT109-1 (SO16)
74HCT9046A_6 B.V. 2009. rights reserved.
Product data sheet
Rev. September 2009
Semiconductors
74HCT9046A
with band controlled
TSSOP16: plastic thin shrink small outline package; leads; body width
SOT403-1
index
detail
scale
DIMENSIONS original dimensions) UNIT max. 0.15 0.05 0.95 0.80 0.25 0.30 0.19 0.65 0.75 0.50 0.13 0.40 0.06
Notes Plastic metal protrusions 0.15 maximum side included. Plastic interlead protrusions 0.25 maximum side included. OUTLINE VERSION SOT403-1 REFERENCES JEDEC MO-153 JEITA EUROPEAN PROJECTION ISSUE DATE 99-12-27 03-02-18
Package outline SOT403-1 (TSSOP16)
74HCT9046A_6 B.V. 2009. rights reserved.
Product data sheet
Rev. September 2009
Semiconductors
74HCT9046A
with band controlled
Abbreviations
Table Acronym CMOS Abbreviations Description Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor Device Under Test ElectroStatic Discharge Human Body Model Machine Model Phase Locked Loop Voltage Controlled Oscillator
Revision history
Table Revision history Release date 20090915 Data sheet status Product data sheet Change notice Supersedes 74HCT9046A_5 Document 74HCT9046A_6 Modifications:
format this data sheet been redesigned comply with identity guidelines Semiconductors. Legal texts have been adapted company name where appropriate. Vi(p-p) value changed from Section value moved from minimum typical column Section Package version SOT38-1 changed SOT38-4 Section Figure Product specification Product specification Product specification 74HCT9046A_4 74HCT9046A_3
74HCT9046A_5 74HCT9046A_4 74HCT9046A_3
20031030 20030515 19990111
74HCT9046A_6
B.V. 2009. rights reserved.
Product data sheet
Rev. September 2009
Semiconductors
74HCT9046A
with band controlled
Legal information
17.1 Data sheet status
Document status[1][2] Objective [short] data sheet Preliminary [short] data sheet Product [short] data sheet
Product status[3] Development Qualification Production
Definition This document contains data from objective specification product development. This document contains data from preliminary specification. This document contains product specification.
Please consult most recently issued document before initiating completing design. term `short data sheet' explained section "Definitions". product status device(s) described this document have changed since this document published differ case multiple devices. latest product status information available Internet http://www.nxp.com.
17.2 Definitions
Draft document draft version only. content still under internal review subject formal approval, which result modifications additions. Semiconductors does give representations warranties accuracy completeness information included herein shall have liability consequences such information. Short data sheet short data sheet extract from full data sheet with same product type number(s) title. short data sheet intended quick reference only should relied upon contain detailed full information. detailed full information relevant full data sheet, which available request local Semiconductors sales office. case inconsistency conflict with short data sheet, full data sheet shall prevail.
damage. Semiconductors accepts liability inclusion and/or Semiconductors products such equipment applications therefore such inclusion and/or customer's risk. Applications Applications that described herein these products illustrative purposes only. Semiconductors makes representation warranty that such applications will suitable specified without further testing modification. Limiting values Stress above more limiting values defined Absolute Maximum Ratings System 60134) cause permanent damage device. Limiting values stress ratings only operation device these other conditions above those given Characteristics sections this document implied. Exposure limiting values extended periods affect device reliability. Terms conditions sale Semiconductors products sold subject general terms conditions commercial sale, published including those pertaining warranty, intellectual property rights infringement limitation liability, unless explicitly otherwise agreed writing Semiconductors. case inconsistency conflict between information this document such terms conditions, latter will prevail. offer sell license Nothing this document interpreted construed offer sell products that open acceptance grant, conveyance implication license under copyrights, patents other industrial intellectual property rights. Export control This document well item(s) described herein subject export control regulations. Export might require prior authorization from national authorities.
17.3 Disclaimers
General Information this document believed accurate reliable. However, Semiconductors does give representations warranties, expressed implied, accuracy completeness such information shall have liability consequences such information. Right make changes Semiconductors reserves right make changes information published this document, including without limitation specifications product descriptions, time without notice. This document supersedes replaces information supplied prior publication hereof. Suitability Semiconductors products designed, authorized warranted suitable medical, military, aircraft, space life support equipment, applications where failure malfunction Semiconductors product reasonably expected result personal injury, death severe property environmental
17.4 Trademarks
Notice: referenced brands, product names, service names trademarks property their respective owners.
Contact information
more information, please visit: http://www.nxp.com sales office addresses, please send email salesaddresses@nxp.com
74HCT9046A_6
B.V. 2009. rights reserved.
Product data sheet
Rev. September 2009
Semiconductors
74HCT9046A
with band controlled
Contents
8.3.1 8.3.2 13.1 13.2 13.3 17.1 17.2 17.3 17.4 General description Features Applications Ordering information Block diagram Functional diagram Pinning information Pinning description Functional description Differences with respect familiar 74HCT4046A Phase comparators. Phase Comparator (PC1) Phase Comparator (PC2) Loop filter component selection Limiting values. Recommended operating conditions. Static characteristics. Dynamic characteristics Application information. Filter design considerations 74HCT9046A design example Further information Package outline Abbreviations Revision history Legal information. Data sheet status Definitions Disclaimers Trademarks Contact information. Contents
Please aware that important notices concerning this document product(s) described herein, have been included section `Legal information'.
B.V. 2009.
rights reserved.
more information, please visit: http://www.nxp.com sales office addresses, please send email salesaddresses@nxp.com Date release: September 2009 Document identifier: 74HCT9046A_6
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