Negative Voltage Swap Controller with Enhanced Programmability 34

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Negative Voltage Swap Controller with Enhanced Programmability 34

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Document Number: MC34652 Rev. 8.0, 2/2007
Negative Voltage Swap Controller with Enhanced Programmability
34652 highly integrated swap controller with internal Power MOSFET. provides means safely install remove boards from live backplanes without having power down entire system. regulates inrush current, from supply load's filter capacitor, user-programmable limit, allowing system safely stabilize. disable function allows user disable 34652 manually through microprocessor safely disconnect load from main power line. 34652 active high active power good output signals that used directly enable power module load. Programmable under- overvoltage detection circuitry monitors input voltage check that within operating range. programmable start-up delay timer ensures that safe turn Power MOSFET charge load capacitor. two-level current limit approach controlling inrush current switching load limits peak power dissipation Power MOSFET. Both current limits user programmable. Features Integrated Power MOSFET Control Small Outline Package Input Voltage Operation Range from Programmable Overcurrent Limit with Auto Retry Programmable Charging Current Limit Independent Load Capacitor Programmable Start-Up Retry Delay Timer Programmable Overvoltage Undervoltage Detection Active High Power Good Output Signals Thermal Shutdown Pb-Free Packaging Designated Suffix Code
34652
SWAP
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SCALE
SUFFIX (PB-Free) 98ASB42566B 16-PIN SOICN
ORDERING INFORMATION
Device MC34652EF/ MCZ34652EF/ Temperature Range (TA) 40°C 85°C Package
SOICN
34652
DISABLE System Power Supply (Backplane) VPWR ICHG Optional External Components ILIM TIMER Optional External Components VOUT Load Application Dependent
Figure 34652 Simplified Application Diagram
This document contains certain information product. Specifications information herein subject change without notice.
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc., 2007. rights reserved.
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INTERNAL BLOCK DIAGRAM
INTERNAL BLOCK DIAGRAM
DISABLE
Referenced VPWR Logic
Fixed Oscillator
Adjustable Oscillator Startup Delay Timer
Timer External Resistors Detection
TIMER
VPWR
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UVLO
Logic
Thermal Shutdown ILIM External Resistors Detection Programmable Current Limit Gate Control Driver Sensor MOSFET
ICHG
Power MOSFET
VOUT
Figure 34652 Simplified Internal Block Diagram
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CONNECTIONS
CONNECTIONS
VOUT VOUT TIMER
ICHG ILIM DISABLE VPWR
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Figure 16-SOICN Connections Table 16-SOICN Definitions functional description each found FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION section beginning page
Name VOUT TIMER VPWR DISABLE Formal Name Negative Supply Input Voltage Power Good Output (Active High) Power Good Output (Active Low) Output Voltage Start-Up Retry Delay Timer Connect Overvoltage Control Undervoltage Control Positive Supply Input Voltage Disable Input Control Definition This most negative power supply input. pins except DISABLE referenced this input. This active high power good output signal. This referenced VIN. This active power good output signal. This referenced VIN. This drain internal Power MOSFET supplies current limited voltage load. This input used control time base used generate timing sequences start-up retry delay when device experiences fault. connected. This used upper limit input voltage operation range. This used lower limit input voltage operation range. This most-positive power supply input. load connects between this VOUT pin. This used easily disconnect connect load from main power line disabling enabling 34652. also used reset fault conditions that cause "Power Good" signal. This referenced VPWR. This used overcurrent limit during normal operation. This used load's input capacitor charging current limit, hence limiting inrush current known constant value.
ILIM ICHG
Current Limit Control Charging Current Limit Control
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ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS MAXIMUM RATINGS
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
MAXIMUM RATINGS
Table Maximum Ratings voltages with respect ground unless otherwise noted. Exceeding these ratings cause malfunction permanent damage device.
Ratings ELECTRICAL RATINGS Power Supply Voltage Power MOSFET Energy Capability Continuous Output Current
Symbol
Value
Unit
VPWR EMOSFET (CONT) VESD3 VESD4
Varies
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Maximum Voltage DISABLE ILIM, ICHG, TIMER Pins (VPG VIN)
(VPG VIN)
VPWR Internally Limited 2000
Pins Minimum Voltage Maximum Current Voltage, Pins Human Body Model Machine Model THERMAL RATINGS Storage Temperature Operating Temperature Ambient Junction
TSTG
Notes Refer section titled Power MOSFET Energy Capability page detailed explanation this parameter. Continuous output current capability long 160°C. ESD1 testing performed accordance with Human Body Model (CZAP 100pF, RZAP 1500 ESD2 testing performed accordance with Machine Model (CZAP RZAP limiting factor junction temperature, taking into account power dissipation, thermal resistance, heatsinking.
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ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS MAXIMUM RATINGS
Table Maximum Ratings (continued) voltages with respect ground unless otherwise noted. Exceeding these ratings cause malfunction permanent damage device.
Ratings ELECTRICAL RATINGS Peak Package Reflow Temperature During Reflow (5), Thermal Resistance
Symbol
Value
Unit
TPPRT RJMA
Note
°C/W
Junction-to-Ambient, Single-Layer Board
Junction-to-Ambient, Four-Layer Board (10)
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Notes soldering temperature limit seconds maximum duration. designed immersion soldering. Exceeding these limits cause malfunction permanent damage device. Freescale's Package Reflow capability meets Pb-free requirements JEDEC standard J-STD-020C. Peak Package Reflow Temperature Moisture Sensitivity Levels (MSL), www.freescale.com, search part number [e.g. remove prefixes/suffixes enter core view orderable parts. (i.e. MC33xxxD enter 33xxx), review parametrics. Refer section titled Thermal Shutdown page more thermal resistance values under various conditions. VOUT pins comprise main heat conduction paths. SEMI G38-87 JEDEC JESD51-2 with single-layer board (JESD51-3) horizontal. JEDEC JESD51-6 with board (JESD51-7) horizontal. There thermal vias connecting package planes board.
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS STATIC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
STATIC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
Table Static Electrical Characteristics Characteristics noted under conditions VPWR 40°C 85°C. voltages referenced unless otherwise noted.
Characteristic POWER SUPPLY (VPWR) Supply Voltage Supply Current, Device Enabled, Default Mode, Normal Operation Undervoltage Lockout Threshold (UVLO) Rising Falling VUVLOR VUVLOF VUVLOHY
(11)
Symbol
Unit
VPWR
1400
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UNDERVOLTAGE CONTROL Threshold (Default) Rising Falling Hysteresis Comparator Threshold Rising Hysteresis Input Leakage Current Maximum Value Series Resistance Between VPWR Pins OVERVOLTAGE CONTROL Threshold (Default) Rising Falling Hysteresis Comparator Threshold Rising Hysteresis Input Leakage Current Maximum Value Series Resistance Between VPWR Pins VOVC VOVCHY IOVLG (OFF) (ON) VOVHY VUVC VUVCHY IUVLG VUV(ON) VUV(OFF) VUVHY
Notes supply current depends operation mode calculated follows: Mode: ICHG(A) ILIM(A) VPWR(V) 460(k) Mode: ILIM(A) ILOAD(A) VPWR(V) 460(k) Mode: ILIM(A) VPWR(V) 460(k) Mode: ILIM(A) IDIS(A) VPWR(V) 460(k)
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Hysteresis
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS STATIC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
Table Static Electrical Characteristics (continued) Characteristics noted under conditions VPWR 40°C 85°C. voltages referenced unless otherwise noted.
Characteristic DISABLE INPUT CONTROL (DISABLE) DISABLE Input Voltage Inactive State Active State, Positive Signal Active State, Negative Signal DISABLE Input Current VDIS VPWR VDIS VPWR VDIS CURRENT LIMIT CONTROL PINS (ILIM, ICHG) Overcurrent Limit Steady State Default Maximum with External Resistor Minimum with External Resistor Current Limit During Start-Up Default Maximum with External Resistor Minimum with External Resistor Short Circuit Current Limit ILIM Current Limit Hysteresis ILIM Current Limit Accuracy ICHG Current Limit Accuracy ILIM Voltage ILIM RILIM Setting Constant ICHG Reference Current ICHG RICHG Setting Constant POWER GOOD OUTPUT PINS (PG, Power Good Output Voltage Power Good Leakage Current Power Good Current Limit Notes Referenced VPWR. Referenced VIN. IPGLG IPGCL
(13) (12)
Symbol
Unit
VDISL VDISHP VDISHN IDIS -150 -180 VPWR VPWR VPWR VPWR
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ILIM ICHG ISHORT ILIMHY ILIMCLA ICHGCLA VILIM 0.05 2.25 0.35
ILIMCNS
ICHGOUT ICHGCNS
VPGL
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ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS STATIC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
Table Static Electrical Characteristics (continued) Characteristics noted under conditions VPWR 40°C 85°C. voltages referenced unless otherwise noted.
Characteristic START-UP RETRY DELAY TIMER (TIMER) TIMER Voltage OUTPUT VOLTAGE (VOUT) VOUT Leakage Current POWER MOSFET Resistance 25°C THERMAL SHUTDOWN RDS(ON) IOUTLG VTIMER Symbol Unit
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Thermal Shutdown Temperature Hysteresis
TSDHY
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Thermal Shutdown Temperature
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS DYNAMIC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
DYNAMIC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
Table Dynamic Electrical Characteristics Characteristics noted under conditions VPWR 40°C 85°C. voltages referenced unless otherwise noted.
Characteristic UNDERVOLTAGE CONTROL Active Gate Filter Time OVERVOLTAGE CONTROL Active Gate Filter Time DISABLE INPUT CONTROL (DISABLE) (14) OVAL UVAL Symbol Unit
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CURRENT LIMIT CONTROL PINS (ILIM, ICHG) Short Circuit Protection Delay Overcurrent Limit Filter Time Overcurrent Limit Regulation Time ICHG Rise Time Default Adjustable with External Capacitor POWER GOOD OUTPUT PINS (PG, (15) Power Good Output Delay Time, from Power MOSFET Enhancement Asserted START-UP RETRY DELAY TIMER (TIMER) Start-Up Retry Delay Timer Default Maximum with External Resistor Minimum with External Resistor Notes Referenced VPWR. Referenced VIN. TIMER 1000 SCPD OCFT ICHGR
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DISABLE Active Gate Filter Time
DISAL
FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION INTRODUCTION
FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION
INTRODUCTION
Most telecom data transfer networks require that circuit boards inserted removed from system without powering down entire system. When circuit board inserted into removed from live backplane, filter bypass capacitors input board's power module switching power supply cause large transient currents when being charged discharged. These currents cause severe permanent damage boards, thus making system unstable. Figure displays inrush current filter capacitor swap device absent. inrush current reached unsafe value more than voltages controlled manner regulating inrush current user-programmable limit, thus allowing system safely stabilize (see Figure 34652 provides protection against overcurrent, undervoltage, overvoltage, overtemperature. Furthermore, protects system from short circuits.
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Figure Circuit Board Insertion With Swap Device, Inrush Current Limited integrating control circuitry Power MOSFET switch into space-efficient package, 34652 offers complete, cost-effective, simple solution that takes much less board space than similar part with external Power MOSFET requires. 34652 used telecom networking systems, servers, electronic circuit breakers, distributed power systems, negative power supply control, central office switching.
Figure Circuit Board Insertion Without Swap Device, Inrush Current Limited 34652 integrated negative voltage swap controller with internal Power MOSFET. 34652 resides plug-in boards allows boards safely inserted removed powering supply
FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION NEGATIVE SUPPLY INPUT VOLTAGE (VIN)
most negative power supply input. pins except DISABLE referenced this input. signal deactivated under following conditions: Power turned off. device disabled more than device exceeded thermal shutdown threshold more than device overvoltage undervoltage mode more than Load current exceeded overcurrent limit more than This referenced VIN.
POWER GOOD OUTPUT (ACTIVE HIGH) (PG)
active high power good output signal that used enable disable load. This signal goes active after successful power-up sequence stays active long device normal operation experiencing faults.
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FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION
POWER GOOD OUTPUT (ACTIVE LOW) (PG)
active power good output signal that used enable disable load. This signal goes active after successful power-up sequence stays active long device normal operation experiencing faults. signal deactivated under following conditions: Power turned off. device disabled more than device exceeded thermal shutdown threshold more than device overvoltage undervoltage mode more than Load current exceeded overcurrent limit more than This referenced VIN.
UNDERVOLTAGE CONTROL (UV)
used lower limit input voltage operation range. voltage goes below undervoltage threshold value, device turns internal Power MOSFET deactivates power good outputs, Power MOSFET stays until rises above threshold value. undervoltage detection circuit filter timer. left unconnected typical default threshold value user threshold value externally with simple voltage divider using resistors between VPWR pins.
POSITIVE SUPPLY VOLTAGE INPUT (VPWR)
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OUTPUT VOLTAGE (VOUT)
VOUT drain internal Power MOSFET supplies current-limited voltage load. load connects between VOUT VPWR pins.
DISABLE INPUT CONTROL (DISABLE)
DISABLE used easily disconnect connect load from main power line disabling enabling 34652. also used reset fault conditions that cause "Power Good" signal. left open connected VPWR, DISABLE inactive device enabled. positive voltage (above VPWR) negative voltage (below VPWR) applied DISABLE, active device disabled. disable function filter timer. This referenced VPWR.
START-UP RETRY DELAY TIMER (TIMER)
This input used control time-base used generate timing sequences start-up retry delay when device experiences fault. TIMER left unconnected default timer value user connect resistor between this timer value externally. timer value vary between 1000
CURRENT LIMIT CONTROL (ILIM)
ILIM used overcurrent limit during normal operation. This left unconnected default overcurrent limit value user connect external resistor between ILIM pins overcurrent limit value. This value vary between 0.35 2.25 overcurrent detection circuit filter timer.
OVERVOLTAGE CONTROL (OV)
used upper limit input voltage operation range. voltage goes above overvoltage threshold value, device turns internal Power MOSFET deactivates power good outputs, Power MOSFET stays until drops below threshold value. overvoltage detection circuit filter timer. left unconnected typical default threshold value user threshold value externally with simple voltage divider using resistors between VPWR pins.
CHARGING CURRENT LIMIT CONTROL (ICHG)
ICHG used current limit that used charge load's input capacitor, hence limiting inrush current known constant value. This left unconnected default charging current limit value default ICHG rise time user connect external resistor between ICHG pins current limit value between 0.05
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VPWR most-positive power supply input. load connects between VPWR VOUT pins.
FUNCTIONAL DEVICE OPERATION OPERATIONAL MODES
FUNCTIONAL DEVICE OPERATION
OPERATIONAL MODES START-UP SEQUENCE
When power first applied 34652 connecting negative voltage rail VPWR positive voltage rail, 34652 keeps Power MOSFET turned off, deactivates power good output signals, resets retry counter. device disabled, further activities will occur power-up would start. device enabled, starts establish internally regulated supply voltage required internal circuitry. Power MOSFET will stay until start charging process. After Power-ON Reset (POR) once Undervoltage Lockout (UVLO) threshold cleared, 34652 checks external components four pins ILIM ICHG later levels Undervoltage Threshold, Overcurrent Limit, Charging Current Limit, Overvoltage Threshold, respectively. device also checks external components TIMER decide Start-Up Retry Delay Timer value, device keeps checking TIMER continuously throughout operation. device then initiates start-up timer (Point Figure checks start-up conditions (see next paragraph). duration timer either default user-programmable value. undervoltage overvoltage faults during power 34652 retries infinitely until normal input voltage attained. temperature ever increased beyond thermal shutdown threshold device disabled, then start-up timer resets retry counter increments. after retries temperature still high device still disabled, 34652 will retry again power device must recycled device must disabled reset retry counter.
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Figure Start-Up Sequence Start-Up Conditions start-up conditions follows: Input voltage below overvoltage turn-off threshold. This threshold either default user-programmable value. Input voltage above undervoltage turn-off threshold. This threshold either default user-programmable value. temperature less than thermal shutdown temperature. Device enabled. start-up conditions satisfied time equal length start-up timer retry counter less than equal device starts turn Power MOSFET gradually control inrush current that charges load capacitor eventually switch load (Point Figure Charging Process When charging capacitor from fixed voltage source, definite amount energy will dissipated control circuit, matter what control algorithm This energy equal energy transferred capacitor With this mind, Power MOSFET 34652 cannot absorb this pulse energy instantaneously, pulse must dissipated over time. limit peak power dissipation Power MOSFET spread
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FUNCTIONAL DEVICE OPERATION OPERATIONAL MODES
NORMAL MODE
start-up conditions (list page violated time from start Power MOSFET enhancement process thereafter during normal operation, Power MOSFET turns power good output signals deactivate, disabling load, timer cycle starts explained previously. 34652 also monitors load current prevent overload short circuit conditions from happening order protect load from damage.
LOAD CURRENT CONTROL
When normal operation mode, 34652 monitors load provides modes current control explained paragraphs below.
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Figure Power MOSFET Turn-On Gradual Increase Charging Current from ICHG (2.0 Example) ICHG current charges load capacitor relatively slowly. When load capacitor fully charged, Power MOSFET reaches full enhancement, which triggers current limit detection change from ICHG ILIM load current decrease (Point Figure page 12). current spike Point Figure better displayed Figure that when VOUT Power MOSFET fully turns reach full enhancement, charging capacitor additional with higher current value that quickly ramps down. This eliminates need current slew rate control because hazard voltage change less than power good output signals activate after delay (Point Figure which turn enables load. 34652 normal operation mode retry counter resets.
34652 monitors load overcurrent conditions. current going through load becomes larger than overcurrent limit longer than overcurrent limit filter timer overcurrent signal asserted gate Power MOSFET discharged regulate current ILIM value (Point Figure 34652 overcurrent mode after filter timer device still overcurrent mode, device turns Power MOSFET deactivates power good output signals (Point Figure 34652 then initiates another start-up timer goes back through enhancement process. during timer fault cleared, then 34652 goes back normal operation mode power good output signals stay activated shown Figure page This device overcomes temporary overcurrent situations same time protects load from more severe overcurrent situation.
Figure Overcurrent Mode More Than Figure Full Power MOSFET Turn-On Current Spike Associated with Charging Process
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Overcurrent Mode
FUNCTIONAL DEVICE OPERATION OPERATIONAL MODES
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Figure Overcurrent Mode Less Than Short Circuit Mode current going through load becomes Power MOSFET discharged very fast less than regulate current ILIM value, 34652 overcurrent mode Then follows pattern outlined Overcurrent Mode paragraph above.
Figure Disabling Enabling 34652 Figure demonstrates that 34652 must enabled length start-up timer start turning Power MOSFET. After fourth disable signal, 34652 enabled length start-up timer. because retry counter less than 34652 turns Power MOSFET starts charging process (refer Charging Process section, pages 12-13).
DISABLING ENABLING 34652
When negative voltage below VPWR) applied DISABLE more than (Point Figure 11), 34652 disabled, Power MOSFET turns off, power good output signals deactivate. 34652 stays this state until voltage DISABLE brought within VPWR more than enable device (Point Figure 11). Then start-up sequence initiates described page Applying positive voltage above VPWR) would also disable 34652 same manner.
Figure Start-Up Timer Versus Disable
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FUNCTIONAL DEVICE OPERATION PROTECTION FEATURES
BOARD REMOVAL
When board removed, power ramps down. soon 34652's input voltage reaches undervoltage turn-off threshold, undervoltage detection circuit activates Power MOSFET turns having violated start-up conditions (list page 12).
Temp 160°C Filter
34652 STATE MACHINE DIAGRAM
Figure representation 34652 behavior different modes operation.
Thermal Shutdown MOSFET VPWR VOV(OFF) Filter
Temp 135°C Filter
Start-Up Conditions
Thermal Shutdown 160°C DISABLE N=N+1 VPWR VOV(OFF) VPWR VUV(OFF) Filter TIMER
Charging Mode
Turn MOSFET
Fail Check Retry Fault STOP Toggle DISABLE cycle Power then clear fault
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Overcurrent ILOAD ILIM
VPWR VUV(OFF) Filter
VPWR VUV(ON) Filter
Ext. Resistor Check signal "set" generated check resistors ILIM, ICHG, TIMER pins later VPWR VUVLOR Filter Power MOSFET generated DISABLE Filter DISABLE MOSFET generated
Undervoltage MOSFET
Normal Operation Overcurrent Mode Filter ILOAD ILIM ILIMHY ILOAD ISHORT Short Circuit Detection Fast Gate Discharge
VPWR VUVLOF Filter
DISABLE Filter
Figure State Diagram
PROTECTION FEATURES UNDERVOLTAGE
When voltage drops below undervoltage falling threshold more than undervoltage fault detected start-up conditions (list page violated. 34652 turns Power MOSFET deactivates power good output signals, disabling load (Point Figure 14). 34652 stays this state until voltage rises above undervoltage rising threshold more than signaling that supply voltage normal operation range (Point Figure 14). Then start-up sequence initiates described page undervoltage detection circuit also equipped with hysteresis when default mode. hysteresis value depends undervoltage detection threshold calculated follows:
VUVHY (RISING) (1.3 VUVCHY)
Figure Undervoltage Fault Followed Start-Up Sequence
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VPWR VOV(ON) Filter Overvoltage MOSFET
Power Good Check ILOAD ILIM
Pass Check
FUNCTIONAL DEVICE OPERATION PROTECTION FEATURES
Figure shows 34652 uses start-up timer make sure that input voltage above undervoltage falling threshold. 34652 normal operation before Point Point undervoltage fault occurs. Then fault cleared Point 34652 initiates start-up sequence. Before start-up timer another undervoltage fault occurs Point 34652 does turn Power MOSFET. Point fault cleared again length start-up timer. 34652 turns Power MOSFET starts charging process (refer Charging Process, pages 12-13).
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Figure Overvoltage Fault
THERMAL SHUTDOWN
thermal shutdown feature helps protect internal Power MOSFET circuitry from excessive temperatures. During start-up thereafter during normal operation, 34652 monitors temperature internal circuitry excessive heat. temperature device exceeds thermal shutdown temperature 160°C, start-up conditions (list page violated, device turns Power MOSFET deactivates power good output signals. Until temperature device goes below 135°C, start-up sequence will initiated. This feature advantage over solutions with external Power MOSFET, because easy device with external MOSFET sense temperature quickly accurately. thermal shutdown circuit equipped with filter. Thermal design critical proper operation 34652. typical RDS(ON) internal Power MOSFET 0.144 room ambient temperature reach 0.251 high temperatures. thermal performance 34652 vary depending many factors, among them: ambient operating temperature (TA). type board-whether single layer multilayer, heat sinks not, etc.-all which affects value junction-to-ambient thermal resistance (RJA). value desired load current (ILOAD). When choosing overcurrent limit, certain guidelines need followed make sure that load current running close overcurrent limit 34652 does into thermal shutdown. good practice parameters that resulting maximum junction temperature below thermal shutdown temperature safe margin. Equation following page used calculate maximum allowable overcurrent limit based maximum desired junction temperature vice versa.
Figure Start-Up Timer Protection Against Undervoltage Faults
OVERVOLTAGE
When voltage exceeds overvoltage rising threshold more than overvoltage fault detected start-up conditions (list page violated. 34652 turns Power MOSFET deactivates power good output signals, thus disabling load. 34652 stays this state until voltage falls below overvoltage falling threshold more than signaling that supply voltage normal operation range. Then start-up sequence initiates described page overvoltage detection circuit also equipped with hysteresis when default mode. hysteresis value depends overvoltage detection threshold calculated follows:
VOVHY (RISING) (1.3 VOVCHY)
waveforms overvoltage fault shown Figure page
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FUNCTIONAL DEVICE OPERATION PROTECTION FEATURES
power dissipation device calculated follows: I2(LOAD) RDS(ON) [TJ(max) TA(max)] Combining equations: I2(LOAD) (max) TA(max)] [RJA RDS(ON)] example: TA(max) 55°C 51°C/W four-layer board RDS(ON) 0.251 high temperatures Then: I2(LOAD) (max) 55°C] [51°C/W 0.251 I2(LOAD) (max) 55°C] 12.80°C overcurrent limit then maximum junction temperature 106.2°C, which well below thermal shutdown temperature that allowed. previous explanation applies steady state power when device normal operation. During charging process, power dominated across Power MOSFET. When charging starts, power Power MOSFET rises reaches maximum value then quickly ramps back down steady state level period governed size load's input capacitor that being charged value charging current limit ICHG. this case instantaneous power dissipation much higher than steady state case, very short time. Table Thermal Resistance Data
Type Junction Ambient Junction Ambient Junction Ambient Junction Ambient Junction Ambient Junction Ambient Junction Ambient Junction Board Junction Case Junction Package Junction Lead Condition
example: ICHG default value CLOAD very large capacitor VPWR worst case Then: power pulse magnitude ICHG VPWR power pulse duration CLOAD VPWR ICHG Figure displays temperature profile device under instantaneous power pulse during charging process. Table depicts thermal resistance values different board configurations.
60.0 50.0
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40.0 30.0 20.0 10.0 (m(ms) Time illisec)
Figure Instantaneous Temperature Rise
Symbol RJMA
Value
Unit °C/W °C/W °C/W °C/W °C/W °C/W °C/W °C/W °C/W °C/W °C/W
Single-layer board (1s), JEDEC JESD51-2 with board (JESD51-3) horizontal Four-layer board (2s2p), JEDEC JESD51-2 with board (JESD51-3) horizontal Single-layer board with radiator surface, standard JEDEC Single-layer board with radiator surface, standard JEDEC Four-layer board with each thermal lead, standard JEDEC Four-layer board with radiator surface full array vias between radiator surface, standard JEDEC Four-layer board with radiator surface full array vias between radiator surface, standard JEDEC Thermal resistance between board JEDEC JESD51-8 Thermal resistance between case Temperature difference between package junction JEDEC JESD51-2 Thermal resistance between junction thermal lead, standard JEDEC
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Temperature Rise (°C) Temperature Rise
TYPICAL APPLICATIONS
TYPICAL APPLICATIONS
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Figure Typical Application Diagram with External Components Necessary Program Device
PLUG-IN CARD
UNDERVOLTAGE OVERVOLTAGE DETECTION
pins used monitor input voltage ensure that within operating range that there overvoltage undervoltage conditions, quickly turn Power MOSFET there are. pins connected internal comparators that compare voltages pins with reference voltage. pins left unconnected default threshold values their trip point user threshold values externally with simple voltage divider using resistors between VPWR (resistors Figure 19). default mode, 34652 equipped with internal resistor divider that acts same external one. typical default values turn-off threshold (falling threshold) turn-off threshold (rising threshold) will give typical operating range This range suitable telecom industry standards. When device passes UVLO threshold, checks there external resistor divider connected pins. there determines value UV/OV thresholds accordingly. there not, defaults internal resistor divider. then uses UV/OV detection circuits check input supply levels before turning Power MOSFET during Start-Up Timer delay thereafter. long voltage above falling threshold voltage below rising threshold, supply within operating range Power MOSFET allowed turn stay drops below falling threshold rises above rising threshold, then start-up conditions (refer page list) violated Power MOSFET turns off, power good signals deactivate, start-up
33652
VPWR
Application Dependent Enable/Enable CLOAD DC/DC Converter
DISABLE TIMER ICHG
VOUT ILIM
Figure Typical Application Diagram with Default Settings Minimal External Components 34652 also programmed different values Overcurrent Limit, Charging Current Limit, StartUp Retry Delay Timer, detection thresholds using external components connected device. Figure shows 34652 with required external components that allow access programmable features device.
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34652 resides plug-in board (see Figures 19), allowing board safely inserted removed without damaging electrical equipment. 34652 operated with external components other than power good output signal pull-up resistor default mode selected programmable features. This great advantages 34652: operates with minimal user interface minimal external component count still offers complete swapping functionality with necessary protection features, from undervoltage/ overvoltage detection, current limiting, short circuit protection power good output signaling. default values were chosen sufficient many standard applications. Figure typical application diagram depicting default mode using power good output signal pull-up resistor. Refer static dynamic electrical characteristics tables pages through various default values.
PLUG-IN CARD
33652
VPWR VOUT ICHG ILIM RILIM
Application Dependent Enable/Enable CLOAD DC/DC Converter
Live Backplane
DISABLE TIMER RTIMER
CICHG
Live Backplane
RICHG
TYPICAL APPLICATIONS
timer initiates. detection circuits equipped with filter filter momentary input supply dips. Filter capacitors between pins between pins could also added adjust UV/OV filter time prevent more transients from affecting device's operation, especially input supply noise. Guidelines Choosing Resistor Divider Values total current flowing resistors equal supply voltage divided total series resistance. supply voltage reach device will still normal operation, resistors connected drawing current. resistor values should chosen high enough allow reasonable current pass through them dissipate power cause input noise that would trip detection circuit. Another consideration whether values resistors readily available. tolerance resistors should better accurate reading. Note Accuracy requirements application dependent. demonstrate importance accuracy resistors, let's look system with operating range falling rising example. This operating range will scaled down device's internal circuitry operate UV/OV detection circuits. scale factor 31.6 57.1 Taking overvoltage example, this means that every change represents 0.29 change trip point supply. Which says that error resistors being accurate will result error 0.29 trip point, depending close operating rising threshold device might detect condition turn Power MOSFET prematurely. same argument applies pin. Example Calculations Resistor Values following equations examples calculating resistor values using same operating range previous paragraph: (RISING) (VOV (RISING) (VUV (RISING) 1.3)) (VOV (RISING) (RISING) Where (RISING) (RISING) Note Some iteration required right values also standard resistor values. recommended maximum value series resistance between UV/OV pins VPWR Here have equations three unknowns. select value then from first equation: 8.72 closest standard resistor value 8.66 Now, from second equations solve 7.18 closest standard resistor value 7.15
three-resistor divider, which recommended approach, could produce acceptable resistor values, user consider separate resistor dividers, divider each from VPWR VIN. advantage tworesistor dividers approach that user trip points thresholds independently.
TIMER
TIMER 34652 gives user control over time base used generate timing sequences startup. same timer controls retry delay when device experiences fault. TIMER left unconnected default timer value user connect external resistor (RTIMER) between TIMER pins, shown Figure page timer value externally. After device passes UVLO threshold continuously after that, 34652 checks TIMER external components determine value timer. During start-up fault occurred, this timer value used when initiating start-up sequence. Choosing External Resistor RTIMER Value user change value Start-Up Delay Timer TIMER) adding resistor (RTIMER) between TIMER pins, shown Figure page timer value ranges between 1000 with default value Table lists examples RTIMER different values TIMER Figure page shows plot RTIMER versus TIMER recommended that closest standard resistor value actual value chosen. Note Accuracy requirements application dependent. calculate value RTIMER resistor following equations: TIMER (ms) (ms) [RTIMER RTIMER TIMER (ms) (ms) Table RTIMER Values Some Desired TIMER Values
TIMER (ms) RTIMER TIMER (ms) 1000 RTIMER
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TYPICAL APPLICATIONS
RTIMER Rtimer (kohm)r
DISABLING ENABLING 34652
Disable control input (DISABLE) provides functions: External enable/disable control. Manual resetting device retry counter after fault occurred. Using DISABLE pin, user enable /disable 34652 device, which facilitates easy access connect load disconnect from main power rail. When power first applied, DISABLE must inactive order 34652 initiate start-up sequence. DISABLE active, device makes further steps until inactive. DISABLE activated point during start-up thereafter during normal operation, then retry counter resets, Power MOSFET turns off, power good output signals deactivate. DISABLE circuit equipped with filter filter glitches transients DISABLE input prevent Power MOSFET from turning prematurely. DISABLE referenced VPWR left open connected VPWR, meaning voltage DISABLE between VPWR VPWR inactive device enabled. positive voltage (1.8 above VPWR) negative voltage (1.8 below VPWR) applied DISABLE, active device disabled.
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1000
1200
ttim
TIMER (ms)
Figure External Resistor (RTIMER) Value Versus Start-Up Retry Delay Timer Value TIMER)
POWER GOOD OUTPUT SIGNALS
power good pins output pins that used directly enable power module load. device active high active power good output signals. Choosing which power good active signal depends Enable signal requirement load. This feature allows 34652 adapt different applications wide variety loads. power good output signal active Power MOSFET fully enhanced device normal operation. signal goes active after typical delay. signal deactivates following occurs: Power turned off. device disabled more than device exceeded thermal shutdown threshold more than device overvoltage undervoltage mode more than Load current exceeded overcurrent limit more than When power good output signal becomes inactive, disables load, protecting from faults damage. These loads usually converters, depicted Figure page also connected indicate that power good. pins referenced require pull-up resistor connected VPWR (Figures page 18).
CHARGING CURRENT LIMIT
When device passes UVLO threshold, checks there external resistor external capacitor connected ICHG pin. there then determines value charging current limit value charging current limit rise time accordingly. there not, uses default charging current limit value rise time Note Users allowed connect external capacitor ICHG only external resistor also connected. During external components' check, capacitor produces impulse current external resistor will detected, even external resistor absent. When Power MOSFET turned current limit gradually from ICHG. This current charges load capacitor relatively slowly. When load capacitor fully charged, Power MOSFET reaches full enhancement, which triggers current limit change from ICHG ILIM load current decrease. power good output signals activate after delay, which turn enables load. 34652 normal operation mode retry counter resets.
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TYPICAL APPLICATIONS
RICHG RICHG (kohm)
charging current value ICHG intended limit temperature increase during load capacitor charging process, gradual rise ICHG prevent transient dips input voltage sharp increases limit current. This prevents input voltage from drooping current steps acting input line inductance, that turn prevents premature activation detection circuit. Choosing External Resistor RICHG Value user change value charging current limit adding resistor (RICHG) between ICHG pins, shown Figure page charging current value ranges between with default value Table lists examples RICHG different values ICHG Figure shows plot RICHG versus ICHG recommended that closest standard resistor value actual value chosen. Note Accuracy requirements application dependent. calculate value RICHG resistor following equations: ICHG RICHG RICHG ICHG Table RICHG Values Some Desired ICHG Values
ICHG 0.05 0.15 0.25 0.35 0.45 RICHG 15.35 32.10 48.85 65.60 82.35 99.10 115.85 135.60 149.35 166.10
ICHG
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Figure External Resistor (RICHG Value Versus Charging Current Limit Value (ICHG) Choosing External Capacitor CICHG Value user also change charging current rise time adding capacitor (CICHG) between ICHG pins, shown Figure page charging current rise time ranges between (default value) recommended maximum Table lists examples CICHG different values ICHGR Figure shows plot CICHG versus ICHGR. calculate value CICHG capacitor following equation: CICHG(nF) 1000 ICHGR(ms) RICHG(k) Table CICHG Values Some Desired ICHGR Values Specific ICHG Value
ICHGR (ms) CICHG (nF) ICHG 0.05 21.72 43.43 65.15 86.86 108.58 130.29 152.01 173.72 195.44 217.16 CICHG (nF) ICHG 10.38 20.77 31.15 41.54 51.92 62.31 72.69 83.07 93.46 103.84 CICHG (nF) ICHG 2.01 4.01 6.02 8.03 10.03 12.04 14.05 16.05 18.06 20.07
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TYPICAL APPLICATIONS
ICHG 0.05 ICHG
ICHG (nF) CICHG (nF)
different requirements operating environments. overcurrent value ranges between 0.35 2.25 with default value Table lists examples RILIM different values ILIM Figure shows plot RILIM versus ILIM. recommended that closest standard resistor value actual value chosen. Note Accuracy requirements application dependent. calculate value RILIM resistor following equations: ILIM RILIM RILIM ILIM (A)]
ICHG ICHG
ICHG ICHG
Table RILIM Values Some Desired ILIM Values
ILIM 0.35 RILIM 367.65 321.52 256.93 213.88 183.12 160.06 142.12 127.77 116.02 106.24 97.96 90.86 ILIM 2.25 RILIM 84.71 79.33 74.58 70.36 66.58 63.18 60.11 57.31 56.01
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ICHGR TICHGR(ms)
Figure Charging Current External Capacitor (CICHG) Versus Charging Current Rise Time ICHGR)
OVERCURRENT LIMIT
When normal operation mode, 34652 monitors load compares (with hysteresis) current going through Sensor MOSFET with reference current value generated reference current limit value ILIM. current going through Sensor MOSFET becomes larger than reference current more than overcurrent signal asserted, gate Power MOSFET discharged fast less than regulate current, 34652 overcurrent mode after filter time device still overcurrent mode, device turns Power MOSFET deactivates power good output signals. 34652 then initiates another start-up timer goes back through enhancement process. during timer fault cleared where load current less than ILIM minus hysteresis value, which ILIM value, then 34652 goes back normal operation mode power good output signals stay activated. This device overcomes temporary overcurrent situations same time protects load from more severe overcurrent situations. When device passes UVLO threshold, checks there external resistor connected ILIM pin. there determines value overcurrent limit. there not, uses default overcurrent limit value then uses Sensor MOSFET monitor load overcurrent conditions during operation explained previous paragraph. Choosing External Resistor RILIM Value user change current limit adding resistor (RILIM) between ILIM pins, shown Figure page This 34652 device adaptable
RILIM (kohm)) ILIM
Figure External Resistor (RILIM) Value Versus Current Limit Value (ILIM)
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TYPICAL APPLICATIONS
SHORT CIRCUIT DETECTION
current going through load becomes Power MOSFET discharged very fast less than regulate current, 34652 overcurrent mode Then follows pattern outlined Overcurrent Limit paragraph above.
3500 3000 2500
Energy (mJ)
Estimated Area =1.7
POWER MOSFET ENERGY CAPABILITY
Figure shows projected energy capability device's internal Power MOSFET under drain source voltage ambient temperature 90°C. compared energy levels required capacitive loads discharge periods respectively. clear that Power MOSFET well exceeds required energy capability three cases with sufficient margin. example, capacitor load with discharge time requires energy capability about 1540 which well below Power MOSFET capability about 3500 result this analysis, 33652 expected more than meet energy capability requirements possible capacitive loads.
2000 1500 1000 Time (ms)
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Figure Projected Energy Capability Power MOSFET Compared Required Energy Levels
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PACKAGING PACKAGE DIMENSIONS
PACKAGING
PACKAGE DIMENSIONS
Important most current revision package, visit www.freescale.com perform keyword search "98A" drawing number below:
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SUFFIX (Pb-Free) 16-PIN SOIC NARROW BODY PLASTIC PACKAGE 98ASB42566B ISSUE
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REVISION HISTORY
REVISION HISTORY
REVISION
DATE 2/2006 6/2006
DESCRIPTION CHANGES Changed Document Order Changed DISABLE Input Current Changed Overcurrent Limit Steady State text page page Updated PACKAGE DIMENSIONS page Updated current Freescale format style Added Part Number MCZ34652 Ordering Information Removed Peak Package Reflow Temperature During Reflow (solder reflow) parameter from Maximum Ratings page Added Note Freescale's Package Reflow capability meets Pb-free requirements JEDEC standard J-STD-020C. Peak Package Reflow Temperature Moisture Sensitivity Levels (MSL), www.freescale.com, search part number [e.g. remove prefixes/suffixes enter core view orderable parts. (i.e. MC33xxxD enter 33xxx), review parametrics. page
2/2007
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MC34652 Rev. 2/2007
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Negative Voltage Swap Controller with Enhanced Programmability 34

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