Contents Introduction What Expect From LK204-24-USB What Expect From L
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LK204-24-USB Technical Manual Revision:
Contents Introduction What Expect From LK204-24-USB What Expect From LK204-24-USB Keypad Interface Setup Testing Trying LK204-24-USB Trying Keypad 1.6.1 Here's what
Connections Connector Pinout 2.1.1 Power 2.1.2 Power 3.5" floppy cable 2.1.3 Communications 2.1.4 Alternate Communications 2.1.5 Serial Communication 2.1.6 Headers General Purpose Outputs 2.2.1 Advanced General Purpose Outputs GPO's 2.2.2 Advanced Power Select 2.2.3 2.2.4 Dallas 1-Wire Bridge General Built Character Font Writing Text Display Text Commands 2.6.1 Auto Line Wrap (254 67)(R) 2.6.2 Auto Line Wrap (254 68)(R) 2.6.3 Auto Scroll (254 81)(R) 2.6.4 Auto Scroll (254 82)(R) 2.6.5 Cursor Position (254 [column][row]) 2.6.6 Send Cursor Home (254 2.6.7 Turn Underline Cursor (254 74)(R) 2.6.8 Turn Underline Cursor (254 75)(R) 2.6.9 Turn Block (blinking) Cursor (254 83)(R) 2.6.10 Turn Block (blinking) Cursor (254 84)(R) 2.6.11 Cursor Left (254 2.6.12 Cursor Right (254 Matrix Orbital LK204-24-USB
Keypad Interface General Connections Keypad Commands 3.3.1 Auto Repeat Mode (254 126[mode])(R) 3.3.2 Auto Repeat Mode (254 96)(R) 3.3.3 Auto Transmit Keypresses (254 65)(R) 3.3.4 Auto Transmit Keypresses (254 79)(R) 3.3.5 Clear Buffer (254 3.3.6 Poll Keypad (254 3.3.7 Debounce Time (254 [time])(R)
Graphs Special Characters Command List 4.1.1 Initialize Wide Vertical Graph (254 118) 4.1.2 Initialize Narrow Vertical Graph (254 115) 4.1.3 Draw Vertical Graph (254 [column][height]) 4.1.4 Initialize Horizontal Graph (254 104) 4.1.5 Draw Horizontal Graph (254 [column][row][dir][length]) 4.1.6 Define Custom Character (254 [c][8 bytes]) 4.1.7 Remember Custom Character (254 [c][8 bytes]) Commands Display Return Protocol Commands 5.2.1 General Purpose Output (254 [gpo 5.2.2 General Purpose Output (254 [gpo 5.2.3 Value (254 [fan [PWM value]) 5.2.4 Return (254 [fan 5.2.5 Remember State (254 [fan [PWM value]) 5.2.6 Base Frequency (254 [index]) 5.2.7 Remember Base Frequency (254 [index])
1-Wire Commands Device Identification Protocol Commands Display 1-Wire functions 6.4.1 Transaction command (254 [flags] [Send Bits] [Recieve bits] [Send data]) 6.4.2 Search command (254 Miscellaneous Commands Command List 7.1.1 Remember (254 [0|1]) 7.1.2 Clear display (254 7.1.3 Contrast (254 [contrast]) 7.1.4 Contrast save (254 145[contrast]) Matrix Orbital
LK204-24-USB
7.1.5 7.1.6 7.1.7 7.1.8 7.1.9 7.1.10 7.1.11 7.1.12 7.1.13
Backlight (254 66[minutes]) Backlight (254 Backlight Brightness (254 153[brightness]) Save Backlight Brightness (254 152[brightness]) Load Startup Screen (254 characters]) Read Module Type (254 Serial Number (254 [byte1][byte2]) Read Serial Number (254 Read Version Number (254
Appendix: Command Summary General Issuing Commands Numbers 8.3.1 ASCII Characters Text Commands Keypad Interface Commands Graphs Special Characters Commands Miscellaneous Commands
Appendix: Specifications Options Specifications Options Appendix: Glossary
Matrix Orbital
LK204-24-USB
Introduction
LK204-24-USB equipped with following features; column line text display Built font with provision user defined characters communication serial communication modules same host Fully buffered that delays transmission should ever necessary Ability customized splash start screen "Remember" functions save settings Software controlled contrast Software controlled backlight brightness Backlight with configurable time-out setting minutes keypad with buffer general purpose outputs variety applications Advanced general purpose outputs power general purpose ouputs Horizontal vertical graphs Power data from cable Extended temperature option perfect Matrix Orbital's inserts without modifications Dallas 1-wire Bridge
What Expect From LK204-24-USB
LK204-24-USB designed display unit associated controller. controller anything from single board, special purpose micro-controller depending application. This controller responsible what displayed screen display. display provides simple command structure which allows texts graphs displayed screen. Text fonts built standard ASCII mapping. Provision made user defined characters. screen backlit light situations. Backlighting turned under program control. Contrast adjustable compensate differing lighting conditions viewing angles. General purpose outputs allow controller switch electronic electro-mechanical devices issuing commands display unit. These used controlling LEDs, relays, etc.
What Expect From LK204-24-USB
display does include bitmap graphics capability, except that permitted defining special characters. Matrix Orbital LK204-24-USB
Keypad Interface
keypad interface takes column input converts ASCII characters, which delivered port associated controller. NOTE keypad used directly control aspect operation display. display acts simply matrix serial converter.
Setup Testing
Before setting application, best test display. This easily done with following list requirements testing; available powered source Drivers which located Matrix Orbital's website e-CD Test software such Alpha Demo Display Tuner
Figure Connections Testing Once above test requirements have been met, user proceed with following steps; Refer diagram above following steps. Download copy drivers into directory. Uncompress files. They will self extracting file. Connect cable display computer. Windows will give prompt drivers Serial Device. Select "Specify location", navigate directory file uncompressed Test display. LK204-24-USB
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Trying LK204-24-USB
unit should connected backlight custom startup screen should come program such Hyperterm experiment with typing text. Make certain it's configured correct port. baud rate 19,200 turn flow control off. Once this complete, typing some characters keyboard. characters should appear display screen. Alpha Demo, Display Tuner MOGD excellent basic display tests.
Trying Keypad
Since number different keypad types connected display, results little unpredictable. this point user should make certain keypad interface work, possibly generate ASCII programming needs. keypad interface display converts column connection ASCII character. default, keypress transmitted serial data immediately. Keypad buffering selected using appropriate commands. keypad should matrix style momentary switches. possible simulate strokes shorting column pin.
1.6.1
Here's what
should running terminal program, such Hyperterm. With display connected plug keypad. connector fewer pins than display, centre well possible. NOTES keypad connector must wired with columns side rows other side center connector. keypad isn't wired this user will need make adapter rewire connector meet this requirement. connector reversible. Reversing connector will damage keypad display, will however, change ASCII character Press keypad. upper case ASCII character (A-X) should appear screen. Different keys should generate different characters. experiment, reverse connector generates more logical characters. Ultimately program controller will have 'map' these characters ones marked keypad, which will likely different. Matrix Orbital LK204-24-USB
Connections
Connector Pinout
Refer Figure below this chapter.
Figure Electrical Connections
Table Connectors Functions Connector dual header header Alt. White Header Function General Purpose Outputs Output Receive Transmit outputs Keypad Communication Power Alternate Power Header Optional High Power Power Input
Matrix Orbital
LK204-24-USB
Table Mating Connectors Connector White Header Header Dual Header Rx/Tx Header Alt. White Header Part 173979 MOLEX 43009 MOLEX 42375 MOLEX 42375 MOLEX 42375 MOLEX 67068 MOLEX 42375 171825-4 Mate Part 173977 MOLEX 7879 Many, MOLEX 70058 Many, MOLEX 70058 Many, MOLEX 70058 Standard cable Many, MOLEX 70058 170205-1
2.1.1
Power
High power ports supply 500mA power. power devices, such un-powered hubs, only supply 150mA power. Please sure observe total power usage display when connected port. display will require between 150mA 250mA depending model number GPOs being used. Table Power Levels Power High Power Maximum Power 20mA 1000mA. Please note; unmodified host only supply maximum 500mA high power output only 150mA power. 1000mA
+12V High Power
Power applied cable alternate header. Power requirement ±0.25V 180mA minimum. WARNINGS When using alternate header, verify cable outs before applying power. Incorrect power application damage display host. Make sure host capable supplying necessary power. display power requirement power used total power requirement.
Matrix Orbital
LK204-24-USB
display secondary power connector used High Power GPOs. Only user planning using +12V, should user plug unmodified 3.5" floppy power cable.
Figure Header
Table Connector Pinout Description +5.0 (normally from power supply) Ground Ground +12.0 (normally from power supply)
Make certain have sufficient current capacity handle desired load. Each High Power source over 750mA.
2.1.2
Power 3.5" floppy cable
Figure Jumper Locations Matrix Orbital LK204-24-USB
Figure Jumpers display powered port external power. Soldering Jumper removing Jumper will allow power supplied externally. advantage this display will power right away, allowing fans start, example, without waiting power display. addition, advanced GPOs position power will drawn from external power rather than port, thus allowing higher current draw. NOTE Jumpers from factory.
2.1.3
Communications
standard type header provided display communication. cable provides power data display. There ways communicating display. Under Windows, user will have direct access display drivers create virtual Port (VCP). With VCP, Port gets created Windows. Under control panel user options device, including speed. Windows Windows Windows 2000, Windows drivers have been tested work. drivers also available Apple OS-X, OS-8, OS-9. Linux drivers available well, have been tested will Matrix Orbital able provide support them. more information please visit
FA00 FA01 FA02 FA03 FA04
Matrix Orbital
0403
8bit, parity, stop bit. Speed: 19.2 Kb/s.
Table
Description Serial Communication VK202-24-USB VK204-24-USB
LK204-24-USB
2.1.4
Alternate Communications
Figure Alternate
Table Connector Pinout Number Description Ground Used D+5V
Matrix Orbital
LK204-24-USB
2.1.5
Serial Communication
Figure Header display also talked (logic +5V) levels. This will allow communications through 4-pin header. Communicating Serial will bypass components power will required provided this header. 8bit, parity, stop bit. Speed: 19.2 Kb/s. NOTE power communicate Serial same time.
2.1.6
Headers
headers provide visual indication communication over line connected. LEDs blink frequency will increase amount data increases. headers current limited 20mA +5V. This feature only works with communication will work with Serial TTL.
General Purpose Outputs
display number general purpose outputs variety applications. Matrix Orbital LK204-24-USB
Figure Header
2.2.1
Advanced General Purpose Outputs GPO's
These outputs capable controlling high current draw devices, saving power state, being switched mode, repeat back Hall effect sensor.
Figure GPOs Matrix Orbital LK204-24-USB
WARNINGS reading should used There current limiting resistors Maximum current draw 1000mA Firmware Revision 1.1, default frequency 19.1Hz Default voltage setting
2.2.2
Advanced Power Select
Volt
Volt
Figure High Power Select
When jumper placed high power position, unit supplies +12V advanced GPOs. jumper placed power position supplied GPOs. 12V, external power supplied 3.5" floppy connector will required. Matrix Orbital LK204-24-USB
2.2.3
Figure General Purpose Outputs GPO's power ouputs providing 20mA enforced current limiting resistors. They ideal driving LEDs relays directly.
2.2.4
Dallas 1-Wire Bridge
display offers Dallas 1-wire bridge. headers inter-connected communication line. maximum 1-wire devices connected display time.
Figure 1-Wire Pinout
General
Text displayed LK204-24-USB using built matrix font, addition user defined characters. Matrix Orbital LK204-24-USB
Built Character Font
display includes built matrix font with full range ASCII characters plus variety extended characters, shown Figure below.
Figure Character
addition built characters, users define special characters, which once defined, occupy positions 0x00 0x07 above chart. display does have provision download other fonts. Matrix Orbital LK204-24-USB
Writing Text Display
When display receives character, displays that character position currently defined. next character sent module then advances following position display. Characters drawn using built font, only characters defined font actually displayed. Characters which defined built font print space. position where text inserted character location stored display's volatile memory maintained internally display's firmware. This position manipulated commands shown following section.
Text Commands
this section commands identified their names decimal values. Some commands marked with "R", Remembered" defaults that will effect each time unit powered
2.6.1
Auto Line Wrap (254 67)(R)
Enables automatic line wrapping. Note that this word 'word wrapping' wraps occur middle word.
2.6.2
Auto Line Wrap (254 68)(R)
Disables automatic line wrapping. Characters beyond line lost.
2.6.3
Auto Scroll (254 81)(R)
When auto scrolling causes display shift entire display's contents make room line text when text reaches scroll position, which bottom right character position.
2.6.4
Auto Scroll (254 82)(R)
When auto scrolling disabled, text will wrap left corner display area. Existing text display area erased before text placed. series 'spaces', followed "Cursor home" command, used erase line text. Matrix Orbital LK204-24-USB
2.6.5
Cursor Position (254 [column][row])
This command sets cursor position (text insertion point) [column] [row] specified. Columns have values from (0x01 0x14) rows have values (0x01 0x02).
2.6.6
Send Cursor Home (254
This command moves cursor position (text insertion point) left display area.
2.6.7
Turn Underline Cursor (254 74)(R)
Turns underline cursor. cursor shows current text insertion point. Both underline blinking cursors turned independently. cursor default.
2.6.8
Turn Underline Cursor (254 75)(R)
Turns underline cursor. Does affect blinking block cursor.
2.6.9
Turn Block (blinking) Cursor (254 83)(R)
Turns blinking block cursor. cursor shows current text insertion point. Both blinking underline cursors turned independently. cursor default.
2.6.10
Turn Block (blinking) Cursor (254 84)(R)
Turns blinking block cursor. Does affect underline cursor.
2.6.11
Cursor Left (254
Moves cursor position left does erase character that that position. Note that this command moves text insertion point even cursor turned off.
NOTE 'destructive backspace', which erases character left original position, done issuing following sequence: cursor left, space, cursor left.
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LK204-24-USB
2.6.12
Cursor Right (254
Moves cursor position right does erase character that that position. Note that this command moves text insertion point even cursor turned off.
Keypad Interface
This chapter describes keypad interface associated commands detail.
General
display keypad interface processes keypad column matrix into serial data byte stream. Aside from this processing, keypad effect display. send keystrokes display, they must routed through controller.
Connections
connector 'keyed', keypad will probably plug either ways. display will damaged reversing connector. However, keypad will generate different ASCII character mapping each position. connector fewer than pins should centered pins connector. Pins through columns, Pins through rows. keypad scanned wherever passed; there continuous scan. This means that keypresses dealt with immediately without appreciable latency. This also prevents electrical noise which often caused continuous scans.
NOTE Please note that keypads laid different pattern. this case, user will need interpret codes differently. Matrix Orbital LK204-24-USB
COLUMN
COLUMN
Figure Keypad Connector
COLUMN
COLUMN
COLUMN
COLUMN
Table Keypad Layout Columns
Rows
NOTE keypad connector must wired with columns side rows other side centre connector. keypad isn't wired this user will need make adapter rewire connector meet this requirement.
Keypad Commands
Some commands, marked with "R", "Remembered" defaults that will effect each time unit powered
3.3.1
Auto Repeat Mode (254 126[mode])(R)
[mode]=0x00 gives Resend Code mode [mode]=0x01 gives Down Code mode modes auto repeat available same command.
Resend Mode: This mode similar action keyboard this mode, when held down, code transmitted, immediately followed second delay. down codes: This code used when typematic parameters "Resend code" mode unacceptable unit being operated polled mode. host system detects press stimulates auto repeat inside host system until release detected.
this mode, when held down, code transmitted immediately other codes will sent until released. release key, release code transmitted will value equal down code plus hex. example, code associated with "P"(0x50) pressed, release code "p"(0x70). Matrix Orbital LK204-24-USB
Figure Poll Timing
3.3.2
Auto Repeat Mode (254 96)(R)
This command turns auto repeat mode
3.3.3
Auto Transmit Keypresses (254 65)(R)
this mode, keypresses sent immediately host system without poll keypad command. This default mode power
3.3.4
Auto Transmit Keypresses (254 79)(R)
this mode, keypresses buffered until unit polled host system poll keypad command. Issuing this command places unit polled mode.
3.3.5
Clear Buffer (254
This command clears unread keypresses. menuing application, user presses which changes menu context, following presses inaccurate cleared buffer between menu changes prevent jumping around menu tree. also used effect, reset keypad case host application resets whatever reason.
3.3.6
Poll Keypad (254
host system must receive codes. When display receives this command will immediately return unbuffered keypresses which have been read already. there more than keypress buffered, then high order (MSB) this returned keycode will (1). this only buffered keypress, then will reset (0). there buffered keypresses, then returned code will 0x00. Please note, order make this command, "Auto transmit keypress" mode should off. Matrix Orbital LK204-24-USB
3.3.7
Debounce Time (254 [time])(R)
This command sets time between press read. types with exception latched piezo switches will 'bounce' varying time depending their physical characteristics. default debounce time module about which adequate most membrane keypads.
Graphs Special Characters
display includes ability draw graphs (either horizontal vertical) allows users define eight special characters. Eight characters (ASCII values 0x00 0x07) aside with graphs, user defined characters, numbers. Since same characters used each function, functions used simultaneously. characters defined redefined time issuing commands shown this section. Once defined, they used either means graph commands, simply issuing ASCII values 0x00 0x07, which prefixed command byte, 254.
Command List
4.1.1 Initialize Wide Vertical Graph (254 118)
This command defines special user characters blocks suitable drawing wide pixel) vertical graphs. previously existing definitions will lost. Once this command been issued, number vertical graphs drawn unless characters redefined another command.
4.1.2
Initialize Narrow Vertical Graph (254 115)
This command defines special user characters blocks suitable drawing narrow pixel) vertical graphs. previously existing definitions will lost. Once this command been issued, number vertical graphs drawn unless characters redefined another command.
4.1.3
Draw Vertical Graph (254 [column][height])
Draws vertical graph [column] having height [height] pixels. height range from (0x00 0x14) pixels. necessary characters must first initialized either commands shown section 4.1.1 4.1.2, which will determine width graph. graph erased drawing graph height=0 same column. Matrix Orbital LK204-24-USB
4.1.4
Initialize Horizontal Graph (254 104)
This command defines special user characters blocks suitable drawing horizontal graphs. previously existing definitions will lost. Once this command been issued, number horizontal graphs drawn unless characters redefined another command.
4.1.5
Draw Horizontal Graph (254 [column][row][dir][length])
Draws horizontal graph [row] starting [column] with length [length] pixels. [row] have value 0x01 0x02, column range from 0x01 0x14 length from 0x00 0x64 100) graph extend full width screen. Each column pixels wide (spaces between columns don't count). [dir] specifies direction: 0x00 goes from left right, 0x01 goes from right left.
4.1.6
Define Custom Character (254 [c][8 bytes])
display allows user defined (custom) characters. These characters occupy first (0x00 0x07) places character set. Custom characters occupy pixel matrix. Built characters 5x8; bottom pixels normally reserved underline cursor. underline cursor should turned bottom pixels forms part custom character. characters defined issuing command followed bytes define character. character number (0x00 0x07). bytes mapped shown Table below.
Table Byte Data Byte Data Byte Data Byte Data Byte Data Byte Data Byte Data Byte Data Byte
indicates "on" (black) pixel, while indicates "off" (clear) pixel. Once defined, character displayed simply issuing value (0x00 0x07) corresponding character number. character will laid follows; Matrix Orbital LK204-24-USB
EY@2 EY@2 EY@2 EY@2 V)@2 V)@2 ghf)AeYW 88c0
Matrix Orbital
4.1.7
Example degree symbol;
This command will store custom character used with "Custom startup screen". does affect alter current custom characters that stored unit. syntax identical previous command.
Display Return Protocol
facilitate reporting information other than keypresses, "Display return protocol", (DRP) developed. This protocol allows display return arbitrary information back controller. This
Commands
NOTE Custom characters will erased "Initialize graph" commands issued.
Remember Custom Character (254 [c][8 bytes])
Table Character Values
LK204-24-USB
protocol used reading speeds retrieving 1-wire information. basic structure protocol described Table below.
Table Display Return Protocol Offset (Bytes) Length (Bytes) 1-127 Value 0x23 0x2A Description Preamble Continued Size Packet Type Packet Data
first bytes standard preamble separate protocol from returned keypresses. next byte described Table below. CONT flag specifies that data will continued next packet. lower seven bits contains size data section excluding four byte header. type specifies what type information contained packet. Finally, data returned specific packet type.
Table Continued Size Byte Description Continued
Packet Size
Table Display Return Protocol Types Decimal 0x31 0x52 ASCII Description 1-Wire data data
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LK204-24-USB
Commands
5.2.1 General Purpose Output (254 [gpo
This command turns general purpose outputs. [gpo
5.2.2
General Purpose Output (254 [gpo
This command turns general purpose outputs. [gpo
5.2.3
Value (254 [fan [PWM value])
This command sets high power GPOs (GPOs 1-4) into mode. This permits speed control fan. value off, power, full power. fan#
5.2.4
Return (254 [fan
This command will return packet host with contained structure described Table below. Table Return Structure Offset Size Description 0x232A 0x03 0x52 Period (MSB first)
convert period into value, follow following formula; 18750000
Where period, number ticks that produces period. number ticks usually unknown fans some experimentation required. NOTE recommended that checked more than once every seconds. checked more frequently, actual readings become very erratic.
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LK204-24-USB
5.2.5
Remember State (254 [fan [PWM value])
This command will startup state GPOs. When device powered next time, GPOs will values from this command. GPOs behaves exactly Value command. GPOs non-zero value value make future startups. value will result being off. This command does affect current state GPOs fans, just power
5.2.6
Base Frequency (254 [index])
NOTE This command added Firmware Version 1.1. present previous versions.
This command sets base frequency modulation. index selects present frequency shown following Table.
Table Base Frequencies Index Frequency 19.1 38.2 76.3 152.6 305.2 610.4 1220.7 2441.4 4882.9 9765.8 Steps
frequency increases,the number valid states will decrease. example, with index there only states. Matrix Orbital LK204-24-USB
Table Example Values Index Input -127 128- 192- Actual 100%
Frequencies range 9.6Hz 38.2Hz desirable control they minimize noise modulation. visual applications such controlling cold cathode lights, frequencies 76.3Hz 305.2Hz desirable minimize flicker.
5.2.7
Remember Base Frequency (254 [index])
NOTE This command added Firmware Version 1.1. present previous versions.
This command will frequency startup. does alter current base frequency. Refer "Set base frequency" command valid values index.
1-Wire Commands
1-wire capable communicating with many devices over single wire plus ground reference. This chapter deals with capabilities display brief introduction 1-Wire standard. more detail consult
Device Identification
Each 1-wire device contains unique 64-bit address which identify them with. address guaranteed unique from other device, allowing virtually unlimited number devices attached bus. address itself contains family code cyclic redundancy check (CRC). family code unique particular device model. example, family code DS18S20 temperature probes 10H. byte included verification that correct address transmitted received.
Protocol
transaction sequence accessing 1-wire device follows; Matrix Orbital LK204-24-USB
Reset detect presence. command, followed required data exchange. Device specific function command, followed required data exchange. Before communication begin, must reset force devices begin listening. After reset, devices will transmit presence pulse which indicates that there least device bus. Once presence least device been confirmed, master must select which group devices will involved rest transaction. device will command determine following transaction intended not, device will ignore communication until next reset. Otherwise, device will read process rest transaction. final part transaction device specific function command. determine what functions your device will respond consult devices' data sheet. very important follow this sequence every transaction. these steps omitted performed wrong order, devices will respond. None device addresses known ahead time, such, each their address must searched determined. 1-wire provides means searching devices determining their address.
Commands
commands allow device singled communication devices included. This manual only presents three most used commands. more detailed listing description commands, consult data sheet 1-wire device being used. Match [55h]: single device Match command used. After this command been issued 64-bit target address transmitted order. device with address that doesn't match will ignore further communication until next reset. Skip [CCh]: After this command, devices will continue listen process transaction. This equivalent broadcasting devices. This command useful when probes need informed their measurement ready. With this command probes instructed simultaneously. Read [33h]: devices will begin transmitting their address after this command. This command will only succeed when there device bus. When multiple devices present, devices will begin transmitting their addresses, overlapping each other. This command used determine there more than device bus. After address been read back, valid, there only device bus. Otherwise there multiple devices each address must searched out.
Display 1-Wire functions
transaction command allows data onto read transactions. search command identifies devices further communication. Matrix Orbital LK204-24-USB
6.4.1
Transaction command (254 [flags] [Send Bits] [Recieve bits] [Send data])
transaction command will perform single transaction 1-wire this order; Reset. Transmit data onto bus. Receive data from bus.
Table 1-Wire Transaction Offset (Bytes) Length (Bytes) Name Flags Send Bits Description flag byte controls optional components transaction. number bits that will transmitted onto bus. actual bits transmitted held Send Data section. number bits read after data been sent. data transmitted onto bus. data transmitted order that they received.
Variable
Recieve Bits Send Data
Table 1-Wire Flags Description Unused future compatibility) CRC8 transmitted data Unused future compatibility) Assume last received byte CRC8 validate Reset before transaction
received data sent back using "Display return protocol". return type will 0x31 '1', error codes described Table below. Matrix Orbital LK204-24-USB
Table 1-Wire Error Codes Code 0x00 0x01 0x02 0x03 Description Success Unknown 1-Wire command devices Fatal search error
6.4.2
Search command (254
This used find addresses 1-Wire devices bus. After this command display will return more "Display return protocol" packets containing either error code addresses 1-wire packets. structure these packets shown Table below.
Table Search Return Packet Offset (Bytes) Length (Bytes) Description 0x232A Preamble. 0x8A Packet bytes long, another address will follow. 0x0A Packet bytes long, this last address. 0x31 1-Wire Packet Type Error Code (0x00 success) 1-Wire Address CRC8 0x00 means last address valid.
Miscellaneous Commands
commands listed this chapter don't readily other categories, used more than category.
Command List
Some commands, marked with "R", "Remembered" defaults that will effect each time unit powered Matrix Orbital LK204-24-USB
7.1.1
Remember (254 [0|1])
This command allows number settings, such cursor state, backlight, etc., automatically stored non-volatile memory, they become defaults. command should only used when required reasons; Writing non-volatile memory time consuming slows down operation display. Non-volatile memory 'write limit' only changed approximately 100,00 times. Commands which used with remember function marked with default column command tables. example shows procedure "Auto scroll default condition. Commands shown both decimal Table below. Table Command Example Decimal Function Turn "Remember" function Turn auto scroll. Since "Remember" this setting will saved non-volatile memory Turn "Remember" function
number commands entered between "Remember ON", "Remember OFF" commands, settings will memorized.
7.1.2
Clear display (254
This command clears display resets text insertion point left screen.
7.1.3
Contrast (254 [contrast])
This command sets display's contrast [contrast], where [contrast] value between 0x00 0xFF (between 255). Lower values cause "on" elements display area appear lighter, while higher values cause "on" elements appear darker. Lighting conditions will affect actual value used optimal viewing. Individual display modules will also differ slightly from each other appearance. addition, values optimal viewing while display backlight differ from values used when backlight off.
7.1.4
Contrast save (254 145[contrast])
This command works exactly same "Set contrast" command. only difference that saves contrast value non-volatile memory module, whereas previous command Matrix Orbital LK204-24-USB
only changes value until next power down.
7.1.5
Backlight (254 66[minutes])
This command turns backlight time [minutes] minutes. [minutes] zero (0), backlight will remain indefinitely.
NOTE factory default backlight
7.1.6
Backlight (254
This command turns display off.
7.1.7
Backlight Brightness (254 153[brightness])
This command sets display's backlight brightness.
7.1.8
Save Backlight Brightness (254 152[brightness])
This command saves [brightness] default.
7.1.9
Load Startup Screen (254 characters])
This command sets memorizes startup screen which will appear each time display turned default screen shows; Table Default Screen Matrix Orbital LK204-24-USB
characters define four character rows screen. Matrix Orbital LK204-24-USB
Table Default Screen Character Character Character Character Character Character Character Character
sending more then characters stored, ~10ms character delay. Predefined custom characters used "Startup screen" well, using 0x00 through 0x07 characters.
7.1.10
Read Module Type (254
This command will return model type value module byte value. Values various modules time this publication follows; Table Module Values LCD0821 0x01 LCD4021-0x06 LK204-25-0x09 VFD2041 0x0C VK204-25 0x0F GLK24064-25 0x15 LK402-12 0x33 LK202-24-USB 0x36 VK204-24-USB 0x39 LCD2021 0x03 LCD4041 0x07 LK404-55 0x0A VFD4021 0x0D GLC12232 0x10 GLK12232-25 0x22 LK162-12 0x34 VK202-24-USB 0x37 LCD2041 0x05 LK204-24-USB 0x08 VFD2021 0x0B VK202-25 0x0E GLC24064 0x13 LK404-AT 0x31 LK204-25PC 0x35 LK204-24-USB 0x38
7.1.11
Serial Number (254 [byte1][byte2])
Modules delivered with serial number blank. this case user desired byte serial number using this time only command. Upon execution this command, module will echo these bytes back over RS-232 interface. serial number only once. future attempt execute this command will result change module will return originally serial number.
7.1.12
Read Serial Number (254
This command will return byte value. Matrix Orbital LK204-24-USB
7.1.13
Read Version Number (254
This command will return byte value.
Appendix: Command Summary
General
operation LK204-24-USB controlled simple consistent command set. Commands control; Text display Graphic display Keypad interface Miscellaneous operating parameters
This chapter includes summary tables commands.
Issuing Commands
Commands issued display controller. test setup, commands issued display means BASIC program, using chr$() function. tables below, commands shown hex, ASCII decimal form. commands begin with prefix character 0xFE (254 decimal). These commands issued serial communications link USB, currently defined baud rate. example (using BASIC setup), user could issue command clear screen display including line;
with user could (using Zcomm serial library)
Numbers
Like computerized devices, display operates with commands values form binary numbers. These binary numbers arranged digit (i.e., bit) groups called bytes. decimal value byte have value from 255. Bytes usually specified either decimal hexadecimal (base form convenience, since binary numbers confusing deal with directly. Hexadecimal (hex) numbers particularly convenient because exactly hexadecimal digits make byte, each digit representing binary digits bits) shown Tale below. Matrix Orbital LK204-24-USB
UT8a2
Table Value Table Binary 0000 0001 0010 0011 0100 0101 0110 0111 Decimal Binary 1000 1001 1010 1011 1100 1101 1110 1111 Decimal
Based table, byte 01001011 represented which usually written 4Bh, 4BH, 0x4B. numbers expressed decimal form preferred.
8.3.1
ASCII Characters
Since computers deal internally with numbers only, externally with both letters numbers, several schemes were developed 'map' written characters numeric values. such scheme become universal; American Standard Code Information Interchange, ASCII. ASCII tables readily available from number sources. examples will here; Table Example ASCII Table letter letter number number value value value value decimal decimal decimal decimal
This gives rise possibility confusion when parameters being display. example, commands number indicate which being controlled. We're told that acceptable values such parameters must numeric values (i.e., actual byte values). send ASCII number mistake will actually give value decimal hex) parameter, which wrong. tables given following sections ASCII characters shown 'A', with single quotes.
Text Commands
Syntax tables below given hex, decimal decimal with ASCII, that order, line. Matrix Orbital LK204-24-USB
NOTE letter default column indicates that this state saved nonvolatile memory with "Remember" command.
Table Text Commands Command Auto line wrap Auto line wrap Auto scroll Syntax Default Notes Enables line wrapping (not word wrap). Disables line wrapping. Enables scroll bottom screen. Text will push display line make room line. Disables auto scroll. Text will wrap left overwrite existing text. Moves cursor specified column row. cursor marks text insertion point this commands. This command moves cursor left display area. Turns underline cursor. Turns underline cursor. Turns blinking block cursor.
Auto scroll
[col][row] [col][row] [col][row]
cursor position
Send cursor home
LK204-24-USB
Underline cursor Underline cursor Block cursor
Matrix Orbital
Command Block cursor Cursor left
Syntax
Default
Cursor right
Notes Turns blinking block cursor. Moves cursor position left. cursor already beginning line will move other line. Moves cursor position right. cursor already line will move beginning other line.
Keypad Interface Commands
NOTE letter default column indicates that this state saved nonvolatile memory with "Remember" command.
Table Keypad Interface Commands Command Auto repeat mode Syntax [0x00 0x01] [0|1] "~"[0|1] Default Notes Applies keypad only. 0x00 typematic, 0x01 down/key codes sent. Applies keypad only.
Auto repeat mode
Matrix Orbital
LK204-24-USB
Command Auto transmit presses
Syntax
Default
Auto transmit presses Clear buffer Poll keypad
Notes Sets auto transmit mode keypad. presses transmitted host without polling. keypresses buffered until polled. Clear unread keypresses. Returns buffered keypresses application. Returns 0x00 presses. High order unless this last/only press. Resolution: 0.6554 [time] numeric multiplier.
debounce time
[time] [time] [time]
Graphs Special Characters
commands this section used define display graphs special characters. Table Graphs Special Characters Command Initialize thick vertical graph Initialize thin vertical graph Initialize horizontal graph Syntax LK204-24-USB Notes Initialize user character make wide vertical graphs. Initialize user character make narrow vertical graphs. Initialize user character make horizontal graphs.
Matrix Orbital
Command Define custom character Draw vertical graph
Syntax [c][8 bytes] [c][8 bytes] [c][8 bytes] [col][length] [col][length] "="[col][length] [c][r][d][length] [c][r][d][length] [c][r][d][length]
Draw horizontal graph
Notes Defines custom "user" characters. Character number between 0x00 0x07. Draws vertical graph column [col] length [length]. Length measured pixels (0x00 0x14). User must first command initialize characters. Draws horizontal graph starting column with direction [d](0 right, left) length [length]. Length measured pixels (0x00 0x64 starting column User must first command initialize characters.
Commands
Table Commands Command General purpose output Syntax Default Notes This command turns General Purpose Outputs. [gpo#] This command turns General Purpose Outputs. [gpo#] This command sets high power GPOs (GPOs 1-4) into mode. This command will return packet host with contained
General purpose output
Value
Return
Matrix Orbital
LK204-24-USB
Command Remember state base frequency (New Firmware Revision 1.1) Remember base frequency (New Firmware Revision 1.1)
Syntax [index] [index]
Default
[index] [index]
Notes This command will start state GPOs. This command sets base frequency modulation. This command will frequency startup.
Miscellaneous Commands
NOTE letter default column indicates that this state saved nonvolatile memory with "Remember" command.
Table Miscellaneous Commands Command Remember Syntax [0|1] [contrast] [contrast] [contrast] Default Notes Turns "remember" function [0]. Clears screen text graphics, places text cursor left. Sets display contrast. Compensates viewing angle. Contrast value between (hex FF). Larger darker.
Clear display
contrast
0x80
Matrix Orbital
LK204-24-USB
Command contrast save
Syntax [contrast] [contrast] [minutes] [minutes] [minutes]
Default 0x80
Backlight
Backlight backlight brightness backlight brightness save
[brightness] [brightness] [brightness] [brightness] char] char] char]
0xFF 0xFF
Notes Same "set contrast" saves [contrast] default. Backlight will stay [minutes]. [minutes] backlight will stay permanently. Turns backlight. Sets display backlight brightness. Same "Set backlight brightness" saves [brightness] default. Loads startup screen characters). Screen remembered subsequent power ups. Turns general purpose output OFF. [gpo from Turns general purpose output [gpo from Reads module type.
Load startup screen
Matrix Orbital LK204-24-USB
General purpose output
[gpo [gpo [gpo [gpo [gpo [gpo
General purpose output
Read module type
table
Matrix Orbital
LK204-24-USB
Command serial number
Syntax [byte1][byte2] [byte1][byte2] [byte1][byte2]
Default
Read serial number
[full][empty] [full][empty] [full][empty]
Read version number
Enter flow control mode
Exit flow control mode
Notes This onetime-use command which works only units without factory serial numbers. Reads byte serial numbers module. Reads firmware version number module. Sets "full" "empty" marks byte display buffer. When buffer reaches [full] display will return 0xFE host. When buffer reaches [empty] display will return OxFF. Turns flow control.
Matrix Orbital
LK204-24-USB
Appendix: Specifications Options
Specifications
Table Environmental Specifications Operating Temperature Storage Temperature Operating Relative Humidity Standard Temperature +50C -20C +70C non-condensing
Table Electrical Specifications Supply Voltage Supply Current Supply Backlight Current 4.75 typical typical
Table Optical Characteristics Number characters Matrix format Display area Character size Character pitch Line pitch size pitch Backlight life Colour Illumination characters lines) with underline 82.2 18.20 3.20 5.55 (XxY), including underline 5.95 0.60 0.65 (XxY) 0.65 0.70 (XxY) 100, hours typical Yellow Green, Blue, Inverse Blue, Inverse Red, Inverse Yellow.
Matrix Orbital
LK204-24-USB
Figure Physical Layout
Matrix Orbital
LK204-24-USB
Options
Table Options Available LK204-24-USB Inverse Yellow; black backlight with yellow text Inverse Blue; blue backlight with white text White backlight with grey glass (Ice blue) Inverse Red; backlight with white text
Appendix: Glossary
Table Appendix: Glossary ASCII American Standard Code Information Interchange. binary code representing English alphabet, decimal numbers common punctuation marks. Also includes control character such carriage return text. superset standard ASCII codes often used today include foreign characters other symbols. These supersets often called extended ASCII character sets. backlit display illuminated from behind provide nighttime improved daytime readability. (data signaling) transmission rate RS232 device. number written using binary notation, which only uses zeros ones. smallest unit information computer work with. Each either Binary digit. representation, consisting rows columns dots, graphics image computer memory. value each (whether filled not) stored more bits data. grouping eight binary bits. Cold Cathode Fluorescent Lamp. high brightness backlighting source consists fluorescent tube powered high voltage A.C. source.
Backlight Baudrate Binary Number Bitmap
Byte CCFL
Matrix Orbital
LK204-24-USB
Configuration
Contrast Controller DB-9 Firmware
Font Font Metric Hexadecimal
Interface Module Type Value Pixel Pre-Generated Fonts Primitive
RS-232
system assortment components that make system. Configuration refer either hardware software, combination both. ratio luminance between light state display dark state display. micro-controller used control Matrix Orbital display unit. designation connector used RS232 interface: connector Software (programs data) that been written onto read-only memory (ROM). Firmware combination software hardware. ROMs, PROMs EPROMs flash EEPROMs that have data programs recorded them firmware. design characters. font combination typeface other qualities, such size, pitch, spacing. definition where font placed, such margins spacing between characters lines. Refers base-16 number system, which consists unique symbols: numbers letters example, decimal number represented hexadecimal numbering system. hexadecimal system useful because represent every byte bits) consecutive hexadecimal digits. easier humans read hexadecimal numbers than binary numbers. means which systems interact. Liquid Crystal Display This refers model number module. smallest individually controllable element display. Pre-determined fonts which downloaded into graphic liquid crystal displays. low-level object operation from which higherlevel, more complex objects operations constructed. graphics, primitives basic elements, such lines, curves, polygons, which combine create more complex graphical images. Short recommended standard-232C, standard interface approved Electronic Industries Association (EIA) connecting serial devices.
Matrix Orbital
LK204-24-USB
Scroll
Serial Number Serial Port Version Number Volatile Memory
view consecutive lines data display screen. term scroll means that once screen full, each line appears bottom edge screen other lines move position. number that series used identification module. port, interface, that used serial communication, which only transmitted time. This refers firmware revision number module. Temporary memory. Once power supply turned volatile memory then erased.
Matrix Orbital
LK204-24-USB
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