PART NUMBER: VPOL16A-12W-SMT DESCRIPTION: point load converter
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PART NUMBER: VPOL16A-12W-SMT
DESCRIPTION: point load converter
features industry standard high efficiency switching frequency 9.0-14 wide input range 0.75-5.0 wide output range over temperature protection continuous short circuit protection remote on/off cost-efficient open frame design UL/C-UL60950 certified output voltage sequencing (tracking) power good signal
INTRODUCTION VPOL16A-12W-SMT CONVERTER FEATURES GENERAL DESCRIPTION Electrical Description Thermal Packaging Physical Design. TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS MAIN FEATURES FUNCTIONS Operating Temperature Range Over-Temperature Protection (OTP) Output Voltage Adjustment Safe Operating Area (SOA) Over Current Protection Remote ON/OFF UVLO (Under-Voltage Lockout)
SAFETY Input Fusing Safety Considerations. APPLICATIONS Layout Design Challenges. Convection Requirements Cooling Thermal Considerations Power De-Rating Curves Efficiency Load Curves Input Capacitance Power Module Test Set-Up Remote Sense Compensation VPOL16A-12W-SMT Series Output Voltage Adustment. 7.10 Output Ripple Noise Measurement 7.11 Output Capacitance 7.12 VPOL16A-12W-SMT Reflow Profile MECHANICAL OUTLINE DIAGRAMS VPOL16A-12W-SMT Mechanical Outline Diagrams VPOL16A-12W-SMT Tape Reel Dimensions
20050 112th Ave. Tualatin, Oregon 97062 phone 503.612.2300 503.612.2382
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PART NUMBER: VPOL16A-12W-SMT
DESCRIPTION: point load converter
converter also protected against over-temperature conditions.
Introduction
This application note describes features functions V-Infinity's VPOL16A-12W-SMT series Isolated DC-DC Converters. These highly efficient, reliable compact, high power density, single output DC/DC converters. These "Point Load" modules serve needs specifically fixed mobile telecommunications computing market, employing economical distributed Power Architectures. VPOL16A-12W-SMT series provide precisely regulated output voltage range from 0.7525V 5.0Vdc over wide range input voltage (Vi=6.0 14Vdc) operate over ambient temperature range -40°C +85°C. Ultra-high efficiency operation achieved through synchronous rectification drive control techniques. modules fully protected against short circuit overtemperature conditions. V-Infinity's world class automated manufacturing methods, together with extensive testing qualification program, ensure that VPOL16A-12W-SMT series converters extremely reliable.
converter overloaded ambient temperature gets high, converter will shut down protect unit.
+VIN
sense
+SENSE
PGood ON/OFF
trim
TRIM
Figure Electrical Block Diagram
Thermal Packaging Physical Design.
VPOL16A-12W-SMT series uses multi-layer construction. surface mount power components placed side PCB, low-power control components placed other side. Thus, Heat dissipation power components optimized, ensuring that control components thermally stressed. converter open-frame product case case pin. open-frame design several advantages over encapsulated closed devices. Among these advantages are: Efficient Thermal Management: heat removed from heat generating components without heating more sensitive, small signal control components. Environmental: Lead free open-frame converters more easily re-cycled. Cost Efficient: encapsulation. Cost efficient open-frame construction. Reliable: Efficient cooling provided open frame construction offers high reliability easy diagnostics.
VPOL16A-12W-SMT Converter Features
High efficiency topology, typically 5.0Vdc Industry standard footprint Wide ambient temperature range, -40C +85C Cost efficient open frame design Programmable output voltage external resistor from 0.7525 5.0Vdc minimum load requirement (Stable loads) Remote ON/OFF Remote sense compensation Fixed switching frequency Continuous short-circuit protection over current protection Over-temperature protection (OTP) Monotonic Startup with pre-bias output. UL/IEC/EN60950 Certified. Output Voltage Sequencing( Tracking Power Good Signal (Option)
General Description
Electrical Description
block diagram VPOL16A-12W-SMT Series converter shown Figure Extremely high efficiency power conversion achieved through synchronous rectification drive techniques. Essentially, powerful VPOL16A-12W-SMT series topology based non-isolated synchronous buck converter. control loop optimized unconditional stability, fast transient response very tight line load regulation. typical pre-bias application VPOL16A-12W-SMT series converters draw reverse current start-up. output voltage adjusted from 0.7525 5.0vdc, using TRIM with external resistor. converter shut down remote ON/OFF input that referenced ground. This input compatible with popular logic devices; 'positive' logic input supplied standard. Positive logic implies that converter enabled remote ON/OFF input high floating), disabled low.
20050 112th Ave. Tualatin, Oregon 97062 phone 503.612.2300 503.612.2382
rev. page date
PART NUMBER: VPOL16A-12W-SMT
DESCRIPTION: point load converter
Technical Specifications
(All specifications typical nominal input, full load 25°C unless otherwise noted.) PARAMETER ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
Input Voltage Continuous Operating Temp erature Thermal Considerations Section Storage Temperature
NOTES CONDITIONS
Device
Min.
Typical Max.
Units
+125
INPUT CHARACTERISTICS
Operating Input Voltage Input Under-Voltage Lockout Turn-On Voltage Threshold Turn-Off Voltage Threshold Lockout Hysteresis Voltage Maximum Input Current Vin=0 14Vdc Io=Io,max. Vo=0.7525V Vo=1.2V Vo=1.5V Vo=1.8V Vo=2.0V Vo=2.5V Vo=3.3V Vo=5.0V Shutdown input idle current Vo=4.5V Vo=5.0V
No-Load Input Current
Converter Input Current Inrush Current Input Reflected-Ripple Current
thru inductor, 20MHz
OUTPUT CHARACTERISTIC
Output Voltage Point Output Voltage Trim Adjustment Range Output Voltage Regulation Load Regulation Line Regulation Tempera ture Coefficient Output Voltage Ripple Noise Peak-to-Peak External Capacitive Load Operating Output Current Range Output Current-Limit Inception Shout Circuit Protection Sequency Slew Rate Capability Sequencing Delay Time Tracking Accuracy Power Good Signal Power Power down Asserted Logic High Suffix Output Voltage =90% Nominal Output Voltage Continuous with Hiccup Mode dVSEQ/dt V/ms Io=Io.min Io.max Vin=low line high line Ta=-40° 85°C 20MHz bandwidth Full Load, ceramic 10uF tantalum Full Load, ceramic 10uF tantalum 19.2 8000 -0.5 -0.2 -0.03 +0.5 +0.2 +0.03 Vin=Nominal Io=Io.max, Tc=25° Selected external resistor -1.5% Vo,set +1.5% 0.7525
20050 112th Ave. Tualatin, Oregon 97062 phone 503.612.2300 503.612.2382
rev. page date
PART NUMBER: VPOL16A-12W-SMT
DESCRIPTION: point load converter
Error Brand Setting Time (within Vout nominal)
Step Load Change, di/dt=2.5A/us Step Load Change, di/dt=2.5A/us
EFFICIENCY
Vo=0.7525V Vo=1.2V Vo=1.5V Vo=1.8V Vo=2.0V Vo=2.5V Vo=3.3V Vo=5.0V Non-isolation
100% Load
ISOLATION CHARACTERISTICS
Input Output
FEATURE CHARACTERISTICS
Switching Frequency ON/OFF Control, Positive Logic Remote On/Off Logic (Module Off) Logic High (Module VPOL16A-12W-SMT Open Circuit VPOL16A-12W-SMT 1.3x0.53 x0.346 inches(33.0x13.46x8.8 0.92 hours grams
ON/OFF Control, Negative Logic Remote On/Off Logic (Module Open Circuit Logic High (Module Off) ON/OFF Current (for both remote on/off logic) Leakage Current (for both remote on/off logic) Turn-On Delay Rise Time Turn-On Delay Time, From On/Off Control Turn-On Delay Time, From Input Output Voltage Rise Time Over Temperature Protection Ion/off Von/off =0.0V Logic High, Von/off=14V Von/off 10%Vo,set Vin,min. 10%Vo,set 10%Vo,set 90%Vo,set
GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS
MTBF Weight Dimensions Io=100%of Io.max;Ta=2 MIL-HDBK217F
20050 112th Ave. Tualatin, Oregon 97062 phone 503.612.2300 503.612.2382
rev. page date
PART NUMBER: VPOL16A-12W-SMT
DESCRIPTION: point load converter
Main Features Functions
Operating Temperature Range
V-Infinity's VPOL16A-12W-SMT series converters highly efficient converter design resulted ability operate over wide ambient temperature environment -40°C 85°C). consideration must given de-rating curves when ascertaining maximum power that drawn from converter. maximum power drawn influenced number factors, such Input voltage range. Output load current. velocity (forced natural convection). Mounting orientation converter with respect Airflow. Motherboard design, especially ground power planes. These effective heat sinks converter.
removed. power module will supply 150% rated current. event over current converter will into hiccup mode protection.
Remote ON/OFF
remote ON/OFF input feature converter allows external circuitry turn converter OFF. Active-high remote ON/OFF available standard. VPOL16A-12W-SMT turned remote ON/OFF high(=Vin), left open. Setting low(<0.4Vdc) will turn converter `Off'. signal level remote on/off input defined with respect ground. using remote on/off pin, leave open (module will on). part number suffix Negative remote ON/OFF version. unit guaranteed over full temperature range this voltage level exceeds 2.8Vdc. converters turned on/off input (<0.4Vdc) left open. recommended VPOL16A-12W-SMT remote on/off drive circuit shown figure
Over-Temperature Protection (OTP)
VPOL16A-12W-SMT Series converters equipped with nonlatching over-temperature protection. temperature sensor monitors temperature spot (typically, switch). temperature exceeds threshold 130°C (typical) converter will shut down, disabling output. When temperature decreased converter will automatically restart. over-temperature condition induced variety reasons such external overload condition system failure.
+Vin Remote ON/OFF
ON/OFF Control
VPOL16A-12W-SMT
Common Common
Output Voltage Adjustment
Section describes detail trim output voltage with respect point. output voltage models trimmable range 0.7525 5.0Vdc.
Figure Positive Remote ON/OFF Input Drive Circuit
Safe Operating Area (SOA)
Figure provides graphical representation Safe Operating Area (SOA) converter. This representation assumes ambient operating conditions such airflow thermal guidelines provided Sections 7.3.
+Vin
VPOL16A-12W-SMT
ON/OFF Control Remote ON/OFF Common Common
Vo,nom VOLTAGE
Figure Negative Remote ON/OFF Input Drive Circuit
Safe Operating Area
Io,max Io,CL CURRENT
Figure Maximum Output Current Safe Operating Area
Over Current Protection
different voltage models have full continuous short-circuit protection. unit will auto recover once short circuit removed. provide protection fault condition, unit equipped with internal overcurrent protection. unit operates normally once fault condition
20050 112th Ave. Tualatin, Oregon 97062 phone 503.612.2300 503.612.2382
rev. page date
PART NUMBER: VPOL16A-12W-SMT
DESCRIPTION: point load converter
UVLO (Under-Voltage Lockout)
voltage determines start operation Converter. When input rises exceeds about 5.0V converter initiates soft start. UVLO function converter hysteresis (about built provide noise immunity start-up.
Power start with signal Input Voltage=12Vdc Master DC/DC output voltage (CH1) 5Vdc Salve DC/DC output voltage (CH2)=3.3Vdc Sequencing voltage= 0.6V/msec
Output Voltage Sequencing (Tracking)
VPOL16A-12W-SMT series including sequencing feature. able implement various types output voltage sequencing customer applications, VPOL16A-12W-SMT series accomplishable through additional sequencing pin. When using sequencing feature, +Vin. When signal voltage applied pin, output voltage tracks this voltage until output reaches point voltage. voltage needs higher than point module. output voltage will follow voltage pin. multiple modules application, connect input signal voltage together apply pin. Customers multiple modules track their output voltages follow voltage pin. control this module sequen cing, when input voltage applied module. on/off left unconnected that module default. After applying input voltage module, minimum 10msec delay required before applying voltage slew rate voltage technical specifications dVSEQ/dt After 10msec delay, Analog voltage applied output voltage module will track this voltage until output voltage reaches point voltage. initiate simultaneous shutdown modules, voltage lowered controlled manner. Output voltage modules track voltages below their set-point voltage voltages. valid input voltage must maintained until tracking output voltages reach ground potential ensure controlled shutdown modules. typical example testing circuit used master DC/DC converter SIP/SMT Module shown below:
+Vin Power Supply Common Common Master DC/DC Converter Load
Figure Example testing circuit sequencing function
Power turn with signal voltage Input Voltage=12Vdc (CH1) Master DC/DC output voltage (CH2) 5Vdc Salve DC/DC output voltage (CH3)=3.3Vdc
Figure Example testing circuit sequencing function
+Vin
VPOL16A-12W-SMT
Common Common
Load
Figure Example testing circuit sequencing function
20050 112th Ave. Tualatin, Oregon 97062 phone 503.612.2300 503.612.2382
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PART NUMBER: VPOL16A-12W-SMT
DESCRIPTION: point load converter
Safety
Input Fusing Safety Considerations.
Agency Approvals: power Supply shall submitted receive formal approval from following test agencies. 1.The power supply shall approved nationally recognized testing laboratory UL/CSA 60950 Edition (North America) EN60950 (International) Certificate from internationally recognized test house accordance with 60950. VPOL16A-12W-SMT series converters have internal fuse. However, achieve maximum safety system protection, always input line fuse. safety agencies require time-delay fuse with maximum rating 20A.
Applications
Layout Design Challenges.
optimizing thermal design utilized heat sink. Also some heat transferred from VPOL16A-12W-SMT module main board through connecting pins. system designer user must ensure that other components metal vicinity VPOL16A-12W-SMT series meet spacing requirements which system approved. resistance inductance layout traces norm should used where possible. consideration must also given proper impedance tracks between power module, input output grounds. recommended VPOL16A-12W-SMT footprint shown figure
Recommended Layout
Dimensions millimetes and(inches) 7.54(0.297) 4.83 4.83 4.83 4.83 3.05 (0.120) 4.83
(0.190) (0.190) (0.190) (0.190) (0.190)
PGood +SENSE TRIM 10.29 (0.405) ON/OFF 0.64 (0.025)
10.92 (0.430) +VIN
Board
29.90 (1.177) SIZE MIN:3.556x2.413(0.140x0.095) MAX:4.19x2.79(0.165x0.110)
Figure Recommended VPOL16A-12W-SMT Footprint
20050 112th Ave. Tualatin, Oregon 97062 phone 503.612.2300 503.612.2382
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PART NUMBER: VPOL16A-12W-SMT
DESCRIPTION: point load converter
Convection Requirements Cooling
predict proximate cooling needed module, refer Power De-rating curves Figure These -rating curves approximations ambient temperatures airflows required keep power module temperature below maximum rating. Once module assembled actual system, module's temperature should checked shown Figure ensure does exceed 120°C. Proper cooling verified measuring power module's temperature Tref shown Figure
Wind Tunnel PWBs
25.4(1.0)
Power Module
Figure Temperature Measurement Location VPOL16A12W-SMT
76.2(3.0)
Thermal Considerations
power module operates variety thermal environments;
Thermocuple Location measuring ambient temperature airflow 12.7(0.5) flow
however, sufficient cooling should provided help ensure reliable operation unit. Heat removed conduction, convection, radiation surrounding environment. thermal data presented based measurements taken set-up shown Figure Figure represents test data. Note that airflow parallel long axis module shown Figure VPOL16A-12W-SMT. temperature Tref location should exceed output power module should exceed rated power module (VO, max). thermal data presented based measurements taken wind tunnel. test setup shown Figure need solder 33mm 40.38mm(1.300'' 1.59'') test pcb. Note that airflow parallel long axis module shown
Note Dimensions millimeters (inches)
Figure Thermal Test Setup
20050 112th Ave. Tualatin, Oregon 97062 phone 503.612.2300 503.612.2382
rev. page date
PART NUMBER: VPOL16A-12W-SMT
DESCRIPTION: point load converter
TYPICAL POWER DERATING Vout
Output Current(A) 0LFM 100LFM 200LFM 300LFM
Ambient Temperature(
NOTE:
specific input output derating curves available, please contact V-Infinity detail
20050 112th Ave. Tualatin, Oregon 97062 phone 503.612.2300 503.612.2382
rev. page date
PART NUMBER: VPOL16A-12W-SMT
DESCRIPTION: point load converter
Efficiency Load Curves
VPOL16A-12W-SMT Vo=5.0V (Eff
100%
VPOL16A-12W-SMT Vo=3.3V (Eff
100%
Efficincy
Efficincy
6.5V
6.0V
Current Load
Current Load
VPOL16A-12W-SMT Vo=2.5V (Eff
100% 100%
VPOL16A-12W-SMT Vo=2.0V (Eff
Efficincy
Efficincy
6.0V
6.0V
Current Load
Current Load
20050 112th Ave. Tualatin, Oregon 97062 phone 503.612.2300 503.612.2382
rev. page date
PART NUMBER: VPOL16A-12W-SMT
DESCRIPTION: point load converter
VPOL16A-12W-SMT Vo=1.8V (Eff
100% 100%
VPOL16A-12W-SMT Vo=1.5V (Eff
Efficincy
Efficincy
6.0V
6.0V
Current Load
Current Load
VPOL16A-12W-SMT Vo=1. (Eff
100% 100%
VPOL16A-12W-SMT Vo=0.75V (Eff
Efficincy
Efficincy
6.0V
6.0V
Current Load
Current Load
20050 112th Ave. Tualatin, Oregon 97062 phone 503.612.2300 503.612.2382
rev. page date
PART NUMBER: VPOL16A-12W-SMT
DESCRIPTION: point load converter
Input Capacitance Power Module
VPOL16A-12W-SMT converters must connected source impedance. avoi problems with loop stability source inductance should low. Also, input capacitors should placed close converter input pins de-couple distribution inductance. However, external input capacitors chosen suitable ripple handling capability. polymers good choice. They have high capacitance, high ripple rating (typical <100mohm). Electrolytic capacitors should avoided. Circuit shown Figure represents typical measurement methods ripple current. Input reflected-ripple current measured with simulated source Inductance 1uH. Current measured input module.
Oscilloscope Power Supply 2*100uF Tantalum 1000uF Electronlyic ESR<0.1ohm +Vin
Line.reg
100%
Where: output voltage maximum input voltage full load. output voltage minimum input voltage full load.
Current Meter
Power Supply
+Vin
+Sense
100uF Voltage Meter
VPOL16A-12W-SMT
Common Common
Load
Figure VPOL16A-12W-SMT Series Test Setup
Remote Sense Compensation
Remote Sense regulates output voltage point load. minimizes effects distribution losses such drops across connecting tracks (see Figure 14). Please note however, maximum drop from output point load should exceed 500mV remote compensation work. amount power delivered module defined output voltage multiplied output current IO). When using TRIM output voltage module will increase which, same output current maintained, increases power output module. Make sure that maximum output power module remains below maximum rated power. When Remote Sense feature being used, leave sense disconnected.
VPOL16A-12W-SMT
Load
Figure Input Reflected-Ripple Test Setup
Test Set-Up
basic test set-up measure parameters such efficiency load regulation shown Figure Things note that this converter non-isolated, such input output share common ground. These grounds should connected together impedance ground plane application circuit. When testing converter bench set-up, ensure that -Vin connected together impedance short ensure proper efficiency load regulation measurements being made. When testing V-Infinitys VPOL16A-12W-SMT series under transient conditions please ensure that transient response source sufficient power equipment under test. calculate Efficiency Load regulation line regulation. value efficiency defined
Figure Circuit Configuration Remote Sense Operation
Distribution Losses +Vin +Sense
VPOL16A-12W-SMT
R-Load
x100%
Common
Where: output voltage, output current, input voltage, input current. value load regulation defined
Common Distribution Losses
Load .reg
Where:
x100%
output voltage full load output voltage load value line regulation defined
20050 112th Ave. Tualatin, Oregon 97062 phone 503.612.2300 503.612.2382
rev. page date
PART NUMBER: VPOL16A-12W-SMT
DESCRIPTION: point load converter
7.11 Output Capacitance VPOL16A-12W-SMT Series Output Voltage Adustment.
output Voltage VPOL16A-12W-SMT adjusted range 0.7525V 5.0V connecting single resistor motherboard (shown Rtrim) Figure When Trim resistor connected output voltage defaults 0.7525V
COPPER STRIPS SCOPE Power Supply 100uF ESR<0.1Ohm VPOL16A-12W-SMT 10uF LOAD
+Vin
Trim
VPOL16A-12W-SMT
R-Load trim-up
Common
Common
Figure Trim-up Voltage Setup
value Rtrim-up defined
Rtrim
10500 1000 0.7525
V-Infinity's VPOL16A-12W-SMT series converters provide unconditional stability with without external capacitors. good transient response output capacitors should located close point load. high current applications point already been made layout considerations resistance inductance tracks. Output capacitors with associated values have impact loop stability bandwidth. V-Infinity's converters designed work with load capacitance up-to 8,000uF. recommended that additional capacitance, typically 1,000uF (<20mohm), connected close point load outside remote compensation point.
Where: Rtri m-up external resistor ohm, desired output voltage example above calculation, voltage 3.3Vdc, Rtrim given
7.12 VPOL16A-12W-SMT Reflow Profile
example VPOL16A-12W-SMT reflow profile given Equipment used: REFLOW HD-350SAR Alloy: AMQ-M293TA C-SMQ92 IND-82088 SN63
REFLOW PROFILE
Rtrim
Rtrim 3.122K
10500 1000 0.7525
TEMPERATURE
various output values various resistors calculated provided Tabl convenience.
TIME (SECONDS)
Vo,set 0.7525
Rtrim (Kohm) Open 22.46 13.05 9.024 7.417 5.009 3.122 1.472
Figure VPOL16A-12W-SMT Reflow Profile
Table Trim Resistor Values
7.10 Output Ripple Noise Measurement
test set-up noise ripple measurements shown Figure coaxial cable with 50ohm termination used prevent impedance mismatch reflections disturbing noise readings higher frequencies. Output Ripple Noise measured with ceramic 10uf tantalum. measured position 50mm 75mm(2" from module.
20050 112th Ave. Tualatin, Oregon 97062 phone 503.612.2300 503.612.2382
rev. page date
PART NUMBER: VPOL16A-12W-SMT
DESCRIPTION: point load converter
Mechanical Outline Diagrams
VPOL16A-12W-SMT Mechanical Outline Diagrams
Dimensions millimeters inches erance: x.xx ±0.02 (0.5mm) x.xxx ±0.010 (0.25 unless otherwise noted
VPOL16A-12W-SMT Tape Reel Dimensions
Reel dimensions VPOL16A-12W-SMT module shown Figure
0.12 (3.05) 0.19 0.19
1.30 (33.0) 0.19
0.297 (7.54) 0.19 0.19 0.065 (1.65)
0.346 (8.80) max.
(4.83) (4.83) (4.83) (4.83) (4.83)
BOTTOM VIEW BOARD
TRIM +SENSE PGood (Option)
0.405 0.530 (10.29) (13.46)
0.063 (1.60) 0.112 (2.84)
+VIN
ON/OFF
SURFACE MOUNT CONTACT
0.075(1.91) 0.048 (1.22) INDUCTOR
Dimensions Inches(millimeters) Tolerances 0.010in(0.25mm),unless otherwise noted.
Figure VPOL16A-12W-SMT Mechanical Outline Diagram
Figure VPOL16A-12W-SMT Tape Reel Dimensions
20050 112th Ave. Tualatin, Oregon 97062 phone 503.612.2300 503.612.2382
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