Honeywell HMC100x HMC102x magnetic sensors two-axis surface mount sens
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2-Axis Magnetic Sensors HMC1001/1002/1021/1022
Honeywell HMC100x HMC102x magnetic sensors two-axis surface mount sensors designed field magnetic sensing. adding supporting signal processing, cost effective magnetometers compassing solutions enabled. small, cost solutions easy assemble high volume designs. Applications HMC100x HMC102x sensors include Compassing,
Navigation Systems, Magnetometry, Current Sensing.
HMC100x HMC102x sensors utilize Honeywell's Anisotropic Magnetoresistive (AMR) technology that provides advantages over coil based magnetic sensors. They extremely sensitive, field, solid-state magnetic sensors designed measure direction magnitude Earth's magnetic fields, from tens micro-gauss gauss. Honeywell's Magnetic Sensors among most sensitive reliable low-field sensors industry.
Honeywell continues maintain product excellence performance introducing innovative solid-state magnetic sensor solutions. These highly reliable, performance products that delivered when promised. Honeywell's magnetic sensor solutions provide real solutions count
FEATURES
Surface Mount 2-Axis Sensors Cost 4-Element Wheatstone Bridges Voltage Operations (2.0V) Available Tape Reel Packaging Patented Offset Set/Reset Straps Wide Field Range +/-6
BENEFITS Easy Assemble Compatible with High Speed Assembly Designed High Volume, Cost Effective Designs Noise Passive Element Design Compatible Battery Powered Applications High Volume Assembly Stray Magnetic Field Compensation Sensor Used Strong Magnetic Field Environments
HMC1001/1002/1021/1022
HMC1001/1002 SPECIFICATIONS
Characteristics Bridge Elements Supply Resistance Operating Temperature Storage Temperature Field Range Linearity Error Vbridge (Vb) referenced Bridge current 10mA bridge Ambient Ambient, unbiased Full scale (FS) total applied field Best straight line gauss gauss sweeps across gauss sweeps across gauss Output variation after alternate pulses Bridge Offset Sensitivity Noise Density Resolution Bandwidth Disturbing Field Sensitivity Tempco Bridge Offset Tempco Bridge Ohmic Tempco Cross-Axis Effect Max. Exposed Field Set/Reset Straps Resistance Current Resistance Tempco Offset Straps Resistance Offset Constant Measured from OFF+ OFFDC Current Field applied sensitive direction 0.39 ohms mA/gauss %/°C Measured from S/R+ S/R0.1% duty cycle, less, 2µsec current pulse 125°C 0.37 ohms %/°C Offset (OUT+) (OUT-) Field gauss after pulse, Set/Reset Current 1Hz, Vb=5V 10Hz Bandwidth, Vb=5V Magnetic signal (lower limit Sensitivity starts degrade. pulse restore sensitivity. 125°C, Vb=8V 125°C, Ibridge=5mA 125°C, Set/Reset 125°C, With Set/Reset 125°C Cross field gauss, Happlied gauss With set/reset perming effect zero reading -0.32 -0.30 -0.06 ±0.03 ±0.001 0.25 ±0.5 10000 gauss -0.28 mV/V/gauss nV/sqrt µgauss gauss %/°C %/°C %/°C 0.05 0.05 1200 0.10 0.10 Volts ohms gauss Conditions* Units
Hysteresis Error Repeatability Error Repeatability
Resistance Tempco 125°C Tested 25°C except stated otherwise.
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HMC1001/1002/1021/1022
HMC1021/1022 SPECIFICATIONS
Characteristics Bridge Elements Supply Resistance Operating Temperature Storage Temperature Field Range Linearity Error Vbridge (Vb) referenced Bridge current 10mA bridge Ambient Ambient, unbiased Full scale (FS) total applied field Best straight line gauss gauss gauss sweeps across gauss sweeps across gauss Offset (OUT+) (OUT-) Field gauss after pulse, Set/Reset Current 0.5A 1Hz, Vb=5V 10Hz Bandwidth, Vb=5V Magnetic signal (lower limit Sensitivity starts degrade. pulse restore sensitivity. 125°C, Vb=5V 125°C, Ibridge=5mA 125°C, Set/Reset 125°C, With Set/Reset 125°C Cross field gauss, Happlied gauss perming effect zero reading -0.32 -0.30 -0.06 ±0.05 ±0.001 0.25 +0.3 10000 -0.28 0.05 0.08 0.08 ±2.5 +11.25 1.25 1100 1300 Volts ohms gauss Conditions* Units
Hysteresis Error Repeatability Error Bridge Offset Sensitivity Noise Density Resolution Bandwidth Disturbing Field Sensitivity Tempco Bridge Offset Tempco Bridge Ohmic Tempco Cross-Axis Effect Max. Exposed Field Set/Reset Straps Resistance Current Resistance Tempco Offset Straps Resistance Offset Constant
mV/V/gauss nV/sqrt µgauss gauss %/°C %/°C %/°C gauss
Measured from S/R+ S/R0.1% duty cycle, less, 2µsec current pulse 125°C
0.37
ohms %/°C
Measured from OFF+ OFFDC Current Field applied sensitive direction
0.39
ohms mA/gauss %/°C
Resistance Tempco 125°C Tested 25°C except stated otherwise.
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HMC1001/1002/1021/1022
PERFORMANCE DATA
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HMC1001/1002/1021/1022
PACKAGE PINOUT SPECIFICATIONS
Arrow indicates direction applied field that generates positive output voltage after pulse.
BASIC DEVICE OPERATION
Honeywell HMC100x HMC102x Anisotropic Magneto-Resistive (AMR) sensors simple resistive Wheatstone bridges measure magnetic fields only require supply voltage measurement. With power supply applied bridges, sensors convert incident magnetic field sensitive axis directions differential voltage outputs. addition bridge circuits, each sensor on-chip magnetically coupled straps; offset strap set/reset strap. These straps Honeywell patented features incident field adjustment magnetic domain alignment; eliminate need external coils positioned around sensors. magnetoresistive sensors made nickel-iron (Permalloy) thin-film deposited silicon wafer patterned resistive strip element. presence magnetic field, change bridge resistive elements causes corresponding change voltage across bridge outputs. www.honeywell.com
HMC1001/1002/1021/1022
These resistive elements aligned together have common sensitive axis (indicated arrows pinouts) that will provide positive voltage change with magnetic fields increasing sensitive direction. Because output only proportion one-dimensional axis (the principle anisotropy) magnitude, additional sensor bridges placed orthogonal directions permit accurate measurement arbitrary field direction. combination sensor bridges three orthogonal axis permit applications such compassing magnetometry. Figure representation magneto-resistive elements.
Permalloy Thin Film
Out-
Easy Axis
Out+
Sensitive Axis
Figure Magneto-Resistive Wheatstone Bridge Elements offset strap allows several modes operation when direct current driven through These modes are: Subtraction (bucking) unwanted external magnetic field, null-ing bridge offset voltage, Closed loop field cancellation, Auto-calibration bridge gain. set/reset strap pulsed with high currents following benefits: Enable sensor perform high sensitivity measurements, Flip polarity bridge output voltage, Periodically used improve linearity, lower cross-axis effects, temperature effects. Offset Straps offset strap spiral metallization that couples sensor element's sensitive axis. offset strap some modest resistance requires moderate current flow each gauss induced field. straps will easily handle currents buck boost fields through linear measurement range, designers should note extreme thermal heating when doing With most applications, offset strap utilized ignored. Designers leave both strap connections (Off- Off+) open circuited. Set/Reset Straps set/reset strap another spiral metallization that couples sensor element's easy axis (perpendicular sensitive axis sensor die). Each set/reset strap resistance with short high required peak current reset pulses. With rare exception, set/reset strap must used periodically condition magnetic domains magneto-resistive elements best reliable performance. pulse defined positive pulse current entering S/R+ strap connection. successful result would sensor aligned forward easy-axis direction that sensor bridge's polarity positive slope with positive fields sensitive axis result positive voltages across bridge output connections. reset pulse defined negative pulse current entering S/R+ strap connection. successful result would sens aligned reverse easy-axis direction that sensor bridge's polarity negative slope with positive fields sensitive axis result negative voltages across bridge output connections. Typically reset pulse sent first, followed pulse milliseconds later. shoving magnetic domains completely opposite directions, prior magnetic disturbances likely completely erased duet pulses. www.honeywell.com
HMC1001/1002/1021/1022
simpler circuits with less critical requirements noise accuracy, single polarity pulse circuit employed periodically (all sets resets). With these uni-polar pulses, several uni-polar pulses become close performance single bipolar set/reset pulse circuit.
NOISE CHARACTERISTICS
noise density curve typical sensor shown figure below. slope nominal corner frequency near 10Hz flattens nV/sqrtHz slope. This approximately equivalent Johnson noise white noise) resistor, typical bridge resistance. relate noise density voltage magnetic fields, following expressions: Vbridge Sensitivity 3.2mV/V/gauss, bridge output (Voutput) 16mV/gauss noise density about 30nV/sqrtHz micro-gauss/sqrtHz noise (0.1 10Hz) sqrt[(ln10/0.1)] 64nV (rms) micro-gauss (rms) micro-gauss (pk-pk) White noise 1kHz) sqrt[BW] 120nV (rms) micro-gauss (pk-pk)
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HMC1001/1002/1021/1022
SET/RESET STRAP OPERATION
reasons perform reset sensor are: recover from strong external magnetic field that likely re-magnetized sensor, optimize magnetic domains most sensitive performance, flip domains extraction bridge offset under changing temperature conditions. Strong external magnetic fields that exceed gauss "disturbing field" limit, come from variety sources. most common types strong field sources come from permanent magnets such speaker magnets, nearby highcurrent conductors such welding cables power feeder cables, magnetic coils electronic equipment such monitors power transformers. Magnets exhibit pole face strengths hundreds thousands gauss. These high intensity magnetic field sources permanently damage sensor elements, elements will disturbed exposed fields rather than required easy axis directions. result this re-magnetization sensor elements, sensor will lack sensitivity indicate "stuck" sensor output. Using reset pulses will magnetically "restore" sensor. sensors also ferromagnetic devices with crystalline structure. This same thin film structure that makes sensor sensitive external magnetic fields also downside that changing magnetic field directions thermal energy over time will increase self-noise sensor elements. This noise, while very small, does impair accurate measurement sub-milligauss field strengths changes field strength microgauss increments. employing frequent reset fields sensor, self-noise will lowest possible level. sensor element temperature changes, either self-heating external environments, each element's resistance will change proportion temperature. eliminate bridge offset voltage make stable magnetic field measurements bridge output voltage between each reset field application. Since external field components bridge output voltage will flip polarity, reset bridge output voltages subtracted result divided calculate bridge offset. application note AN212 details bridge offset voltage computation correction. SET/RESET DRIVE CIRCUITS above description explained that providing pulses electrical current creates needed magnetic fields realign magnetic domains sensor resistive elements. Also rationale performing these reset pulses been justified. following paragraphs shall show when apply these pulsed currents, circuits implement them. Figure shows simplistic schematic set/reset circuit. These reset pulses shown Figure dampened exponential pulse waveforms because most popular method generating these relatively high current, short duration pulses capacitive "charge dump" type circuit. Most electronics, especially consumer battery powered devices, have capability supply these high current pulses from their existing power supply sources. Thus "Vsr" actually charged capacitor that suddenly switched across set/reset strap. value this capacitor usually couple hundred nano-Farads micro-Farads (µF) depending strap resistance driven. decay exponential waveform will mostly governed time constant Tau) that capacitance farads multiplied resistance, measured seconds.
~2µsec
Iset
Ireset
S/R+
Set/Reset Pulse Source
S/R-
Strap Resistance
Figure Simple Set/Reset Circuit www.honeywell.com
HMC1001/1002/1021/1022
next circuit implementation classic set/reset design which push-pull output stage (totem pole stage) drives HMC1001 set/reset strap, with other grounded. Figure shows this circuit.
Volts
IRF7105P 0.1U Rsource Vsource
0.47U
0.47U IRF7105N
Figure Totem Pole Set/Reset Circuit HMC1001 totem pole moniker comes from stacked semiconductors between positive supply voltage (VDD) negative connection (Ground). above example circuit, semiconductors depicted complementary power MOSFETs, with P-channel device N-channel device bottom. International Rectifier IRF7105 part chosen this circuit contains both P-channel N-channel MOSFET very small package, electrical characteristics needed this circuit. Other manufacturers used well with requirements that they fully turned on/off with 5-volt logic stimulus, handle peak set/reset strap load currents, present "on" resistance those peak currents that fairly small comparison connected strap load resistance. HIGHER VOLTAGE TOTEM POLE CIRCUITS While previous example uses convenience standard -volt logic drive modest supplies, many sensor designs require higher applied voltages set/reset straps achieve greater currents because straps series connected assure even current distribution across straps pulsed. creating series chains straps, variances strap resistance less likely fall minimum maximum range peak pulse currents. straps parallel connected, wide set/reset strap ohmic tolerances prone "current hogging" straps will provide dissimilar magnetic fields each sensor, potentially creating non-uniform accuracies each sensor axis. circuit Figure relies MOSFETs that could predictably turned completely using logic level inputs. higher voltages, P-channel device needs gate drive voltage approach source voltage, which higher than usual logic levels. perform this level shifting from logic levels higher pulse source voltage supply levels, level shifter sub-circuit employed perform this task. Figure shows this higher voltage operating circuit. From Figure Rsr1, Rsr2, Rsr3 three strap resistances that modeled from HMC1001 HMC1002 products. Three these strap resistances chosen since many users desire 3-axis magnetic field sensing that comes from pairing HMC1001 HMC1002. Also this combination three series straps also used HMC2003 hybrid sensor module HMR2300 Smart Digital Magnetometer.
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HMC1001/1002/1021/1022
1000
2N2222
IRF7105P
2N2907 1000
Rsr1
Rsr2
1000
0.22U
Rsr3
2N2222
Vset 1N4148
IRF7105N
Vreset
Figure Higher Voltage Set/Reset Circuit HMC1001 HMC1002 three strap resistances chosen ohms, worst-case high resistance points. Since they require minimum amperes peak, series combination requires least 16.2 volts, circuit about volts would about right level drive strap load allocate losses capacitor MOSFET switches C1's value also chosen 0.22 micro-farad circuit time constant least around micro-second. Supply reservoir capacitor chosen many times value also picked small size, working voltage, relative strap load resistance. typically will micro-farad range best error high capacitance side since supplies additional gate drive circuitry. Resistor then chosen after recharge time constant limit peak supply current. These capacitors should chosen have characteristic around ohms capacitor. Working backwards from strap load resistance, MOSFETs chosen IRF7105 total packaged size (both SOIC-8), meeting requirements operating voltages, peak currents, resistances. directly driven from digital logic denoted "Vset", "Vreset" drives level shifting subcircuit Note that Vreset turns first prior being driven Vset, also turned before turned While logic line could control operation Vset Vreset, additional inverter stages pulse delay components space cost consuming compared logic ports microcontroller. Figure Application Note discrete Vset Vreset pulse forming circuit. Transistors Figure chosen generic BJTs force MOSFET X1's gate charge quickly into states. Resistors selected nominal 1000 values that pump dump X1's gate charge supplying with enough base drive currents flip their states. Transistor also chosen generic, reasonably fast switch transistor perform level shift function with resistors Components chosen properly drive from logic level source, with denoted "speed-up" network quickly switch within nanoseconds logic transitions.
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HMC1001/1002/1021/1022
APPLICATION CIRCUITS
following typical application circuits using HMC100x HMC102x sensors. AXIS COMPASS MAGNETOMETER Figure shows typical schematic diagram.
360K 4.99K
LMV324N
4.99K
XOUT
0.1U
VREF
360K 360K 4.99K
LMV324N VREF
HMC1002
LMV324N
4.99K
YOUT
VREF
360K
0.47U
IRF7105P
SR_IN
0.47U
IRF7105N
Figure 2-Axis Compass Magnetometer From Figure typical power supplied nominally volts, with about volts set/reset strap supply (VSR). pair complementary power MOSFETs provides electronic switch functions, driving set/reset minus pins with set/reset plus pins returned MOSFET ground. MOSFETs driven typical volt logic with normally high levels expected when pulsing. Each logic transition creates very high current pulse, high-to-low transitions turn-on P-channel while turning-off N-channel FET. This transfers some energy from 10uf reservoir capacitor pair 0.47uf capacitors while providing positive pulse. negative pulse performed low-to-high logic transition P-channel turned N-channel turned Then energy from pair 0.47uf capacitors discharged through set/reset straps -channel MOSFET. Ceramic capacitors with low-ESR characteristic required best pulse performance. Since sensor output difference voltage amplified cost operational amplifiers with supply voltage feature (LMV324N), amplifier requires half supply voltage reference (VREF). This reference voltage formed buffered rail-splitter circuit, using spare op-amp resistors. nano-farad capacitors used bandwidth limit sensor, suppress interference. resistors around op-amp chosen earth's magnetic field strength (about gauss) levels match with sensor impedance. 4.99k-ohm resistors bridging impedance that normally chosen times larger than sensor bridge resistance elements (HMC1002) ohms. www.honeywell.com
HMC1001/1002/1021/1022
360k-ohm feedback reference resistors chosen provide nominal 230mV/V/gauss gain characteristic 1.15V/gauss gain with volts. Other values than 360k-ohms chosen; with smaller resistances larger fields larger resistances lower field strengths. aware that sensor bridge offsets factor into signal gain selection offsets large signal measured. application note AN212 methods handle bridge offset voltages. magnetometer, circuit outputs (Xout Yout) should measured against VREF scaled 1.15 volts gauss using volt sensor/amplifier power supply (VDD). Since sensor's bandwidth MHz, sampling rate outputs very fast, point were filtering speed amplifiers begins effect measurements. Resolution will mostly size Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC), where 10-bit would spread 1024 counts across power supply tighter. compass, outputs constrain earth's magnetic field measurement horizontal orientations with Xout Yout feeding heading equation arctan (Yout/Xout) degrees. Xout direction HMC1002 should mounted forward direction product proper orientation. tilt-compensated compass desired, third axis could made from spare LMV324N amplifier HMC1001 sensor. Refer technical papers compassing from website more detail compass implementation. Field Detector Current Sensor simple sensor implementation shown Figure single axis sensor signal conditioning circuitry detecting magnetic disturbance, current sensor when placed near current carrying conductor. more details current sensing, application note AN209 website. From Figure HMC1021 sensors different from HMC100x parts that bridge resistances increase 1100 ohms set/reset strap resistance increases ohms. Because minimum set/reset peak current down amperes, set/reset drive circuit common supply rails volts (VDD). increased resistance set/reset strap, capacitor reduced about 0.22uf maintain desired microsecond time constant. Capacitor typically chosen about times series capacitor value, 2.2uf. same pulse transition scheme Figure applies Figure sensor/amplifier circuit likewise similar 1mV/V/gauss sensitivity requires gain boost increasing feedback/reference resistors sensing fields like earth's magnetic field. 3-axis compass designed with HMC102x series sensor, parts like HMC1022 plus HMC1021Z used, with replication difference amplifier stages each axis. choosing Meg-ohm 4.99k-ohm resistors, gain with volt supply produces about 1V/gauss transfer characteristic centered half supply (2.5 volts). instrumentation amplifier could substituted operational amplifier minimize external discrete components, very cost op-amps like LMV741/LMV358/LMV324 family hard beat price more important than printed circuit board footprint. signal output amplifier directly placed input further processed digital form. range spans power supply range, then 10-bit have count 1024 used zero gauss point when output rests half-supply. volt operation required, designer substitute IRF7507 part IRF7105 volt logic drive complementary MOSFET gates.
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HMC1001/1002/1021/1022
1MEG 4.99K
1.1K
1.1K
LMV324N
4.99K
XOUT
1.1K
1.1K
1MEG
HMC1021
2.2U
0.22U
IRF7105P
SR_IN
IRF7105N
Figure Field Detector Current Sensor
MOUNTING CONSIDERATIONS
Stencil Design Solder Paste stencil 100% paste coverage recommended electrical contact pads. Pick Place Placement machine dependant restrictions recommended. Reflow Rework special profile required HMC10xx parts. product compatible with lead no-lead eutectic solder paste reflow profiles. Honeywell recommends adherence solder paste manufacturer's guidelines. sensors reworked with soldering irons, extreme care must taken overheat part's circuit board pads. Irons with temperature greater than 315°C should used. Excessive rework risks copper pads pulling away into molten solder.
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HMC1001/1002/1021/1022
PACKAGE OUTLINES
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HMC1001/1002/1021/1022
ORDERING INFORMATION
Ordering Number HMC1001 HMC1002 HMC1002-TR HMC1021S HMC1021S-TR HMC1021Z HMC1022 HMC1022-TR Product
Axis Magnetic Sensor, 8-pin
Packaging
Tubes Tubes 1,000 Tape Reel Tubes 1,000 Tape Reel Tubes Tape 2,500 Tape Reel
Axis Magnetic Sensor, 20-pin SOIC Axis Magnetic Sensor, 8-pin SOIC Axis Magnetic Sensor, 8-pin Axis Magnetic Sensor, 16-pin SOIC
When ordering product part number represents RoHS compliant. This labeling temporary during transition period from leaded non-leaded parts.
FIND MORE
more information Honeywell's Magnetic Sensors visit online www.magneticsensors.com contact 800-323-8295 (763-954-2474 internationally).
application circuits herein constitute typical usage interface Honeywell product. Honeywell does warranty assume liability customerdesigned circuits derived from this description depiction. Honeywell reserves right make changes improve reliability, function design. Honeywell does assume liability arising application product circuit described herein; neither does convey license under patent rights rights others. U.S. Patents 4,441,072, 4,533,872, 4,569,742, 4,681,812, 4,847,584 6,529,114 7,095,226 apply technology described
Honeywell 12001 Highway Plymouth, 55441 Tel: 800-323-8295 www.honeywell.com
Form #900248 August 2008 ©2008 Honeywell International Inc.
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