SLUS689 JUNE 2006 SINGLE-CHIP Li-Ion/Li-Pol CHARGE MANAGEMENT WIT

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SLUS689 JUNE 2006 SINGLE-CHIP Li-Ion/Li-Pol CHARGE MANAGEMENT WIT

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bq2406x
SLUS689 JUNE 2006
SINGLE-CHIP Li-Ion/Li-Pol CHARGE MANAGEMENT WITH THERMAL REGULATION
FEATURES
Thermal Regulation Maximizes Charge Rate Ideal Low-Dropout Designs Single-Cell Li-Ion Li-Pol Packs Space Limited Applications Integrated Power Current Sensor Charge Applications Reverse Leakage Protection Prevents Battery Drainage ±0.5% Voltage Regulation Accuracy Charge Termination Minimum Current Time Precharge Conditioning With Safety Timer Status Outputs System Interface Indicate Charge, Fault, Power Good Outputs Short-Circuit Thermal Protection Automatic Sleep Mode Power Consumption Small Package Selectable Battery Insertion Battery Absent Detection Input Over-Voltage Protection
DESCRIPTION
bq2406x series highly integrated Li-Ion Li-Pol linear chargers, targeted space-limited portable applications. bq2406x series offers variety safety features functional options, while still implementing complete charging system small package. battery charged three phases: conditioning, constant thermally regulated current, constant voltage. Charge terminated based minimum current. internal programmable charge timer provides backup safety feature charge termination dynamically adjusted during thermal regulation phase. bq2406x automatically re-starts charge battery voltage falls below internal threshold; sleep mode when external input supply removed. Multiple versions this device family enable easy design bq2406x cradle chargers equipment, while using cost high-end adapters.
PINOUT (TOP VIEW)
bq24061/66 STAT1 STAT2
ISET
APPLICATIONS
PDA, Players, Digital Cameras Internet Appliances Handheld Devices
TYPICAL APPLICATION CIRCUIT
bq24061/66 Input Power RTMR 49.9 STAT1 STAT2 ISET 0.47 RSET 1.13 Charge Enable Input Power Status RBAT Li-lon Li-Pol Battery Pack Pack+ Pack-
Please aware that important notice concerning availability, standard warranty, critical applications Texas Instruments semiconductor products disclaimers thereto appears this data sheet.
UNLESS OTHERWISE NOTED this document contains PRODUCTION DATA information current publication date. Products conform specifications terms Texas Instruments standard warranty. Production processing does necessarily include testing parameters.
Copyright 2006, Texas Instruments Incorporated
bq2406x
SLUS689 JUNE 2006
AVAILABLE OPTIONS
Charge Input Over Voltage Voltage 10.5 Termination Enable Safety Timer Enable Power Good Status Enable Pack Temp Pack Voltage Detection (Absent) With timer enabled With timer enabled With termination enabled With timer enabled Devices Marking
bq24060 bq24061 bq24063 bq24064
Preview
bq2406x only available taped reeled. suffix part number quantities 3,000 devices reel (e.g., bq24060BPGR). suffix part number quantities devices reel (e.g., bq24060DRCT). This product RoHS compatible, including lead concentration that does exceed 0.1% total product weight, suitable specified lead-free soldering processes. addition, this product uses package materials that contain halogens, including bromine (Br) antimony (Sb) above 0.1% total product weight.
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
bq2406x Supply voltage with respect Vss) Input voltage STATx, (all with respect Vss) Input voltage OUT, BAT, ISET (all with respect Vss) Output sink current (STATx) Output current (OUT pins) Tstg Operating free-air temperature range Storage temperature range Junction temperature range Lead temperature (Soldering, sec) -0.3 -0.3 V(IN) -0.3 -40°C 125°C -65°C 150°C -40°C 150°C 300°C
Stresses beyond those listed under absolute maximum ratings cause permanent damage device. These stress ratings only, functional operation device these other conditions beyond those indicated under recommended operating conditions implied. Exposure absolute-maximum-rated conditions extended periods affect device reliability bq2406x device withstand maximum hours.
RECOMMENDED OPERATING CONDITIONS
V(IN) V(IN) Supply voltage range Supply voltage range Junction temperature Battery absent detection functional Battery absent detection functional 4.35 16.5 16.5 UNIT
DISSIPATION RATINGS
PACKAGE 10-pin (°C/W) 3.21 (°C/W) 46.87
This data based using JEDEC High-K board exposed connected board. This connected ground plane matrix.
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bq2406x
SLUS689 JUNE 2006
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
over recommended operating, -125°C range, Application Circuits section, typical values 25°C (unless otherwise noted)
PARAMETER POWER-ON-RESET V(PDWN) Power down threshold V(IN) increase V(OUT): V(OUT) increase V(IN): V(IN) detected [V(IN) V(OUT)] VIN(DT) Input power detected [V(IN)- V(OUT)] [VIN(DT)- VHYS(INDT)] PG:HI Thermal regulation loop active, RTMR V(TMR) OPEN TEST CONDITIONS UNIT
INPUT POWER DETECTION, LOW, V(IN) VIN(DT) VHYS(INDT) TDGL(INDT1) TDGL(NOIN) TDLY(CHGOFF) Input power detection threshold Input power detection hysteresis Deglitch time, input power detected status
Delay time, input power detected after TDGL(NOIN) status Charger delay Charger turned after TDLY(CHGOFF), Measured from Timer reset after TDLY(CHGOFF) bq24060/61/63/65/66 bq24064 bq24060/61/63/65/66 bq24064
INPUT OVER-VOLTAGE PROTECTION V(OVP) VHYS(OVP) TDGL(OVDET) TDGL(OVNDET) Input over-voltage detection threshold Input over-voltage hysteresis Input over-voltage detection delay Input over-voltage detected delay V(IN) increasing V(IN) decreasing 10.2 10.5 11.7
Measured from V(IN) V(OVP) increasing Measured from V(IN) V(OVP) V(IN) decreasing V(IN) V(IN) 16.5
QUIESCENT CURRENT ICC(CHGOFF) ICC(CHGON) IBAT(DONE) IBAT(CHGOFF) quiescent current, charger quiescent current, charger Battery leakage current after termination into Battery leakage current into charger Lower voltage temperature threshold Upper voltage temperature threshold Hysteresis Input power detected,
Input power detected, VBAT Input power detected, charge terminated, Input power detected, input power detected,
COMPARATOR V(TS1) V(TS2) VHYS(TS) INPUT T(SHUT) T(SHUTHYS) Input (low) voltage Input (high) voltage Output (low) saturation voltage Temperature trip Thermal hysteresis V(CE) increasing V(CE) decreasing Ioutput (sink) Junction temperature Junction temperature detected V(TS) V(TS1); thermistor Cold detected V(TS) V(TS2); thermistor Temp V(TS) V(TS1) VHYS(TS) V(TS) V(TS2)- VHYS(TS) %V(IN) %V(IN) %V(IN)
STAT1, STAT2 OUTPUTS V(IN) VO(REG) V(DO-MAX) THERMAL SHUTDOWN
Specified design, production tested.
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bq2406x
SLUS689 JUNE 2006
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (Continued)
over recommended operating, 0-125°C range, Application Circuits section, typical values 25°C (unless otherwise noted)
PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS UNIT VOLTAGE REGULATION, V(IN) VO(REG) V(DO-MAX), I(TERM) I(OUT) IO(OUT), CHARGER ENABLED, FAULT CONDITIONS DETECTED VO(REG) VO(TOL) V(DO) Output voltage Voltage regulation accuracy Dropout voltage, V(IN) V(OUT) bq24060/61/62/63/64 bq24065/66 versions only 25°C I(OUT) V(BAT) V(LOWV), IO(OUT) I(OUT) V(SET)/RSET V(ISET) V(SET), V(LOWV) V(BAT) VO(REG) IO(OUT) 1000 IO(OUT) Resistor connected ISET -0.5% 4.20 4.36 0.5%
CURRENT REGULATION V(IN) V(OUT) V(DO-MAX), CHARGER ENABLED, FAULT CONDITIONS DETECTED IO(OUT) V(SET) K(SET) RISET Output current range Output current voltage Output current factor External resistor range 2.45 2.50 1000 2.55
Volts
VOLTAGE CURRENT REGULATION TIMING, V(IN) V(OUT) V(DO-MAX), CHARGER ENABLED, FAULT CONDITIONS DETECTED, RTMR V(TMR) OPEN; Thermal regulation loop active TPWRUP(CHG) TPWRUP(EN) Input power detection full charge current time delay Charge enable full charge current delay Input power detection voltage regulation delay, mode set, battery load connected Measured from PG:HI I(OUT) IO(OUT) V(BAT) Measured from CE:HI I(OUT) >100 IO(OUT) V(BAT)= V(IN) Input power detected Measured from PG:HI V(OUT) charge voltage regulation; V(TMR) OPEN, mode set, battery load pin,
TPWRUP(LDO)
PRECHARGE OUTPUT SHORT-CIRCUIT CURRENT REGULATION, V(IN)-V(OUT) V(DO-MAX) V(IN) 4.5V, CHARGER ENABLED, FAULT CONDITIONS DETECTED, RTMR V(TMR)=OPEN; Thermal regulation loop active V(LOWV) V(SCIND) V(SC) IO(PRECHG) V(PRECHG) Precharge fast-charge transition V(BAT) increasing threshold Short-circuit indication Precharge short-circuit transition threshold Precharge current range Precharge voltage V(BAT) decreasing V(BAT) decreasing V(SC) VI(BAT) V(LOWV), T(PRECHG) IO(PRECHG) V(PRECHG)/R(ISET) V(ISET) V(PRECHG), V(SC) VI(BAT) V(LOWV), T(PRECHG) VPOR IO(SHORT) I(OUT), V(BAT)= V(IN) V(BAT) Fast charge current V(LOWV) V(BAT) VO(REG), 0.7k RISET 3.5k 2.95 3.15
IO(SHORT)
Output shorted regulation current
TEMPERATURE REGULATION (Thermal regulationTM), CHARGER ENABLED, FAULT CONDITIONS DETECTED TJ(REG) I(MIN_TJ(REG)) Temperature regulation limit Minimum current thermal regulation
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bq2406x
SLUS689 JUNE 2006
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (Continued)
over recommended operating, 0-125°C range, Application Circuits section, typical values 25°C (unless otherwise noted)
PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS UNIT CHARGE TERMINATION DETECTION, VO(REG) VO(REG) 4.36 CHARGER ENABLED, FAULT CONDITIONS DETECTED, Thermal regulation LOOP ACTIVE, RTMR OPEN I(TERM) V(TERM) TDGL(TERM) Termination detection current range Charge termination detection voltage Deglitch time, termination detected Recharge threshold detection Deglitch time, recharge detection Charge safety timer range Charge safety timer constant Pre-charge safety timer range Pre-charge safety timer constant Charge timer termination enable threshold Charge timer enable threshold ITMR(OFF) pull-up current V(BAT) V(RCH), TTDGL(TERM), I(TERM) V(TERM)/RISET V(BAT) V(RCH) V(ISET) decreasing
BATTERY RECHARGE THRESHOLD V(RCH) TDGL(RCH) [VO(REG)-V(BAT) V(RCH) V(BAT) decreasing T(CHG) RTMR thermal loop active V(BAT) V(LOWV) T(PCHG) K(CHG); Thermal regulation loop active V(BAT) V(LOWV) [Charge timer bq24060/61/62/64/ termination disabled] V(TMR) 65/66 VTMR(OFF) [Charge timer disabled] V(TMR) VTMR(OFF) bq24063
TIMERS, CHARGER ENABLED, FAULT CONDITIONS DETECTED, V(TMR) TIMERS ENABLED T(CHG) K(CHG) T(PCHG) K(PCHG) 0.08 1080 0.08 0.12 3600 0.12 hours hr/k
VTMR(OFF)
ITMR(OFF) I(TMR), V(TMR) V(IN) safety timer off, other timers zero. V(BAT) VO(REG) V(BAT) VO(REG) V(BAT) VO(REG), Thermal regulation loop active; RTMR V(OUT) V(RCH)
BATTERY DETECTION THRESHOLDS IDET(DOWN) IDET(UP) T(DETECT) Battery detection current (sink) Battery detection current (source) Battery detection time IO(PRECHG)
TIMER FAULT RECOVERY I(FAULT) Fault Current (source) Charge over-current detection threshold Over current detection delay time CHARGE OVER-CURRENT DETECTION, V(IN) CHARGER ENABLED ICH(OVC) TDGL(CHOVC) V(ISET) Measured from V(ISET) IO(OUT)
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bq2406x
SLUS689 JUNE 2006
DEVICE INFORMATION ASSIGNMENT
STAT STAT STAT STAT STAT STAT STAT STAT
bq24060/64/65 (TOP VIEW)
bq24061/66 (TOP VIEW)
bq24062 (TOP VIEW)
bq24063 (TOP VIEW)
ISET
ISET
ISET
ISET
TERMINAL FUNCTIONS, REQUIRED COMPONENTS
TERMINAL NAME STAT1 STAT2 ISET bq24060/64/65 bq24061/66 bq24062 bq24063 DESCRIPTION REQUIRED COMPONENTS Charge Input Voltage internal supply. Connect (minimum) capacitor from VSS. Safety Timer Program Input, timer disabled floating. Connect resistor program safety timer timeout value Charge Status Output (open-collector, seeTable Charge Status Output (open-collector, Table Ground Charge current point, resistor connected from ISET sets charge current value. Connect 0.47-µF capaciator from ISET. Power Good status output (open-collector), active Charge enable Input. enables charger. disables charger. Termination enable Input. enables termination detection battery absent detection. disables termination detection battery absent detection. Temperature Sense Input, connect battery pack thermistor. Connect external resistive divider program temperature thresholds. Battery Voltage Sense Input. Connect battery positive terminal. Connect 200- resistor from OUT. Charge current output. Connect battery positive terminal. Connect (minimum) capacitor from VSS. There internal electrical connection between exposed thermal exposed thermal must connected same potential printed circuit board. thermal primary ground input must connected ground times.
Exposed Thermal
FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION
charge current programmable using external components (RISET resistor). charge process starts when external input power connected system, charger enabled battery voltage below recharge threshold, V(BAT) V(RCH). When charge cycle starts safety timer activated, safety timer function enabled. safety timer timeout value external resistor connected pin.
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bq2406x
SLUS689 JUNE 2006
When charger enabled control loops modulate battery switch drain source impedance limit current programmed charge current value (charge current loop) regulate voltage programmed charge voltage value (charge voltage loop). V(BAT) V(LOWV) (3.0 typical) current internally programmed charge current value. typical charge profile shown below, operation condition that does cause junction temperature exceed TJ(REG), (112°C typical).
PreConditioning Phase Current Regulation Phase Voltage Regulation Charge Termination Phase DONE
VO(BATREG) IO(BAT) FAST-CHARGE CURRENT
Battery Current, I(BAT) Battery Voltage, V(BAT) Charge Complete Status, Charger
v(LOWV)
IO(PRECHG), I(TERM)
PRE-CHARGE CURRENT TERMINATION THRESHOLD T(PRECHG) T(CHG) DONE
Figure Charging Profile With TJ(REG) operating conditions cause junction temperature exceed TJ(REG), charge cycle modified, with activation integrated thermal control loop. thermal control loop activated when internal voltage reference, which inversely proportional junction temperature, lower than fixed, temperature stable internal voltage. thermal loop overrides other charger control loops reduces charge current until junction temperature returns TJ(REG), effectively regulating junction temperature.
VREF Thermal Loop BATTERY SWITCH
I(BAT)
I(BAT) K(SET) ISET V(OUT) VO(REG) System Voltage Regulation Loop
Figure Thermal Regulation Circuit
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bq2406x
SLUS689 JUNE 2006
modified charge cycle, with thermal loop active, shown Figure
PreConditioning Phase Thermal Regulation Phase Current Regulation Phase Voltage Regulation Charge Termination Phase DONE
VO(BATREG) IO(BAT) FAST-CHARGE CURRENT
Battery Current, I(BAT) Battery Voltage, V(BAT)
PRE-CHARGE CURRENT TERMINATION THRESHOLD
VO(LOWV)
Charge Complete Status, Charger
IO(PRECHG),I(TERM) T(THREG) temperature
T(PRECHG)
T(CHG)
DONE
Figure Charge Profile, Thermal Loop Active
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bq2406x
SLUS689 JUNE 2006
FUNCTIONAL BLOCK DIAGRAM
V(IN) V(OUT)
PRE_CHARGE BACKGATE BIAS
I(OUT) IOUT) K(SET)
VO(REG)
V(ISET) I(DETECT) I(FAULT V(IN)
ISET
V(SET) V(PRECHG)
V(IN)
J(REG)
ENABLE
BATTERY ABSENT DETECTION SHORT RECOVERY
V(SET) V(PRECHG)
Dynamically Controlled Oscillator
TDGL(CHOVC) Deglitch TDGL(INDT) Deglitch Over_current
VTMR(OFF) V(IN) V(OUT)+VIN(DT
Input Power Detected
Timer Fault Timer Disable Thermal Shutdown V(OVP) (RCH) Suspend REFERENCE BIAS Internal Voltage References
V(IN)
TDGL(OVP) Deglitch
Input Over-Voltage
TDGL(RCH) Deglitch
Recharge
Precharge
CHARGE CONTROL, TIMER DISPLAY LOGIC
V(LOW) (TAPER) V(ISET)
TDGL(TERM) Deglitch Terminate
STAT1
STAT2
APPLICATION CIRCUITS
typical application diagrams shown here configured fast charge current, pre-charge current, hour safety timer pre-charge timer.
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bq2406x
SLUS689 JUNE 2006
bq24060/64/65
Input Power STAT STAT
Li-Ion Li-Pol Battery Pack Pack+ Pack-
RTMR
49.9
Power Good
GREEN
0.47
TEMP
ISET
ISET 1.13
bq24061/66
Input Power RTMR STAT STAT ISET
Li-Ion Li-Pol Battery Pack Pack+
Pack-
49.9
GREEN
0.47
RSET
1.13
Charge Enable Power Good
bq24062
Input Power STAT STAT
Li-Ion Li-Pol Battery Pack Pack+
RTMR
49.9
GREEN
Pack-
ISET
0.47
TEMP
RISET 1.13
Charge Enable Li-Ion Li-Pol Battery Pack
bq24063
Input Power RTMR STAT STAT ISET RSET
Pack+
GREEN
49.9
Pack-
0.47
1.13
Charge Termination Enable
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bq2406x
SLUS689 JUNE 2006
OPERATING MODES
Power Down bq2406x family remains power-down mode when input power voltage (IN) below power-down threshold V(PDWN). During power down mode functions off, host commands control pins interpreted. integrated power mosfet connected between pins off, status output pins STAT1 STAT2 high impedance mode output high impedance state. power down mode entered from other state, input power V(IN) falls below voltage threshold V(PDWN). Sleep Mode bq2406x enters sleep mode when input power voltage (IN) above power down threshold V(PDWN) still lower than input power detection threshold, V(IN) V(OUT) VIN(DT). During sleep mode charger off, host commands control pins interpreted. integrated power mosfet connected between pins off, status output pins STAT1 STAT2 high impedance state output indicates input power detected. sleep mode entered from other state, input power (IN) detected. Power-On-Reset Mode input power detected when input voltage V(IN) V(OUT) VIN(DT). When input power detected bq2460x transitions from sleep mode power-on-reset mode. this mode operation internal timer T(POR) started internal blocks reset (power-on-reset). Until timer expires STAT1 STAT2 outputs indicate charger OFF, output indicates input power status detected. power-on-reset delay internal comparators enabled, STAT1, STAT2 pins active. Stand-By Mode bq24031/2/3/6 stand-by mode started power-on-reset phase, input power detected stand-by mode selected blocks operational, control logic monitors system status control pins define charger will mode. quiescent current required stand-by mode typical. stand-by mode entered from other state, available bq2406x enters begin charge mode power-on-reset phase. Begin Charge Mode blocks powered bq2406x ready start charging battery pack. charge cycle started when control logic decides that conditions required enable charge cycle met. During begin charge phase timers reset, after that enters charging mode. Charging Mode When charging mode active bq2406x executes charging algorithm, described state machine diagram, Figure Suspend Mode suspend mode entered from other state when pack temperature within valid temperature range. During suspend mode charger off, timers reset. normal charging mode resumes when pack temperature within range.
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bq2406x
SLUS689 JUNE 2006
STATE MACHINE DIAGRAM
CHARGING RECHARGE DETECTION
V(TS) >V(TS2) V(TS) TS1) VI(BAT V(RCH V(OUT) <V(SC) Enable IO(SHORT) current (PRCH) STATE
V(TS) V(TS2) V(TS) TS1)
Suspend Charge Off, Stop timers, Keep timer count, STATn=Hi-Z
Regulate IO(PRECHG) Indicate ChargeIn-Progress
STATE
VDETECT ENABLED
V(OUT) <V(LOWV)
Reset T(CHG) T(PRCH)
Enable I(DETECT) t(DETECT) Reset T(PRCH) Battery Present Begin Charge (CHG) Timers disabled
VI(BAT) <V(LOWV)
Regulate Current Voltage Indicate ChargeIn-Progress V(OUT) LOWV)
BATTERY DETECTION
Apply IO(PRECHG) t(DETECT)
VI(BAT V(RCH
T(CHG) Expired?
(PRCH) Expired?
STATE
Battery Absent Charge
timers disabled
timers enabled Timers enabled
V(OUT) <V(LOWV) Fault Condition
V(TS) (TS2) V(TS) (TS1)
Suspend Charge Off, Stop timers, Keep timer count, STATn=Hi-Z
V(TS) >V(TS2) V(TS) V(TS1) V(TS) V(TS2) V(TS) V(TS1)
STATE
termination disabled
Indicate Fault
ITERM detection?
V(OUT) V(RCH)?
/CE=HI V(IN)>V( OVP)
Stand-by STATn HI-Z, update status, enable control logic /CE=LO [V(BAT)+V(INDT) V(IN) OVP) termination enabled Termination Indicate Termination V(OUT) V(RCH
Enable IFAULT current
(POR) Expired? Power-on-reset Turn charger STATn HI-Z, reset timers V(IN) V(POR) V(IN) V(OUT)+VIN(DT) Sleep [V(IN) -V(OUT)] [VIN(DT) VHYS(INDT) Turn charger STATn HI-Z monitor input power V(IN) V(POR) Power down functions STATn HI-Z Done Turn charger Indicate Charge done Reset timers Begin Charge Reset TImers
Disable IFAULT current
FAULT RECOVERY
V(IN) (POR)
START
STATE
Figure Operational Flow Chart
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bq2406x
SLUS689 JUNE 2006
CONTROL LOGIC OVERVIEW
external host enable disable charging process using dedicated control pin, low-level signal this enables charge, high-level signal disables charge. bq2460x stand-by mode with When charger function enabled high accuracy reference activated, provide charge voltage charge current internal references. charger power stage turned bq2406X detects that conditions safely charging battery exist. Table describes charger control logic operation, bq2460x versions without pack temp status internally Table Control Logic Functionality
INPUT POWER Detected Detected Detected Detected Detected Detected Detected Detected Over Voltage Detected TIMER FAULT (latched) OUTPUT SHORT CIRCUIT TERMINATION (latched) PACK TEMP Absent Cold THERMAL SHUTDOWN TSHUT TSHUT TSHUT TSHUT TSHUT POWER DOWN IFAULT IDETECT CHARGING CHARGER POWER STAGE bq2460X OPERATION MODE POWER DOWN SLEEP STANDBY STATE DIAGRAM
both STANDBY SUSPEND modes charge process disabled. STANDBY mode timers reset; SUSPEND mode timers held count stored when suspend mode set. timer fault, termination output short circuit variables shown control logic table latched detection circuits, outside control logic. Refer timers, termination short circuit protection sections additional details those latched variables reset. following states happen simultaneously implementation state machine flow: Termination detected timer fault detected Battery absent function enabled when termination detected
TEMPERATURE QUALIFICATION (Applies only versions with option)
bq24060/62/64/65 devices continuously monitor battery temperature measuring voltage between pins. compares voltage against internal V(TS1) V(TS2) thresholds determine charging allowed. Once temperature outside V(TS1) V(TS2) thresholds detected immediately suspends charge. suspends charge turning power holding timer value (i.e., timers reset). Charge resumed when temperature returns normal range.
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bq2406x
SLUS689 JUNE 2006
Charge Suspend VC(TS2) 0.6* Normal Temperature Range
VC(TS1) 0.3*
Charge Suspend
Figure Battery Temperature Qualification With Thermistor external resistors (see application diagram) enable selecting temperature window. thermistor impedances Cold thresholds values calculated follows, (negative temperature coefficient) thermistor:
Applying constant voltage between V(TS1) V(TS2) thresholds disables temperature sensing feature.
INPUT OVER-VOLTAGE DETECTION, POWER GOOD STATUS OUTPUT
input power detection status shown open collector output Table Input Power Detection Status
INPUT POWER DETECTION (IN) DETECTED DETECTED, OVER-VOLTAGE DETECTED, OVER-VOLTAGE STATE High impedance High impedance
bq2406x detects input over-voltage when V(IN) V(OVP). When over-voltage protection detected charger function turned bq2460x standby mode operation. detection latched, returns normal operation when fault condition removed.
CHARGE STATUS OUTPUTS
open-collector STAT1 STAT2 outputs indicate various charger operations shown Table These status pins used drive LEDs communicate host processor. Note that indicates open-collector transistor turned off. When termination disabled Done state available; status LEDs indicate fast charge pre-charge even charge current lower than termination detection threshold.
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bq2406x
SLUS689 JUNE 2006
Table Charge Status
Charge State Precharge progress Fast charge progress Done (termination enabled only) Charge Suspend (temperature) Timer Fault Charger Selected Input power over-voltage detected Battery absent Batteryshort STAT1 STAT2
BATTERY CHARGING: CONSTANT CURRENT PHASE
bq2406x family offers on-chip current regulation. current regulation defined value resistor connected ISET pin. During charge cycle fast charge current IO(OUT) applied battery battery voltage above V(LOWV) threshold (2.95 typ): V(SET) KSET) I(OUT) O(OUT) RISET Where K(SET) output current factor V(SET) output current voltage. During charge cycle battery voltage below V(LOWV) threshold pre-charge current I(PRECHG) applied battery. This feature revives deeply discharged cells. V(PRECHG) KSET) O(OUT) I(OUT) (PRECHG) RISET Where K(SET) output current factor V(PRECHG) precharge voltage.
CHARGE CURRENT TRANSLATOR
When charge function enabled internal circuits generate current proportional charge current ISET, this current, when applied external charge current programming resistor RISET generates analog voltage that used external host measure charge current: ISET V(ISET) I(OUT) K(SET)
BATTERY VOLTAGE REGULATION
battery pack voltage sensed through pin, which tied directly positive side battery pack. bq2406x monitors battery pack voltage between pins. When battery voltage rises VO(REG) threshold voltage regulation phase begins charging current begins taper down. voltage regulation threshold VO(REG) fixed internal voltage reference. charge regulation voltages available: (typ., bq24060/61/62/63/64) 4.36 (typ., bq24065/66).
PRE-CHARGE TIMER
bq2406x family activates internal safety timer during battery pre-conditioning phase. left open (floating) pre-charge timer disabled. charge safety timer time-out value external resistor connected pin, RTMR timeout constants K(PCHG) T(CHG) T(PCHG) T(CHG) pre-charge timer operation detailed Table
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bq2406x
SLUS689 JUNE 2006
Table Pre-Charge Timer Operational Modes
bq2460X MODE STANDBY CHARGING SUSPEND SUSPEND CHARGING, OPEN CHARGING, OPEN V(OUT) V(LOWV) PRE-CHARGE TIMER MODE RESET RESET RESET SUSPEND COUNTING, EXTERNAL PROGRAMMED RATE RESET
SUSPEND mode pre-charge timer hold (i.e., pre-charge timer reset), normal operation resumes when timer returns normal operating mode (COUNTING). V(BAT) does reach internal voltage threshold V(LOWV) within pre-charge timer period fault condition detected, charger turned pre-charge safety timer fault condition latched. When pre-charge timer fault latch charger turned off. Under those conditions small current IFAULT applied pin, long input power (IN) detected V(OUT) V(LOWV), part timer fault recovery protocol. This current allows output voltage rise above pre-charge threshold V(LOWV), resetting pre-charge timer fault latch when pack removed. Table further details pre-charge timer fault latch operation. Table Pre-Charge Timer Latch Functionality
PRE-CHARGE TIMER FAULT LATCHED WHEN PRE-CHARGE TIMER FAULT LATCH RESET rising edge detected Pre-charge timer timeout V(OUT) V(PRECH) Input power removed (not detected) charging cycle started; state diagram Timer function disabled
THERMAL PROTECTION LOOP
internal control loop monitors bq2406x junction termperature (TJ) ensure safe operation under input voltage transients, unexpected printed circuit board temperature increase. This loop monitors bq2406x junction temperature reduces charge current when junction temperature exceeds internally reference temperature, TJ(REG), (112°C, typical). bq2406x minimum charge current, I(MIN_TJ(REG)), thermal regulation (200 typical). input voltage high, junction temperature exceeds regulation point approaches thermal shutdown.
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bq2406x
SLUS689 JUNE 2006
IBAT
Junction Temperature Input Voltage
Figure Thermal Regulation Loop Performance
DYNAMIC TIMER FUNCTION
charge pre-charge safety timers programmed user detect fault condition charge cycle duration exceeds total time expected under normal conditions. expected charge time usually calculated based fast charge current rate. When thermal loop activated charge current reduced, false safety timer fault observed thermal loop active long period time. avoid this undesirable fault condition bq2406x activates dynamic timer control, internal circuit that slows down safety timer's clock. dynamic timer control circuit effectively adds extra time programmed timeout value. dynamic timer control circuit enabled under following conditions: battery voltage below pre-charge threshold: pre-charge timer value modified while Thermal regulation loop active battery voltage above pre-charge threshold: safety timer value modified Thermal regulation loop active. bq2406x dynamic timer control (DTC) monitors voltage ISET during pre-charge fast charge, increases safety timers effective timeout value when charge current regulation thermal loop active. Under normal current regulation operation, voltage ISET control loops either V(SET) V(PRECHG). thermal loop active, voltage ISET lower than regulation voltage, circuit changes safety timers clock period based V(SET)/V(ISET) ratio (fast charge) V(PRECHG)/V(SET) ratio (pre-charge). Typical safety timer multiplier values relative V(SET)/V(ISET) ratio shown following graph.
Junction Temperature
Battery Current
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bq2406x
SLUS689 JUNE 2006
CHARGE TIMER INTERNAL CLOCK PERIOD MULTIPLICATION FACTOR
V(SET)/V(ISET)
Figure Safety Timer Linearity Internal Clock Period Multiplication Factor
RTMR
T(CHG) Safety Timer Hours
RTMR VSET/VISET RTMR
Figure bq2406x Safety Timer Linearity RTMR Values
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SLUS689 JUNE 2006
Core Oscillator Frequency
ITMR Current
Figure bq2406x Oscillator Linearity ITMR RTMR
THERMAL SHUTDOWN PROTECTION
Internal circuits monitor junction temperature, suspends charging exceeds internal threshold T(SHUT) (155°C typ). Charging resumes when falls below internal threshold T(SHUT) approximately 20°C.
CHARGE TERMINATION DETECTION RECHARGE
charging current monitored during voltage regulation phase. Charge termination indicated STATx pins (STAT1 STAT2 Hi-Z) once charge current falls below termination current threshold I(TERM). deglitch period TDGL(TERM) added avoid false termination indication during transient events. Charge termination detected charge current falls below termination threshold result thermal loop activation. Termination also detected when charger enters suspend mode, detection invalid pack temperature internal thermal shutdown. termination detection latched; charger disabled termination detected. charger disabled host charge cycle starts termination latch reset. Table describes termination latch functionality. Table Termination Latch Functionality
TERMINATION DETECTED LATCHED WHEN I(OUT) I(TERM) TDGL(TERM) V(OUT) V(RCH) TERMINATION LATCH RESET rising edge detected charging cycle started; state diagram Termination disabled
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SLUS689 JUNE 2006
termination function DISABLED: bq24060/61/62/64/65 termination disabled when left open (floating). bq24063 leaving open (floating) does disable termination. only disable termination bq24063 HIGH.
BATTERY ABSENT DETECTION VOLTAGE MODE ALGORITHM
bq2406x provides battery absent detection scheme reliably detect insertion and/or removal battery packs. detection circuit applies internal current battery terminal, detects battery presence based terminal voltage behavior. Figure typical waveform output voltage when battery absent detection enabled battery connected:
4.50
Output Voltage
3.50
2.50
Time
Figure Battery-Absent Detection Waveforms battery absent detection function disabled voltage held above battery recharge threshold, V(RCH), after termination detection. When voltage falls recharge threshold, either connection load battery battery removal, bq2406x begins battery absent detection test. This test involves enabling detection current, I(DETECT), period T(DETECT) checking battery voltage below pre-charge threshold, V(LOWV). Following this, precharge current, IO(PRECHG) applied period T(DETECT) battery voltage checked again above recharge threshold. Passing both discharge charging tests (battery terminal voltage being below pre-charge above recharge thresholds battery detection test) indicates battery absent fault STAT1 STAT2 pins. Failure either test starts charge cycle. absent battery condition voltage rises falls between V(LOWV) VO(REG) thresholds indefinitely. operation flowchart more details this algorithm. battery absent detection function disabled when termination disabled. bq2406x provides small battery leakage current, IBAT(DONE) typical), after termination pull down voltage event battery removal. leakage higher than this pulldown current, then voltage remains above termination battery-absent state will detected. This problem fixed with addition pulldown resistor from VSS. resistor large cause voltage drop below V(LOWV) threshold before recharge deglitch (typ expires, causing fault condition. this case bq2406x provides fault current (typ pull above termination threshold.
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SLUS689 JUNE 2006
CHARGE SAFETY TIMER
safety mechanism bq2406x user-programmable timer that monitors total fast charge time. This timer (charge safety timer) started pre-conditioning period. safety charge timeout value value external resistor connected (RTMR); left open (floating) charge safety timer disabled. charge safety timer time-out value calculated follows: T(CHG) R(TMR)] safety timer operation modes shown Table Table Charge Safety Timer Operational Modes
bq2460X STANDBY CHARGING SUSPEND SUSPEND CHARGING, OPEN CHARGING, OPEN V(OUT) V(LOWV) CHARGE SAFETY TIMER MODE RESET RESET RESET SUSPEND COUNTING RESET
SUSPEND mode charge safety timer hold (i.e., charge safety timer reset), normal operation resumes when timer returns normal operating mode (COUNTING). charge termination reached within timer period fault condition detected. Under those circumstances status updated indicate fault condition bq24060/61/62/64/65/66: charger turned charge safety timer fault condition latched. bq24063, charger turned charge safety timer fault condition latched. bq24063 pin, charger turned OFF, timer fault condition latched indicated STAT1, STAT2 pins. Charger turned when :HILO, charge current below termination threshold I(TERM). When charge safety timer fault latch charger turned small current IFAULT applied pin, long input power (IN) detected V(OUT) V(RCHG), part timer fault recovery protocol. This current allows output voltage rise above recharge threshold V(RCHG) pack removed, assures that charge safety timer fault latch reset pack removed re-inserted. Table further details charge safety timer fault latch operation. Table Charge Safety Timer Latch Functionality
CHARGE SAFETY TIMER FAULT LATCHED V(OUT) V(RCHG) CHARGE SAFETY TIMER FAULT LATCH RESET rising edge, detected Input power removed (not detected) charging cycle started; state diagram rising edge, detected V(OUT) V(RCHG) Input power removed (not detected) charging cycle started; state diagram
MODE OPERATION
bq24060/61/62/64/65/66 devices operate when timer left open (floating). bq24063 operates when When mode set, termination disabled, charger long charging process enabled. When mode termination disabled external host monitor charge current ISET, making possible continue battery charging process until charge current tapers down value lower than internally termination threshold (10% fast charge programmed current).
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SHORT CIRCUIT PROTECTION
internal comparators monitor battery voltage detect when short circuit applied battery terminal. voltage less than internal threshold V(scind) (1.8 typical), STAT pins indicate fault condition (STAT1 STAT2 Hi-Z). When voltage falls below second internal threshold V(sc) (1.4 typical), charger power stage turned off. recovery current, I(short) typical), applied pin, enabling detection short circuit removal. battery output current versus battery voltage shown graph, Figure
1200 RISET 1000
Battery Current
Battery Voltage
Figure bq2406x Short Circuit Behavior application section additional details start-up operation with V(BAT) V(SC).
STARTUP WITH DEEPLY DEPLETED BATTERY CONNECTED
bq2406x charger furnishes programmed charge current battery detected. battery connected bq2406x operates follows: output current limited (typ), voltage below short circuit detection threshold V(SC), typical. output current regulated programmed pre-charge current V(SC) V(BAT) V(LOWV). output current regulated programmed fast charge current V(BAT) V(LOWV) voltage regulation reached. output voltage collapses battery present equipment requires bias current larger that available charge current.
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TYPICAL OPERATING CHARACTERISTICS
Measured using typical application circuit shown previously.
THERMAL LOOP OPERATION WITH POWERPAD ATTACHED
1.50 1.75
THERMAL LOOP OPERATION
Safety Timer IBAT 0.50 1.50 Time 2.50
1.25 IBAT 0.75 VISET 0.50 0.25 0.50 1.50 Time 2.50
Battery Current
Figure PACK REMOVAL TRANSIENT
4.75 4.50 VBAT 3.75 3.50 3.25 Time -0.2 -0.4 IBAT
Figure TRANSIENTS
1.80 1.60
Battery Voltage
Battery Current
Voltage
4.25
Time IBAT
1.20 0.80 0.60 0.40 0.20
Figure
Figure POWER BATTERY
VBAT 0.50 0.60
DEGLITCH TIME
Voltage
0.30 0.20 0.10
Time
-0.10 0.50 1.50 2.50 3.50 4.50 Time
Figure
Figure
Battery Voltage
0.40
Voltage
Charge Current
1.40
TCHG Safety Timer
Battery Current
Voltage
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TYPICAL OPERATING CHARACTERISTICS (continued)
Measured using typical application circuit shown previously.
bq2406x ACTIVE SUPPLY CURRENT TEMPERATURE
ICC(CHGON) Active Supply Current
16.5 104.5
PRE-CHARGE CURRENT BATTERY VOLTAGE
PRE-CHARGE CURRENT BATTERY VOLTAGE
Charge Current
103.5 102.5 25°C 101.5 100.5 85°C
Charge Current
12.5
85°C
25°C 2.20 2.40 2.60 2.80 Battery Voltage
Temperature
2.20
2.40 2.60 Battery Voltage
2.80
Figure FAST-CHARGE CURRENT BATTERY VOLTAGE
1000 52.5 51.5
Figure HIGH CHARGE RATE FAST-CHARGE CURRENT BATTERY VOLTAGE
25°C 50.5 49.5 48.5 47.5 85°C
Figure CURRENT RATE KSET LINEARITY CHARGE CURRENT
Charge Current
85°C 3.20 3.40 3.60 3.80 Battery Voltage 25°C
Charge Current
KSET
85°C 25°C
3.20
3.40 3.60 Battery Voltage
3.80
Battery Charge Current
Figure HIGH CHARGE RATE KSET LINEARITY CHARGE CURRENT
Figure CHARGE RATE BATTERY REGULATION VOLTAGE INPUT VOLTAGE
4.202 4.200 0.400 0.375
Figure V(BAT) DROPOUT VOLTAGE TEMPERATURE
V(DO) Droput Voltage
Battery Voltage
85°C
4.198 4.196 4.194 4.192 4.190
25°C
0.350 0.325 0.300 0.275 0.250 0.225 0.200
KSET
25°C
4.188 4.186
85°C
1000 Battery Charge Current
10.5 12.5 Input Voltage
14.5
16.5
Temperature
Figure V(BAT)
Figure
Figure
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APPLICATION INFORMATION SELECTING INPUT OUTPUT CAPACITOR
most applications, that needed high-frequency decoupling capacitor input power pin. 1-µF ceramic capacitor, placed close proximity pad, works fine. some applications, depending power supply characteristics cable length, necessary increase input filter capacitor avoid exceeding maximum voltage rating during adapter plug events. bq2406x only requires small output capacitor loop stability. 0.47 ceramic capacitor placed between ISET typically sufficient.
bq2406x CHARGER DESIGN EXAMPLE
Requirements Supply voltage Safety timer duration hours fast charge Fast charge current approximately Battery temp sense used Calculations Program charge current RISET K(SET) I(OUT)] from electrical characteristics table. V(SET) from electrical characteristics table. K(SET) RISET [2.5 0.75 1.12 Selecting closest standard value, 1.13 resistor connected between ISET (pin ground. Program 5-hour safety timer timeout: R(TMR) [T(CHG) K(CHG)] from electrical characteristics table. K(CHG) K(TMR) (0.1 Selecting closest standard value, 49.9 resistor connected between (pin ground. Disable temp sense function: constant voltage between VTS1 VTS2 input disables temp sense function. from electrical characteristics table. V(TS1) from electrical characteristics table. V(TS2) constant voltage disables temp sense function, divide-by-2 resistor divider connected between ground used. resistors keeps power dissipated this divider minimum. COMPONENTS most applications, minimum input capacitance needed ceramic decoupling capacitor near input connected ground (preferably grond plane through vias). recommended amount input capacitance least much output pin. This added capacitance helps with plug transients, input inductance initial charge transients. There minimum value capacitance this output, recommended connect ceramic capacitor between ground. This capacitance helps with termination, cycling frequency between charge done refresh charge when battery present. also helps cancel battery lead inductance long leaded battery packs. recommended much ceramic capacitance input output cause drop input when charging initiated.
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APPLICATION INFORMATION (continued)
ISET/BAT stability reasons, necessary 0.47-µF capacitor between ISET pin. Connect cathode open-collector STAT1 output, connect anode input supply through resistor that limits current. Connect cathode green open-collector STAT2 output, connect anode green input supply through resistor that limits current. Connect cathode open-collector output, connect anode input supply through resistor limit current.
STAT1/2 Optional (LED STATUS below, Processor Monitored; status) STAT1 STAT2
THERMAL CONSIDERATIONS
bq2406x family packaged thermally enhanced package. package includes thermal provide effective thermal contact between printed circuit board (PCB). Full design guidelines this package provided application note entitled: QFN/SON Attachment Application Note (SLUA271). most common measure package thermal performance thermal impedance measured modeled) from chip junction surrounding package surface (ambient). mathematical expression q(JA) Where: chip junction temperature ambient temperature device power dissipation Factors that greatly influence measurement calculation include: Whether device board mounted Trace size, composition, thickness, geometry Orientation device (horizontal vertical) Volume ambient surrounding device under test airflow Whether other surfaces close proximity device being tested device power dissipation, function charge rate voltage drop across internal PowerFET. calculated from following equation when battery pack being charged [V(IN) V(OUT)] I(OUT) charge profile Li-Ion batteries maximum power dissipation typically seen beginning charge cycle when battery voltage lowest. charging profile, Figure board thermal design adequate programmed fast charge rate current achieved under maximum input voltage minimum battery voltage, thermal loop active effectively reducing charge current avoid excessive junction temperature.
USING ADAPTERS WITH LARGE OUTPUT VOLTAGE RIPPLE
Some cost adapters implement half rectifier topology, which causes adapter output voltage fall below battery voltage during part cycle. enable operation with cost adapters under those conditions bq2406x family keeps charger least msec (typical) after input power detected. This feature enables external cost adapters using networks. backgate control circuit prevents reverse current flowing from battery adapter terminal during charger delay time.
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APPLICATION INFORMATION (continued)
Note that deglitched, indicates input power loss immediately after input voltage falls below output voltage. input source frequently drops below output voltage recovers, small capacitor used from prevent flashing events.
LAYOUT CONSIDERATIONS
important special attention layout. following provides some guidelines: obtain optimal performance, decoupling capacitor from (thermal pad) output filter capacitors from (thermal pad) should placed close possible bq2406x, with short trace runs both (thermal pad). low-current connections should kept separate from high-current charge discharge paths from battery. single-point ground technique incorporating both small signal ground path power ground path. high current charge paths into from must sized appropriately maximum charge current order avoid voltage drops these traces. bq2406x family packaged thermally enhanced package. package includes thermal provide effective thermal contact between printed circuit board (PCB); this thermal also main ground connection device. Connect thermal ground connection. Full design guidelines this package provided application note entitled: QFN/SON Attachment Application Note (SLUA271).
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SLUS689 JUNE 2006 SINGLE-CHIP Li-Ion/Li-Pol CHARGE MANAGEMENT WIT

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