STMicroelectronics ASSEMBLY TOOLCHAIN HIWARE TOOLCHAIN COSMIC TOOLCHAI

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STMicroelectronics ASSEMBLY TOOLCHAIN HIWARE TOOLCHAIN COSMIC TOOLCHAI

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SOFTWARE TOOLS
STMicroelectronics ASSEMBLY TOOLCHAIN HIWARE TOOLCHAIN COSMIC TOOLCHAIN
SOFTWARE TOOLS OVERVIEW
STMicroelectronics Toolchain
Cross assembleur: Linker: Formatter: OBSEND Librarian: Windows Debugger: WGDB7/STVD7 (IDE)
Hiware Toolchain
Cross assembleur: HI-ASM Compiler: HI-CROSS Windows Debugger: HI-WAVE IDF: PANTA
Hiware
Cosmic Toolchain
Cross assembleur: CAST7 Compiler: CXST7 Windows Debugger: IDE: IDEA
toolchains available devices assembly toolchain developped (http://mcu.st.com) free charge toolchain developped COSMIC demo version available) toolchain developped Hiware (http://www.hiware.com, demo version available)
SOFTWARE TOOLS
WINDOWS .inc WINDOWS .asm ASSEMBLER .obj .err WINDOWS .grp .tab .lst .map .sym WINDOWS STVD7 WINDOWS .cod .lib WINDOWS OBSEND .s19
Here complete assembly toolchain diagram showing files extensions used inputs creates outputs. Each tool going seen more details slides after.
STOOLCHAIN OVERVIEW
AUTOEXEC.BAT (THE WINDOWS START FILE) automatically modified installation (adds paths):
C:\Program Files\Stm\St7toolchain\ASM METAI=C:\Program Files\Stm\St7toolchain\ASM DOS4G=QUIET
toolchain installed: from MCUonCD (latest version better!) From free software/download page Internet (http://mcu.st.com) Intranet (for FAEs) page latest version software always Internet Intranet sites. case troubles, please think check first latest version software use.
ASSEMBLER:
Overview
assembler produces code target machine target ST7:
first line source code reserved specifying target processor:
ST7/ first line reserved specifying instruction target processor
machine description file installed C:\Program Files\STM\St7toolchain\asm: "ST7.TAB".
This file describes different opcodes used assembler.
This current assembler Crash-Barrier one. next will ElfDwarf standard format. st7/ directive first line source files (.asm) with st7/ first character line St7.tab automatically installed during assembly toolchain setup. path specified autoexec.bat which modified install.
ASSEMBLER:
Overview(2)
.inc WINDOWS
.err
Error file: contains fatal recoverable errors Object file (will used linker)
.obj ASSEMBLER
.tab
.lst
Listing file
<file assemble>, <listing file>, <switches>
From .asm .inc files using st7.tab file, assembler tool creates .obj (object) file .asm file (source file). information possible errors contained file called cbe.err created working directory. option assembler command file, listing file will generated (refer exemple batch file page 32).
ASSEMBLER:
Options.
Options:
-SYM -OBJ=<path -FI=<mapfile -D<1 enable listing generation enable symbol table generation specifies object file path updates symbol table listing file defines 'string1' 'string2' enable pass-1 listing disable error generation
Example:
appli.asm EPROM will generate listing file appli.lst replace eprom
most used options four first above list: -sym -obj (refer batch file page 32).
ASSEMBLER:
Program organisation
APPLI
st72xx.inc
const.inc
Include files: module1 module2 refer labels defined other modules (for instance const.asm)
st7.tab
st72xx.asm
module1.asm
module2.asm
const.asm
WINDOWS ASSEMBLER
st72xx.asm: const.asm: st7.tab:
Register memory mapping definition constant definition machine description file
advise following program organisation: files registers memory mapping definition (st72xx.asm st72xx.inc: these files equivalent file language) files constants and/or variables there some (const.asm const.inc) Some source files which divided different modules (module1.asm, module2.asm.) these files going seen more details example slides after. st7.tab used hasn't called from batch file path known thanks autoexec.bat user doesn't have care about this file.
ST72254.asm
EXAMPLE
st7/
target
PERIPHERALS HARDWARE REGISTERS $0000 $007F $0080 $0100
ST72254.ASM date: 01/05/2000 Device ST72254 BYTES following addresses length segment byte 0-7F 'periph' Ports registers .PCDR DS.B port data register .PCDDR DS.B port data direction register .PCOR DS.B port option register DS.B used .PBDR DS.B port data register .PBDDR DS.B port data direction register
Bytes STACK Bytes
$0180 RESERVED $E000 ROM/EPROM 8KBytes $FFE0 INTERRUPTS RESET VECTORS $FFFF
This file registers memory mapping definition. these files (for products) have already been written assembly language available software librairies Internet Intranet sites. BYTES directive means that next registers variables addresses bytes (8-bit long) that next registers variables bytes! These registers variables will accessed through short addressing mode. DS.B directive means bytes space section reserved Example: .PBDR DS.B means byte space reserved segment periph PBDR register (see above slide)
ST72254.asm
EXAMPLE
segment byte 80-FF 'ram0' WORDS following addresses length
PERIPHERALS HARDWARE REGISTERS Bytes
$0000 $007F $0080 $0100
segment byte 100-17F 'stack'
STACK Bytes $0180 RESERVED
segment byte E000-FFDF 'rom'
$E000 ROM/EPROM 8KBytes $FFE0 INTERRUPTS RESET VECTORS $FFFF
segment byte FFE0-FFFF 'vectit'
WORDS directive means this time that following variables RAM) constants ROM) addresses 16-bit long that they words. They accessed through long addressing mode (from first word address which 0x100) Each .asm file (source file) finish with directive (don't forget just after carriage return sure directive been taken into account). .inc files don't have finish with directive course, otherwise when they included .asm file, soon directive .inc read, assembler believes this entire file rest .asm file won't taken into account!
Module1.asm
st7/ First line, first character
first line reserved specifying instruction target processor
EXAMPLE
module1.ASM date: 01/05/2000 Device ST72254 TITLE "module1.ASM"
Title will included first line each page listing file
format assembly (default) include st72254 registers memory mapping file include general constants file
MOTOROLA #INCLUDE "st72254.inc" #INCLUDE "const.inc"
Motorola format (default one) Hex: Bin: %10100011 Oct: ~243 Current
Comments lines have begin with semicolon. Different assembly formats available: Motorola (the default one): hexadecimal format defined with language) Intel Texas Zilog most used default one: Motorola. executable file then .S19 file this this file which asked when client wants ROM. Some other options also often used: TITLE: that listing file becomes more readable DATE: define date 12-byte ASCII into object code available options explained Software tools, User manual include files (.inc files), just directive: #include. Take care that hasn't first character line assembly language.
Module1.asm
EXAMPLE
Program code WORDS segment 'rom' .main A,#$0
Segment called 'rom': beginning user code (cf. ST72XX.INC)
Initialization
Initialization
Main program
.loop
Public label (definition starting with "dot" character) Main loop
loop Make another conversion
There different ways define label public (public means label called from other module): simply before name lable want public directive PUBLIC label beginning program course, it's easier simply before label name. even advise define labels public: allows labels names their addresses disassembly window It's more practical when label called another module: don't have define public, that's already done!
Module1.asm
EXAMPLE
INTERRUPT SUB-ROUTINES LIBRARY SECTION sw_rt iret ext0_rt iret ext1_rt iret css_rt iret interrupt subroutine spi_rt iret tima_rt iret this example timb_rt iret i2c_rt iret dummy iret SUB-ROUTINES LIBRARY SECTION
.sub
Regular subroutine
final directive regular subroutine (return) interrupt subroutine IRET (interrupt return) advise create empty interrupt routines even they used order avoid software troubles reason, program counter jumps into unused interrupt routine, this routine does exist, will then lost! Whereas exists, will jump into will nothing will jump back into main program).
Module1.asm
INTERRUPT VECTOR SECTION segment 'vectit' Segment called 'vectit': DC.W DC.W DC.W DC.W DC.W DC.W DC.W DC.W DC.W DC.W DC.W DC.W DC.W DC.W DC.W DC.W dummy dummy i2c_rt dummy dummy dummy dummy timb_rt dummy tima_rt spi_rt css_rt ext1_rt ext0_rt sw_rt main ;FFE0-FFE1h location ;FFE2-FFE3h location ;FFE4-FFE5h location ;FFE6-FFE7h location ;FFE8-FFE9h location ;FFEA-FFEBh location ;FFEC-FFEDh location ;FFEE-FFEFh location ;FFF0-FFF1h location ;FFF2-FFF3h location ;FFF4-FFF5h location ;FFF6-FFF7h location ;FFF8-FFF9h location ;FFFA-FFFBh location ;FFFC-FFFDh location ;FFFE-FFFFh location
EXAMPLE
interrupt vectors (start address: FFE0
.i2c_it
.timb_it .tima_it .spi_it .css_it .ext1_it .ext0_it .softit .reset
Define word object code source code (only files). "end" directive must followed Carriage Return
This slide shows last part source file (.asm): interrupt vector section. interrupt vector mapping device described into corresponding datasheet. It's then very easy write definition vectors. This section defined between FFDF FFFF. Among available vectors, some used changes depending considered device), they have then connected empty routines usually called DUMMY. Let's consider interrupt relative peripheral: this vector mapped addresses FFE4-FFE5; segment vectit defined between FFDF FFFF, order place interrupt subroutine place, empty interrupt subroutines have defined first (dummy). DC.W directive defines word section. interrupt vectors mapped bytes, used this directive define them.
Const.asm
EXAMPLE
st7/
CONST.ASM date: 01/05/2000 Device ST72254 TITLE "const.asm" format assembly (default)
MOTOROLA
BYTES Public variables, constants
Same format than other files (cf. module1.asm)
Const.asm file file containing constants variables definitions. beginning this file same .asm files (source files).
Const.asm
PUBLIC counter1 BYTES bsize blocks size bsize decimal byte counter byte counter
EXAMPLE
segment 'ram0' counter1 DS.B bsize .counter2 DS.B WORDS segment 'rom` .table1 .table2 DC.B DC.W WORD
Reserved bytes space ram0 counter1 counter2 will touched using short addressing mode
Define byte(s) object code
$10,$AA,50,%11111101 $B820 $9600,512
.label
{table1+2}
DC.W defines word(s) code, first WORD defines word(s) code, first
ways define label public seen above slide PUBLIC counter1 other labels with before). BYTES directive indicates that short addressing mode going used access following variables. constant bsize defined with (equal) directive. This variable does take place memory. Each time bsize encountered, it's exactly digital value read. variables defined segment ram0 (defined between 0x80 0xFF): counter1 counter2. bytes space reserved counter1 counter2. Then, WORDS directive indicates that following constants ROM) variables RAM) addresses word. this example, there only constants section (from 0xE000 till 0xFFFF): table defined with DC.B directive list values decimal, hexadecimal binary) with DC.W define words first) table defined with WORD directive (take care with WORDS directive) used define words first label defined with directive which equivalent pointer (points second element table which next slide corresponding memory allocation table.
Memory Allocation
EXAMPLE
Label
Address
Content
segment 'ram0` counter1 DS.B .counter2 DS.B bsize byte counter byte counter
counter
counter2 table
$E000 $E001 $E002 $E003 $E004 $E005
WORDS
segment 'rom` .table1 .table2 .label DC.B DC.W WORD $10,$AA,50,%11111101 $B820 $9600,512 {table1+2}
label
table2
$E006 $E007 $E008 $E009
Here below description memory allocation corresponding previous slide: counter first variable defined segment ram0, will placed first available address this section which 0x80: bytes allocated counter1 Then, counter2 comes just after counter1, next available memory address 0x83 only byte reserved counter2. course, these variables aren't constants, their content already known; will initialize program (init routine beginning main). table1 first content defined segment usually constant file linked before main file (modulex.asm.), these constants will placed first this section (before code). table placed beginning this section which address 0xE000, content specified because course this time define constant. table then defined next available address which 0xE006 label points second element table
EXAMPLE
Const.inc
CONST.INC date: 01/05/2000* Device ST72254 TITLE "CONST.INC"
EXTERN counter1.b counter1's address byte EXTERN counter2.b counter2's address byte EXTERN table1.w table2's address word EXTERN table2.w table3's address word
These labels have been defined zero page segment 'ram0'
Declare external labels. They will used other modules (all labels have been defined public previously)
This constant file (.inc): variables labels that have been defined public that need other modules have defined this constant.inc file EXTERN: EXTERN counter1.b: means that address counter1 byte that counter1 accessed through short addressing mode list variables contained short section (byte addresses) long, replace BYTES directive above. EXTERN table1.w: means that address table1 word (16-bit long) list variables constants contained long section (word addresses) long, replace WORDS directive above.
EXAMPLE
ST72254.inc
ST72254.INC date: 01/05/2000 Device ST72254 TITLE "ST72254.INC" EXTERN EXTERN EXTERN EXTERN PCDR.b PCDDR.b PCOR.b PBDR.b PCDR's address byte PCDDR's address byte PCOR's address byte PBDR's address byte
Same format than other files (cf. const.inc)
This exactly same thing file: registers called different main modules, have define them EXTERN map.inc file (here ST72254.inc). This file provided software library with corresponding .asm file.
ASSEMBLER:
Defining macros
macro faster execute code: there stacking return addresses (less stack activity) program size bigger using macros than subroutines:
Each time invoke macro particular job, whole macro assembly code inserted into your source code Trade between code size execution time
Very usefull when small size code must used repeatedely
Macros used when same piece code written several times. There example Macro just slide after.
ASSEMBLER
Defining macros
macro_name
MACRO [parameter_1] parameter_2.] [LOCAL label_name] [Body_of_the_macro] MEND
Example:
get_io loop MACRO LOCAL loop $C000; jrne loop MEND
$C000 content equal then. loop. equal, macro
"LOCAL" directive avoids have labels inside macro duplicated (because same macro called several time same module)
Parameters used these macros. directives define macro are: MACRO begin MEND finish it).
ASSEMBLER:
Conditional assembly
Conditional assembly used ignore select whole area code Example:
#IFDEF HIGH {HIGH #ELSE #ENDIF #ENDIF
#const.H #const.L
HIGH defined either:
code (#define directive) command line using switch HIGH
different conditionnal assembly directives described Software tools, User manual.
LINKER: Overview
linker:
Concatenates objects together create .cod file Checks resolves PUBLIC EXTERNAL references Checks places segments Scans libraries
Example:
st72254+module1+module2+const, appli; @list.rsp where list.rsp
linker tool which concatenates .obj files created assembler together create .cod file. above example, that extensions files specified, it's because linker knows that take into account only .obj files create .cod file. Don't forget finish linker command file with semicolon.
LINKER:
Overview
.inc WINDOWS .asm ASSEMBLER
.err WINDOWS .obj .grp .cod
file: used formatter
file: used tool chain
.tab
.lst .map .sym
file: information concerning segments, labels classes
file contains public symbols (symbol table list)
<.obj file> [+<.obj file>.], [<.cod file>], [<lib>], [+<lib>];
Here completed diagram with linker. linker also generate .map file containing information concerning created segments, labels. syntax quite simple: call linker tool list object files linker concatenate separated name .cod file want give created file optional library files once again separated command line finish with semicolon
FORMATTER:
Overview
Obsend general file formatter which converts .cod file into executable format useable programmers debuggers Example:
OBSEND appli,f,appli.s19,
will generate file appli.s19 containing code from appli.cod "Motorola S-record" format
formatter tool generates executable file (.s19 Motorola format) from .cod file generated linker.
FORMATTER: Option.
OBSEND <file>, [destination type] [,<args>], <format>
file video Name output file Format: specify output format
Intel Intel with 32-b data line Intel extended Motorola S-record byte/address) Motorola S-record extended S-record S-record Filled straight binary format industrial binary format
Here above syntax used call this tool. most used format (Motorola S-record). Take care that .cod, .map executable file (for example .s19 here) have have same name (see batch file page 32).
FORMATTER:
Overview
.inc WINDOWS .asm ASSEMBLER
.err WINDOWS .obj .grp .cod
WINDOWS OBSEND .s19
.tab
.lst .map .sym
Code from .cod file Motorola format this example)
OBSEND <file>, [destination type] [,<args>], <format>
Once again, here diagram completed with formatter tool.
LIBRARIAN:
Overview
Combines small useful object files (created user) library
Options:
+filename -filename !filename *filename adds object module library deletes object module from library updates object module library copies object module file lists library content exits prompt
librarian tool only used user created some librairies that wants application case lumps code reused). This tool creates from several useful .obj modules large .lib file. more information, refer software tools, user manual (page 55/134).
LIBRARIAN:
Overview
WINDOWS .inc WINDOWS .asm ASSEMBLER .obj .err WINDOWS .grp .tab .lst .map .sym .cod .lib
Library
WINDOWS OBSEND .s19
<library_name>
library gave does exist, asks it's library, then you'll report this library. list available options (command options) specified previous slide.
PROGRAMMING TIPS
Batch file
current assembler Crash-Barrier, modules assembled separately. That means that order fixed references relative addresses), modules have assembled second time after link "-FI" option enables perform absolute patch desired listing (.lst, .cod .map): updates symbol table listing file
PROGRAMMING TIPS
Batch file
WINDOWS .inc WINDOWS .asm ASSEMBLER .obj .err WINDOWS .grp .tab .lst .map .sym WINDOWS .cod .lib WINDOWS OBSEND .s19
WINDOWS
update listing files each module up-dated listing file needed STVD7
STVD7
Here complete diagram from assembler tool till debugger. second pass assembler needed after link order have updated symbol table, addresses listing files.
PROGRAMMING TIPS
Batch file
Example:
st72254.asm module1.asm module2.asm const.asm st72254 -sym -fi=appli.map module1 -sym -fi=appli.map module2 -sym -fi=appli.map const -sym -fi=appli.map OBSEND appli.cod,f,appli.s19,
This time, assembler does create .obj file uses mapfile created linker addresses
Here example batch file (corresponding previous files example). first each file assembled with option order generate listing file then created .obj files linked appli.cod file created -sym (updates symbol table generation) (updates symbol table listing file) options used second call assembler finally formatter called generate final .s19 file used program device debug program with emulator remind that .cod file, .map file .s19 file have have same name.
Exercise assembly langage
Constant.asm
WORDS segment 'rom` baud_rate .romtable .constant label PUBLIC label WORD DC.B DC.W 9600, 18200, main 125, $A8, %01110100, "StRiNg", 568, $FF86 {romtable+2}
BYTES segment 'ram0` .ramtable .variable .count DS.B DS.W DS.B
it's you. together previously, have fill memory location table page thanks piece codes tips given pages Treat first constant.asm file this file linked first.
Exercise assembly langage
WORDS segment 'rom' .main
Module1.asm
ramtable romtable main
Tips: 9600d 2580h; 18200d 4718h "StRiNg" 53h, 74h, 52h, 69h, 4Eh, 568d 238h 1Bh+F9h 14h; +:addition words
order place opcodes corresponding instructions module1.asm, programing manual.
Exercise assembly langage
Fill memory according files'constant.asm' &'module1.asm' shown previous slides.
Label Address Content
Label
Address Content
N.B. 'Constant.obj' linked first.
$E000
Exercise assembly langage
Fill memory according files'constant.asm' &'module1.asm' shown previous slides.
Label
ramtable variable count
Address Content
$E000
Label
Address Content
N.B. 'Constant.obj' linked first.
constant
$E010
main
$E014 $E016
romtable label
$E006 $E008
$E019 $E01A $E01B

STMicroelectronics ASSEMBLY TOOLCHAIN HIWARE TOOLCHAIN COSMIC TOOLCHAI

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