User's Guide Introduction stands Solid State Relay. First ma
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Cat. Y108-E1-1
User's Guide
Introduction
stands Solid State Relay. First marketed 1970's, SSRs have recently become very popular following reasons. means creating no-contact relays output power sections accompanying conversion control circuits ICs. means increasing service life reducing maintenance. means preventing operating errors caused through noise isolating signal circuits outputs. means reducing clicking sounds produced when load currents turn these other ways, SSRs have proven provide many special characteristics meet market needs, OMRON SSRs have been developed product series meet needs customers. This guidebook been produced response demand from customers provide product technical information required select best SSRs according purpose application. this, hope that this guidebook helpful applying OMRON SSRs.
OMRON constantly works increase quality reliability products. SSRs, however, semiconductors, which generally known malfunction fail from time time. When applying SSRs, consider required safety measures, such redundant designs, measures prevent spread fire, measures malfunctions, protect against personal damage, fire, public damage that might sult from failure SSR.
Basic Concepts SSRs.
What SSRs?
Difference between SSRs Mechanical Relays Control SSRs (ON/OFF Control, Cycle Control, Phase Control) Configuration Operating Principle Relays Application Examples Classifications Glossary
Designing Circuits
Input Circuit
Input Noise Input Conditions
Output Circuit
ON/OFF Output Noise Surges ON/OFF Output Noise Surges Circuits with Output SSRs Self-holding Circuits Selecting with Differing Loads Inrush Currents Transformer Loads Transformer Selection Controlling Power Transformer Loads
Load Power Supply.
Rectified Currents Operating Frequency Load Power Supply Voltage Loads Phase-controlled Power Supplies
Application Circuit Examples.
Connection Sensor Switching Control Incandescent Lamp Temperature Control Electric Furnace Forward Reverse Operation Single-phase Motor ON/OFF Control Three-phase Inductive Motor Forward Reverse Operation Three-phase Motor Forward/Reverse Rotation: Example
Fail-safe Concept
Error Mode Short-circuit Protection (Fuse Selection) Overcurrent Protection Operation Indicator
Heat Radiation Designing
Heat Radiation Heat Sink Selection Calculating Heat Sink Area Control Panel Heat Radiation Designing Types Cooling Device
Mounting Installation
Operation
Leakage Current Screw Tightening Torque Mounting Panel Quality Tightening Torque Surface-mounting Socket Mounting Dismounting Direction Wiring Wrapping Terminal Socket Terminal Soldering Precautions Cutting Terminals Deformed Terminals (10) Hold-down Clips (11) Ultrasonic Cleaning (12) Terminal Arrangements Internal Connections
Panel Mounting
Mounting Pitch Relationship between SSRs Ducts Ventilation Confirmation after Installation
Operation Storage Environment Precautions.
Ambient Temperature (Operating) Operation Storage Locations Extended Storage Vibration Shock Solvents Handling
PCB-mounting
Suitable Mounting Space Direction Mounting
Reliability.
Failure Rate Life Expectancy. Quality Reliability Reliability Test Noise Test Dielectric Strength Insulation Resistance Dielectric Strength Internal Elements.
What zero cross function? does input current vary with SSR? What difference switching with thyristor triac?. What characteristics thyristors triacs?. What snubber circuit? What hybrid SSR? there SSRs with normally closed contacts? What soft start function? What model numbers mean? Q10. What difference between recommended values rated values? Q11. What counter-electromotive force? Q12. What meaning fuse selection?. Q13. does operating time vary between inputs inputs? Q14. What relationship between leakage current load voltage?. Q15. possible connect SSRs series? Q16. possible connect 200-VAC SSRs series 400-VAC load? Q17. possible connect SSRs parallel? Q18. possible connect output load negative electrode? either positive negative load connected? Q19. What portion power factor load practically applicable? Q20. minimum load current most SSRs limited Q21. most SSRs switch micro-loads? Q22. does relay make noise when switched with SSR? Q23. current stable when power supply switched OFF?. What ideal pattern widths pitches PCB? Q25. much thermal resistance required heat sink? What thermal resistance SSR? Q26. panel frame used place heat sink? Q27. What carry current characteristics radiator? Q28. What silicon grease?. Q29. What output configuration suitable when used combination with temperature controller?
Q30. What precautions necessary when driving number SSRs with temperature outputs? Q31. possible protect motor with mechanical thermal? Q32. What precautions necessary forward/reverse operation single-phase motor? Q33. possible three-phase turn three single-phase circuits OFF? Q34. time required between forward operation reverse operation three-phase motor? Q35. Does have mounting direction? Q36. What precautions required high-density mounting gang mounting? Q37. What non-repetitive inrush current? Q38. What kind failure SSRs have most frequently? Q39. What will happen load voltage exceeds upper limit?. Q40. possible replace defective part SSR? Q41. multimeter check OFF?. Q42. there methods check whether works not? Q43. relays used both loads? Q44. What differences between SSRs power relays? Q45. What kind applications power relays used for?
Troubleshooting Flowcharts Index
Basic Concepts SSRs Basic Concepts SSRs What SSRs?
Difference between SSRs Mechanical Relays
SSRs (Solid State Relays) have movable contacts. SSRs very different operation from mechanical relays that have movable contacts. SSRs, however, employ semiconductor switching elements, such thyristors, triacs, diodes, transistors. Furthermore, SSRs employ optical semiconductors called photocouplers isolate input output signals. Photocouplers change electric signals into optical signals relay signals through space, thus fully isolating input output sections while relaying signals high speed. SSRs consist electronic parts with mechanical contacts. Therefore, SSRs have variety features that mechanical relays incorporate. greatest feature SSRs that SSRs switching contacts that will physically wear out. SSRs ideal wide range applications following performance characteristics. They provide high-speed, high-frequency switching operations. They have contact failures. They generate little noise. They have noise. Configuration SSRs
Isolated input circuit
Basic Concepts SSRs
SSRs (Representative Example Switching Loads)
Triac
Input Light Output
Phototriac coupler
operation noise Phototriac coupler Triac Long life Most SSRs SPST-NO
arcing
Zero cross function
High-speed, high-frequency switching
Minimal noise generation Drive circuit
Heat dissipation required
Trigger circuit
Input circuit
surge voltage damage elements.
Leakage current Snubber circuit
Electromagnetic Relay (EMR)
Electrical isolation
Input terminals Output terminals
circuit configuration
Semiconductor output element
generates electromagnetic force when input voltage applied coil. electromagnetic force moves armature that switches contacts synchronization. EMRs only mounted control panels, also used wide range applications. principle operation EMRs simple possible manufacture EMRs costs.
Contact
Output circuit
Input circuit
Drive circuit
Diode, capacitor, resistor, varistor
Diode, LED, resistor, transistor
Power MOSFET, power
Input
transistor, thyristor, triac
Output terminals
Output Electromagnetic force
Phototriac coupler
Input terminals
Photocoupler
Resistor, capacitor, varistor
Coil
Component Configuration
generation
Contact failures result
Resistor
Photocoupler
Capacitor
Possible bouncing chattering Contact Multi-pole construction possible Coil Service life 100,000 100,000,000 operations Output Operating noise leakage current
Power transistor (for loads) Power (for loads) Thyristor (for loads) Triac (for loads)
Input Rated operating voltage tolerance (10%)
Wide ranges power supply voltages load power supply voltages
Basic Concepts SSRs
Control SSRs (ON/OFF Control, Cycle Control, Phase Control)
Basic Concepts SSRs
Phase Control (Single Phase)
ON/OFF control form control where heater turned turning response voltage output signals from Temperature Controller. same kind control also possible with electromagnetic relay control where heater turned intervals seconds over period several years, then must used. With cycle control (G32A-EA), output voltage turned ON/OFF fixed interval Control performed response current output from Temperature Controller range Note Precaution Cycle Control With cycle control, current flows five times every second (because control cycle With transformer load, following problems occur large input current (approximately times rated current), controlling power transformer primary side possible.
Half cycle
Temperature Controller
Current output
Power controller
Enables precise temperature control increases heater's service life.
destroyed there sufficient leeway rating. breaker load circuit tripped. With phase control, output changed every half-cycle response current output signals range from Temperature Controller. Using this form control, high-precision temperature control possible, used widely with semiconductor equipment. ON/OFF Control
Configuration Operating Principle Relays
relays SSRs that power FETs output elements. order operate power FETs, photodiode arrays used light-receiving elements. When current flows into input terminal, lights. This light generates photoelectromotive force photodiode array, this acts gate voltage that turns power FET. connecting power FETs using source common, control loads possible. There models control loads, which have just power FET. (Refer Q43, Q44, Q&A.)
Power
Photodiode array
Gate
Drain
Control circuit
Source
Varistor Output
Input
Gate
Drain Temperature Controller Voltage output
There varistor G3VM relay signalling.
Enables low-cost, noiseless operation without maintenance requirements. Cycle Control
Temperature Controller
Current output
Cycle Control Unit
Enables noiseless operation with high-speed response.
Basic Concepts SSRs
Application Examples
conditioners Kerosene heaters Home electronics cleaners Refrigerators Electronic carpet
Basic Concepts SSRs
SSRs used variety electric machines devices
Factory machines (e.g., molding machines) Food-related machines (e.g., packaging machines) Industrial machinery Industrial robots Industrial machines control equipment (e.g., programmable controllers)
Medical equipment (e.g., scanners) Physics chemistry Physical chemical equipment (e.g., temperature controlled baths)
Applications
Automatic vending amusement
Automatic vending machines Amusement machines
Telephone exchanges Communications measurement Telephones Measuring equipment
machines equipment Copy machines
Transportation
Railroad-related applications (e.g., lamp seat heaters) Traffic signals
Basic Concepts SSRs
Classifications
Basic Concepts SSRs
SSRs classified appearance, such panel-mounting models, socket models, models, applications, shown below. optimum selected depending purpose, this another important feature SSRs. Classification Application Application Heater Control These SSRs applicable machines which require highly sensitive temperature control turning heaters OFF, such molding equipment, packaging machines, solderers. These SSRs feature plug-in models, replaceable power element cartridge models, built-in heat sink model. They meet high-capacity, high ON/OFF frequency requirements heater control. Motor Control These SSRs applicable machines which require motor inching operation reversible operation, such machine tools, conveyors, packaging equipment. They have high-speed response time high frequency, required inching reversible operation. These SSRs meet requirements isolated transmission control output from Position Controllers actuator. particular, G3DZ G3RZ Relays output element allow shared Relays both low-leakagecurrent circuits. Office Automation, Home Automation, Amusement Machines These SSRs have high ON/OFF frequency, noiseless operation, when compared mechanical relays, have greater resistance vibration, shock, dust dirt, gas, making them ideal situations where these factors important. Panel-mounted Interfaces These SSRs same shape generalpurpose relays, they have same sockets mounted according their respective shapes. They ideal interface applications where high-frequency switching required, also used wide variety general-purpose applications, such directly switching loads. Recommended SSRs
Single-phase Three-phase G3PB G3PB
G3PX
G3PA
G3NA
G3NE
G3NH
G3NA
G3NE
G3TB
G3DZ
(I/O)
G3RZ
G3TA
G3CN
G3MB
G3MC
G3NA
G3DZ
Basic Concepts SSRs
Glossary
Terms Insulation Basic insulation Supplemental insulation Reinforced insulation Meaning
Basic Concepts SSRs
Insulation basic protection from electric shock (IEC950 1.2.9.2) Independent insulation provided outside basic insulation protect from electric shock when basic insulation breaks down (IEC950 1.2.9.3) single-layer insulation (IEC950 1.2.9.5) that provides same protection from electric shock double insulation (insulation including both basic supplemental insulation) according conditions stipulated IEC950 standards circuit which starts operation with load voltage close zero-phase. circuit controlling triac thyristor trigger signal, which turns load current OFF. external circuit prone generating noise, wires from external sources prone influence inductive noise, order prevent malfunctions noise, necessary electrically isolate internal circuits external circuits (output circuits). isolated input circuit circuit that isolates inputs outputs using components that connected electrically that transmit signals, such contact relays photocouplers. component that runs electric signal into light emitter (e.g., LED), changes light signal, then returns electric signal using photoelectric conversion element, such photo transistor. space used transferring light signal isolated thus providing good insulation high propagation speed. voltage that serves standard value input signal voltage Minimum input voltage when output status changes from impedance input circuit resistance current-limiting resistors used. Impedance varies with input signal voltage case constant current input method. permissible voltage range within which voltage input signal voltage fluctuate. Maximum input voltage when output status changes from OFF. current value when rated voltage applied. This effective value power supply voltage that used load switching continuous-OFF state.
Circuit functions Input
Zero cross circuit Trigger circuit Isolated input circuit
Photocoupler
Rated voltage Must-operate voltage Input impedance Operating voltage Reset voltage Input current Output Load voltage
Maximum load current effective value maximum current that continuously flow into output terminals under specified cooling conditions (i.e., size, materials, thickness heat sink, ambient temperature radiating condition). Leakage current Output voltage drop effective value current that flow into output terminals when specified load voltage applied with output turned OFF. effective value voltage that appears across output terminals when maximum load current flows through under specified cooling conditions (such size, material, thickness heat sink, ambient temperature radiation conditions, etc.). circuit consisting resistor capacitor which prevents faulty ignition from occurring triac suppressing sudden rise voltage applied triac. This generic name semiconductors such thyristor, triac, power transistor, power FET. particular, triacs often used SSRs because they allow switching performed with element. This rating output semiconductor that used loads.
Minimum load current minimum load current which operate normally. Snubber circuit Semiconductor output element (switching element) Repetitive peak OFFstate voltage (VDRM)
Collector-emitter volt- This rating output semiconductor that used loads. (VCEO) Characteristics Operating time Release time Insulation resistance Dielectric strength time between moment specified signal voltage imposed input terminals output turned time between moment imposed signal input turned output turned OFF. resistance between input output terminals terminals metal housing (heat sink) when voltage imposed. effective voltage that withstand when applied between input terminals output terminals terminals metal housing (heat sink) more than minute. ranges temperature humidity which operate normally under specified cooling, input/output voltage, current conditions. temperature range which stored without voltage imposition.
Ambient temperature humidity (operating) Storage temperature
Basic Concepts SSRs
Terms Others Inrush current resistance Counter-electromotive force Recommended applicable load Bleeder resistance Meaning
Basic Concepts SSRs
current which applied short periods time electrical element. Extremely steep voltage rise which occurs when load switched turned OFF. recommended load capacity which takes into account safety factors ambient temperature inrush current. resistance connected parallel load order increase apparently small load currents, that ON/OFF minute currents functions normally. also used shunt leakage currents.)
Designing Circuits Designing Circuits Input Circuit
Input Noise
SSRs need only small amount power operate. This input terminals must shut electrical noise much possible. Noise applied input terminals result malfunction. following describe measures taken against pulse noise inductive noise. Pulse Noise combination capacitor resistor absorb pulse noise effectively. following example noise absorption circuit with capacitor resistor connected SSR.
Filter
Designing Circuits
Twisted-pair wires: electromagnetic noise Shielded cable: static noise filter consisting combination capacitor resistor will effectively reduce noise generated from high-frequency equipment.
Pulse width
High-frequency device
Pulse voltage
Note
0.01
value must decided carefully. value must large supply voltage will able satisfy required input voltage value. larger value longer release time will time required discharge electricity.
Pulse width
Input Conditions
Input Voltage Ripples When there ripple input voltage, that peak voltage lower than maximum operating voltage root voltage above minimum operating voltage.
Peak voltage
Root voltage
Countermeasures Leakage Current When powered transistor output, reset voltage insufficient leakage current transistor during power OFF. counteract this, connect bleeder resistance shown diagram below resistance that voltage applied both ends resistance less than half reset voltage SSR.
Bleeder resistance Pulse voltage
Note
low-voltage models, sufficient voltage applied because relationship between internal impedance. When deciding value check input impedance SSR. bleeder resistance obtained shown below. IL-I
Inductive Noise wire power lines alongside input lines. Inductive noise cause malfunction. inductive noise imposed input terminals SSR, following cables according type inductive noise, reduce noise level less than reset voltage SSR.
Voltage applied both ends bleeder resistance half reset voltage Leakage current transistor Reset current
Load
Designing Circuits
actual value reset current given datasheet when calculating value bleeder resistance, following formula. Reset current Minimum value reset voltage Input impedance SSRs with constant-current input circuits (e.g., G3NA, G3PA, G3PB), calculation performed calculation G3M-202P DC24 shown below example. Reset current 0.625 Bleeder resistance ON/OFF Frequency ON/OFF frequency should maximum load ON/OFF maximum load ON/OFF. occurs frequencies exceeding these values, output will able follow Input Impedance SSRs which have wide input voltages (such G3H), input impedance varies according input voltage changes input current. input voltage low, influence voltage drop input large, input impedance will higher than expected. voltage high that voltage drop ignored, input impedance will close resistance 0.625
Designing Circuits
Applicable Input Impedance Photocoupler-type with Indicators (Example) G3B, G3F, (With Indicators)
Input current (mA) Input impedance
Input current
Input impedance
Input voltage
Applicable Input Impedance (Example) G3CN
Input current (mA) Input impedance
Input current
Input
Input impedance
semiconductor-driven SSRs, changes voltage cause malfunction semiconductor, sure check actual device before usage. following examples. Refer SSR's datasheet impedance individual models.
Input voltage
Applicable Input Impedance Photocoupler-type without Indicators (Example) G3F, (Without Indicators)
Input current (mA) Input impedance
Input current
Input impedance
Input voltage
Designing Circuits Output Circuit
ON/OFF Output Noise Surges
there large voltage surge current being used SSR, snubber circuit built into between load terminals will sufficient suppress surge, transient peak element voltage will exceeded, causing overvoltage damage SSR. There models that have built-in surge absorbing varistor. (Refer SSR's datasheet details.) When switching inductive load OFF, sure take countermeasures against surge, such adding surge absorbing element. following example, surge voltage absorbing element added. Basically, does have built-in varistor, will effective, does have built-in varistor, will effective. practice, necessary confirm correct operation under actual operating conditions.
Varistor
Designing Circuits
(Reference) Selecting Diode Withstand voltage Power supply voltage Forward current load current Selecting Zener Diode Zener voltage SSR's connector-emitter voltage (Power supply voltage Zener surge reverse power Load current Safety factor Note When Zener voltage increased (Vz), Zener diode capacity RSM) also increased.
Circuits with Output SSRs
G3DZ G3RZ following type circuit. standard SSRs, otherwise circuit reset.
Logic circuit input
Input
Load
Output
Varistor
Reset failure will occur following case: Logic circuit input voltage Power supply voltage (SSR's output voltage drop Number SSRs)
Select element which meets conditions table below surge absorbing element. Voltage Varistor voltage 1,000 Surge resistance 1,000 min.
Self-holding Circuits
Self-holding circuits must mechanical relays. SSRs cannot used design self-holding circuits.
Selecting with Differing Loads
following provides examples inrush currents different loads.
ON/OFF Output Noise Surges
Load Inrush Current
Load
Resistance load
When load, such solenoid electromagnetic valve connected, connect diode that prevents counter-electromotive force. counter-electromotive force exceeds withstand voltage output element, could result damage output element. prevent this, insert element parallel load, shown following diagram table.
Solenoid
Incan descent lamp
Motor
Capacitor Relay
Load
Approx. Inrush current/ times Normal current Waveform
Approx. times
Approx. times
Approx. times
Approx. times
absorption element, diode most effective suppressing counter-electromotive force. release time solenoid electromagnetic valve will, however, increase. sure check circuit before use. shorten time, connect Zener diode regular diode series. release time will shortened same rate that Zener voltage (Vz) Zener diode increased. Absorption Element Example Absorption element
Inrush current
Diode
Diode Zener diode
Varistor
Effectiveness
Normal current
Designing Circuits
Heater Load (Resistive Load) Load without inrush current. Generally used together with voltage-output temperature controller heater ON/OFF switching. When used with with zero cross function, suppresses most noise generated. This type load does not, however, include all-metal ceramic heaters. Since resistance values normal temperatures all-metal ceramic heaters low, overcurrent will occur SSR, causing damage. switching all-metal ceramic heaters, select Power Controller (G3PX) with long soft-start time, constant-current type SSR.
Heater load Temperature Controller (voltage-output type) Input Output
Designing Circuits
Half-wave Rectified Circuit electromagnetic counters solenoids have built-in diodes, which half-wave rectifiers. these types loads, halfwave voltage does reach output. SSRs with zero cross function, this cause them turn methods counteracting this problem described below. (a)Connect bleeder resistance with approximately load current.
Bleeder resistance
Load
Lamp Load Large inrush current flows through incandescent lamps, halogen lamps, (approx. times higher than rated current value). Select that peak value inrush current does exceed half inrush current resistance SSR. Refer "Repetitive" (indicated dashed lines) shown following figure. When repetitive inrush current greater than half inrush current resistance applied, output element damaged.(Refer Q&A.)
SSRs without zero cross function. Full-wave Rectified Loads electromagnetic counters solenoids have built-in diodes which full-wave rectifiers. load current these types loads rectangular wave pattern, shown diagram below.
Inrush current Peak)
Non-repetitive
Load Repetitive
Power supply time (ms)
used switch fluorescent lamp, waveform power supply voltage will distorted, flickering will occur. Fluorescent lamps discharge tubes, have transformers producing high voltages. this reason, noise harmonics generated result distortions power supply voltage, small phase gaps, differences positive negative ON-voltages. Motor Load When motor started, inrush current times rated current flows inrush current flows longer time. addition measuring startup time motor inrush current during use, ensure that peak value inrush current less than half inrush current resistance when selecting SSR. damaged counter-electromotive force from motor. when turned OFF, sure install overcurrent protection. Transformer Load When switched energizing current times rated current flows through there load secondary circuit, energizing current will reach maximum value. Select that energizing current does exceed half inrush current resistance SSR. (Refer page 18.)
Circuit current wave pattern
Accordingly, SSRs triac (which turns element only when circuit current output element. load current waveform rectangular, will result reset error. When switching load whose waves rectified, model Power Relay. -V-model SSRs:G3F-203SL-V, G3H-203SL-V Power Relay:G3DZ, G3RZ, G3FM Small-capacity Loads Even when there input signal there small leakage current (IL) from output (LOAD). this leakage current larger than load release current fail reset.
Designing Circuits
Connect bleeder resistance parallel increase switching current.
Designing Circuits
inrush current resistance OMRON's SSRs specified condition that SSRs non-repetitive operation. your application requires repetitive switching, with inrush current resistance twice high rated value (Ipeak).
IL-I
Load (relays etc.) reset voltage Load (relays etc.) reset current
Bleeder resistance
Load power supply
Load
resistance transformer calculated back from inrush current resistance using following formula. peak/I peak V)/I peak applicable SSRs based resistance, refer tables page These tables list SSRs with corresponding inrush current conditions. When using SSRs actual applications, however, check that steady-state currents transformers satisfy rated current requirement each SSR. Rated Current underlined digits refer rated current (i.e., case above model). Three digits used G3NH only. G3NH: G3NH- 075B G3NH- 150B Condition ambient temperature (the temperature inside panel) within rated value specified. Condition right heat sink provided SSR.
Bleeder resistance standards: 100-VAC power supply, 200-VAC power supply,
dV/dt: voltage increase ratio
dV/dt ratio tends infinity, will turn OFF.
Capacitive Load supply voltage plus charge voltage capacitor applied both ends when OFF. Therefore, model with input voltage rating twice size supply voltage. Limit charge current capacitor less than half peak inrush current value allowed SSR.
Inrush Currents Transformer Loads
inrush current from transformer load will reach peak when secondary side transformer open, when mutual reactance will work. will take half cycle power supply frequency inrush current reach peak, measurement which without oscilloscope will difficult. inrush current however, estimated measuring resistance transformer. self-reactance transformer actual operation, actual inrush current will less than calculated value. peak peak/R V)/R transformer resistance load power supply voltage following inrush current will flow. peak (1.414 220)/3 103.7
Inverter Load inverter-controlled power supply load power supply SSR. Waveforms inverter-controlled voltages rectangular. Semiconductor output elements (triac, thyristor) able respond steep voltage increases (dV/dt becomes extremely large), fail reset (also called turn-OFF problem commutating dV/dt failure). inverter-controlled power supply used input side provided effective voltage within normal operating voltage range SSR.
voltage equal this SSR's leakage current (mA) Impedance load applied both ends resistance. bleeder resistance used make this voltage less than load's reset voltage.
-240
case above, resistance 207.4 more.
-220
with inrush current
Designing Circuits
Load Power Supply Voltage: Load power supply voltage min. 0.65 min. 0.71 min. 0.78 Transformer resistance Inrush inrush current current resistance 1,800 -220 -240 -260
Designing Circuits
Applicable G3PA -225 -235 -245 -G3PB G3NA -210 -220 -240 -G3NE -210 -220 -G3NH
0.16 0.35 0.18 0.38 0.19 0.42 Load Power Supply Voltage: Load power supply voltage min. 0.71 10.4 min. 10.3 0.78 11.4 min. 11.3 0.85 Transformer resistance
-2150
Inrush inrush current current resistance 1,800
Applicable G3PA -225 -235 -245 -G3PB G3NA -210 -220 -240 -G3NE -210 -220 -G3NH
-220 -240 -260
0.32 0.70 0.35 0.77 0.38 0.84 Load Power Supply Voltage: Transformer resistance min. 0.63 Inrush current
-2150
inrush current resistance 1,800
Applicable G3PA -415B-3(-2) -425B-3(-2) -435B-3(-2) -445B-3(-2) -G3PB G3NA -410B -420B -440B -4075B -4150B G3NH
-420B-VD(-2) -430B-VD(-2) -450B-VD(-2)
Load Power Supply Voltage: Transformer resistance min. 0.70 Inrush current inrush current resistance 1,800 -420B-VD-2 -430B-VD-2 -450B-VD-2 -Applicable G3PA -410B -420B -440B -G3NA -4075B -4150B G3NH
Load Power Supply Voltage: Transformer resistance min. Inrush current inrush current resistance -420B-VD-2 -430B-VD-2 -450B-VD-2 Applicable G3PA -410B -420B -440B G3NA
-210
-215
-205
-205
-2075
0.36 0.64 0.39 0.70 0.43 0.77
-210
-215
-205
-205
-2075
Designing Circuits
Transformer Selection
Designing Circuits
SSRs used switch between transformer taps. this case, however, aware voltage induced OFF-side SSR. induced voltage increases proportion number turns winding that almost equivalent voltage. following example. power supply voltage 100, 100, SSR2 Then difference voltage between output terminals SSR1 (i.e., twice high power supply voltage).
SSR1 SSR2 Load heater
Controlling Power Transformer Loads
With cycle control, current flows five times every second (because control cycle With transformer load, following problems occur large inrush current (approximately times rated current), controlling power transformer primary side possible. destroyed there sufficient leeway rating. breaker load circuit tripped.
Designing Circuits Load Power Supply
Rectified Currents
load power supply used full-wave half-wave rectified currents, sure that peak load current does exceed maximum usage load power supply SSR. Otherwise, overvoltage will cause damage output element SSR.
Peak voltage
Designing Circuits
operating voltage maxi value
Operating Frequency Load Power Supply
operating frequency range load power supply This response speed internal triac thyristor elements SSR. Although operates less than performance cannot guaranteed these ranges. frequency exceeds cannot switch load. loads with triac thyristor output element operates frequency (i.e., like load), reset failure occurs. This kind cannot used this operation.
Voltage Loads
load power supply used under voltage below minimum operating load voltage SSR, loss time voltage applied load will become longer than that operating voltage range. following load example. (The loss time Make sure that this loss time will cause problems, before operating SSR. load voltage falls below trigger voltage will turn sure load voltage minimum. G3PA-VD G3NA-2
Trigger voltage
Trigger voltage
Loss time
Phase-controlled Power Supplies
Phase-controlled power supply used POWER SSRs SSRs that have triac thyristor output.
Voltage waveform
Current waveform
inductance load causes current phase delay shown above. Therefore, loss great that caused resistive load. This because high voltage already imposed when input current drops zero turned OFF.
Designing Circuits Application Circuit Examples
Connection Sensor
connects directly Proximity Sensor Photoelectric Sensor.
Fuse nonfuse breaker
Designing Circuits
ON/OFF Control Three-phase Inductive Motor
Single SSRs Combination
Motor Fuse nonfuse breaker Input signal source ThreeS phase power supply
(Brown)
Sensor
(Black)
(Blue)
Sensors: E2E-X(-D( Proximity Sensor Photoelectric Sensor
Switching Control Incandescent Lamp
Fuse nonfuse breaker
Incandescent lamp
Load power supply
Using G3J-series Solid State Contactor Three-phase Motor Control Note Refer following pages.
Input signal source
Load power supply
Forward Reverse Operation Threephase Motor
Single SSRs Combination Make sure that signals input into Units proper Units applied forward reverse operation three-phase motor. shown following circuit diagram switched over simultaneously, phase short-circuit will result load side, which damage output elements Units. This because triac output element that turned until load current becomes zero regardless absence input signals into SSR. Therefore, make sure that there time more switch over SW2. damaged phase short-circuiting malfunctions with noise input circuit SSR. protect from phase short-circuiting damage, protective resistance inserted into circuit. value protective resistance must determined according withstanding inrush current SSR. example, G3NA-220B withstands inrush current value protective resistance obtained from following. /200A
Temperature Control Electric Furnace
Fuse nonfuse breaker
Input signal source Temperature Controller
Load heater INPUT
Forward Reverse Operation Singlephase Motor
Motor Fuse nonfuse breaker
Load power supply
Load power supply
Considering circuit current weld time, insert protective resistance into side that reduces current consumption. Obtain consumption power resistance from following.
Note:
voltage between load terminals either turned approximately twice high supply voltage coupling. sure apply model with rated output voltage least twice supply voltage. example, motor operates supply voltage VAC, must have output voltage higher. Make sure that there time more switch over SW2.
Safety factor Load current, Protective resistance, Safety factor
Designing Circuits
Designing Circuits
Fuse non-fuse breaker
Using G3J-series Solid State Contactor Three-phase Motor Control Harmonized protection ensured motor overcurrents. sure supply power through fuse non-fuse breaker protect from damage short-circuiting.
Standard Models
DC-input Models G3J-(BL, G3J-(BL-2 Transistor Input Circuit
Three-phase, Fuse non-fuse breaker
DC-input Models G3J-(BL, G3J(BL-2 Transistor Input Circuit
Three-phase, Fuse non-fuse breaker
AC-input Models G3J-(BL, G3J-(BL-2
Three-phase, Fuse non-fuse breaker
Thermal overload relay Motor Motor
Thermal overload relay Motor
Thermal overload relay
Designing Circuits
Soft-start/Soft-start/stop Models G3J-S(BL, G3J-T(BL Transistor Input Circuit
Three-phase, (380 VAC) Fuse non-fuse breaker
Designing Circuits
G3J-S(BL, G3J-T(BL Transistor Input Circuit
Three-phase, (380 VAC) Fuse non-fuse breaker
Thermal overload relay Motor
Thermal overload relay Motor
Note:
When minimum applicable load thermal relay auxiliary contacts becomes smaller than input current G3J, insert bleeder resistance. Connect thermal relay contact line. Connecting thermal relay contact input will cause contact failure.
Self-hold Circuits
G3J-(BL, G3J-(BL-2
Three-phase, Fuse non-fuse breaker
G3J-S(BL, G3J-T(BL
Three-phase, (380 VAC) Fuse non-fuse breaker
DPST-NO relay
Thermal overload relay Motor Motor
Thermal overload relay
Note: sure fuse non-fuse breaker protect G3J.
Designing Circuits
Forward/Reverse Rotation: Example
Three-phase, (380 VAC) Fuse non-fuse breaker Switch reverse rotation Switch forward rotation Forward rotation Reverse rotation
Designing Circuits
G3J-S G3J-T with Reversible Contactor with Built-in Mechanical Interlock Function
Reversible contactor
G3J-S
Thermal overload relay Motor
Note:
sure fuse non-fuse breaker protect G3J. sure that interval between forward reverse operations least sure apply input signal G3J-S after reversible contactor starts operating. input signal applied before contactor starts operating, soft-start function operate.
Three-phase, (380 VAC) Fuse non-fuse breaker Reverse rotation
Forward rotation
Reversible contactor
relaysequential timer circuit
G3J-T
relaysequential timer circuit
Signal received from thermal
Thermal overload relay Motor
Note:
sure fuse non-fuse breaker protect G3J.
Designing Circuits
Designing Circuits
soft-stop control, G3J-T enough load current continue rotating motor during ramp-down time setting even after control signal G3J-T turned OFF. Therefore, time required between time when G3J-T stops operating time when reversible contactor turned OFF. ramp-down time G3J-T adjustable approximately max. Therefore, time initial sequence during adjustment stage. Adjust time sequential circuit according application.
Forward rotation Reversible signal Reverse rotation
G3J-T control signal Forward rotation Contactor control signal Reverse rotation
Soft-stop time
Soft-stop time
Designing Circuits Fail-safe Concept
Error Mode
optimum relay high-frequency switching high-speed switching, misuse mishandling damage elements cause other problems. consists semiconductor elements, will break down these elements damaged surge voltage overcurrent. Most faults associated with elements short-circuit malfunctions, whereby load cannot turned OFF. Therefore, provide fail-safe feature control circuit using SSR, design circuit which contactor circuit breaker load power supply side will turn load when causes error. design circuit that only turns load power supply with SSR. example, causes half-wave error circuit which motor connected load, energizing cause overcurrent flow through motor, thus burning motor. prevent this from occurring, design circuit which circuit breaker stops overcurrent motor.
Designing Circuits
Operation Indicator
operation indicator turns when current flows through input circuit. does indicate that output element
Input terminal
Location Input area Output area Whole Unit
Cause Overvoltage Overvoltage Overcurrent Ambient temperature exceeding maximum Poor heat radiation
Result Input element damage Output element damage Output element damage
Short-circuit Protection (Fuse Selection) Overcurrent Protection
short-circuit current overcurrent flowing through load will damage output element SSR. Connect quick-break fuse series with load overcurrent protection measure. Design circuit that protection coordination conditions quick-break fuse satisfy relationship between surge resistance (IS), quick-break fuse current-limiting feature (IF), load inrush current (IL), shown following chart.
Peak current
Time (unit:
Provide appropriate non-fuse breaker each machine overcurrent protection machine.
Input indicator
Output terminal
Input circuit
Drive circuit
Designing Circuits Heat Radiation Designing
Heat Radiation
Triacs, thyristors, power transistors semiconductors that used output circuit. These semiconductors have residual voltage internally when turned This called output-ON voltage drop. load current, Joule heating will result consequently. heating value obtained from following formula. Heating value Output-ON voltage drop Carry current example, load current flows from G3NA-210B, following heating value will obtained. 12.8 employs power output, heating value calculated from ON-state resistance power instead. that case, heating value will obtained from following formula. Load current2 ON-state resistance G3RZ with load current used, following heating value will obtained. 0.52 ON-state resistance power rises with increase junction temperature power FET. Therefore, ON-state resistance varies while operation. load current load current higher, simple method, ON-state resistance will multiplied 1.5. usual operation switches current approximately with heat sink used. must switch higher current, heat sink will required. higher load current larger heat sink size will switching current more, size with heat sink will exceed single mechanical relay. This disadvantage SSRs circuit downsizing purposes.
Designing Circuits
Aluminum: aluminum-made heat sink recommended directly mounted control panels. Refer data sheet required heat sink area. Apply heat-radiation silicon grease heat conductive sheet between heat sink. There will space between heat sink attached SSR. Therefore, generated heat cannot radiated properly without grease. result, overheated damaged deteriorated.
Control Panel Heat Radiation Designing
Control equipment using semiconductors will generate heat, regardless whether SSRs used not. failure rate semiconductors greatly increases when ambient temperature rises. said that failure rate semiconductors will doubled when temperature rises 10°C. Therefore, absolutely necessary suppress interior temperature rise control panel order ensure long, reliable operation control equipment. this respect, said that installation cooling inevitable. Heat-radiating devices wide variety exists control panel. matter course, necessary consider total temperature rise well local temperature rise control panel. following description provides information total heat radiation designing control panel. shown below, heat conductivity will obtained from following formula, provided that temperature fluid that cool fluid separated fixed wall. Where, overall heat transfer coefficient (W/m2°C). This formula called formula overall heat transfer.
Temperature
fluid
Fixed wall Cool fluid
Distance
Heat Sink Selection
models with heat sinks incorporated (i.e., G3NA, G3NE, three-phase G3PB) need external heat sinks. When using these SSRs, select ideal combination heat sink according load current. following combinations ideal, example. G3NA-220B: Y92B-N100 G3NE-210T(L): Y92B-N50 G3PB-235B-3H-VD: Y92B-P200 standard heat sink equivalent OMRON-made used, condition that thermal resistance heat sink lower than that OMRON-made one. example, Y92B-N100 thermal resistance 1.63°c/ thermal resistance standard heat sink lower than this value (i.e., 1.5°c/w, example), standard heat sink used G3NA-220B. Thermal resistance indicates temperature rise unit (W). smaller value higher efficiency heat radiation will
When this formula applicable heat conductivity control panel under following conditions, heat conductivity will obtained shown below. Average rate overall heat transfer control panel: (W/m2°C) Internal temperature control panel: (°C) Ambient temperature: Surface area control panel: (m2) required cooling capacity obtained from following formula under following conditions. Desired internal temperature control panel: (°C) Total internal heat radiation control panel: Required cooling capacity: overall heat transfer coefficient standard fixed wall place with natural ventilation will (W/m 2°C). case standard control panel with cooling fan, empirically known fact that coefficient (W/m 2°C) practically applicable. Based this, required cooling capacity control panel obtained shown below. Example Desired internal temperature control panel: 40°C Ambient temperature: 30°C
Calculating Heat Sink Area
with external heat sink directly mounted control panels under following conditions. heat sink made steel used standard panels, apply current high higher than because heat conductivity steel less than that aluminum. Heat conductivity units varies with material described below. Steel:
Designing Circuits
Control panel size Self-sustained control panel (with bottom area excluded from calculation surface area) SSR: G3PA-240B Units continuous operation Total heat radiation control devices except SSRs: Output-ON voltage drop Load current SSRs Total heat radiation control devices except SSRs 1460 Heat radiation from control panel: Rate overall heat transfer (40°C 30°C) (2.5 0.5m 662.5 Therefore, required cooling capacity will obtained from following formula. 1,460 Therefore, heat radiation from surface control panel insufficient. More than heat quantity needs radiated outside control panel. Usually, ventilation with required capacity will installed. sufficient. conditioner control panel will installed. conditioner ideal long-time operation control panel because will effectively dehumidify interior control panel eliminate dust gathering control panel. Axial-flow fan: OMRON's R87B, R87F, R87T Series conditioner control panel: Apiste's Series Note
Designing Circuits
Conditioners Control Panels only these products offer highest cooling capacity, they also offer resistance dust humidity mutually isolating inside outside control panel.
OMRON does produce conditioners control panels.
Types Cooling Device
Axial-flow Fans (for Ventilation) These products used normal types cooling ventilation. OMRON's Axial-flow lineup includes R87F R87T Series.
Heat Exchangers Heat exchangers dissipate heat inside control panels along heat pipes. Using heat exchanger enables inside outside control panel mutually isolated, allowing locations subject dust mist. Note OMRON does produce heat exchangers.
Mounting Installation
Mounting Installation
Mounting Panel Quality
Mounting Installation
Leakage Current
Operation
leakage current flows through snubber circuit even when there power input. Therefore, always turn power input load check that safe before replacing wiring SSR.
Switch element Snubber circuit
G3NA G3NE SSRs mounted directly onto control panel, without heat sink, sure panel material with thermal resistance such aluminum steel. mount panel with high thermal resistance such panel coated with paint. Doing will decrease radiation efficiency SSR, causing heat damage output element. mount panel made wood other flammable material. Otherwise heat generated will cause wood carbonize, cause fire.
Trigger circuit Input circuit Varistor
Surface-mounting Socket
Leakage current
Make sure that surface-mounting socket screws tightened securely when mounted. Unit subjected shock vibration socket mounting screws loose, Socket SSR, lead wires detach. surface-mounting Sockets snapped 35-mm Track. holding bracket ensure proper connection between Socket. Otherwise detach from socket excessive vibration shock applied.
Screw Tightening Torque
Tighten terminal screws properly. screws tight, will damaged heat generated when power Perform wiring using tightening torque shown following table. Terminal Screw Tightening Torque Screw size M3.5 Recommended tightening torque 0.78 1.18 0.98 1.37 1.57 2.35 3.92 8.82
Mounting Dismounting Direction
Mount dismount from Socket perpendicular Socket surface. mounted dismounted with inclination from diagonal line, terminals bend properly inserted Socket.
Wiring Wrapping Terminal Socket
Refer following table conduct wiring properly. Improper wiring cause lead wires detach. Model Wrapping type Model (bit) Applicable wires Dia. Sheath length removed (mm) Approx. Number effective turns Standard terminal (mm) Draw-out force (kg) Applicable sleeve
Single-turn 21-A wrapping 22-A sheathed 23-A line Normal wrapping 20-A
0.65
Approx. Approx.
20-B
Terminal Soldering Precautions
solder lead wires terminal. Otherwise (e.g., G3NE) components will damaged.
Cutting Terminals
terminal using auto-cutter. Cutting terminal with devices such auto-cutter damage internal components.
Note
uses 0.65-mm-dia. wire that turned times. uses 0.8-mm-dia. wire that turned four times.
Deformed Terminals
attempt repair terminal that been deformed. Otherwise excessive force will applied SSR, will lose original performance capabilities.
(10) Hold-down Clips
Exercise care when pulling inserting hold-down clips that their form distorted. clip that already been deformed. Otherwise excessive force will applied
Mounting Installation
SSR, causing perform full capacity, also will have enough holding power, causing loose, resulting damage contacts.
Mounting Installation
(11) Ultrasonic Cleaning
ultrasonic cleaning. cleaned using ultrasonic cleaning after been mounted PCB, resonance ultrasonic waves result damage SSR's internal components.
(12) Terminal Arrangements Internal Connections
Bottom View shown below, bottom view terminal arrangement shown only terminals visible from side.
Rotating Direction Bottom View terminal arrangement printed side reflects actual terminal arrangement that will seen when bottom upside with rotated direction shown arrow with direction mark (coil side) located left-hand side.
Axis rotation
Mounting Installation Panel Mounting
SSRs mounted inside enclosed panel, radiated heat will stay inside, thus only dropping carry-current capacity SSRs also adversely affecting other electronic device mounted inside. Open some ventilation holes upper lower sides control panel before use. following illustrations provide recommended mounting example G3PA Units. They provide only rough guide sure confirm operating conditions using procedure detailed Confirmation after Installation page
Mounting Installation
Relationship between SSRs Ducts
max. (The recommended width half large depth G3PA less) Duct
Duct Depth
Duct
Mounting surface
G3PA
Mounting surface
Better
G3PA
Mounting Pitch
Duct Between duct G3PA
Panel Mounting
Vertical direction
Duct min. G3PA Mounting direction Host slave Vertical direction enclose with duct depth direction, otherwise heat radiation will adversely affected.
Duct
short duct depth direction.
Better
min. min. Mounting surface Duct
High-density gang mounting
flow
G3PA
high-density gang mounting maximum three Units possible. mount more than three Units closely together without providing 10-mm space next group Units.
height ducts cannot lowered, place SSRs metal base that they surrounded ducts.
Duct
Mounting Installation
Ventilation
aware flow
Mounting Installation
Duct
Duct Ventilation outlet
Duct
G3PA G3PA
G3PA
Duct inlet Duct
Duct
inlet outlet filter, clean filter regularly prevent from clogging ensure efficient flow air. locate objects around inlet outlet, otherwise objects obstruct proper ventilation control panel. heat exchanger, used, should located front G3PA Units ensure efficiency heat exchanger.
Confirmation after Installation
above conditions typical examples confirmed OMRON. application environment affect conditions ultimately ambient temperature must measured under power application confirm that load current-ambient temperature ratings satisfied each model. Ambient Temperature Measurement Conditions Measure ambient temperature under power application conditions that will product highest temperature control panel after ambient temperature become saturated. Refer Figure measurement position. there duct other equipment within measurement distance refer Figure side temperature cannot measured, refer Figure
Ambient temperature measurement position
Ambient temperature measurement position (100 less)
Other Device
Figure Basic Measurement Position Ambient Temperature
Figure Measurement Position when Duct Other Device Present
Ambient temperature measurement range
Figure Measurement Position when Side Temperature Cannot Measured more then SSRs mounted control panel, measure ambient temperature each row, position with highest temperature. Consult your OMRON dealer, however, measurement conditions different from those given above.
Mounting Installation Operation Storage Environment Precautions
Ambient Temperature (Operating)
rated operating ambient temperature determined proper ventilation. heat radiation conditions SSR, such fresh supply ventilation improper, operating ambient temperature will exceed rated value. result, will fail operate burn out. When using SSRs, check that circuits designed satisfy conditions specified under Load Currents Ambient Temperatures. aware that operating ambient temperature will excessive, depending environmental conditions (e.g., weather indoor air-conditioning conditions) operating conditions (e.g., enclosed panel mounting).
Mounting Installation
Operation Storage Locations
operate store following locations. Doing result malfunction deterioration performance specifications. Locations subject direct sunlight. Locations subject corrosive flammable gases. Locations subject dust (especially iron dust) salts. Locations subject shock vibration. Locations subject exposure water, oil, chemicals.
Extended Storage
stored extended period time, terminal will exposed air, reducing solderability such effects oxidation. Therefore, when installing Relay onto board after long time storage, check state solder before use.
Vibration Shock
subject excessive vibration shock. Otherwise will malfunction cause damage internal components. prevent from abnormal vibration, install Unit locations means that will subject vibrations from other devices, such motors.
Solvents
allow come contact with solvents such thinners gasoline. Doing will dissolve markings SSR.
allow terminal cover come contact with oil. Doing will cause cover crack become cloudy.
Handling
Drop high-precision component. drop subject excessive vibration shock regardless whether mounted not. maximum vibration shock that withstand varies with model. Refer relevant datasheet. cannot maintain full performance capability dropped subjected excessive vibration shock resulting possible damage internal components. impact shock given that dropped varies upon case, depends floor material, angle collision with floor, dropping height. example, single dropped plastic tile from height receive shock 1,000 m/s2 more. Handle models in-line packages with same care keep them free from excessive vibration shock.
Mounting Installation PCB-mounting
Suitable
Mounting Installation
Material PCBs classified into epoxy PCBs phenol PCBs. following table lists characteristics these PCBs. Select taking into account application cost. Epoxy PCBs recommended mounting order prevent solder from cracking. Item Glass epoxy Epoxy Paper epoxy Phenol Paper phenol
Inferior glass epoxy superi- PCBs highly insulation-resistive Electrical char- High insulation resistance. easily affected moisture absorption acteristics Highly resistive moisture paper phenol PCBs. cannot maintain good insulation persorption. formance over long time. Mechanical characteristics dimensions easily Inferior glass epoxy superi- dimensions easily affected temperature humidity. fected temperature humidity. paper phenol PCBs. Ideal through-hole multi-layer PCBs. Economical efficiency Application Expensive Applications that require high reliability. Rather expensive suitable through-hole PCBs. Inexpensive
Applications comparatively good environApplications that require less reliability than those glass epoxy ments with low-density wiring. PCBs require more reliability than those paper phenol PCBs.
Thickness warp size, mounting method, ambient operating temperature weight parts mounted PCB. Should warping occur, internal mechanism will deformed provide full capability. Determine thickness taking material into consideration. Terminal Hole Land Diameters Refer following table select terminal hole land diameters based mounting dimensions. land diameter smaller land processed with through-hole plating. Hole dia. (mm) Nominal value Tolerance Minimum land dia. (mm)
±0.1
Mounting Space Direction
ambient temperature around sections where mounted must within permissible ambient operating temperature. more SSRs mounted closely together, SSRs radiate excessive heat. Therefore, make sure that SSRs separated from another specified distance provided datasheet. there such provision, maintain space that wide single SSR. Provide adequate ventilation SSRs shown following.
Ventilation wind direction
Bottom
Bottom Ventilation wind direction
Mounting Installation
Mounting
Mounting Installation
Read precautions each model fully familiarize yourself with following when mounting PCB.
bend terminals make Step self-standing, otherwise full mounting performance possible. Process properly accordance with mounting dimensions.
Step Cooling
After soldering SSR, sure cool down that soldering heat will deteriorate other component. into cold liquid, such detergent, immediately after soldering SSR.
Step Flux coating
Flux
flux applied must non-corrosive rosin flux, which suitable material SSR. Apply alcohol solvent dissolve flux. Make sure that parts other than terminals free flux. insulation resistance degraded flux bottom SSR.
Step Cleaning
Refer following table selection cleaning method detergent. Detergent Boiling cleaning cleaning available SSR. perform ultrasonic clean terminals, otherwise inter parts damaged. Make sure that temperature detergent within permissible ambient operating temperature SSR. Availability Detergents Detergent Indusco Aqueous Holys detergent Pure water (pure water) Alcohol Others Ethanol Paint thinner Gasoline Availability
Step Preheating
sure preheat allow better soldering. Preheat under following conditions. Temperature 100°C max. Time max.
left high temperature over long time. This change characteristics SSR. Step Soldering Automatic Soldering Flow soldering recommended maintaining uniform soldering quality. Solder: Z3282 H63A Soldering temperature: Approx. 250°C (260°C DWS) Soldering time: Approx. max. (Approx. first time approx. second time DWS) Perform solder level adjustments that solder will overflow PCB.
Note: Contact your OMRON representatives before using other detergent. apply Freon TMC, paint thinner, gasoline SSR. detergent used, confirm that there corrosion terminals, even after long term use.
Manual Soldering After smoothing soldering iron, solder under following conditions. Solder: Z3282, 1160A, H63A with rosin-flux-cored solder Soldering iron: Soldering temperature: Solder 280°C 300°C Soldering time: Approx. max. Flux shown above illustration, solder with groove preventing flux dispersion available.
Actions being taken worldwide stop CFC-113 (chlorofluorocarbon) 1.1.1 trichloroethane. Your understand cooperation highly appreciated. Step Coating whole with resin, otherwise characteristics change. temperature coating material must within permissible ambient operating temperature range. Coating Type Epoxy Urethane Silicone Availability
Reliability Reliability Noise Test
Reliability
Failure Rate Life Expectancy
said that failure rate electronic component product expressed bathtub curve. Decreasing failure rate: Early failure period (e.g. design manufacturing fault) Constant failure rate: Random failure period Increasing failure rate: Wear tear failure period Semiconductors such triacs thyristors used output subject mechanical wear. Therefore, life expectancy depends failure rate internal components. example, rate G3M-202P (malfunctions/time)). MTTF calculated from this value follows: MTTF 3.12 (time) With SSR, however, unlike single semiconductor, even used correctly, heat-stress resulting from changes ambient temperature heat generated itself have several adverse effects, such deterioration solder components drop illumination efficiency built-in coupler's LED, result failure. These factors will determine actual lifetime SSR. With OMRON SSRs, estimate that these failures deterioration will start occur after approximately years, this figure vary with ambient conditions.
Bathtub curve Failure rate
noise test conducted with noise simulator. designed withstand 100-ns noise 1,500 times high rated voltage. (Some older models tested 1,200 noise resistance checked with malfunctioning with noise interference.
Relay coil Noise simulator
Dielectric Strength Insulation Resistance
Like other electrical appliances, dielectric strength insulation resistance insulated part SSRs checked prevention electric shocks fires that result from deterioration insulated part. following items checked. Input terminals output terminals: whole input terminals short-circuited whole output terminals with voltage imposed between them. Input output terminals heat sink used): whole input output terminals short-circuited together voltage imposed between heat sink whole terminals. Input output Input terminals terminals heat sink output terminals
MTTF (Inverse number failure rate)
Life
Early failure period
Random failure period Time
Wear tear failure period
Quality Reliability
From viewpoint quality control, quality product refers quality manufacturing stages initial quality product. Usually, quality product does include time factor. reliability product refers probability product demonstrating required functions under specified conditions while product service. plain words, product with high reliability means that product tough serviceable long time. OMRON evaluates SSRs with their quality (initial performance) reliability. noise resistance SSRs example, checked initial performance test item. SSRs will malfunction whenever SSRs interfered with excessive noise. repetitive inrush current (surge) resistance SSRs checked reliability test item evaluate secular changes SSRs with repetitive surges.
Dielectric Strength Internal Elements
dielectric strength internal output elements SSRs three times high rated supply voltage. addition, with snubber circuit employed, immunity from external noise. Refer following dielectric strength values triacs, example. 100-V 200-V 400-V 480-V load power supply: min. load power supply: min. load power supply: 1000 min. load power supply: 1200 min.
Reliability Test
OMRON conducts following reliability tests SSRs. Mechanical performance tests: Vibration, shock, terminal strength, drop tests. Environmental tests: High-temperature operating, high-temperature storage, low-temperature storage, high-temperature high-humidity storage, thermal shock, intermittent current-carrying, repetitive surge tests. following items electrical characteristic data checked before after tests: Must-operate voltage, reset voltage, leakage current, output-ON voltage drop, zero-cross voltage, loss time, operate time, release time, noise resistance, shock resistance, dielectric strength, insulation resistance.
SSR:
SSR:
What zero cross function?
always starts from point close This will suppress inrush current more than SSRs without zero cross function. ideal load current start from when zero cross function used. circuit restrictions, however, load current will start from point that difference voltage between this point point called zero cross voltage.
zero cross function turns when load voltage close thus suppressing noise generation load current when load current rises quickly. generated noise will partly imposed power line rest will released air. zero cross function effectively suppresses both noise paths. high inrush current will flow when lamp turned example. When zero cross function used, load current Without zero cross function:
Voltage drops sudden change current noise generated.
Zero cross voltage Output
Power supply voltage
Radiated noise
SSRs with triac thyristor output zero cross function (e.g., G3NA, G3M-202P)
Load current
input Output
With zero cross function:
Power supply voltage Input
SSRs with triac thyristor output without zero cross function (e.g., G3M-202PL)
Load current
input
Zero Cross
does input current vary with SSR?
ensures efficient signal transmission. SSR, however, requires drive circuit complicated construction. Photocoupler input current Phototriac input current
with photocoupler isolation different input current from with phototriac isolation. with zero cross function with photocoupler isolation does require high input current because photocoupler
Input circuit
Photocoupler
Input circuit
Phototriac coupler
Drive circuit
Drive circuit
Zero Cross, Photocoupler, Phototriac
SSR:
SSR:
What difference switching with thyristor triac?
There difference between them long resistive loads switched. inductive loads, however, thyristors superior triacs back-to-back connection thyristors. switching element, uses either triac pair thyristors connected back-to-back.
dv/dt: Voltage rise rate Triac
Thyristors connected back-to-back
Resistive load max. Over Triac
Inductive load max. Over good
There difference between thyristors triacs response time rapid voltage rises drops. This difference expressed dv/dt (V/µs) (Refer page 39). This value thyristors larger than that triacs. Triacs switch inductive motor loads that high Furthermore, single triac functional equivalent pair thyristors connected backto-back thus used contribute downsizing SSRs.
thyris- tors
Thyristors, Triacs, dv/dt
What characteristics thyristors triacs?
with gate signal. current cannot however, turned when gate signal turns OFF. triacs thyristors kept until output current turned OFF. These semiconductor elements easy break when they short-circuited. aware these characteristics from viewpoint safety when designing equipment systems that employ SSRs. Thyristors, Triacs, Self-arc Suppressing
Both triacs thyristors turn provide stop power supply loads controlled. SSRs switching employ either triacs thyristors. Unlike power transistors power FETs, triacs, thyristors semiconductor elements with self-arc suppression. This means current flows into triacs thyristors that turned
What snubber circuit?
Power supply voltage
When SSRs with triac thyristor outputs used switch inductive loads, excessive voltage changes will occur within short period when triacs thyristors turned OFF. result, SSRs will malfunction (make mistakes firing time). snubber circuit designed suppress excessive voltage changes. characteristics triacs thyristors excessive voltages expressed dv/dt. limit value that turns these output semiconductor elements called critical rate-of-rise OFF-state voltage static dv/dt). limit value that cannot turn output semiconductor elements called commutation dv/dt. snubber circuit suppresses surge. surge voltage high,
Input circuit Switching element
Electrical insulation
input signal Load current Surge voltage terminal voltage
Snubber circuit
Therefore, when with built-in surge absorbing element (i.e., varistor) used inductive load, example, will need surge suppressing measure other than snubber circuit.
Drive circuit
however, output semiconductor elements will damaged.
SSR:
However snubber circuit main cause current leakage from SSR. relationship between snubber circuit current leakage like balancing seesaw. With snubber current suppressed, will adversely affected noise. OMRON selects best snubber circuit constant each model according rated current model.
ircuit Snub
SSR:
effect increased, leakage current will increase. With leak-
Static dv/dt, Commutation dv/dt, Snubber Circuits, Leakage Current
What hybrid SSR?
Hybrid
hybrid relay that turns load with semiconductor element uses mechanical relay normal operation. other words, hybrid combination (electromagnetic relay) SSR.
Plus Input
Load
Output
Load current
merits
Excellent insulation Excellent noise resistance Multiple poles
merits
High-frequency switching operations operation noise Zero cross circuit Semiconductor element Contact
Compact heat radiation cost Hybrid
Long life
Principle Operation
When hybrid input turned triac turns then contact turns that time, resistance contact will lower than that triac, causing most load current flow contact. When input turned OFF, contact triac turned OFF. triac turned after current contact turned OFF, therefore, will result. This reason hybrid ensures long service life. Hybrid
there SSRs with normally closed contacts?
Depression-type Enhancement-type "Depression-type" refers types which drain current flows even when gate voltage with FET, "enhancement-type" refers types which drain current will flow unless gate voltage greater than
with triac thyristor output cannot have normally closed contacts unless drive power supply employed. normally closed contacts, output semiconductors need normally closed. Therefore, depression-type transistors must used semiconductor element. Recently, SSRs that have normally closed contacts with depression-type power FETs have been sold minute signal switching purposes. OMRON's G3VM them.
Depression-type, Enhancement-type, Normally Closed Contacts
What soft start function?
load power supply that results when load power supply turned making possible start load smoothly. This
soft start function increases output SSRs gradually 100% using phase control. This suppresses inrush current
SSR:
function used effectively control motor halogen lamp loads. soft start function incorporated G3PX Power Controller G3J-series SSRs motor control.
SSR:
Soft Start Function
What model numbers mean?
following model legend applies OMRON's SSRs.
Product Classification prefix indicates that product relay. Basic Model Code number indicates that product SSR. specific alphabetic character model. specific alphabetic character model. Load Power Supply Voltage Used only series products standard models. Maximum operating voltage Maximum operating voltage Maximum operating voltage Load Current Indicates maximum load current. Example: ooo075:
Q10. What difference between recommended values rated values?
vided consideration safety margin based rated values. larger safety margin will required inductive load, such transformer motor, used inrush current that will flow. Recommended Loads
maximum load current determined assumption that used independently connected resistive load. expected actual operating conditions are, however, tougher fluctuation power supply voltage panel space. recommended values pro-
Q11. What counter-electromotive force?
counter-electromotive force cause contact friction damage fatal element damage. utmost attention when using coil loads. shown below, power supply voltage counter-electromotive force will imposed closed switch.
generation
Counter-electromotive force generated from inductive load that uses coil when load turned OFF. shown below, magnetic flux generated when voltage applied coil. When switch turned OFF, magnetic flux will disappear. self-induction coil, counter-electromotive force will generated direction required maintain magnetic flux even though switch already closed. Therefore, counter-electromotive force escape, very high voltage generated.
@@@@@@@@@
Terminal Shape Screw terminals terminals Plug-in terminals (for special sockets) terminals Zero Cross Function None: Suffix Code code specifying series product, approved standards, specific characteristics such number elements. G3NA-220B, example, load power supply voltage load current zero cross function screw terminals provided. G3M-102PL, load power supply voltage load current zero cross function provided, terminals provided.
G312
ooo150: ooR5: oo10:
Model Legend
Counter-electromotive Force
SSR:
SSR:
Q12. What meaning fuse selection?
Values G3NA-210B G3NA-220B G3NA-240B 121A2s 260A2s 2660A2s
When fuse connected SSR, integral value inrush current that flows specified time from fuse into when turned following table provides permissible values respective SSRs. When using high-speed breaking fuse SSR, check that same less than specified value.
Fuse
Q13. does operating time vary between inputs inputs?
input input Rectification circuit
with input rectification circuit. capacitor included rectification circuit. operating time will slower than with input charge time capacitor.
Operating Time
Q14. What relationship between leakage current load voltage?
G3FD-102SN Rating: max. (100 G3FD-X03SN Rating: max.
leakage current increases proportion load voltage. following graphs show typical examples leakage currents load voltages SSRs.
Leakage current (µA)
Leakage current (µA)
Load voltage
Reference values 25°C
Load voltage
Reference values 25°C
G3F-203SN Rating: max. (200 Leakage current (µA)
Load voltage
Reference values 25°C Leakage Current
SSR:
SSR:
Q15. possible connect SSRs series?
Yes, SSRs connected series mainly prevent short circuit failures. Each connected series shares burden surge voltage. Therefore, SSRs protected from overvoltage. high operating voltage, however, cannot applied SSRs connected series. reason that SSRs cannot share burden load voltage difference between SSRs operating time reset time when load switched. Series Connections
Q16. possible connect 200-VAC SSRs series 400-VAC load?
not. SSRs slightly different each other operating time. Therefore, will imposed with longer operating time. Series Connections
Q17. possible connect SSRs parallel?
Yes, SSRs connected parallel mainly prevent open circuit failures. Usually, only turned difference output voltage drop between SSRs. Therefore, possible increase load current connecting SSRs parallel. ON-state operation open, other will turn when voltage applied, thus maintaining switching operation load. connect more SSRs parallel drive load exceeding capacity each SSRs; SSRs fail operate.
Parallel Connections
Q18. possible connect output load negative electrode? either positive negative load connected?
following connections will work. load positive negative polarities, sure connect load with polarities corresponding shown below.
Load LOAD Load Load LOAD Load
LOAD
LOAD
Negative Power Supply
Q19. What portion power factor load practically applicable?
occur. this state, dv/dt exceeds allowable value SSR, will able turn OFF, will malfunction. (Refer page 39.) Power Factor
power factor range between about available. power factor less than 0.4, phase between current voltage will become large, even current becomes overvoltage state with changing voltage will
SSR:
SSR:
Q20. minimum load current most SSRs limited
assumption that minimum reset current rated value. Therefore, example, load with rated current used, leakage current with turned will rated value. This cause reset failures, depending load. characteristics SSRs with power output elements (e.g., G3DZ, G3RZ), that holding current unnecessary, leakage current small. Switching possible loads small VAC. Minimum Load Current
Triac transistor output elements have minimum holding current. Considering ambient operating temperature, minimum load current based minimum holding current load current less than output element cannot maintain ON-status load. result, output waveform oscillate turn Usually, operating maximum leakage current prevent load reset failures caused leakage current, minimum load current limited
Q21. most SSRs switch micro-loads?
Bleeder Resistor Values
minimum load current which switching possible with SSRs with power outputs (G3DZ/RZ) VAC, VDC. minimum load currents SSRs with triac thyristor outputs SSRs with power transistor outputs detailed below.
SSRs with Outputs
leakage current cause load reset failures. maximum leakage current switch most micro-loads. G3CN-D G3FD G3HD used, however, aware that leakage current rather high. appropriate bleeder resistor reset failures likely result. Refer following table bleeder resistor values. Bleeder Resistor Values
SSRs with Outputs
Presently, minimum load current most SSRs limited ambient temperature 25°C higher, this value will maximum There reasons this. prevention load reset failures that caused current leakage. other holding current required each operation. smaller micro-load connected with bleeder resistor connected parallel with load. relays solve above problems directly switching micro-loads without bleeder resistor.
Relay, Micro-load, Bleeder Resistor
Q22. does relay make noise when switched with SSR?
leakage current whether input OFF. small relay driven SSR, relay coil will slightly energized. result, relay will make noise. This problem solved connecting bleeder resistor parallel relay coil. more relay coils connected parallel relay coil connected another load parallel, effect similar bleeder resistor produced.
Bleeder resistance Load power supply
Load INPUT LOAD
100-VAC power supply: 200-VAC power supply:
Connect bleeder resistance
Bleeder Resistance
SSR:
SSR:
Q23. current stable when power supply switched OFF?
will turn OFF. moment charge current starts flowing point will turn point will turn does turn point time, capacitance will fully charged. Therefore, when turns point high current will flow into capacitance supplement insufficient charge point same operation repeated point point result, current flow into stable. solve this problem, bleeder resistor connected parallel power supply that current
Inrush current
power supply capacitive load builtin smoothing capacitance power supply. clearly shown graph below, there periods where almost current flows periods where capacitance changes quickly.
Voltage
will always flow into bleeder resistance, thus keeping turned
Current
Bleeder Resistor Values When voltage supplied SSR, will turn Around point where there virtually current flow, however, Switching Power Supply Bleeder Resistance
What ideal pattern widths pitches PCB?
required pattern widths pitches vary with operating conditions, such materials ambient temperature. example design standards provided below.
Conductor Pattern Width Thickness
standard copper foil thick. width foil determined carry current permissible temperature rise. following graph simple reference. Conductor Widths Permissible Currents (IEC Publication 326-3)
Permissible current
100°C 75°C 50°C 40°C 30°C 20°C 10°C
Conductor Pitches
conductor pitches vary with insulation characteristics degree environmental stress. following graph standard reference. manufactured accordance with Electrical Appliance Material Control some international safety standards (e.g., CSA, VDE), however, requirements standards will take precedence. Wider conductor pitches used multi-layer PCBs.
Temperature rise
Operating Voltages Conductor Pitches (IEC Publication 326-3)
Rated voltage between conductors (Vdc)
3,000 2,000 1,000
0.03 0.05 0.07
Conductor width (mm)
Cross sectional area (m2)
Conductor pitch (mm) 3,000 altitude with coating. Over 3,000 less than 15,000 altitude with coating. 3,000 altitude with coating. Over 3,000 altitude with coating.
PCB, Pattern Width, Pattern Pitch
SSR:
SSR:
Q25. much thermal resistance required heat sink? What thermal resistance SSR?
Thermal Resistance SSRs (with Junctions Back)
G3NA-205B 3.22°C/W 210B 2.62°C/W 220B 1.99°C/W 240B 0.45°C/W G3NE-205T 2.72°C/W 210T 2.12°C/W 220T 2.22°C/W G3PB-215B-3H-VD 1.05°C/W 225B-3H-VD 0.57°C/W 235B-3H-VD 0.57°C/W 245B-3H-VD 0.57°C/W Note "Junction" refers junction semiconductor element used representative point element express temperature. Heat Sink Thermal Resistance
Thermal Resistance Heat Sinks
Y92B-A100 1.63°C/W A150N 1.37°C/W Y92B-N50 2.8°C/W N100= 1.63°C/W N150 1.38°C/W Y92B-P50 1.67°C/W P100 1.01°C/W P150 0.63°C/W P200 0.43°C/W P250 0.36°C/W Note Values indicate degree resistance heat. smaller value better heat conductivity will normally expressed using °C/W units, i.e., temperature rise watt.
Q26. panel frame used place heat sink?
Yes, steel plate used standard panels lower heat conductivity than aluminum plate thus suitable high-current applications. steel plate used place heat sink, check that continuous current flow maximum (For details, refer SSR's datasheet.) following table heat radiation aluminum plates.
model G3NE-205T(L) G3NA-205B G3NE-210T(L) G3NA-210B G3NE-220T(L) G3NA-220B G3NA-240B Carry current Required aluminum plate size (mm) required t3.2 t3.2 t3.2 t3.2
Approximate values heat conductivity room temperature):
Metal type Iron-based Aluminum-based Pure copper Plastics Heat conductivity
Copper plates have higher heat conductivity that aluminum plates, making them excellent material. They easily corrode, however, must protected from corrosion nickel plating other method ensure long-term application. Plastics have poor heat conductivity, making them unsuitable heat sinks. Heat Sink
Q27. What carry current characteristics radiator?
Surface area radiator (cm2)
1,000 t=3.0 aluminum plate G3NE-220 Ta=80°C 3,000 2,000 Ta=80°C 1,000
t=3.2 aluminum plate
following data G3NE G3NA. G3NE G3NA-220B
Surface area radiator (cm2)
t=3.0 aluminum plate G3NE-220 Ta=40°C
Ta=40°C
t=3.0 aluminum plate G3NE-210 Ta=80°C
t=3.0 aluminum plate G3NE-210 Ta=40°C
Ambient temperature
Load current
Load current
Note:
radiating surface area refers total surface area front back radiator that effective radiating heat. example, suppose current passed temperature radiating surface area corresponding this graph approx. cm2. radiator square, following
calculation gives minimum length sides:
450(cm2)/2
Therefore, necessary radiator with sides least long.
Radiator
SSR:
SSR:
Q28. What silicon grease?
Available Silicon Grease Products Heat Dissipation
Toshiba Silicone: YG6111 YG6240 TORAY Silicone: SC102 Shin-Etsu Silicones: G746
Special silicon grease used heat dissipation. heat conduction this special compound five times higher than standard silicon grease. This special silicon grease used fill space between heat-radiating part, such SSR, heat sink improve heat conduction SSR. Unless special silicon grease applied, generated heat will radiated properly. result, break deteriorate overheating.
Silicon Grease
Q29. What output configuration suitable when used combination with temperature controller?
Temperature Controller
combination with temperature controller with voltage output.
Q30. What precautions necessary when driving number SSRs with temperature outputs?
Refer next page number SSRs that connected temperature controller. Interface SSRs will required drive more SSRs. With SSRs, leakage currents cause reset failures. this problem, G3RZ, which small leakage current.
G3RZ power supply Load Input voltage Load power supply
Temperature controller
Load Load power supply
SSR:
Examples Connections between Temperature Controllers SSRs
Electronic temperature controller
SSR:
Load
Fuse non-fuse breaker
Voltage output terminals (with drive output)
Heater
INPUT LOAD
Load power supply
Direct connection possible
Temperature Controller with 12-VDC output
Possible number connected series
G3PB (single phase) VAC;
E5AN E5EN
(except E5CK) Series (except E5CX) ES100 Series
Rated voltage input: Compact ultra-slim models with built-in heat sink. G3PB phase) 240/400 VAC; Three-phase control with built-in heat sink. G3PA VAC; VAC;
Temperature Controller with 12-VDC output 20/21 E5CN E5CN-U E5GN Compact slim models with built-in heat sink. G3NA VAC; VAC;
E5CS Series
Possible Number SSRs Connected Series Max. load current SSR-driving voltage output each temperature controller Input current SSRs. Possible Number SSRs
E5CK
Eight, 480-VAC models Four, 480-VAC models
Standard model with screw terminals G3NE VAC;
Compact, low-cost model with terminals G3NH VAC; High-power heater control
Temperature Controller Leakage Current
SSR:
SSR:
Q31. possible protect motor with mechanical thermal?
Yes, inrush current resistance does match protective characteristics thermal, however, destroyed overcurrent within short period. period short that motor will burn out. this case, high-speed breaking fuse used protect SSR. Recommended thermal relays with harmonized protection listed G3J, which three-phase motors which thermal relay mounted. Thermal
Q32. What precautions necessary forward/reverse operation singlephase motor?
Single-phase Load current recommended Protection motor forward/reverse operation Choke coil
Refer following table protection capacitor motors driven SSRs.
Single-phase
Load current recommended
Protection motor forward/reverse operation Choke coil When motor forward/reverse operation, voltage that twice high power supply voltage imposed that resonance motor. OMRON's product ranges cover maximum 200-VAC. Therefore, SSRs cannot used control motors forward/reverse operation some cases. Before starting forward/reverse operation motor VAC, measure voltage that imposed turned make sure that SSRs operable.
G32-OG1 Choke Coil max. 50±5 max.
Precautions Forward/Reverse Operation
following circuit, SSR1 SSR2 turned simultaneously, discharge current, capacitor damage SSRs. Therefore, minimum 30-ms time required switch between SSR1 SSR2. malfunction SSRs possible external noise counter-electromotive force motor, connect series with either SSR1 SSR2 whichever less frequently use. absorber (consisting 0.1- capacitor withstanding resistor withstanding connected parallel each that malfunctioning SSRs will suppressed.
INPUT
Motor
INPUT
Load power supply
max.
dia.
Forward/Reverse Operation
SSR:
SSR:
Q33. possible three-phase turn three single-phase circuits OFF?
Configuration
Phototriac coupler
Trigger circuit Zero cross circuit
Three output circuits single-function model those G3PB separated from each other. Therefore, output phases connected independent circuits. G3J-S G3J-T single-phase circuits, otherwise start/stop function will operate normally.
Triac
Snubber circuit
Input terminals
Input circuit
Trigger circuit
Phototriac coupler
Zero cross circuit
Triac
Snubber circuit
Trigger circuit
Zero cross
Phototriac coupler
Triac
circuit
Snubber circuit
Three-phase
Q34. time required between forward operation reverse operation three-phase motor?
switched quickly, both SSRs turn same time destroying them. When either SSRs turned OFF, motor will generate counter-electromotive force, which easily causes SSRs malfunction. prevent this, longer time least will required switch between forward reverse operation motor. Time Forward/Reverse Operation
forward reverse operation three-phase motor selected switching phases. forward operation motor turns simultaneously with that reverse operation motor, phase short circuit results through SSRs, thus destroying SSRs. reset time SSRs fluctuates within maximum half cycle. Therefore, forward operation reverse operation motor
Q35. Does have mounting direction?
consists semiconductor elements. Therefore, unlike mechanical relays that incorporate movable parts, gravity changes have influence characteristics SSR. Changes heat radiation may, however, limit carry current SSR. should mounted vertically. mounted horizontally, check with SSR's datasheet. there data available SSR, with load current least lower than rated load current.
Vertical direction
Vertical mounting Mount vertically.
Vertical direction Panel
G3PA-210B-VD G3PA-220B-VD G3PA-240B-VD
Flat Mounting
Panel
mounted flat surface, provided that load current applied lower than rated load current. Mounting Direction
Output terminals
Output terminals
Output terminals
SSR:
SSR:
Q36. What precautions required high-density mounting gang mounting?
case high-density gang mounting SSRs, check relevant data datasheet. there data, check that load current applied rated load current. 100% load current applied groups three SSRs mounted single with space wide single between adjacent groups. SSRs mounted more rows, necessary confirm temperature rise separately. With side-by-side high-density gang mounting SSRs with heat sinks, reduce load current rated load current. Refer SSR's datasheet details. G3PA
Vertical direction
mount more than group three Units closely together without providing 10-mm space next group.
track
G3PB
Characteristic Data High-density Gang Mounting Units) G3PB-215B-VD Load current
G3PB-225B-VD Load current
Ambient temperature G3PB-235B-VD Load current Load current
Ambient temperature (°C)
G3PB-245B-VD
Example high-density gang mounting
track
Ambient temperature (°C)
Ambient temperature (°C)
G3TB
min. Output module
Close-mounting Output Modules Provide minimum space between adjacent SSRs. load switched with maximum points.
SSR:
G3TA
single load current switched each G3TA Unit, four G3TA Units high-density mounted. single load current switched each G3TA Unit, provided that there single G3TA Unit between adjacent Units.
SSR:
G3TA
G3TA
Characteristic Data Load Currents Rated Ambient Temperatures (Highdensity Gang Mounting) G3M-205 Series Load) direction Load current Load current
direction Load current
2.5A L=20.37
direction
2.0A L=20.37 1.5A L=12.7
2.5A L=20.37 1.8A L=12.7
1.8A L=12.7
0.6A L=7.62
0.8A L=7.62
0.8A L=7.62
Ambient temperature (°C)
Ambient temperature (°C)
Ambient temperature (°C)
Bottom
Bottom
Bottom
shown above illustrations, Units soldered each with current continuously applied. High-density Gang Mounting
Q37. What non-repetitive inrush current?
level inrush current withstood cases where power supplied devices once day). Inrush current peak)
datasheet gives non-repetitive inrush current SSR. concept non-repetitive inrush current same absolute maximum rating element. Once inrush current exceeds level non-repetitive inrush current, will destroyed. Therefore, check that maximum inrush current usual ON/OFF operation non-repetitive inrush current. Unlike mechanical relays that result contact abrasion, will provide good performance long actual inrush current maximum non-repetitive inrush current. continuous ON/OFF operation current exceeding rated value flows frequently, however, overheat malfunction result. Check that operated with overheating. Roughly speaking, inrush currents that less than non-repetitive inrush current greater than repetitive inrush current withstood once twice (e.g., this
Region allowing even occurrence
Non-repetitive
Repetitive Region allowing number repetitions
Once twice
Carry current (ms) Non-repetitive Inrush Current
SSR:
SSR:
Q38. What kind failure SSRs have most frequently?
This data based output conditions, which include those resulting from open short circuit failures input side.
Failure Input Output Short Open Output triac short circuit (80% failures) Output triac open circuit (20% failures) Load condition Does turn Does turn Does turn OFF. Does turn
OMRON's data indicates that most failures caused overvoltage overcurrent result short-circuiting SSRs.
Failure
Q39. What will happen load voltage exceeds upper limit?
OMRON's G3NA, G3NE, G3PA SSRs, which have built-in varistor, have rated load voltage VAC. These SSRs withstand maximum VAC. built-in varistor operates when load voltage actual operates exceeds around varistor will destroyed. OMRON's G3CN does incorporate varistor. These SSRs with 200-VAC output withstand maximum VAC. output triac actual operation will destroyed overvoltage approximately VAC, provided that sine wave current with distortion noise. ordinary power supply, there will increase failure rate load voltage exceeds VAC. Overvoltage
Q40. possible replace defective part SSR?
possible replace power elements G3PX, G3PA, G3NH. parts other OMRON's replaceable because sealed with plastic resin. Parts Replacement
Q41. multimeter check OFF?
resistance load terminals does make clear changes when input turns OFF. Connect dummy load output terminals check voltage load terminals with input OFF. output voltage will close load power supply voltage with turned OFF. voltage will drop approximately with turned This more clearly checked dummy load lamp with output about Multimeter Check
Load
Q42. there methods check whether works not?
Look number first.
Numbers
Yes, there
Q43. relays used both loads?
With power relays, because relays connected series shown right, load power supply connected either direction. Also, because power elements have high dielectric strength, they used loads, where polarity changes every cycle.
Direction current
1238E
Indicates year production (1998). Indicates month production (March); October, November, December indicated respectively. Indicates date production (12)
years less, will need checks particular. more than years old, check following items. will usable these items okay. Input operating voltage Reset voltage Output voltage drop recommended five years older. Number
Relays
SSR:
SSR:
Q44. What differences between SSRs power relays?
Number leakage current power relays small compared that SSRs.
SSRs
Output transistor
Number There SSRs loads SSRs loads.
Loads (e.g., G3SD)
Photocoupler Drive circuit Input circuit
lamp (see below) faintly light leakage current.
bleeder resistance added prevent this. With SSRs, snubber circuit required protect output element.
Bleeder resistance
Loads (e.g., G3H)
Trigger circuit Photocoupler Zero cross circuit Input circuit Triac
Snubber circuit
Power Relays leakage current very small max.) lamp does light. This because snubber circuit required protect output element. varistor used protect
Power relays used both loads loads.
FET.
Power relay
bleeder resistance required circuits simplified production costs reduced. Relays
Q45. What kind applications power relays used for?
Applications where known whether load connected relay Example: Alarm output robot controller. Applications with high-frequency switching loads, such solenoid valves, where relay (e.g., G2R) replaced frequently. Power relays have longer lifetime than other relays replacement frequency less. terminals G3RZ compatible with those G2R-1A-S these models exchanged. Note Confirm input voltage, polarity, output capacity before application. Applications with high-voltage loads. order switch 125-VDC, load with relay, MM2XP equivalent required. With G3RZ power relay, however, switching this size possible. Applications where SSRs used with bleeder resistance. leakage current power relays very small max.) bleeder resistance required. Relays
SSR:
SSR:
Troubleshooting Flowcharts
input indicator OFF?
adversely affected residual voltage previous stage, leakage current, inductive noise through input line.
cannot used unless sine wave current supplied. Rectangular waveform load power supply rectangular waveform current?
operation indicator lit? Select there operation indicator.
load current turned when input line disconnected.
START Problem stays (Short circuit error)
Refer page forward/reverse operation single-phase motor. Refer page forward/reverse operation threephase motor.
load driving.
output?
does turn (Open circuit error)
operation indicator lit? Select there operation indicator.
multimeter check voltage input terminals with input connected. operating voltage applied terminals?
multimeter check voltage output terminals. load voltage applied terminals?
polarity input correct?
Check wiring.
half-wave rectification phase control power sup- used load while zero cross function?
Reconnect input line. broken unless PCBs.
that does have zero cross function.
SSR:
SSR:
page
failure, such load short circuit external surge failure.
full-wave rectification load connected?
load minute with maximum input
load with high inrush current, such motor, lamp, power transformer?
Does inrush current exceed maximum permissible inrush current SSR?
polarity output correct?
load, such valve, solenoid, relay connected?
diode absorbing counter-electromotive force connected?
Reconnect output line. broken.
Does inrush current exceed maximum permissible inrush current?
Connect diode absorbing counter-electromotive force. page
input applied input?
probable that output element failure caused inrush current. Consider using with higher capacity.
input.
failure, such load short circuit external surge failure.
Index
bleeder resistance, bleeder resistor, hybrid SSR,
I2t, input circuit,
carry current, commutation dv/dt, configuration SSRs, control SSRs, counter-electromotive force,
leakage current, leakage current load voltage, life expectancy, load power supply, number,
depression-type relays, designing circuits, dielectric strength, dv/dt,
mechanical relays, micro, micro-loads, minimum load current, model legend, MOS, relay, relays, mounting direction, multimeter check,
electromagnetic relay (EMR), enhancement-type relays,
fail-safe concept, failure, failure rate, failures, forward/reverse operation, forward/reverse operation precautions, fuse I2t,
negative power supply, non-repetitive inrush current, normally closed contacts,
gang mounting precautions,
operating time, output circuit, overvoltage,
heat radiation designing, heat sinks, high-density mounting precautions, high-density gang mounting,
panel mounting, parallel connections, parts replacement,
Index
pattern pitch, pattern width, PCB-mounting SSR, PCBs, photocoupler, phototriac, power factor, precautions,
radiator, recommended loads, reliability test,
self-arc suppressing, series connections, silicon grease, snubber, snubber circuits, soft start function, classifications, glossary, static dv/dt, switching power supply,
temperature controller, thermal, thermal resistance, three-phase thyristors, time lag, triacs, troubleshooting,
zero cross, zero cross function,
OMRON ELECTRONICS
Commerce Drive Schaumburg, 60173 800.55.OMRON (66766)
OMRON CANADA, INC.
Milner Avenue
Scarborough, Ontario
416.286.6465
OMRON ON-LINE Global http://www.omron.com http://www.omron.com/oei Canada http://www.omron.com/oci HOUR DEMAND 847.843.1963 Canada 788.599.4264
800.55.OMRON 847.843.7900
Paulo Buenos Aires Florida
55.11.5564.6488 54.114.787.1129 954.227.2121
Y108-E1-1
©2001 OMRON ELECTRONICS
Specifications subject change without notice.
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