Power Management Application Guide Actel FPGAs Using Switchers Po

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Power Management Application Guide Actel FPGAs Using Switchers Po

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Power Management Application Guide Actel FPGAs
Using Switchers Power Actel FPGAs
FPGAs continue grow density complexity while same time, shrinking device geometries have enabled faster system clocks required lower core voltages. These trends call more demanding power supply solutions, particularly distributed power systems point-of-load designs that low-cost, high-efficiency, still meet strict requirements these devices. Often logic designer tasked with developing their local power supply solution without necessary knowledge select from many choices available. This application guide provides guidance example designs help design engineer choose appropriate solution systems utilizing Actel FPGAs.
System Power
Sequencing Supervisory
DC-DC Converter(s)
VAUX VI/O VCORE
Memory Power
VDDQ
FPGA
Memory
I/Os
I/Os
Inside:
Intersil's Recommended Power Supply Solutions Including Schematics BOMs Selection Tables Actel FPGA Power Tables Memory Power Solutions Sequencers Supervisory Circuits Layout Considerations
more information Intersil's Power Management products, call today 1-800-556-0225, visit site
www.intersil.com/actel
Check Intersil's online power supply simulation tool www.intersil.com/isim
Intersil recognized global leader power management solutions, offering
broad portfolio products that will simplify your power designs. Intersil's Endura family power management products ranges from simple building blocks such charge pumps, highly integrated multiple output multiphase PWMs, dual voltage swap controllers. leading supplier controller with over billion shipped, Intersil meet your power needs provide following benefits your designs: Reference designs evaluation boards Unprecedented performance reliability High efficiency Complete system monitoring protection (reduces need many external components) Superior technical support This application guide features device solutions listed performance function. selection tables solution diagrams will help guide right solution your designs. global network experts ready assist building cost-efficient high performance designs.
What type regulator should use?
There basic types power regulators that used most electronic products; Linear regulators inherently inefficient because continuous voltage drop across regulator. higher current levels required some newest generations FPGAs, linear regulators generate large amounts heat. Effectively managing this heat presents additional design challenges system designer. Switching regulators inherently more efficient because they theoretically "on" only when power needed. addition, switchers maintain efficiencies excess 90%, even when input output voltages differ large amount current requirements range from 100A. decision type regulator should determined efficiency requirements, thermal management strategies, space constraints, cost. many cases, there good reasons both types regulators same design. Regulators available several configurations, including single-phase switchers, multi-phase switchers, integrated regulators offering combinations multiple switchers and/or linear regulators single package. Example applications varying cost/complexity presented this document.
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Intersil's Recommended Power Supply Solutions
Programmable Logic Power Requirements
There four components power profile today's FPGAs: Inrush Current: logic device powering power required establish initial internal biases logic array result significant inrush current spike that last many microseconds. allow FPGA power cleanly, power supply must capable providing required peak output current. Unlike SRAM-based FPGA technology, Actel's non-volatile antifuse flash technology result almost negligible inrush current, typically less than 10mA. Configuration Current: SRAM-based FPGA technologies retain their logic configuration when powered down must therefore reloaded with configuration data every power-up cycle. Actel FPGAs nonvolatile therefore require configuration cycle. Thus requirement short-term configuration current does exist. Static Current: Static currents result leakage bias currents transistor structure device frequency dependent. Static power minimum amount power that device will consume. Dynamic Current: This component device power frequency dependent, resulting from charging currents internal chip capacitances external I/Os during signal state changes. Since Actel FPGAs have negligible inrush configuration current, dynamic current typically dominating requirement power supply design. Actel FPGA requires more power supplies, depending specific device application where used. requirements power supply output current output quality also vary family device. most cases, separate voltages required core logic I/Os. Voltage: choice voltage flexible that logic designer ability choose appropriate voltages satisfy needs system design. voltage requirements based needs other devices circuit, compliance standards such PCI, other system needs. Array (core) Voltage: Unlike voltages, where designer many flexible options, logic array voltage defined FPGA family's process geometry fixed. These summarized Table
Table
Actel FPGA Family SX-A Process Geometry (µm) 0.22/0.25 0.22 0.15 Array Voltage (±10%) Desig. VCCa VCCa Voltages (±10%) Desig. VCCi VDDp VCCi 2.5, 3.3, 2.5, 1.5, 1.8, 2.5,
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Intersil Power Supply Solutions
Switchers
Device ISL6521 ISL6526 ISL6526A ISL6528 ISL6224 ISL6227 ISL6539 ISL6402 Description Sync Buck Voltage Sync Buck 300kHz Freq. Sync Buck 600kHz Buck Linear High Efficiency Sync Buck Dual Sync Buck with Sequencing Dual Sync Buck with Sequencing Dual Sync Buck Linear Range 3.3V 3.3V 3.3V 3.3V 3.3V 4.5V VOUT Range 0.8V 4.5V 0.8V 0.8V 0.8V 3.3V 0.9V 0.9V 5.5V 0.9V 5.5V 0.8V IOUT Features POR, Soft Start Soft Start Soft Start Fault UVLO P-Good each channel P-Good each channel Sync Input, P-Good Package SOIC-16 QFN-16, SOIC-14 QFN-16, SOIC-14 SOIC-8 SSOP-16 SSOP-28 SSOP-28 QFN-28, TSSOP-28
Integrated Devices
Device EL7531 EL7554 ISL6410 Description Integrated Buck Integrated Buck 0.5A Integrated Buck Range 2.5V 2.5V 3.0V VOUT Range 0.8V 0.8V 1.8V, 1.5V 1.2V IOUT 500mA Features Sync Input, P-Good P-Good, Soft Start P-Good, Sync Input Package MSOP-10, DFN-10 HTSSOP-28 MSOP-10, QFN-16
Power Management Devices
Device ISL6123 ISL6125 ISL6131 ISL6536 Description Voltage 4-Channel Sequencer Quad Power Sequencing Controller Multiple Voltage Supervisor 4-Channel Supervisory Range 1.5V 1.5V 1.5V 2.5V VOUT Range IOUT Features UVLO, Adj. Slew Open Drain Outputs Package QFN-24 QFN-24
Adj. Voltage Thresholds QFN-24 Adj. UVLO, P-Good SOIC-8
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Intersil's Power Supply Solutions Actel Families
Device A54SX08A A54SX16A A54SX32A A54SX72A Peak Requirement 100MHz 0.06 0.11 0.20 0.37 350MHz 0.20 0.35 0.69 1.28 Recommended Intersil Power Solutions Single Output EL7536 efficiency linears EL7536, EL7562, ISL6526 ISL6520 Multi Output ISL6528, ISL6529 linears ISL6402, ISL6528, ISL6529, ISL6227, ISL6521 ISL6539
Device APA075 APA150 APA300 APA450 APA600 APA750 APA1000 Peak Requirement 100MHz 0.27 0.41 0.49 0.63 0.78 0.91 1.72 250MHz 0.67 1.02 1.23 1.56 1.94 2.26 4.28 EL7554, EL7566, ISL6526 ISL6520 EL7536, EL7562, ISL6526 ISL6520 Recommended Intersil Power Solutions Single Output Multi Output
ISL6402, ISL6528, ISL6529, ISL6227, ISL6521 ISL6539
Device AX125 AX250 AX500 AX1000 AX2000 Peak Requirement 100MHz 0.13 0.16 0.20 0.30 0.46 500MHz 0.63 0.78 0.96 1.56 2.25 EL7536, EL7562, ISL6526 ISL6410 ISL6520 ISL6402, ISL6528, ISL6529, ISL6227, ISL6521 ISL6539 Recommended Intersil Power Solutions Single Output Multi Output
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Four Output Voltages
Option ISL6521 Switcher VCCINT Linear Regulators VCCIO1, VCCIO2, VCCIO3.
Multi-output products that incorporate multiple switchers and/or linears single package excellent choice many FPGA-based designs. These combination devices provide voltages required from single board, they adjusted provide optimum responses application. Good layout bypassing techniques (see Appendix plus excellent on-chip isolation prevents supplies from interacting. ISL6521 provide required currents voltages latest generation Actel FPGAs (for example SXA, APA, 16-pin SOIC package with minimal external components. ISL6521 implements highly efficient synchronous buck design addition includes three linear regulators, which provide additional voltages board. ICCIO currents less than 120mA supplied directly from linear regulator drive pins shown here VCCIO2) they used control external transistor supply currents 3Amps shown here VCCIO1 VCCIO3). complete data sheet available Simulation tools also available http://www.intersil.com/isim/. example shown here VCCINT 1.5V VCCIO1 2.5V, output voltages programmable from 0.8V 4.5V.
+5VIN
0.1µF
MA732
ISL6521
BOOT
OCSET
VCCIO1 2.5V/3A
10µF
DRIVE2
Linear Regulator
0.47µF
UGATE
12.7k
5.9k
PHASE
LOUT
(see table next page)
10µF
VCCINT 1.5V/5A
LGATE
FPGA
VCCIO2 3.3V/120mA
100µF
10µF
DRIVE3
Switching Regulator
PGND
Linear Regulator
COMP
2.0k
18.2k
5.9k
DRIVE4
VCCIO3
Linear Regulator
2.26k
Figure Highly Integrated ISL6521-Based Solution
Memory Power Solutions, page
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Ease-of-Use Solutions
Option +3.3V Solutions EL75XX Family Integrated Switchers ISL6410/A
Intersil's EL75xx family highly integrated switching regulators require only external components because power FETs integrated device. Input voltages possible continuous output currents amps available (see table below). These products make very compact, >90% efficient solution either VCCINT VCCIO. Additionally, systems continuous output EL7558 available. Component selection software, evaluation boards Gerber files available deviceinfo.asp?pn=EL7566.
21.5K
8200pF 0.047µF
COMP
VREF
SGND COSC
270pF
0.22µF
EL7566
PGND PGND PGND 100µF
VOUT (2.5V, 2.7µH 150µF
VCCINT VCCIO
FPGA
Figure 3.3V EL7566-Based Integrated Buck Solution
Figure 6Amp EL7566 Eval Board (Actual Size)
Intersil's Family Buck Regulators with Integrated FETs
Part Number ISL6410 ISL6410A EL7534 EL7536 EL7532 EL7554 EL7566 EL7558 Range 3.0V 3.6V 4.5V 5.5V 2.5V 5.5V 2.5V 5.5V 2.5V 5.5V 4.5V 5.5V VOUT Selectable 1.2V, 1.5V 1.8V Selectable 1.2V, 1.8V 3.3V 0.8V 0.8V 0.8V 0.8V 0.8V 3.8V IOUT 0.5A 0.5A 0.6A Pkg/Pin MSOP-10, QFN-16 MSOP-10, QFN-16 MSOP-10 MSOP-10, DFN-10 MSOP-10, DFN-10 HTSSOP-28 HTSSOP-28 HSOP-28
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Most Flexible, Single Output Voltage
Option Single Switcher ISL6526/A
ISL6526 ISL6526A designed efficient power management from voltages between 3.3V ISL6526-based design leaves power FETs external order minimize cost provide additional flexibility. example, ISL6526-based design shown supplies with external FETs with external FETs. Protection from overcurrent conditions provided monitoring rDS(ON) upper MOSFET inhibit 3.3V operation appropriately. This approach simplifies implementation improves efficiency eliminating C5-7 need current sense OCSET resistor. Additionally, design optimized given CPVOUT ISL6526 evaluation ISL6526 board available http://www. BOOT intersil.com/data/an/an1021. CPGND pdf. UGATE complete application ENABLE ENABLE note utilizing ISL6526, C10-12 LGATE COMP including suggested board layout available http://www.intersil.com/data/ an/an1021.pdf. complete data sheet available http://www.intersil. com/products/deviceinfo. asp?pn=ISL6526. Figure ISL6526-Based, Synchronous-Buck Solution
PHASE
1.5V VOUT
FPGA
Suggested Bill Materials
Component
Suggested Bill Materials
Component
C5-7, 10-12
Description
1000pF Ceramic Capacitor, 3300pF Ceramic Capacitor, 18000pF Ceramic Capacitor, 10µF Ceramic Capacitor, Ceramic Capacitor, 0.1µF Ceramic Capacitor, MA732 Diode 1.5µH Inductor, 1.2m DCR, 16AWG T5052B Core 4.99k, Resistor 61.9k, Resistor 64.9, Resistor 5.62k, Resistor Design: 9.06k, Resistor Design: 9.53k, Resistor
Description
1500µF Alum Elec Cap, ESR, 6.3V Intersil Single Phase Synch Buck Regulator Design: N-Channel MOSFET (PowerPak), omit Design: N-Channel MOSFET (PowerPak)
Vendor
Rubycon Intersil Vishay
Series ISL6526 Si7840DP
Q1-4
Vishay
Si7840DP
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Actel FPGA Power Requirements
SX-A
Device A54SX08A A54SX16A A54SX32A A54SX72A VCCA VCCI Dedicated Flip-Flops 1,080 2,012 Max. ICCA @350MHz 0.14 0.29 0.59 1.14 ICCI @250MHz 0.03 0.05 0.06 0.09 ICCA @100MHz 0.04 0.08 0.17 0.33 ICCI @100MHz 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.04
Device APA075 APA150 APA300 APA450 APA600 APA750 APA1000 VDDP Tiles 3,072 6,144 8,192 12,288 21,504 32,768 56,320 Max. 256x9 Blocks @250MHz 0.42 0.77 0.97 1.30 1.66 2.00 2.53 IDDP @150MHz 0.26 0.42 0.50 0.60 0.79 0.98 1.24 @100MHz 0.17 0.31 0.39 0.52 0.67 0.82 1.07 IDDP @100MHz 0.18 0.28 0.34 0.40 0.53 0.65 0.83
Device AX125 AX250 AX500 AX1000 AX2000 VCCA VCCI Dedicated Flip-Flops 1,408 2,688 6,048 10,752 Max. 4.5K Blocks ICCA @500MHz 0.23 0.35 0.67 1.43 2.47 ICCI @350MHz 0.13 0.57 0.77 1.19 1.57 ICCA @150MHz 0.06 0.12 0.21 0.43 0.75 ICCI @150MHz 0.19 0.24 0.33 0.51 0.67
Assumptions: Equal inputs outputs, data toggle rate, input toggle rate
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Example Application Simple, Low-cost Solution
Power Supply Description
provide cost power solution, 8-pin Intersil ISL6528 been chosen. this application, device powered from single 5VDC source, includes both high efficiency switcher, providing 2.5VDC 1.5A, linear regulator providing 3.3VDC 0.5A. This solution cost effective parts count those applications where cost essential overall design.
J1-1
INPUT 5.0VDC
330uF
INTERSIL
ISL6528
BAT54
0.1uF
10.0uH
FZT649
680pF
DRIVE
Si3434DV
2.5VDC@1.50A
J2-1
13.5K
220uF
4.32K
12nF
7.15K
B320B
2.87K
23.2
39nF
FPGA
J1-2
220uF
1.35K
RETURN
J2-2
0.1uF
3.3VDC@0.50A
J2-3
Figure ISL6528 Schematic
Intersil's ISL6528 incorporates integrated soft-start feature that brings both outputs into regulation controlled simultaneous manner. This feature ensures that Actel FPGA's requirements start-up met. Each output voltage monitored undervoltage pins. either outputs drops below 52.5% internal reference, both regulators will shut down. Note that this internal setting ISL6528 does prevent FPGA voltage from dropping below specified range. optional means controlling turn-on turn-off drive above 1.28V, causing both regulators turn off. Releasing will re-initialize integrated soft-start feature. additional feature ISL6528 internal Power-On Reset (POR), which initiates soft-start only after input, exceeds threshold. Conversely, when input drops below threshold, will disable both outputs controlled manner.
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Example Application Simple, Low-cost Solution
When designing buck converter, particular attention given selection switching power components, including output capacitors Since this operating frequency 600kHz, switching losses must calculated ensure that overall power losses acceptable. Also, ripple current output capacitors must considered ensure long life. this design, following power calculations validate components selected:
Iout
Vout
2.5V, this yields Irms 1.061A.
Irms Iout
From datasheet Vishay Si3434DV MOSFET (selected Q2),
Rdson .050 Tfactor =1.5 Pconduct Irms Rdson Tfactor Pconduct 0.084W Pswitch 0.5Iout Pswitch 0.225W Ptotal 0.309W assumed 100ns these calculations.
yielding
output choke,
This yields value 6.94µH calculated during time. Since powder iron core will exhibit partial saturation with current applied, this design will 10.0µH choke from Technologies. With choke selected ripple current determined, output capacitors selected. pair 220uF, capacitors from Panasonic series chosen. Note that this capacitor ripple current rating 300mA. Calculating actual ripple current capacitors:
Iout
ripple.
Irms
Irms 0.1225
Clearly showing more than adequate design margin. Finally, freewheeling diode (D2) must selected output stage. B320B, schottky diode from Diodes, Inc. chosen package with current rating voltage rating 20V, 0.45V. calculate diode power:
Pdiode Iout (1-D) Therefore, Pdiode 0.338W
With this simple design, based Intersil ISL6528, power supply very parts count associated cost. component details shown Bill Materials below.
Bill Materials Example
Reference Part 330uF 220uF 0.1uF 680pF 12nF 220uF 220uF 39nF BAT54 B320B Diodes Inc. B320B Panasonic EEVFK1A221P Panasonic EEVFK1A221P Panasonic EEVFK1A221P Manufacturer Panasonic EEVFK1A331P
Bill Materials Example
Reference Part 10.0uH FZT649 Si3434DV 13.5K 4.32K 7.15K 2.87K 23.2 1.35K ISL6528 INTERSIL ISL6528 Manufacturer Technologies 26100 Fairchild FZT649 Vishay Si3434DV
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Example Application Efficient Design with Power Sequencing Power-On Reset
Power Section
newest additions Intersil's broad line controllers ISL6539, which incorporates synchronous buck DC/DC converters provide both high efficiency tight regulation. ISL6539 designed operate current mode utilizing integrated feedback loop input voltage feed-forward. This dramatically reduces number external components required simplifying overall design while reducing board space overall cost. Intersil's ISL6539 incorporates internal power-on-reset (POR) function which continually monitors bias voltage pin. This initiates soft start operation once voltage exceeds 4.45V and/or held high. When this voltage drops below 4.14V, disables Additional features ISL6539 include built-in over-voltage protection which prevents output from going above 115% point, lossless over-current protection (OCP) which monitors voltage drop across RDS(ON) lower MOSFET, synchronized operation mode. Utilizing ISL6539, this design capable providing power member Actel's family parts, including APA1000. This circuit powered from single 5VDC source provides tightly regulated outputs 2.5VDC 4.0A 3.3VDC 2.0A. Additionally, 5VDC passed through sequencing circuit provide additional controlled output 5.0VDC 2.0A.
VINPUT
330uF
4.7uF
1/8W
INTERSIL
4.7uF
1.0uF 100V
i4920DY
0.15uF
0.15uF
0.01uF
22uH
BOOT1
BOOT2
GATE1 GATE2 PHASE1 ISEN LGATE1 VSEN1 PHASE2 ISEN LGATE2 VSEN2
i4944DY
1.0uF 100V
1.30K
26.7K
10uH
1.43K
.001uF
17.8K
0.01uF
.002uF
OCSET OCSET
0.01uF
86.6K
0.01uF
84.5K
Figure ISL6539 Schematic
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Example Application Efficient Design with Power Sequencing Power-On Reset
most important considerations this design selection Power MOSFETs. These chosen once current been established.
Vout1 3.3V
Iout1
Vout
Irms Iout
Irms1 1.624
Irms1 1.166 Irms 2.828
upper lower upper lower
Irms Iout
Vout 2.5V
Iout
Based these values, Vishay Si4920DY chosen 3.3V output Si4944DY 2.5V output. conduction power losses these FETs will
Rdson1 .025
Rdson2 .010
Tfactor
Pconduct1 0.140W Pconduct 0.224W
Pconduct1 Irms1upp Irms1low Rdson Tfactor Pconduct Irms Rdson Tfactor
Since selected parts SO-8 package (two package), which capable dissipating 0.7W elevated ambient environment, these acceptable conduction losses. output choke value determined next using following calculations. Note that this example goal have ripple current output capacitors:
0.1Iout
ripple.
This shown yield following values:
17.9uH
10.2uH
that 22.0uH choke from Technologies chosen, with minimum inductance specified 15.8uH. 10.0uH choke from Technologies with minimum inductance 7.3uH chosen. Calculating worst-case ripple current capacitors using minimum inductance gives following:
Irms
Vout
Irms1 0.106 Irms 0.228
With choke selected ripple current determined, output capacitors selected. 150uF, 6.3V, capacitors from Sanyo series chosen. Note that this capacitor ripple current rating 1.7A degrees which provides more than adequate design margin.
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Example Application Efficient Design with Power Sequencing Power-On Reset
Power Sequencing
four channel ISL6123 power sequencing controller offers designer full timing control turn-on turnoff sequences with supply monitoring, fault protection, system reset output. This convenient systems that require particular sequence power application ensure supply voltages compliance prior system turn-on operation. Additionally, Intersil's ISL6123 low-power standby mode when disabled, making suitable battery powered applications. following example, ISL6123 shown connected between power supply rail voltages system load. Note that Actel's family does require specific sequence voltage application, only that voltage rails assert deassert together. However, this design flexible enough accommodate other system components that require specific sequencing. this example, rail voltages sequenced power down follows:
VOUT Nominal Setting 2.125 2.805 4.250 Actual Setting 2.115 2.781 4.268 Sequence Sequence Nominal Delay* 13mS 29mS 61mS Nominal Delay* 61mS 29mS 13mS
Actual setting based nominal values precision resistors Nominal Delay calculated multiplying capacitance value
i4920DY
Si4920DY SI4920DY
1/8W
8.45K
5.83K
14.3K
GATE_B
GATE_D
GATE_C
GATE_A
UVLO_A UVLO_B UVLO_C UVLO_D
DLY_OFF_D
ENABLE
SYSRST# RESET
DLY_OFF_C DLY_OFF_B DLY_ON_C DLY_ON_B DLY_OFF_A
DLY_ON_D
2.49K
2.49K
2.49K
DLY_ON_A
4.7uF
INTERSIL
ISL6
.022uF
.01uF
.047uF.047uF .01uF .022uF
Figure ISL6123 Schematic
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Example Application Efficient Design with Power Sequencing Power-On Reset
Each individual voltage threshold programmed using external resistors. Once voltages above their respective UVLO levels ENABLE asserted, sequencing rail voltages begins. Sequencing delay determined selection capacitors connected DLY_ON DLY_OFF pins, which charged internal current source 1uA. After entire turn-on sequence been completed GATEs have reached charge pumped voltage, internal 160ms delay started ensure stability. this delay, ISL6123 deasserts RESET# output which used system Power-On-Reset (POR) signal. SYSRST# input, when asserted, immediately shuts down outputs asserts RESET# signal. With combination Intersil's ISL6539 Dual Controller ISL6123 Power Sequencer, FPGA designer efficient flexible power supply that easily tailored many different applications. complete list components this example shown bill materials below.
Bill Materials Example
Item Part 330uF 4.7uF 4.7uF 4.7uF 4.7uF 4.7uF 0.15uF 0.15uF 1.0uF 100V 1.0uF 100V 0.001uF 150uF 6.3V 150uF 6.3V 0.01uF 0.01uF 0.01uF 0.01uF 0.002uF 0.01uF 0.01uF 0.047uF 0.047uF 0.022uF 0.022uF BAT54W BAT54W 22uH Technologies 41220 Manufacturer Vishay 94SVP337X0016F12 Taiyo Yuden LMK316BJ475ML Taiyo Yuden LMK316BJ475ML Taiyo Yuden LMK316BJ475ML Taiyo Yuden LMK316BJ475ML Taiyo Yuden LMK316BJ475ML Panasonic Panasonic C4532X7R2A105M C4532X7R2A105M Panasonic Sanyo 6TPB150MC Sanyo 6TPB150MC Panasonic Panasonic Panasonic Panasonic Panasonic Item
Bill Materials Example
Part 10uH Si4920DY Si4920DY Si4920DY Si4920DY Si4920DY Si4944DY Si4944DY 1/8W 1/8W 1.43K 26.7K 84.5K 1.30K 17.8K 86.6K 8.45K 2.49K 2.49K 2.49K 5.83K 14.3K ISL6539 ISL6123 INTERSIL INTERSIL
Manufacturer Technologies 41100 Vishay Vishay Vishay Vishay
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Example Application Efficient Design with Power Sequencing Power-On Reset
Figure Actel Evaluation Board Using Intersil ISL6539 ISL6123 Power Management Solutions
Check Intersil's online power supply simulation tool www.intersil.com/isim
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Intersil Powers Memory
Double Data Rate (DDR) Synchronous Dynamic Random Access Memory (SDRAM) today's memory choice many applications. name implies, SDRAM operates rate double that previous-generation Random Access Memory (RAM). While previous SDRAM allowed memory access clock cycle, SDRAM allows memory accesses cycle. Thus, data handling faster more efficient. addition dramatic increase data rate, memory requires less power because operates from lower source voltage, 2.5V compared 3.3V older SDRAM. Newer DDR-II memory operates further reduced voltage 1.8V (VDDQ).
utilize memory, special power considerations have addressed. memory requires three highly regulated voltages referred VDDQ, VREF VDDQ main high-current supply. memory termination voltage that half VDDQ (VDDQ/2). VREF low-power reference voltage that tracks half VDDQ which compared, where VREF DDR, VDDQ supply 2.5V produces high current power memory along with clock synthesizer core. Because this, VDDQ supply usually synchronous buck, switching regulator. supply must source sink current data lines. This also best handled synchronous buck regulator since linear regulators standard bucks cannot sink current.
PGOOD
ROCSET
OCSET/SD
RESET
PGOOD
BOOT1
DBOOT1
UGATE1
GNDA
PHASE1
CBOOT1
LOUT1
VDDQ
PVCC1
COUT1
SLEEP
V2_SD
LGATE1
VREF (.5xVDDQ)
VREF_IN VREF
COMP1
PGND1
ISL6531
DBOOT2
BOOT2 UGATE2
RTT1
CBOOT2
PHASE2
RTT2
SRAM
LOUT2 COUT2
RFB1
SENSE1
LGATE2 PGND2
RTTN
SENSE2
Intersil worked closely with industry chipFigure Typical Memory Power Solution makers memory manufacturers provide power solutions that supply required voltages along with full range protection features. What's more, Intersil looked opportunities value beyond basic memory power requirements. doing, Intersil offers selection memory power that offer very high integration small packages.
Intersil's Power Supply Solutions Memory
Complete Solutions ISL6530 ISL6531 ISL6227 ISL6532/A ISL6534 ISL6539 Single Solutions ISL6520/A ISL6522/A ISL6527/A 4.5V 2.5V 3.3V 12V, 4.5V 12V, 3.3V Comments With VREF output Internally compensated Automatic light/heavy load selection Includes standby LDO, ACPI compliant Includes standby Dual with mode Comments Small, cost 1%/0.5% regulation External input SOIC-8 SOIC-14, QFN-16, TSSOP-14 SOIC-14, QFN-16 Pkg/Pins SOIC-24, QFN-32 SOIC-24, QFN-32 SSOP-28 QFN-20/28 TSSOP-24, QFN-32 SSOP-28 Pkg/Pins
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Power Converter Layout Considerations
Layout very important high frequency switching converter design. With power devices switching efficiently 300kHz higher, resulting current transitions from device another cause voltage spikes across interconnecting impedances parasitic circuit elements. These voltage spikes degrade efficiency, radiate noise into circuit lead device over-voltage stress. Careful component layout printed circuit board design minimizes voltage spikes converters. example, consider turn-off transition MOSFET. Prior turn-off, MOSFET carrying full load current. During turn-off, current stops flowing MOSFET picked lower MOSFET. parasitic inductance switched current path generates large voltage spike during switching interval. Careful component selection, tight layout critical components short wide traces, minimize magnitude voltage spikes. There sets critical components DC-DC converter. switching components most critical because they switch large amounts energy, therefore tend generate large amounts noise. Next small signal components that connect sensitive nodes supply critical bypass current signal coupling. multi-layer printed circuit board recommended. Figure shows connections critical components ISL6530-based converter. Note that capacitors COUT could each represent numerous physical capacitors. Dedicate solid layer, usually middle layer board, ground plane make critical component ground connections with vias this layer. Dedicate another solid layer power plane break this plane into smaller islands common voltage levels. Keep metal runs from PHASE terminals output inductor short. power plane should support input power output power nodes. copper filled polygons bottom circuit layers phase nodes. remaining printed circuit layers small signal wiring. wiring traces from GATE pins MOSFET gates should kept short wide enough easily handle required drive current.
Appendix
ISL6530
BOOT1
CBOOT1
UGATE1
PHASE1
PHASE1
LOUT1
VDDQ
LGATE1
PGND1
COUT1
COMP1
SENSE1
BOOT2
UGATE2
VDDQ
CBOOT2
PHASE2
LGATE2
PHASE2
LOUT2
LOAD
COUT2
PGND2
COMP1
switching components should placed close controller (ISL6530 Figure first. Minimize length connections between input capacitors, power switches placing them nearby. SENSE2 Position both ceramic bulk input capacitors close upper MOSFET drain possible. Place output inductor output capaciKEY tors between upper MOSFET load. critical small signal ISLAND POWER PLANE LAYER components include bypass capacitors, feedback components, ISLAND CIRCUIT PLANE LAYER compensation components. Position bypass capacitor, close CONNECTION GROUND PLANE with directly ground plane. Place controller compensation components close COMP pins. feedback resistors both regulators should also located close possible Figure Switching Power Supply Layout relevant with vias tied straight ground plane required.
Recommendations Using ISL6530 Example
LOAD
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Power Typical Microprocessor-based System
Power
HIP6301/HIP6601B HIP6302/HIP6602B ISL6402 ISL6406 ISL6558/HIP6601B ISL6560/HIP6602B ISL6559/HIP6602B ISL6569/HIP6602B ISL6556A/B, ISL6605 ISL6561, ISL6605 ISL6563 ISL6563A/B
DRAM Microprocessor
DDRAM Power
Core Term.
ISL6520 ISL6520A/B ISL6522 ISL6530/31 ISL6532 ISL6532A/32B ISL6534 ISL6224 ISL6227A/26 IPM6210A
System Power Control
Power Sequencing
ISL6123 ISL6124 ISL6125 ISL6126 ISL6127 ISL6128 HIP1020
Supervisory
ISL6131 ORing ISL6132 ICL7665S Control ISL6536 ISL6144 ISL6550
FGPA/ASIC Power
ISL6521 ISL6227 ISL6520 ISL6526 EL7556 ISL6558 ISL6410/A
ISL6529 ISL6539 HIP6012 HIP6601BE ISL6522A ISL6563 EL7558B EL7536 EL7562 EL7554
FPGA/ASIC/ ASSPs
Pluggable Expansion
Swap Protection
ISL6111 HIP1011 HIP1011D ISL6118 HIP1012A ISL6161 ISL6115/16
Interface
ISL6119 EL7551 EL7512
Control
Cont. Power
Core
ISL6520 HIP6012 EL7551 EL7562 EL7564
Battery Management
ISL6291 ISL6292 ISL6293 ISL6295 ICL7673
Peripheral Power
ACPI General Control PurHIP6501A pose
HIP6502B HIP6503 ISL6504 ISL6505 ISL6521 ISL6227 ISL6401 ISL6402 ISL6406 ISL6439 ISL6522 ISL6526 ISL6528
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ASIA
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Printed 4/04 AG0006.0
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