ANUAL LUATIO SHEET FOLLO 45MHz 650MHz, Integrated VCOs with Diffe
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ANUAL LUATIO SHEET FOLLO
45MHz 650MHz, Integrated VCOs with Differential Output
Small Size Integrated Varactor Tuning Phase Noise Wide Application Frequency Range Differential Single-Ended Outputs Single +2.7V +5.5V Supply Ultra-Small SOT23-6 Package On-Chip Temperature-Stable Bias Low-Current Operation
General Description
MAX2605-MAX2609 compact, high-performance intermediate-frequency (IF) voltage-controlled oscillators (VCOs) designed specifically demanding portable wireless communication systems. They combine monolithic construction with low-noise, low-power operation tiny 6-pin SOT23 package. These low-noise VCOs feature on-chip varactor feedback capacitors that eliminate need external tuning elements, making MAX2605-MAX2609 ideal portable systems. Only external inductor required oscillation frequency. addition, integrated differential output buffer provided driving mixer prescaler. buffer output capable supplying -8dBm (differential) with simple power match. also provides isolation from load impedance variations. MAX2605-MAX2609 operate from single +2.7V +5.5V supply offer current consumption. These oscillators cover 45MHz 650MHz frequency range.
MAX2605-MAX2609
Ordering Information
PART TEMP. RANGE -40°C +85°C -40°C +85°C -40°C +85°C -40°C +85°C -40°C +85°C PINPACKAGE SOT23-6 SOT23-6 SOT23-6 SOT23-6 SOT23-6 MARK AABB AABC AABD AABE AABF
Applications
Cellular Mobile Phones 2.4GHz Band 902MHz 928MHz Band Land Mobile Radio Receivers General-Purpose Oscillators
MAX2605EUT-T MAX2606EUT-T MAX2607EUT-T MAX2608EUT-T MAX2609EUT-T
Selector Guide
PART MAX2605 MAX2606 MAX2607 MAX2608 MAX2609 FREQUENCY RANGE (MHz) SUPPLY CURRENT (mA) PHASE NOISE (dBc/Hz) -117 -112 -107 -100
Configuration/ Functional Diagram
VIEW
MAX2605 MAX2606 MAX2607 MAX2608 MAX2609
OUT+
TUNE
OUT-
SOT23-6
Maxim Integrated Products
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45MHz 650MHz, Integrated VCOs with Differential Output MAX2605-MAX2609
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
.-0.3V .-0.6V (VCC 0.3V) TUNE .-0.3V (VCC 0.3V) OUT+, OUT- .-0.3V (VCC 0.6V) Continuous Power Dissipation +85°C) 6-Pin SOT23 (derate 8.7mW/°C above +70°C) .696mW Operating Temperature Range .-40°C +85°C Junction Temperature .+150°C Storage Temperature Range .-65°C +150°C Lead Temperature (soldering, 10s) .+300°C
Stresses beyond those listed under "Absolute Maximum Ratings" cause permanent damage device. These stress ratings only, functional operation device these other conditions beyond those indicated operational sections specifications implied. Exposure absolute maximum rating conditions extended periods affect device reliability.
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
(VCC +2.7V +5.5V, VTUNE 0.4V 2.4V, -40°C +85°C, unless otherwise noted. Typical values +2.75V, VTUNE 1.5V, +25°C.) (Note1) PARAMETER Supply Voltage MAX2605 MAX2606 Supply Current (Note MAX2607 MAX2608 MAX2609 Output Current (Note TUNE Input Current OUT+ plus OUTTA +25°C -40°C +85°C +25°C -40°C +85°C +25°C -40°C +85°C +25°C -40°C +85°C +25°C -40°C +85°C 0.03 CONDITIONS UNITS
45MHz 650MHz, Integrated VCOs with Differential Output
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
(MAX2605-MAX2609 kits, +2.7V +5.5V, VTUNE 0.4V 2.4V, -40°C +85°C, unless otherwise noted. Typical values +2.75V, VTUNE 1.5V, +25°C.) (Note PARAMETER MAX2605 MAX2606 Oscillator Nominal Frequency Range (Note MAX2607 MAX2608 MAX2609 MAX2605 MAX2606 Guaranteed Frequency Limits (relative nominal) (Note MAX2607 MAX2608 MAX2609 Peak Tuning Gain Single-Ended Output Power (Note MAX2605, MAX2606, Phase Noise (Note fOFFSET 100kHz MAX2607, MAX2608, MAX2609, +25°C -40°C +85°C +25°C -40°C +85°C +25°C -40°C +85°C +25°C -40°C +85°C +25°C -40°C +85°C CONDITIONS -4.1 -2.25 -4.4 -2.5 -4.6 -2.75 -4.7 -2.8 -5.0 -3.0 14.5 -117 -112 -107 -100 dBc/Hz +3.2 +2.25 +3.4 +2.5 +3.6 +2.75 +3.6 +2.8 +3.8 +3.0 UNITS
MAX2605-MAX2609
VTUNE 0.4V 0.6V step (Note
45MHz 650MHz, Integrated VCOs with Differential Output MAX2605-MAX2609
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)
(MAX2605-MAX2609 kits, +2.7V +5.5V, VTUNE 0.4V 2.4V, -40°C +85°C, unless otherwise noted. Typical values +2.75V, VTUNE 1.5V, +25°C.) (Note PARAMETER Even-Order Harmonics MAX2605 MAX2606 Supply Pushing (Note MAX2607 MAX2608 MAX2609 CONDITIONS Differential, each side kHz/V UNITS
Note Production tested +25°C. Maximum minimum over temperature limits guaranteed design characterization. Note Supply current measured while part oscillating inductor QMIN. MAX2605/MAX2606/MAX2607, QMIN MAX2608/MAX2609, QMIN Note output current total available output signal current. Note Application range part achieved using external inductance specified Figures shown Figure internal varactors support center frequencies 45MHz 650MHz. center frequency defined value external inductor element, application frequency limits guaranteed design characterization. Note guaranteed (tested) limits measured VTUNE 0.4V VTUNE 2.4V, respectively. Passing requirements are: VTUNE VTUNE 2.4V. nominal frequency oscillation defined inductor. Note Describes peak tuning gain, which occurs VTUNE 0.4V. Note Measurement OUT+ OUT- matched optimum power transfer into load near center operating frequency range. Note phase-noise specifications listed apply typical operating circuit shown Figure Apply over entire operating frequency range MAX2605-MAX2609. Note Supply pushing measured with stepped from +2.7V +3.2V.
Typical Operating Characteristics
(MAX260_ kit, +2.75V, VTUNE 1.4V, +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)
SUPPLY CURRENT TEMPERATURE
MAX2605/9-01
TUNE INPUT LEAKAGE CURRENT TEMPERATURE
MAX2605/9-02
MAX2605 TUNING CURVE
MAX2605/9-03
SUPPLY CURRENT (mA) MAX2609 TEMPERATURE (°C) MAX2608 MAX2607 MAX2606
0.10
0.08 LEAKAGE CURRENT (nA)
FREQUENCY (MHz)
0.06
0.04
0.02
MAX2605 TEMPERATURE (°C) VTUNE
45MHz 650MHz, Integrated VCOs with Differential Output MAX2605-MAX2609
Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)
(MAX260_ kit, +2.75V, VTUNE 1.4V, +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)
MAX2606 TUNING CURVE
MAX2605/9-04
MAX2607 TUNING CURVE
MAX2605/9-05
MAX2608 TUNING CURVE
MAX2605/9-06
FREQUENCY (MHz)
FREQUENCY (MHz) FREQUENCY (MHz) VTUNE
VTUNE
VTUNE
MAX2609 TUNING CURVE
MAX2605/9-07
OUTPUT SPECTRUM
MAX2605/9-08
FREQUENCY (MHz)
(dB)
VTUNE
FREQUENCY
Description
NAME TUNE OUTFUNCTION Tuning Inductor Port. Connect inductor from center frequency (see Oscillation Frequency). Ground. Connect ground plane with low-inductance path. Voltage-Control Input Frequency Tuning. Input voltage range from +0.4V +2.4V. High-Impedance Open-Collector Output. external pull-up resistor inductor required. Output power dependent external load impedance. OUT- complementary OUT+. Supply Voltage Connection. Connect external bypass capacitor ground noise spurious-output content. Layout Issues more details. High-Impedance Open-Collector Output. external pull-up resistor inductor required. Output power dependent external load impedance. OUT+ complementary OUT-.
OUT+
45MHz 650MHz, Integrated VCOs with Differential Output MAX2605-MAX2609
Detailed Description
MAX2605-MAX2609 low-noise VCOs designed fixed/single-frequency applications. core oscillator circuit based well-known Colpitts topology. varactor feedback capacitors integrated on-chip that only external inductor required establish frequency oscillation produce properly operating VCO. tuning range, biasing, startup, etc., managed within This highly integrated design dramatically simplifies parts' application. tuning range wide enough that, with tolerance inductors, board-level adjustments oscillation frequency necessary. Once correct inductor value chosen, guaranteed always tune desired operating frequency. addition, with inductors moderate 40), achieves excellent phase-noise performance. that required Choose standard-value inductor with value just less than should adhere minimum requirements, implemented lower-cost, lower-Q, thin-film inductor. lower only small impact overall total inductance because <20% total inductance. However, overall must greater than minimum inductor (Table also permissible board traces provide small amount inductance, thereby adjusting total inductance value. MAX2608/MAX2609, inductance values sometimes more exactly implemented board trace (shorted GND), rather than inductor. When designing with inductors, simple model Figure calculate LEQ. Figures represents equivalent inductance seen (IND). equivalent inductance corresponds inductive reactance connected desired oscillation frequency (fNOMINAL). fNOMINAL) seen Figure Design desired NOMINAL MAX2605-MAX2609 designed tolerate approximately 0.5pF external parasitic capacitance IND. This parasitic capacitance arises from capacitance device pads inductor. Additional shunt capacitance recommended because degrades tuning range.
Applications Information
Desired Oscillation Frequency
desired operating frequency value external inductance, Figures show inductance value required achieve desired oscillation frequency. inductor value taken directly from these figures. Inductance must selected accurately ensure proper operation over conditions.
Inductor Implementation
inductance value required desired operating frequency necessarily coincide with standard-value inductor, which typically increases size ~1.2x steps. such cases, inductance must constructed from inductors, LF2, order achieve desired inductance value. Choose standard-value inductor with value just less than
Bypass Capacitor TUNE
MAX2605-MAX2609's oscillator design uses variant Colpitts topology, where bias varactor applied voltage TUNE ground connection through external inductor TUNE must also have high-frequency ground
Table External Inductor Range
PART MAX2605 MAX2606 MAX2607 MAX2608 MAX2609 FREQUENCY RANGE (MHz) INDUCTANCE RANGE (nH) 2200 INDUCTOR
Table CBYPASS Values
DEVICE MAX2605 MAX2606 MAX2607 MAX2608 MAX2609 CBYPASS
45MHz 650MHz, Integrated VCOs with Differential Output MAX2605-MAX2609
MAX2605 REQUIRED INDUCTANCE DESIRED FIXED FREQUENCY
1900
MEASUREMENT CONDITIONS 2.75V, 25°C, RLOAD 100||50 (100 RESISTIVE PULL-UP PARALLELED WITH IMPEDANCE), UNUSED OUTPUT TERMINATED PARASITIC SHUNT CAPACITANCE (IND GND) 0.45pF INDUCTANCE LISTED PRECISE NOMINAL INDUCTANCE VALUE REQUIRED FROM ORDER GUARANTEE TUNE DESIRED FIXED FREQUENCY, OVER OPERATING CONDITIONS WORST-CASE COMPONENT VALUES (±2% INDUCTOR PROCESS VARIATION).
1800
1700
1600
1500 REQUIRED INDUCTANCE (nH)
1400
1300
1200 EFFECTIVE INDUCTANCE FROM 1100
1000
INDUCTOR VALUE MOUNTED
DESIRED FIXED FREQUENCY (MHz)
Figure MAX2605 Required Inductance Desired Fixed Frequency
45MHz 650MHz, Integrated VCOs with Differential Output MAX2605-MAX2609
MAX2605 REQUIRED INDUCTANCE DESIRED FIXED FREQUENCY
MEASUREMENT CONDITIONS 2.75V, 25°C, RLOAD 100||50 (100 RESISTIVE PULL-UP PARALLELED WITH IMPEDANCE), UNUSED OUTPUT TERMINATED PARASITIC SHUNT CAPACITANCE (IND GND) 0.45pF INDUCTANCE LISTED PRECISE NOMINAL INDUCTANCE VALUE REQUIRED FROM ORDER GUARANTEE TUNE DESIRED FIXED FREQUENCY, OVER OPERATING CONDITIONS WORST-CASE COMPONENT VALUES (±2% INDUCTOR PROCESS VARIATION).
REQUIRED INDUCTANCE (nH)
EFFECTIVE INDUCTANCE FROM
INDUCTOR VALUE MOUNTED
DESIRED FIXED FREQUENCY (MHz)
Figure MAX2606 Required Inductance Desired Fixed Frequency
45MHz 650MHz, Integrated VCOs with Differential Output MAX2605-MAX2609
MAX2607 REQUIRED INDUCTANCE DESIRED FIXED FREQUENCY
MEASUREMENT CONDITIONS 2.75V, 25°C, RLOAD 100||50 (100 RESISTIVE PULL-UP PARALLELED WITH IMPEDANCE), UNUSED OUTPUT TERMINATED PARASITIC SHUNT CAPACITANCE (IND GND) 0.45pF INDUCTANCE LISTED PRECISE NOMINAL INDUCTANCE VALUE REQUIRED FROM ORDER GUARANTEE TUNE DESIRED FIXED FREQUENCY, OVER OPERATING CONDITIONS WORST-CASE COMPONENT VALUES (±2% INDUCTOR PROCESS VARIATION).
REQUIRED INDUCTANCE (nH)
EFFECTIVE INDUCTANCE FROM
INDUCTOR VALUE MOUNTED
DESIRED FIXED FREQUENCY (MHz)
Figure MAX2607 Required Inductance Desired Fixed Frequency
45MHz 650MHz, Integrated VCOs with Differential Output MAX2605-MAX2609
41.0 40.0 38.0 37.0 36.0 35.0 34.0 33.0 32.0 31.0 30.0 29.0 28.0 27.0 26.0 25.0 24.0 23.0 22.0 21.0 20.0 19.0 18.0 17.0 16.0 15.0 14.0 13.0 12.0 11.0
MAX2608 REQUIRED INDUCTANCE DESIRED FIXED FREQUENCY
MEASUREMENT CONDITIONS 2.75V, 25°C, RLOAD 100||50 (100 RESISTIVE PULL-UP PARALLELED WITH IMPEDANCE), UNUSED OUTPUT TERMINATED PARASITIC SHUNT CAPACITANCE (IND GND) 0.45pF INDUCTANCE LISTED PRECISE NOMINAL INDUCTANCE VALUE REQUIRED FROM ORDER GUARANTEE TUNE DESIRED FIXED FREQUENCY, OVER OPERATING CONDITIONS WORST-CASE COMPONENT VALUES (±2% INDUCTOR PROCESS VARIATION).
REQUIRED INDUCTANCE (nH)
EFFECTIVE INDUCTANCE FROM
INDUCTOR VALUE MOUNTED
10.0
Figure MAX2608 Required Inductance Desired Fixed Frequency
45MHz 650MHz, Integrated VCOs with Differential Output MAX2605-MAX2609
MAX2609 REQUIRED INDUCTANCE DESIRED FIXED FREQUENCY
14.0 13.5 13.0 12.5 12.0 11.5 11.0 10.5 REQUIRED INDUCTANCE (nH) 10.0 INDUCTOR VALUE MOUNTED EFFECTIVE INDUCTANCE FROM
MEASUREMENT CONDITIONS 2.75V, 25°C, RLOAD 100||50 (100 RESISTIVE PULL-UP PARALLELED WITH IMPEDANCE), UNUSED OUTPUT TERMINATED PARASITIC SHUNT CAPACITANCE (IND GND) 0.45pF INDUCTANCE LISTED PRECISE NOMINAL INDUCTANCE VALUE REQUIRED FROM ORDER GUARANTEE TUNE DESIRED FIXED FREQUENCY, OVER OPERATING CONDITIONS WORST-CASE COMPONENT VALUES (±2% INDUCTOR PROCESS VARIATION).
DESIRED FIXED FREQUENCY (MHz)
Figure MAX2609 Required Inductance Desired Fixed Frequency
45MHz 650MHz, Integrated VCOs with Differential Output MAX2605-MAX2609
cathode varactor. This accomplished through simple bypass capacitor connected from TUNE ground. value this capacitor should greater than equal values listed Table This capacitor provides "short" ground internal node varactor. acceptable select next-largest standard-value capacitor. capacitor with low-loss dielectric such NPO; X7Rbased capacitors suitable. Omitting this capacitor would affect tuning characteristics MAX2605-MAX2609. Proper operation VCOs requires this bypass capacitor. MAX2605-MAX2609 designed tune over full tuning range with voltage range 0.4V 2.4V applied TUNE. This voltage typically originates from output phase-locked (PLL) loop filter. from OUT- OUT+ place resistors) provide bias output stage. series capacitors connected from OUT- OUT+ load. values LMATCH CMATCH chosen according operating frequency load impedance. output stage essentially high-speed current switch, traditional linear impedance using techniques with parameters apply. achieve reactive power match, start with component values provided kit, adjust values experimentally. general, differential output applied manner, would conventional differential outputs. only constraints need pull-up element voltage swing limit output pins OUTand OUT+.
Layout Considerations
general, properly designed board essential RF/microwave circuit system. Always controlled impedance lines (microstrip, coplanar waveguide, etc.) high-frequency signals. Always place decoupling capacitors close possible. phase noise spurious content, appropriate size decoupling capacitor. long lines, necessary additional decoupling capacitors located further from device. Always provide low-inductance path ground. Keep vias close device possible. addition, should placed away from noisy section larger system, such switching regulator digital circuits. star topology separate ground returns. resonator tank circuit (LF) critical determining VCO's performance. best performance, high-Q components choose values carefully. minimize effects parasitic elements, which degrade circuit performance, place CBYP close their respective pins. Specifically, place CBYP directly across pins (GND) (TUNE). higher frequency versions, consider extra parasitic inductance capacitance when determining oscillation frequency. sure account following: board capacitance IND, board capacitance junction series inductors, series inductance board traces, inductance ground return path from grounded side inductor IC's pin. best results, connect "ground" side tuning inductor close possible. addition, remove ground plane around under CBYP minimize effects parasitic capacitance.
Output Interface
MAX2605-MAX2609 includes differential output amplifier after oscillator core. amplifier stage provides valuable isolation offers flexible interface stages, such mixer prescaler. output taken single ended differentially; however, maximum output power lowest harmonic output achieved differential output mode. Both outputs (OUT- OUT+) open-collector types require pull-up element VCC; this either resistive inductive. resistor pull-up most straightforward method interfacing output, works well applications that operate lower frequencies only require modest voltage swing. Figure pull-up resistors that connected from OUT+ OUT- VCC, respectively. These resistors provide bias output amplifier maximum value permitted with compliance output voltage swing limits. addition, resistors maximize swing load. DC-blocking capacitors connected from OUT- OUT+ load. load driven primarily resistive operating frequency below -3dB bandwidth output network, then peak-to-peak differential signal amplitude approximately:
LOAD VOUTp diff LOAD
optimize output voltage swing output power, reactive power match. matching network simple shunt-inductor series-capacitor circuit, shown Figure inductors connected
45MHz 650MHz, Integrated VCOs with Differential Output MAX2605-MAX2609
OUT+ TUNE FROM LOOP FILTER OUTPUT OUTRLOAD RLOAD
CBYP
MAX2605 MAX2606 MAX2607 MAX2608 MAX2609
Figure Typical Operating Circuit
Chip Information
TRANSISTOR COUNT:
45MHz 650MHz, Integrated VCOs with Differential Output MAX2605-MAX2609
NOMINAL
CPAR2
CPAR1
MAX2605 MAX2606 MAX2607 MAX2608 MAX2609
MAX2605 MAX2606 MAX2607 MAX2608 MAX2609
Figure Simple Model External Inductance
Figure Inductive Reactance (IND)
MAX2605 MAX2606 MAX2607 MAX2608 MAX2609
Figure Output Matching Network
45MHz 650MHz, Integrated VCOs with Differential Output
Package Information
6LSOT.EPS
Maxim cannot assume responsibility circuitry other than circuitry entirely embodied Maxim product. circuit patent licenses implied. Maxim reserves right change circuitry specifications without notice time.
Maxim Integrated Products, Gabriel Drive, Sunnyvale, 94086 408-737-7600 2000 Maxim Integrated Products Printed registered trademark Maxim Integrated Products.
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