Introduction Thermistor Components Special Test Services Configure Ord
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Precision Thermistors Probes
Introduction Thermistor Components Special Test Services Configure Order Probes Series Reusable Probes 4600 Precision Thermometers Technical Information
Thermistors
developed first interchangeable thermistor probes 1955 first line precision interchangeable thermistors 1961. 1982, introduced first precision interchangeable glassencapsulated thermistors. have improved these products expanded them into full line precision thermistors.
What Thermistors?
name derived from device's major characteristic- it's thermally sensitive resistor. There major types: NTC, with negative temperature coefficient resistance; PTC, with positive temperature coefficient. manufactures thermistors, which exhibit steep drop resistance temperature increases, providing high sensitivity temperature changes. resistance changes approximately three orders magnitude 100°C range. This provides means measure very small temperature variations very accurately.
Manufacture Thermistors
turing process. achieve interchangeability over extended temperature range, material constant beta must tightly controlled. maintains variability beta less than 0.3%. resistance (ohm) function resistivity physical dimensions device. Although slope resistivity fixed composition firing temperature, resistance adjusted varying dimensions. uses this property patented process manufacture precision interchangeable thermistors.
Advantages Thermistors
Sensitivity-A thermistor much more sensitive temperature change than other sensors. typical thermistor changes 1,290 ohms degree 25°C. Interchangeability-YSI thermistors available with interchangeabilities ±0.05°C, just single point over temperature range from 70°C. This result precise process control extreme attention quality. Two-Wire Connection-No reference junction compensation necessary with thermocouples. thermistor's inherent higher resistance allows longer lead length without introducing significant errors compared platinum RTDs, which must operate 3-wire 4-wire mode. Ruggedness-The NASA qualification program includes numerous tests ruggedness, which thermistors continue pass. NASA deemed thermistors worthy qualification extended space flight. Hermetic Seal-YSI glass-encapsulated thermistors achieve hermetic seal between environment thermistor disk. This permits measurement severe moisture environments without concern silver migration. Flexibility-YSI thermistors come great variety resistances, slope characteristics, lead configurations encapsulation materials. charts that follow will help determine which thermistor will perform best your application.
Manufacturing precision thermistors involves ceramics technology, solid state chemistry, electronics precision temperature measurement. Thermistors mixed metal oxide semiconductors. prepare them intimately mixing fine powders transition metal oxides, pressing them into disks under high pressure, firing disks high temperature. high-temperature firing process, called sintering, metal oxides undergo solid state chemical reaction, forming electrically active material called spinel. Spinels transition metal oxides, such nickel, manganese iron, exhibit large changes resistance with small changes temperature. After sintering, apply electrical contacts attach leads. protect thermistors from environmental damage, encapsulate them epoxy glass. electrical properties controlled composition, sintering temperature oxygen partial pressure. material constant beta slope) resistivity (ohm-cm) established manufac-
Capabilities
This catalog describes thermistors, probes assemblies laboratory, medical, industrial process temperature measurement, control, indication compensation. purchase thermistors unmounted complete temperature sensing assemblies. manufactures thermistors thermistor probe assemblies diverse fields temperature sensing: from neonatal infant monitoring tracking temperature astronauts space; from measurement temperature ocean maintaining critical temperature parameters satellites; from one-time disposable medical probe decades buried telecommunications cables. provide with proper thermistor well help design appropriate probe configuration your critical temperature applications. Custom Profiles-When standard thermistors probes just meet your requirements, help. have years experience helping engineers develop temperature measurement solutions. applications engineering staff work you.
Spinel Electrical Contact Electrical Contact
Special Testing-We have special test section thermistors requiring extraordinary specific verification characteristics. NASA qualification process includes long-term testing, burn-in, vibration, impact, humidity, high-temperature low-temperature exposure. precision temperature measurement capabilities extend past millikelvin range. constanttemperature baths verifying thermistor calibration have stabilities accuracies better than millikelvin (±0.005°C). NIST Traceability-Our thermistor temperature measurements directly traceable National Institute Standards Technology (NIST). maintain world-class temperature calibration laboratory thermistor reference probes standard platinum resistance thermometers. It's only laboratory outside Germany with (Deutscher Kalibrierdienst) accreditation from PTB, Germany's equivalent NIST. SPRTs-YSI also manufactures world's working standard temperature, traditional standard platinum resistance thermometer (SPRT).
Encapsulant
Lead
Lead
Lead
internal construction thermistor
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Comparative Sensor Table
specialize thermistor-based temperature measurement. chart tells thermistors compare with other temperature measurement methods. When accuracy sensitivity important, thermistors best choice.
Thermistor ohms megohms 25°C Thermocouple Platinum 100, 200, 500, 1,000 ohms Integrated Circuit Temperature Sensor
Sensitivity Units Standard Accuracy (°C) Interchangeability Stability 100°C
ohms/°C 25°C
µV/°C
0.00385 0.00392 1µA/°C ohms/ohm/°C
±0.05 ±0.2°C 0.02°C/ month (epoxy) 0.02°C/year (glass)
±0.8 ±4.4°C Depends environment
±0.3°C 0.05°C/year (film) 0.002°C/year (wire)
±0.6 ±5.0°C 0.1°C/month
Power Required Minimum Practical Span Temperature Range Reference Ruggedness Maximum Power (self-heat) Stated Accuracy Sensitivity Hysteresis over Range Repeatability over Range Lead Wire Configuration
Stable voltage current -100 +250°C None Very rugged
Self-powered 100°C -100 +1750°C Cold junction Large wire diameter very rugged (susceptible amplifier bias current error)
Stable voltage current 25°C -200 +750°C None Rugged
25°C +150°C None Very Rugged Offset error supply voltage dependent
<0.01°C <0.01°C 2-wire
>1°C ±0.5°C Thermocouple extension wire
0.01°C <0.01°C 4-wire
available ±0.1°C 2-wire
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Characteristics Thermistors
Series Coefficient Resistance Ratio 25°C/125°C Maximum Operating Temperature (°C) Recommended Operating Range Dissipation Constant 55000 Negative 23.51 29.26 46000 Negative 23.51 29.26 45000 Negative 23.51 29.26 44900 Negative 23.51 29.26 44000 Negative 11.49 61.96 Thermilinear Negative
200°C
250°C
250°C
150°C
150°C
150°C
+200°C
+200°C
+200°C
+90°C
120°C
100°C
mW/°C mW/°C 2252-30K
mW/°C mW/°C 2252-30K
mW/C mW/°C 2252-30K
mW/°C mW/°C typical 2252-30K
mW/°C mW/C typical
mW/°C mW/°C typical
Thermal Time Constant Resistance Available 25°C Stability
0.12°C/10 100°C 0.15°C/10 150°C ±0.1, ±0.2°C
0.01°C/10 100°C 0.05°C/10 150°C ±0.05, ±0.1 ±0.2°C 0.125" 0.25" Hermetic
0.05°C/10 100°C 0.11°C/10 150°C ±0.2°C
<O.2°C/10 100°C
<0.2°C/10 100°C
<0.2°C/10 100°C
Interchangeability 70°C Size
±0.1, ±0.2°C
±0.1, ±0.2°C
±0.15°C others available 0.110" 0.150" noncondensing high moisture Insulated tinned copper
0.095" 0.125" Hermetic
0.125" 0.25" Hermetic
0.095" 0.187"
0.095"w 0.187"
Resistance Moisture
23648 90-98% days noncondensing high moisture Tinned copper Tinned copper
Lead Material
Gold plated Dumet
Gold plated Dumet
Gold plated Dumet
SECTION
Thermistor Components
Precision Interchangeable Thermistors 44000 Series High-T emperature Hermetic Thermistors 45000 Series Super-Stable Thermistors 46000 Series (Glass-Encapsulated Material) Thermistors 55000 Series NASA Space-Qualified Thermistors 44900 Series Interchangeability Tolerance Data Thermilinear Components
Precision Interchangeable Thermistors
44000 Series Epoxy-Encapsulated General 44100 Series with Teflon Sheath Harsh Environments
thermistors provide highly accurate stable temperature sensing measurement, control, indication compensation. tight interchangeability precision components allows precise measurement without calibration circuitry match individual components. offer interchangeability tolerances- ±0.2°C, ±0.1°C configurations epoxyencapsulated epoxy-encapsulated with Teflon sheath. Choose epoxy-encapsulated components applications where cost, flexibility wide range resistance values important. 44000 Series available both ±0.2°C ±0.1°C interchangeability tolerances. Teflon-sheathed thermistors allow exposure hostile environments such conductive corrosive liquids particulate suspensions. stiff wire tube lets form thermistor leads various shapes with slight finger pressure. make 44100 Series various resistances ±0.2°C tolerances. thermistors fabricated using proprietary processes designed achieve highly accurate stable thermistors with each production lot. Comparing stability accuracy specifications will highlight advantages process. When accuracy important today future, there only choice, YSI.
44000 Series Thermistors
Tinned Solid Copper Wire Min.
44100 Series Thermistors with Teflon Sheath
Teflon Tube 1/4"
.095" Dia. Max.
Min. .110" Dia. Max.
Min.
Tinned Solid Copper Wire Min. 76mm
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Specifications
Time Constant: standard thermistors, Teflon-sheathed thermistors, when suspended their leads wellstirred bath. still air, standard thermistors, Teflon-sheathed thermistors. Dissipation Constant: mW/°C when suspended their leads well-stirred bath, mW/°C still air. Stability: thermistors chemically stable significantly affected aging exposure strong nuclear radiation. table shows typical stability representative thermistor, 44005. Operating Typical Thermometric Drift Temperature months months <0.01°C <0.01°C 25°C <0.01°C <0.02°C 100°C 0.20°C 0.32°C 150°C 1.5°C recommended Resistance/Temperature Data: resistance versus temperature table increments Technical Information Section. Interchangeability Tolerance Data: Tables pages show nominal resistance values, ohms degree, tolerance select temperatures over operating range. Temperature Probe Assemblies: 44000 Series Thermistors installed many probes described Configure-toOrder Probe Section. Maximum Power: 25°C 125°C short-term.
Order
Please order from your representative Customer Service.
Ordering Part Numbers Standard Teflon
Zero Power Beta Ratio Maximum Best Storage Resistance 0-50°C Working Working 25°C 25/125°C Temperature Temperature 1000 2252 3000 5000 6000 100K 300K 1000 2252 3000 5000 2854 3118 3271 3891 3891 3891 3891 3891 3574 3810 3988 4276 4582 3271 3891 3891 3891 3891 3891 3574 3810 11.49 15.15 17.33 29.26 29.26 29.26 29.26 29.26 23.51 29.15 34.82 46.02 61.96 17.33 29.26 29.26 29.26 29.26 29.26 23.51 29.15 100°C 100°C 100°C 150°C 150°C 150°C 150°C 150°C 150°C 150°C 150°C 150°C 150°C 100°C 75°C 75°C 75°C 75°C 75°C 75°C 75°C -80-+50°C -80-+50°C -80-+50°C -80-+120°C -80-+120°C -80-+120°C -80-+120°C -80-+120°C -80-+120°C -80-+120°C -80-+120°C -80-+120°C -80-+120°C -80-+50°C -80-+75°C -80-+75°C -80-+75°C -80-+75°C -80-+75°C -80-+75°C -80-+75°C
±0.2°C Interchangeability Tolerance 70°C
44001A 44002A 44003A 44004 44005 44007 44017 44016 44006 44008 44011 44014 44015 44035 44033 44030 44034 44036 44037 44031 44032
44101A 44102A 44103A 44104 44105 44107 44117 44116 44106 44108 44111 44114 44115
±0.1°C Interchangeability Tolerance 70°C
High-T emperature Hermetic Thermistors
45000 Series
45000 Series Thermistors manufactured with glass hermetic encapsulation, providing stability over wide range operating temperatures. We've designed this series elevated temperatures high humidity (95% above). substitute these thermistors 44000 Series with circuit changes. Replacement standard epoxy coating with glass hermetic encapsulation provides significant advantages. Improved resistance humid environments Excellent high-temperature stability Interchangeability high temperature Wide operating range: +250°C Higher power handling capabilities 45000 Series thermistors come range resistance values, ±0.2°C interchangeability tolerance. further information glass thermistor performance severe moisture environments, page Tests Show Thermistor Stability.
.25" Max. 3.0" Min.
0.125" Dia. Max. 0.110" Dia. Typical
Gold Plated Dumet
Specifications
Time Constant: when suspended leads wellstirred bath, still air. Dissipation Constant: mW/°C when suspended leads well-stirred bath, mW/°C still air. Stability: Typical thermistor stability 100°C 0.05°C months. Resistance/Temperature Data: resistance versus temperature table Technical Information Section. Temperature Probe Assemblies: 45000 Series Thermistors installed many probes described Configure Order Probe Section. Interchangeability Tolerance Data: Table page shows nominal resistance values, ohms degree, tolerance select temperatures over operating range. Maximum Power: 25°C derated 125°C.
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Order
Please order from your representative Customer Service.
Ordering Part Numbers
Zero Power Resistance 25°C 2252 3000 5000
Beta 50°C 3891 3891 3891 3891 3574 3891 3810
Ratio 25/125°C 29.26 29.26 29.26 29.26 23.51 29.26 29.15
Maximum Working Temperature 200°C 200°C 250°C 250°C 250°C 250°C 250°C
±0.2°C Interchangeability Tolerance 70°C
45004 45005 45007 45017 45006 45016 45008
Super-Stable Thermistors
46000 Series
46000 Series components represent state long-term stability performance. coupling glass hermetic encapsulation with 100% resistance shift screening, offer stability never before realized with thermistor components. offer 46000 Series thermistors with interchangeability tolerances tight ±0.05°C, well ±0.1°C ±0.2°C. Many leading aerospace companies have recognized advantages these parts, developing their specifications qualifying, screening using these thermistors high-reliability applications. welcome your inquiry special measurement points special test services.
.25" Max. 3.0" Min.
0.125" Dia.
GoldPlated Dumet
Differential Point Cycling
second test cycling from ambient below point. Moisture major cause failure standard non-hermetic thermistors. This test exposed thermistors multiple cycles with minutes below point minutes ambient. After over 3,500 cycles, appreciable shifts.
0.10 0.08 0.06 0.04 0.02 0.00 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500
Tests Show Thermistor Stability
45000 46000 Series Thermistors offer unparalleled stability moisture resistance thermistor components. data from three tests performed demonstrate that glass thermistors device choice extreme environments.
High-Temperature Testing
Number Dewpoint Cycles
High-Temperature Cycling
first static high-temperature testing. thermistors show some increase resistance over time; higher temperature, greater shift. placed glass thermistors isothermal 150°C environment extended time testing. average, they shifted less than 0.040°C 5,000 hours.
0.10 0.08 0.06 0.04 0.02 0.00 1000 Hours 150°C 5000
last, most rigorous test, thermal cycling. This cycle consisted minutes ambient minutes 200°C. several hundred cycles. Shifts after cycles averaged less than 0.2°C.
Number Cycles 200°C
Specifications
Time Constant: when suspended leads wellstirred bath, still air. Dissipation Constant: mW/°C when suspended leads well-stirred bath, mW/°C still air. Resistance/Temperature Data: resistance versus temperature table Technical Information Section. Interchangeability Tolerance Data: Tables pages show nominal resistance values, ohms degree, tolerance select temperatures over operating range. Temperature Probe Assemblies: 46000 Series Thermistors installed many probes described Configure Order Probe Section. Typical Thermometric Drift Operating Typical Thermometric Drift Temperature months months 25°C <0.01°C <0.01°C 70°C <0.01°C <0.01°C 100°C 0.02°C 0.03°C 150°C 0.05°C 0.08°C 200°C 0.22°C 0.60°C
Order
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Ordering Part Numbers
Zero Power Resistance 25°C 2252 3000 5000
Beta 50°C 3891 3891 3891 3891 3574 3891 3810
Ratio /125°C 29.26 29.26 29.26 29.26 23.51 29.26 29.15
Maximum Working Temperature 200°C 200°C 200°C 200°C 200°C 200°C 200°C
±0.2°C Interchangeability Tolerance 70°C
46004 46005 46007 46017 46006 46016 46008
±0.1°C Interchangeability Tolerance 70°C
46033 46030 46034 46037 46031 46036 46032
2252 3000 5000
3891 3891 3891 3891 3574 3891 3810
29.26 29.26 29.26 29.26 23.51 29.26 29.15
200°C 200°C 200°C 200°C 200°C 200°C 200°C
±0.05°C Interchangeability Tolerance 70°C
46043 46040 46044 46047 46041 46046
2252 3000 5000 6000
3891 3891 3891 3891 3574 3891
29.26 29.26 29.26 29.26 23.51 29.26
200°C 200°C 200°C 200°C 200°C 200°C
Thermistors
(Glass-Encapsulated Material)
55000 Series
This thermistor product line from combines benefits high accuracy super-stable thermistors with low-cost automated assembly technology. result unique product line that defines cost versus performance model. Thermistors specially formulated glass material which provides hermetic package rugged enough most industrial applications. product high-temperature capability, 200°C, improved stability compared epoxy- plastic- encapsulated thermistors. Automated manufacturing 55000 Series allows unprecedented process control thermistor calibration glass encapsulation.
Variety Types Qualification Testing
Thermistor been evaluated using R-23648 specifications. thermistor passed requirements insulation resistance, thermal shock, vibration, shock, moisture resistance, immersion, resistance solder heat short-time overload. High quality reliability achieved combining standard thermistor fabrication process with proprietary process glass encapsulation.
Applications
Interchangeability tolerance levels-±0.2°C, ±0.1°C Standard resistances-2252 25°C standard slopes- mixes
Performance Advantages
Excellent long-term stability Broad temperature range 200°C Hermetically sealed glass Price/performance leader
0.095" Dia. Max. 2.41
2.5" Min.
Gold-Plated Dumet Glass-Encapsulated
Thermistor ideal applications which require high stability 200°C subject high-moisture environment. Temperature compensation sensitive electronic circuits such precision clocks, communications devices, medical scientific instruments achieve improved results with Thermistor. applications engineering assist selecting best thermistor your application. Thermistor performance characteristics which directly compete with thin platinum RTDs. thermistor's superior resolution, high resistance values ruggedness available low-cost package, making obvious choice many applications. Thermistor effective when combined with Configure-to-Order (CTO) probe offerings. high stability temperature characteristics packaged Probe styles, providing flexibility purchase solution most demanding temperature measurement needs. section Configure-to-Order probes.
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Specifications
Time Constant: Thermistors, well-stirred bath. still air, Thermistors. Dissipation Constant: mW/°C when suspended their leads well-stirred bath, mW/°C still air. Stability: thermistors chemically stable significantly affected aging exposure strong nuclear radiation. table shows typical stability 55016. Operating Typical Thermometric Drift Temperature months <0.01°C 25°C <0.01°C 100°C 0.12°C 150°C 0.15°C 200°C 0.20°C Resistance/Temperature Data: resistance versus temperature table Technical Information Section. Interchangeability Tolerance Data: Tables pages show nominal resistance values, ohms degree, tolerance select temperatures over operating range. Temperature Probe Assemblies: 55000 Series Thermistors installed many probes described Configure Order Probe Section. Maximum Power: 25°C 125°C short-term.
Order
Please order from your representative Customer Service.
Ordering Zero Power Part Resistance Numbers 25°C
Beta 0-50°C 3891 3891 3891 3891 3574 3891 3810 3891 3891 3891 3891 3891 3574 3810
Ratio Short Term 25/125°C Temperature 29.26 29.26 29.26 29.26 23.51 29.26 29.15 29.26 29.26 29.26 29.26 29.26 23.51 29.15 250°C 250°C 250°C 250°C 200°C 250°C 200°C 250°C 250°C 250°C 250°C 200°C 200°C
Best Working Temperature -80-+200°C -80-+200°C -80-+200°C -80-+200°C -80-+150°C -80-+200°C -80-+150°C -80-+125°C -80-+125°C -80-+125°C -80-+125°C -80-+125°C -80-+100°C -80-+100°C
±0.2°C Interchangeability Tolerance 70°C ±0.1°C Interchangeability Tolerance 70°C
55004 55005 55007 55017 55006 55016 55008 55033 55030 55034 55037 55036 55031 55032
2252 3000 5000 6000 2252 3000 5000 6000
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NASA Space-Qualified Thermistors
44900 Series Goddard Space Flight Center GSFC S-311-P-18
NASA qualified epoxy-encapsulated thermistors extended space flight. Goddard Space Flight Center issued GSFC S-311-P-18 1974 specify performance requirements these thermistors. re-qualify group thermistors every year screen every thermistor before stocking. Re-qualification includes following tests that referenced R-23648. Short time load Thermal shock Insulation resistance Resistance soldering heat Low-temperature storage High-temperature storage Dissipation constant Thermal time constant Terminal strength Moisture resistance High-temperature exposure High-frequency vibration Medium-impact shock Immersion screen every 44900 Series Thermistor according this specification. Screening includes visual mechanical requirements, thermal shock, high-temperature storage, insulation resistance additional resistance versus temperature analysis. This qualification screening gives confidence that component will perform rigorous requirements space flight other application. Customers often submit their specifications that testing capabilities combinations Goddard specification. Thermistors procured compliance with GSFC311-P-18 identified specific Goddard part number with 311P18 prefix, dash number resistance range, lead code lead length code. stock components with style leads long. Please contact Customer Service when ordering other lead styles lengths.
Special Test Services
offer special test services qualify parts customer source control drawings. thermistors probes custom built tested meet most stringent qualification requirements.
Specifications
Standard Configuration: 44900 Series Thermistors provided specifications shown drawings. Each unit color-coded indicate resistance value marked with green between leads indicate successful acceptance testing. Configuration Options: special order, 44900 Series Thermistors available with wide variety options, including leads various lengths, special lead materials, insulated leads fullyencased units. Space-qualified thermistors also installed many probes described Configure Order Probe Section. Time Constant: when suspended leads wellstirred bath. Dissipation Constant: mW/°C when suspended leads well-stirred bath, mW/°C still air. Resistance/Temperature Data: resistance versus temperature table Technical Information Section. Interchangeability Tolerance Data: Tables pages show nominal resistance values, ohms degree, tolerance select temperatures over operating range. Outgas: 44900 Series Thermistors tested accordance with ASE-595-90, 0.66% 0.01% CVCM, 0.10% WVR. Cage Code: 1L9U5
Bare Lead Thermistor
Green Acceptance
Insulated Lead Thermistor Green Acceptance
Dia. Max. Type Lead Configuration Tinned Solid Copper Wire Min. Type Lead Configuration Solid Nickel Wire Min.
Dia. Max. Type Lead Configuration Stranded Tefzel-Insulated Wire Min. Type Lead Configuration Stranded Teflon-Insulated Wire Min.
Teflon Covered Thermistor
Green Acceptance
Teflon Tube
Min.
Dia. Max. Type Lead Configuration Tinned Solid Copper Wire Min.
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Ordering GSFC Part S311P18 Number Number
Basic Thermistor 44004 44005 44007 44006 44008 44033 44030 44034 44031 44032
Zero Power Resistance 25°C 2252 3000 5000 2252 3000 5000
Beta 0-50°C 3891 3891 3891 3574 3810 3891 3891 3891 3574 3810
Operating Storage Temperature* -55-+90°C -55-+90°C -55-+90°C -55-+90°C -55-+90°C -55-+70°C -55-+70°C -55-+70°C -55-+70°C -55-+70°C
Color Code Body
±0.2°C Interchangeability Tolerance 70°C ±0.1°C Interchangeability Tolerance 70°C
44901 44903 44905 44907 44909 44902 44904 44906 44908 44910
-01S7R6 -03S7R6 -05S7R6 -07S7R6 -09S7R6 -02S7R6 -04S7R6 -06S7R6 -08S7R6 -10S7R6
black black black black black orange orange orange orange orange
yellow green violet blue gray orange black yellow brown
*Thermistors with ±0.2°C interchangeability tolerance have short-term operating temperature excursions 150°C; thermistors with ±0.1°C interchangeability tolerance have short-term operating temperature excursions 100°C.
±0.2°C Interchangeability Tolerance Data
table shows nominal resistance values, ohms degree (sensitivity), tolerances percent Thermistor Series. Series 440_ 450_ 460_ 550_ Description Epoxy-Encapsulated High-Temperature Hermetic Thermistors Super-Stable Thermistors Glass-Encapsulated Thermistors first three digits model number specify series thermistor. last digits specify thermistor type. Example: 44016, 45016, 46016, 55016, define Thermistors.
Thermistor -80°C Ohms/° -40°C Ohms/° Ohms/° 25°C Ohms/° 40°C Ohms/° 70°C Ohms/° 100°C Ohms/° 150°C Ohms/° 200°C Ohms/°
14470 0.60 4.10% 1374 0.40 2.01% 239.2 0.20 0.76% 0.20 0.64% 63.1 1.85 0.20 0.61% 28.3 0.36 0.88% 14.3 1.00 2.09%
67660 4880 0.60 4.50% 5198 284.5 0.40 2.19% 777.5 32.05 0.20 0.83% 10.55 0.20 0.70% 181.4 0.20 0.64% 75.2 0.36 0.96% 35.8 1.00 2.26%
2788K 20700 0.60 4.64% 19640 1115 0.40 2.28% 2710 0.20 0.86% 37.05 0.20 0.74% 589.5 19.85 0.20 0.67% 0.36 1.02% 106.4 1.00 2.41%
1660K 142K 1.00 8.60% 75790 5045 0.40 2.66% 7355 0.20 1.02% 2252 0.20 0.88% 1200 48.5 0.20 0.80% 394.5 13.5 0.20 0.68% 152.8 4.45 0.30 0.88% 41.9 1.00 2.30%
2211K 189K 1.00 8.60% 101K 6710 0.40 2.66% 9796 0.20 1.02% 131.5 0.20 0.88% 1598 64.5 0.20 0.80% 525.4 17.95 0.20 0.68% 203.8 5.95 0.30 0.88% 55.6 1.00 2.33%
3685K 315K 1.00 8.50% 168300 11250 0.40 2.66% 16330 0.20 1.02% 0.20 0.88% 2663 0.20 0.80% 875.7 29.95 0.20 0.68% 339.6 9.95 0.30 0.88% 92.7 2.17 1.00 2.30%
4423K 379K 1.00 8.60% 201900 13450 0.40 2.66% 19600 0.20 1.02% 0.20 0.88% 3197 129.5 0.20 0.80% 1051 0.20 0.68% 407.1 11.85 0.30 0.88% 111.6 1.00 2.30%
7371K 1.00 8.60% 336500 22400 0.40 2.66% 32660 1670 0.20 1.02% 0.20 0.88% 5329 0.20 0.80% 1752 0.20 0.68% 678.5 19.75 0.30 0.88% 186.1 1.00 2.30%
3558K 262K 1.00 7.40% 239800 14200 0.40 2.37% 29490 1370 0.20 0.93% 402.5 0.20 0.81% 5592 0.20 0.74% 1990 63.5 0.20 0.64% 816.8 22.55 0.30 0.83% 1.00 2.22% 884600 53700 0.40 2.50% 94980 4695 0.20 1.00% 1290 0.20 0.86% 16150 0.20 0.80% 5359 182.5 0.20 0.68% 2069 0.30 0.88% 550.2 13.3 1.00 2.35% 3356K 209K 0.40 2.49% 333100 17150 0.20 1.03% 100K 4495 0.20 0.90% 52190 2175 0.20 0.83% 16370 0.20 0.71% 6005 0.30 0.93% 1481 1.00 2.57% 1088K 0.20 1.10% 300K 14500 0.20 0.97% 149400 6700 0.20 0.90% 42850 1655 0.20 0.77% 14480 0.30 1.02% 3186 1.00 2.71% 3966K 226K 0.20 1.17% 1000K 51650 0.20 1.03% 473200 22800 0.20 0.96% 123300 5150 0.20 0.84% 38200 1380 0.30 1.09% 7447 1.00 2.93%
14.9 0.25 1.30 2.40%
19.8 0.40 1.30 2.40%
32.9 0.60 1.30 2.40%
39.6 0.70 1.30 2.40%
65.9 1.20 1.30 2.40%
86.5 1.55 1.30 2.40%
186.7 3.65 1.30 2.40%
±0.1°C Interchangeability Tolerance Data
table shows nominal resistance values, ohms degree (sensitivity), tolerances percent Thermistor Series. Series 440_ 460_ 550_ Description Epoxy-Encapsulated Super-Stable Thermistors Glass-Encapsulated Thermistors
first three digits model number specify series thermistor. last digits specify thermistor type. Note: 45000 Thermistors available ±0.1°C interchangeability tolerance Example: 44016, 46016, 55016, define Thermistors.
Thermistor -80°C Ohms/° -40°C Ohms/° Ohms/° 25°C Ohms/° 40°C Ohms/° 70°C Ohms/° 100°C Ohms/° Tol°C 150°C Ohms/° 200°C Ohms/°
2788K 20700 3.97% 19640 1115 0.20 1.14% 2710 0.20 0.86% 37.05 0.20 0.74% 589.5 19.85 0.20 0.67% 0.36 1.02% 106.4 1.00 2.14%
1660K 142K 1.00 8.60% 75790 5045 0.20 1.33% 7355 0.10 0.51% 2252 0.10 0.44% 1200 48.5 0.10 0.40% 394.5 13.5 0.10 0.34% 152.8 4.45 0.15 0.44% 41.9 1.00 2.30%
2211K 189K 1.00 8.60% 101K 6710 0.20 1.33% 9796 0.10 0.51% 131.5 0.10 0.44% 1598 64.5 0.10 0.40% 525.4 17.95 0.10 0.34% 203.8 5.95 0.15 0.44% 55.6 1.00 2.33%
3685K 315K 1.00 8.50% 168300 11250 0.20 1.33% 16330 0.10 0.51% 0.10 0.44% 2663 0.10 0.40% 875.7 29.95 0.10 0.34% 339.6 9.95 0.15 0.44% 92.7 2.17 1.00 2.30%
4423K 379K 1.00 8.60% 201900 13450 0.20 1.33% 19600 0.10 0.51% 0.10 0.44% 3197 129.5 0.10 0.40% 1051 0.10 0.34% 407.1 11.85 0.15 0.44% 111.6 1.00 2.30%
7371K 630K 1.00 8.60% 336500 22400 0.20 2.66% 32660 1670 0.10 0.51% 0.10 0.44% 5329 0.10 0.40% 1752 0.10 0.34% 678.5 19.75 0.15 0.44% 186.1 1.00 2.30%
3558K 262K 1.00 7.40% 239800 14200 0.40 2.37% 29490 1370 0.46% 402.5 0.10 0.40% 5592 0.10 0.37% 1990 63.5 0.10 0.32% 816.8 22.55 0.30 0.83% 1.00 2.22% 884600 53700 0.20 1.25% 94980 4695 0.10 0.50% 1290 0.10 0.40% 16150 0.10 0.40% 5359 182.5 0.10 0.34% 2069 0.30 0.88 550.2 13.3 1.00 2.35%
14.9 0.25 1.30 2.40%
19.8 0.40 1.30 2.40%
32.9 0.60 1.30 2.40%
39.6 0.70 1.30 2.40%
65.9 1.20 1.30 2.40%
86.5 1.55 1.30 2.40%
186.7 3.65 1.30 2.40%
±0.05°C Interchangeability Tolerance Data
table shows nominal resistance values, ohms degree (sensitivity), tolerances percent, Thermistor Series.
Series 460_
Description Super-Stable Thermistors
first three digits model number specify series thermistor. last digits specify thermistor type. Example: 46046 defines Thermistor.
Thermistor 46043 -80°C 1660K Ohms/° 142K 1.00 8.60% -40°C Ohms/° Ohms/° 25°C Ohms/° 40°C Ohms/° 70°C Ohms/° 100°C Ohms/° 150°C Ohms/° 200°C Ohms/° 75790 5045 0.20 1.33% 7355 0.05 0.26% 2252 0.05 0.22% 1200 48.5 0.05 0.20% 394.5 13.5 0.05 0.17% 152.8 4.45 0.15 0.44% 41.9 1.00 2.30% 14.9 0.25 1.30 2.40%
46040
46044
46047
46046
46041
2211K 189K 1.00 8.60% 101K 6710 0.20 1.33% 9796 0.05 0.26% 131.5 0.05 0.22% 1598 64.5 0.05 0.20% 525.4 17.95 0.05 0.17% 203.8 5.95 0.15 0.44% 55.6 1.00 2.33% 19.8 0.40 1.30 2.40%
3685K 315K 1.00 8.50% 168.3K 11250 0.20 1.33% 16.33K 0.05 0.26% 0.05 0.22% 2663 0.05 0.20% 875.7 29.95 0.05 0.17% 339.6 9.95 0.15 0.44% 92.7 2.17 1.00 2.30% 32.9 0.60 1.30 2.40%
4423K 379K 1.00 8.60% 201.9K 13450 0.20 1.33% 19.6K 1000 0.05 0.26% 0.05 0.22% 3197 129.5 0.05 0.20% 1051 0.05 0.17% 407.1 11.85 0.15 0.44% 111.6 1.00 2.30% 39.6 0.70 1.30 2.40%
7371K 630K 1.00 8.60% 336.5K 22400 0.20 1.33% 32.66K 1670 0.05 0.26% 0.05 0.22% 5329 0.05 0.20% 1752 0.05 0.17% 678.5 19.75 0.15 0.44% 186.1 1.00 2.30% 65.9 1.20 1.30 2.40%
3558K 262K 1.00 7.40% 239.8K 14200 0.40 2.37% 29.49K 1370 0.05 0.23% 402.5 0.05 0.21% 5592 0.05 0.18% 1990 63.5 0.05 0.16% 816.8 22.55 0.30 0.83% 1.00 2.22% 86.5 1.55 1.30 2.40%
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Thermilinear Components
Thermilinear Components ideal applications requiring linear electrical response temperature change. Each Thermilinear Network consists sub-components thermistor component resistor set. benefits linear response are: design electrical circuit measurement active element thermistor component, made from precision thermistors with three leads, epoxy encapsulated, form 44018 44019A sensors; three thermistors with four leads form 44020 sensor. resistor consists precision metal film resistors with 44018 44019A thermistor components, three resistors with 44020 thermistor components.
.150" MAX. Min.
combination thermistor component resistor called Thermilinear Network. example, 44018 thermistor component plus 44301 resistor become 44201 Thermilinear Network. Thermilinear Network used temperature sensor linear voltage versus temperature linear resistance versus temperature. Sensitivity times greater than thermocouple, with outputs high mV/°C. Output voltage applied recorder digital voltmeter will produce precise, sensitive, direct-reading thermometer.
Thermilinear Networks
.095" DIA. MAX.
44018 Thermilinear Component
Min.
Min.
.150" MAX.
.110" DIA. MAX.
44019A Thermilinear Component
.280" MAX.
Min.
.125 DIA. MAX.
44020 Thermilinear Component
.270" REF. .025" DIA. REF. .100" DIA. REF.
understand Thermilinear Network functions, first consider what happens when single thermistor shunted with fixed resistor. shown versus charts, thermistor approximately logarithmic, negative temperature characteristic. make characteristic more nearly linear, rate resistance change must decrease temperature decreases. single shunt resistor will this. this shunt combination supplied with constant current, voltage change across combination will linear with resistance change temperature. These components reconnected with resistor series with thermistor form voltage divider (half bridge) which, when connected across constant voltage source, will yield linear output voltage versus temperature across either resistor thermistor. These circuits, although useful because their simplicity, restricted very narrow temperature ranges, usually 25°C less. range extended, fixed resistor will large high temperature small temperature end. solution more thermistors circuit compensate first linearizing resistor already network.
Thermilinear Lead Color
Thermistor 44018 44019 44020 Brown Brown Green Common Green Green Type
44300 Series Resistor
Blue Brown
General Theory
Resistance Mode Voltage Mode
Eout Positive Slope
Resistance mode operation achieved configuring components shown figures below.
Voltage mode operation achieved configuring components shown figures below.
Eout Negative Slope
44018 44019A Thermistor Network Resistor
44018 44019 Thermistor Network Resistor
Eout Positive Slope
Eout
Negative Slope
44020 Thermistor Network Resistor
44020 Thermistor Network Resistor
Different networks created changing resistor values. Each Thermilinear Network unique resistance versus temperature relationship. This relationship defined formula: Where: total circuit resistance change resistance degree (slope) temperature degrees resistance offset intercept) slope intercept values standard networks following pages. Non-standard range values Technical Information Section. Variation from this calculated value actual thermistor network values defined linearity deviation. lower linearity deviation, more closely actual network values track calculated values.
Since each network unique resistance versus temperature relationship, follows that each will have different sensitivity voltage mode. This relationship defined Eout (mEin) (bEin) Where: Eout voltage output voltage change degree (slope) input voltage temperature degrees voltage volt offset intercept) values these slope intercept values same pages resistance mode values. these equations circuit development Technical Information Section.
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Thermilinear Component Specifications
Component 44018 Maximum Operating Temperature 105°C (220°F) Accuracy Interchangeability ±0.15°C
Thermilinear Network Specifications
Networks Using 44018 44201 44018 6,000 25°C 30,000 25°C 44301 3200 6250 Linear Range +100°C Resistance Mode (-17.115) 2768.23 Positive Mode Eout (+0.0053483 Ein) 0.13493 Resistor Error ±0.14°C 0°C, ±0.03°C +100°C 44202 44018 6,000 25°C 30,000 25°C 44302 5700 12,000 Linear Range +45°C Resistance Mode (-32.402) 4593.39 Positive Mode Eout (+0.0056846 Ein) 0.194142 Resistor Error ±0.12°C -5°C, ±0.07°C +45°C 44203 44018 6,000 25°C 30,000 25°C 44303 18,700 35,250 Linear Range +50°C Resistance Mode (-127.096) 12175 Positive Mode Eout (+0.0067966 Ein) 0.34893 Resistor Error ±0.12°C -30°C, ±0.02°C +50°C 44204 44018 6,000 25°C 30,000 25°C 44304 5,700 12,400 Linear Range +38°C Resistance Mode (-32.1012) 4603.11 Positive Mode Eout (+0.00563179 Ein) 0.192437 Resistor Error ±0.13°C -2°C, ±0.08°C +38°C Negative Mode Eout (-0.00563179 Ein) 0.807563 Linearity Deviation ±0.03°C Negative Mode Eout (-0.0067966 Ein) 0.65107 Linearity Deviation ±0.16°C Negative Mode Eout (-0.0056846 Ein) 0.805858 Linearity Deviation ±0.065°C Negative Mode Eout (-0.0053483 Ein) 0.86507 Linearity Deviation ±0.216°C
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Thermilinear Component Specifications
Component 44019A 44020 Maximum Operating Temperature 85°C (185°F) 55°C (131°F) Accuracy Interchangeability ±0.4°C 85°C), ±0.8°C -55°C) ±0.1°C
Thermilinear Network Specifications
Network Using 44019A 44211A 44019A 1,000 25°C 10,000 25°C 44311A 3550 6025 Linear Range +85°C Resistance Mode (-17.99) 2339 Positive Mode Eout (+0.005068 Ein) 0.3411 EinMax Resistor Error ±0.18°C -55°C, ±0.02°C +85°C Network Using 44020 44212 44020 2,000 25°C 15,000 25°C 45,000 25°C 44312 23,100 88,200 38,000 Linear Range +50°C Resistance Mode (-129.163) 13698.23 Positive Mode Eout (+0.00559149 Ein) 0.40700 EinMax Resistor Error ±0.15°C -50°C, ±0.03°C +50°C Negative Mode Eout (-0.00559149 Ein) 0.59300 Linearity Deviation ±0.09°C Negative Mode Eout (-0.005068 Ein) 0.6589 Linearity Deviation ±1.1°C
Thermilinear Definitions
Thermilinear Component 44018, 44019A 44020 thermistor. Resistor 44301, 44302, 44303, 44304, 44311A 44312 resistor sets consist resistors 44312) used with Thermilinear component create Thermilinear Network. Thermilinear Network Thermilinear component corresponding resistor set. Linear Range Temperature range over which linearity deviation applies. Linearity Deviation Deviation, degrees, between actual network values calculated straight line. This stated worst case; actual deviation roughly sinosoidal about calculated nominal. Resistance Mode Formula calculating
Negative Mode Formula calculating voltage across thermistor/resistor parallel network (bottom bridge). Positive Mode Formula calculating voltage across (top bridge). Values below which thermistors exhibit minimal self heating; determined using 8mW/°C dissipation. values exceeded times without damaging probe. Load Resistance Minimum, minimum recommended resistive impedance. Lower values adversely affect linearity other performance characteristics network. Resistor Error Possible circuit error degrees induced ±0.1% fixed resistors.
44018 Thermilinear Composite
Maximum Operating Temperature: 105°C (220°F) Accuracy Interchangeability: ±0.15°C when incorporated standard Thermilinear Network. Time Constant, Maximum: well-stirred oil, still air. Time constant time required thermistor indicate newly impressed temperature. Dissipation Constant, Minimum: 1mW/°C still air, well stirred oil. Dissipation constant power milliwatts required raise thermistor above surrounding temperature. Color Code: Brown epoxy body, gray end. Storage Temperature: +105°C (-112 +221°F). Resistance versus Temperature: +100°C
Resistance versus Temperature Data
Temp Res. Ohms 106.2K 99.82K 93.88K 88.32K 83.12K 78.26K 73.72K 69.46K 65.48K 61.74K 58.26K 54.98K 51.90K 49.02K 46.32K 43.78K 41.40K 39.16K 37.04K 35.06K 33.20K 31.49K 29.80K 28.24K 26.78K 25.45K 24.10K 22.88K 21.72K 20.62K 19.59K 18.62K 17.70K 16.83K 16.01K 15.24K 14.50K 13.81K 13.15K 12.53K Res. Ohms 481.0K 453.5K 427.7K 403.5K 380.9K 359.6K 339.6K 320.9K 303.3K 286.7K 271.2K 256.5K 242.8K 229.8K 217.6K 206.2K 195.4K 185.2K 175.6K 166.6K 158.0K 150.0K 142.4K 135.2K 128.5K 122.1K 116.0K 110.3K 104.9K 99.80K 94.98K 90.41K 86.09K 81.99K 78.11K 74.44K 70.96K 67.66K 64.53K 61.56K Temp Res. Ohms 11.94K 11.38K 10.85K 10.35K 9878 9428 9000 8594 8210 7844 7496 7166 6852 6554 6270 6000 5744 5500 5266 5046 4834 4634 4442 4260 4084 3918 3760 3610 3466 3328 3196 3070 2950 2836 2726 2620 2520 2424 2334 2246 Res. Ohms 58.75K 56.07K 53.54K 51.13K 48.84K 46.67K 44.60K 42.64K 40.77K 38.99K 37.30K 35.70K 34.17K 32.71K 31.32K 30.00K 28.74K 27.54K 26.40K 25.31K 24.27K 23.28K 22.33K 21.43K 20.57K 19.74K 18.96K 18.21K 17.49K 16.80K 16.15K 15.52K 14.92K 14.35K 13.80K 13.28K 12.77K 12.29K 11.83K 11.39K Temp Res. Ohms 2162 2080 2004 1930 1859 1792 1727 1664 1605 1547 1493 1440 1389 1341 1294 1249 1207 1165 1126 1087 1051 1016 981.8 949.4 918.0 888.0 859.0 831.2 804.4 773.6 753.8 729.8 706.8 684.4 663.0 642.4 622.6 603.4 584.4 567.0 Res. Ohms 10.97K 10.57K 10.18K 9807 9450 9109 8781 8467 8166 7876 7599 7332 7076 6830 6594 6367 6149 5940 5738 5545 5359 5180 5007 4842 4682 4529 4381 4239 4102 3970 3843 3720 3602 3489 3379 3273 3172 3073 2979 2887 Temp Res. Ohms 549.8 533.2 517.2 501.8 486.8 472.4 458.6 445.2 432.2 419.6 407.6 Res. Ohms 2799 2714 2632 2552 2476 2402 2331 2262 2195 2131 2069
44019A Thermilinear Composite
Maximum Operating Temperature: 85°C (185°F). recommended long-term continuous above 50°C (122°F). Accuracy Interchangeability: ±0.4°C 85°C); ±0°C 55°C) when incorporated Thermilinear Network. Time Constant Maximum: well-stirred oil, still air. Time constant time required thermistor indicate newly impressed temperature. Dissipation Constant, Mimimum: mW/°C well-stirred oil, mW/°C still air. Dissipation constant power milliwatts raise thermistor above surrounding temperature. Color Code: Brown epoxy body, white end. Storage Temperature: +50°C (-112 +122°F). Resistance versus Temperature: +85°C
Resistance versus Temperature Data
Temp Res. Ohms Res. Ohms Temp Res. Ohms 6815 6489 6180 5887 5611 5349 5101 4866 4643 4432 4232 4042 3862 3691 3529 3374 3228 3088 2956 2830 2710 2596 2487 2384 2286 2192 2102 2017 1936 1859 1785 1714 1674 1582 1521 1462 1406 1353 1302 1253 Res. Ohms 78.91K 74.91K 71.13K 67.57K 61.02K 58.01K 55.17K 52.48K 49.94K 47.54K 45.27K 43.11K 41.07K 39.14K 37.31K 35.57K 33.93K 32.37K 30.89K 29.49K 28.15K 26.89K 25.69K 24.55K 23.46K 22.43K 21.45K 20.52K 19.63K 19.79K 17.98K 17.55K 16.49K 15.79K 15.13K 14.50K 13.90K 13.33K 12.79K Temp Res. Ohms 1206 1161 1118 1077 1038 1000 963.9 929.4 896.3 864.5 834.0 804.8 776.8 749.9 724.1 699.4 675.6 652.7 630.8 609.7 589.5 570.0 551.2 533.2 515.9 499.2 483.2 467.8 452.9 438.6 424.8 411.6 398.8 386.5 374.7 363.2 352.2 341.6 331.3 321.5 Res. Ohms 12.26K 11.77K 11.29K 10.84K 10.41K 10000 9605 9227 8867 8523 8194 7880 7569 7291 7016 6752 6500 6258 6026 5805 5592 5389 5193 5006 4827 4655 4489 4331 4179 4033 3893 3758 3629 3504 3385 3270 3160 3054 2952 2854 Temp Res. Ohms 311.9 302.7 293.9 285.3 277.0 269.0 261.3 253.9 246.7 239.7 233.0 226.5 220.2 214.1 208.3 202.6 197.1 191.8 186.7 181.7 176.9 172.2 167.7 163.3 159.1 154.9 Res. Ohms 2760 2669 2582 2487 2417 2339 2264 2191 2122 2055 1990 1928 1868 1810 1754 1700 1648 1598 1549 1503 1458 1414 1372 1332 1293 1255
48.32K 45.36K 42.60K 40.03K 37.63K 35.39K 33.30K 31.35K 29.52K 27.81K 26.22K 24.72K 23.32K 22.01K 20.79K 19.64K 18.56K 17.54K 16.59K 15.70K 14.86K 14.07K 13.30K 12.63K 11.97K 11.35K 10.77K 10.22K 9705 9218 8758 8323 7914 7527 7161
607.8K 569.6K 534.1K 501.0K 470.1K 441.3K 414.5K 389.4K 366.0K 344.1K 232.7K 304.6K 286.7K 270.0K 254.4K 239.8K 226.0K 213.2K 201.1K 189.8K 179.2K 169.3K 160.0K 151.2K 143.0K 135.2K 127.9K 121.1K 114.6K 108.6K 102.9K 97.49K 92.43K 87.66K 83.16K
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44020 Thermilinear Composite
Maximum Operating Temperature: 55°C (131°F) Accuracy Interchangeability: ±0.1°C when incorporated Thermilinear Network. Time Constant, Maximum: well-stirred oil, still air. Time constant time required thermistor indicate newly impressed temperature. Dissipation Constant, Minimum: mW/°C well-stirred oil, still air. Dissipation constant power milliwatts raise thermistor above surrounding temperature. Color Code: epoxy body, black end. Storage Temperature: +120°C (-112 +250°C). Resistance versus Temperature: +50°C.
Resistance versus Temperature Data
Temp Res. Ohms 134.1K 124.9K 116.4K 108.5K 101.2K 94.41K 88.14K 82.33K 76.94K 71.93K 67.29K 62.97K 58.96K 55.22K 51.75K 48.52K 45.51K 42.71K 40.09K 37.65K 35.38K 33.25K 31.27K 29.42K 27.69K 26.07K 24.56K 23.14K 21.81K 20.57K 19.41K 18.31K 17.29K 16.33K 15.43K 14.58K 13.79K 13.04K 12.34K 11.68K Res. Ohms 662.1K 621.8K 584.2K 549.1K 516.3K 485.7K 457.0K 430.2K 405. 381.7K 359.7K 339.2K 319.9K 301.8K 284.9K 269.0K 254.0K 240.0K 226.9K 214.5K 202.9K 192.0K 181.7K 172.0K 162.9K 154.4K 146.3K 138.7K 131.5K 124.8K 118.4K 112.4K 106.7K 101.4K 96.34K 91.56K 87.05K 92.79K 78.76K 74.94K Res. Ohms 2540K 2376K 2223K 2081K 1949K 1826K 1712K 1605K 1506K 1413K 1327K 1246K 1171K 1101K 1035K 973.7K 916.3K 862.6K 812.3K 765.3K 721.2K 698.0K 641.3K 605.0K 571.0K 539.1K 509.2K 481.1K 454.7K 429.9K 406.5K 384.6K 364.0K 344.6K 326.3K 309.1K 292.9K 277.7K 263.3K 249.8K Temp Res. Ohms 11.06K 10.48K 9928 9410 8922 8463 8029 7621 7236 6873 6529 6205 5899 5610 5337 5078 4834 4603 4384 4177 3980 3794 3618 3451 3293 3143 3000 2865 3000 2865 2736 2614 Res. Ohms 71.34K 67.92K 64.69K 61.63K 58.73K 55.98K 53.38K 50.91K 48.57K 46.35K 44.24K 42.24K 40.34K 38.54K 36.82K 35.20K 33.65K 32.18K 30.78K 29.45K 28.18K 26.98K 25.83K 24.73K 23.70K 22.71K 21.76K 20.86K 21.76K 20.86K 20.00K 19.18K Res. Ohms 237.0K 224.9K 213.5K 202.8K 192.6K 183.1K 174.0K 165.4K 157.4K 149.7K 142.5K 135.5K 129.1K 123.0K 117.2K 111.7K 106.4K 101.5K 96.79K 92.34K 88.12K 84.11K 80.30K 76.69K 73.26K 69.99K 33.90K 63.95K 66.90K 63.95K 61.15K 58.49K Temp Res. Ohms 2499 2389 2284 2185 20.90 2000 1915 1833 1756 1682 1611 1544 1480 1420 1362 1306 1253 1203 1155 1109 1065 1023 983.1 944.9 908.3 873.4 839.9 808.0 777.4 748.1 720.1 Res. Ohms 18.40K 17.66K 16.95K 16.27K 15.62K 15.00K 14.41K 13.84K 13.30K 12.79K 12.30K 11.82K 11.37K 10.94K 10.53K 10.13K 9752 9390 9042 8710 8391 8085 7792 7511 7242 6984 6736 6498 6270 6051 5840 Res. Ohms 55.95K 53.54K 51.25K 49.06K 46.98K 45.00K 43.11K 41.31K 39.60K 37.96K 36.40K 34.91K 33.50K 32.14K 30.85K 29.61K 28.43K 27.31K 26.23K 25.20K 24.22K 23.28K 22.38K 21.52K 20.70K 19.91K 19.16K 18.44K 17.75K 17.09K 16.45K
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SECTION
Special Services
Facilities Custom Specifications Thermistor Calibration 9001 Certification Platinum Calibration Standard Platinum Resistance Thermometers
Gold Freezes (1064.18°C)
Silver Freezes (961.78°C)
Aluminum Freezes (660.323°C)
Zinc Freezes (419.527°C)
Freezes (231.968°C) Indium Freezes (156.5985°C) SPRT Range -200 +500°C
Gallium Melts (29.7646°C) Water Triple Point (0.01°C) Mercury Triple Point (-38.8344°C)
Argon Triple Point (-189.3442°C) Triple Point(-259.3467°C) Absolute Zero (-273.15°C)
ITS-90 Scale
Special Services
Facilities Platinum Calibration
have facilities qualify thermistors meet NASA specification GSFC S-311-P-18. also perform tests defined R-23648. resistance temperature measurement capabilities determine resistance thermistors from +125°C. Resolution normally least part 10,000 zero power resistance measurement. temperature measurements traceable National Institute Standards Technology (NIST).
Custom Specifications
will calibrate platinum RTDs based ITS-90. calibrations traceable NIST. furnish certificate calibration certificate traceability with every calibrate. Standard calibration temperatures -40, +25, +40, +70, +100 +125°C. also calibrate your reference point ITS-90 between -189 +420°C.
Standard Platinum Resistance Thermometers
Many leading aerospace companies have developed their specifications qualifying, screening using thermistors high-reliability applications. welcome your inquiry special measurement points screening tests that capabilities, whether listed PRF-23648, GSFC-311-P-18 your requirements.
Thermistor Calibration
These traditional Standard Platinum Resistance Thermometers (SPRTs) world's working standard temperature. have been building them since 1981 from Leeds Northrup design.
will calibrate thermistors thermistor probes based ITS-90. calibrations traceable NIST derived from accepted values physical constants. furnish certificate calibration certificate traceability with every thermistor calibrate. calibrate thermistor reference probes NIST traceable constant temperature baths with fixed points. Standard calibration temperatures -40, +25, +40, +70, +100 +125°C.
9001 Certification
Made from carefully wound helixes referencegrade platinum, these thermometers highly stable over long periods measure from -200 +500°C. Resistance about 25.5 ohms 0°C. will calibrate SPRT good condition manufactured YSI. often repair broken thermometers well.
received 9001 quality standard registration. 9001 standard includes quality management quality assurance most comprehensive standard series developed International Organization Standardization (ISO) Geneva.
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SECTION
Configure-to-Order Thermistor Probes
Round Epoxy Probe Round Probe Deepwater Probe
Epoxy Probe Acrylic Coated Probe
Banjo Surface Probe
Surface Probe Small Surface Probe Thermistor with Leads Probe
Thermistor Teflon Probe
Attachable Surface Probe
Radial Lead Thermistor Spade Probe 1/8" Tubular Probe 3/8" Tubular Probe 1/4" Tubular Probe 1/8" Hermetic Tubular Probe 3/16" Hermetic Tubular Probe 1/4" Hermetic Tubular Probe
Flag Probe
Pyrex Probe
8-32 Brass Screw Probe 10-32 Brass Screw Probe 8-32 Stainless Steel Probe 10-32 Stainless Steel Probe
1/4" Pointed Tubular Probe with Handle
1/8" Brass Pipe Plug Probe Bird Cage Probe
Probe Compression Fitting
1/8" Tubular Probe with Fitting 3/16" Tubular Probe with Fitting 1/4" Tubular Probe with Fitting
Waterproof Airway Probe 1/8" Stainless Steel Plug Probe Underwater Probe
About Configure-to-Order Probes
Configure-to-Order probes offer flexibility custom design price standard parts. Match Precision Interchangeable Thermistor with cable sheath options create custom probe your temperature measurement application. following pages detail materials use, time constants explain construct probe meet your requirements.
Operating Temperatures
Glass-The glass probe Pyrex. melted form hermetic seal. Teflon-We Teflon 015. Aluminum-We 2024 probe. Brass-Screws fittings ASB16 ASB453. Options Compression Fitting-A compression fitting sized tubular probe. Available 1/8, 1/4, threads. Specify thread size. FEP-Sealed Teflon tubing over stainless steel sheath protect from caustic materials. compatible with compression fitting option. Terminations
plan your probe above 100°C, must select options that withstand higher temperatures. Probes with glass thermistors, stainless steel sheaths Teflon cable rated 200°C.
Thermistor Components
Choose thermistors from Section design probes thermistor. 44000 Series Thermistors Cost-effective ±0.2°C ±0.1°C interchangeability 44000 Series Thermilinear Components Linear outputs 45000 Series Thermistors Stable High operating temperature 46000 Series Thermistors Unsurpassed long-term stability ±0.2°C ±0.05°C interchangeability 55000 Series Thermistors cost hermetic 200°C
Probe Materials
Stripped Tinned Leads (ST)
Spade Lugs (SP)
Phone Plug (PH)
Termination Table
probe styles using multiple thermistors
Conductors Wht/Red Example
Epoxy-We match epoxies design requirements. Stainless Steel-316SS. Tubular probes have rolled ends uniform wall thickness throughout, hermetic tips medical grade polished finish.
Phone Plug Termination
Barrel Barrel Ring
44001-44015
44018,44019
Cable Lead Styles
Type Description Round Round Temperature Range +105°C +105°C +105°C +200°C +200°C +60°C +60°C +105°C +105°C +200°C +150°C Color Gauge Available 28AWG Conductor/Shield Typical Outer Diameter 1-wire 2-wire stranded/stranded/foil stranded/stranded/braid 0.100" 01.05" 0.120" 0.300" 0.295" 3-wire 0.147" 0.160" 0.115" 0.125" 0.126" 0.330" 0.340" 4-wire 0.170" 0.180" 0.135" 0.125" 0.136" 0.355" 0.340"
Round Round Teflon Round Teflon Round Neoprene Round Neoprene Flat Flat Flat Teflon Individual Tefzel®
.035" .082" .035" .082".058" .115" .044" .150" .032" .80" .032" .125"
0.028" 0.034" 0.057" 0.028" 0.027" 0.036" 0.021" 0.008" 0.008" 0.008"
Individual +105°C Individual +80°C Individual +105°C Individual +200°C Teflon Individual +200°C Teflon Individual +200°C Teflon Individual +180°C varnish-insulated Individual tinned copper Individual Dumet
Note: Lead length tolerance +10%
more information, contact 747-5367 427-1640 Info@YSI.com www.YSI.com
Order Configure-to-Order Probes
easily configure your probe from many thermistor, sheath cable options. We've created example below yourself. Choose probe style that matches your application. Turn page this section that lists options that style. example, we've chosen 032. Select thermistor that best suits your need from choices probe page. Select probe (sheath) length (L1) inches. Select cable lead type match your requirements.
.250"
you're using individual leads, color coding important, enter those colors here. Non-Thermilinear parts supplied with black individual leads. Select length cable (L2) inches. Indicate cable termination: Choose option required; options (Teflon sheath) and/or Compression Fitting (Specify thread).
Thermistor From Component Section
Probe Style Thermistor
Cable Style
Lead Style Color Selection Option
Cable Length
Lead Length Length inches Termination
Compression Fitting
Options Fitting 1/8", 1/4", 1/2"
Probe Length Length inches
Sherth LengthIn Inches
Colors?
Cable Termination
Build Probes
more information, contact 747-5367 427-1640 Info@YSI.com www.YSI.com
don't find Configure-to-Order probe that suits your application, design probes specifically your application.
Round Epoxy Probe
probe provides good ruggedness, flexibility response time. Epoxy encapsulation provides high compression strength cable provides abrasion protection. This design excellent pot-in-place applications such analytical instruments supplying temperature data test subjects compensation. This probe designed long immersion; instead. Typical Time Constant: seconds Temperature Range: 105°C
Round Probe
probe combines ruggedness, flexibility short response time. vinyl plastisol encapsulation protects against mechanical shock. cable construction provides abrasion protection. Since thermistor cable constructed from same material, seal good cable. This design excellent applications such environmental temperatures supplying temperature data test subjects compensation. This design will tolerate many days immersion without internal water shunts. Typical Time Constant: seconds Temperature Range: 105°C
.30"
.20"
Probe Style
Thermistor
Probe Length Length inches
Lead Style
Lead Length Length inches
Termination
Lead Style
ilin
Thermistor
Lead Length
Termination
Round Round Shielded Round Miniature Round Teflon Round Shielded Teflon Round Neoprene Round Shielded Neoprene Flat Flat Teflon Individual Individual Large Individual Miniature
1200" 1200" 1200" 120" 120" 120"
Epoxy Probe
probe similar probe. offers parallel leads faster response time. shape allows inserted areas which integral part sample environment. This style permits more accurate measurements surfaces than style because lead placed contact with surface more effectively. Since primary thermal transfer path through conductor (lead), it's important have several inches lead sample temperature. glass thermistors with cable longterm immersion planned. Typical Time Constant: seconds Temperature Range: Thermistor cable dependent
Acrylic Coated Probe
probe low-cost probe assembly using ultraviolet curable acrylic coating material. cost achieved through automation thermistor coating process. acrylic material good moisture resistance, which allows probe used high humidity environments shortterm immersion. HDPE (high-density polyethelene) cable acrylic material have been tested biocompatibility resistant gamma radiation sterilization. This appropriate medical applications where moderate temperature range biocompatibility required. Typical Time Constant: seconds Temperature Range: 105°C
.30"
.20"
Probe Style
Thermistor
Probe Length Length inches
Lead Style
Lead Length Length inches
Termination
Lead Style
ilin
Thermistor
Lead Length
Termination
Flat Flat Teflon Flat Flat
120" 120" 120"
Thermistor with Leads Probe
.30" 2.00"
.125"
Glass-Encapsulated Thermistor
.30"
probe constructed with individual leads flexibility use. with sensor with leads, stem artifact must recognized. advantage probe ability control placement insulation leads maximize response time reduce stem effect. This design lets create stem effect, fast time constant small volume sensor. probes generally lowest cost used frequently instrumentation. Typical Time Constant: seconds Temperature Range: Thermistor cable dependent
.20"
Epoxy-Encapsulated Thermistor
Probe Style
Thermistor
Probe Length Length inches
Lead Style
Color Selection Option
Lead Length Length inches
Termination
Lead Style
ilin
Thermistor
Lead Length
Termination
Individual Individual Miniature Individual Teflon Individual Miniature Teflon Individual Varnish-Insulated Individual Tinned Copper Individual Dumet Individual Tefzel Individual Large Teflon Individual Large
0.5" 0.5" 0.5"
Lead Colors Available Black: Green: Brown: Blue: Red: Violet: Orange: Gray: Yellow: White:
more information, contact 747-5367 427-1640 Info@YSI.com www.YSI.com
Thermistor Teflon Probe
probe's design allows resist attack from almost chemicals industrial environment. exceptions hydrofluoric acid, alkaline metals other compounds. While Teflon highly water-vapor-permeable, it's extremely resistant attack ionized compounds. specific heat Teflon quite high, making poor choice temperature measurement. frequent application probe temperature measurement control plating baths. When mounting probe chemically active environment, prevent splashing into back tube. Typical Time Constant: seconds Temperature Range: Thermistor cable dependent
Lead Style Color Selection Option Lead Length Length inches Termination
Probe Style
Thermistor
Probe Length Length inches
Lead Style
ilin
Thermistor
Lead Length
Termination
Individual Individual Miniature Individual Teflon Individual Miniature Teflon Individual Varnish-Insulated Individual Tinned Copper Individual Tefzel
0.5" 0.5"
Radial Leaded Thermistor
0.375±.005 length
0.187±.005
Plastic Encapsulation Shell
lead wire (2ea.)
Radial Leaded Thermistor been designed allow automatic lead forming/ insertion equipment. This style allows non-Thermilinear thermistor. thermistor potted into 0.187"diameter, 0.375" long cylindrical potting cup. Leads silver plated copper, long. This component excellent choice on-board temperature compensation, other board application. Typical Time Constant: seconds Temperature Range: 120°C
Probe Style
Thermistor
Probe Length Length inches
Lead Style
Color Selection Option
Lead Length Length inches
Termination
Lead Style
ilin
Thermistor
Lead Length
Termination
Individual Tinned Copper
more information, contact 747-5367 427-1640 Info@YSI.com www.YSI.com
1/8" Tubular Probe
Cable Adapter .75"
.125"
.25"
tubular probe 1/8" diameter stainless steel assembly. primary application measurement control sensing environments. Internal construction reduces stem effect errors increasing thermal path thermistor. Immersion depths will significantly affect measurement accuracy. establish appropriate immersion depth, follow instructions Technical Information Section. optional compression fitting simplifies insertion process flow. Typical Time Constant: seconds Temperature Range: Thermistor cable dependent
.125"
Probe Style
Thermistor
Probe Length Length inches 1/2"
Lead Style
Color Selection Option
Lead Length Length inches
Termination
Options
Fitting 1/8", 1/4", 1/2"
Lead Style
Thermistor
Lead Length
Termination
Round Round Shielded Round Miniature Round Teflon Round Shielded Teflon Individual Individual Large Individual Miniature Individual Teflon Individual Large Teflon Individual Miniature Teflon Individual Tefzel Individual Varnish-Insulated
more information, Individual 747-5367 contact usTinned Copper Individual Dumet 767-9353 Info@YSI.com www.YSI.com
ilin
1200" 1200" 1200" 1200" 1200"
Lead Colors Available Black: Green: Brown: Blue: Red: Violet: Orange: Gray: Yellow: White:
3/16" Tubular Probe
Tubular Probe
tubular probes 3/16" 1/4" diameter stainless steel assemblies. Their primary application measurement control sensing environments. Internal construction reduces stem effect errors increasing thermal path thermistor. Immersion depths will significantly affect measurement accuracy. establish appropriate immersion depth, follow instructions Technical Information Section. optional compression fitting simplifies insertion process flow.
Typical Time Constant: seconds Temperature Range: Thermistor cable dependent
Typical Time Constant: seconds Temperature Range: Thermistor cable dependent
.188" .250"
Probe Style
Thermistor
Probe Length Length inches 1/2"
Lead Style
Lead Style
Color Selection Option
Lead Length Length inches
Termination
Options
Fitting 1/8", 1/4", 1/2"
Termination
Thermistor
ilin
Lead Length
Round Round Miniature Round Teflon Round Shielded Teflon Individual Individual Large Individual Miniature Individual Teflon Individual Large Teflon Individual Miniature Teflon Individual Tefzel
only
1200" 1200" 1200" 1200"
Lead ColorsAvailable Black: Green: Brown: Blue: Red: Violet: Orange: Gray: Yellow: White:
1/8" Hermetic Tubular Probe
1.75"
.125"
.27"
more information, contact 747-5367 427-1640 Info@YSI.com www.YSI.com
probe same properties with notable exception being hermetically sealed. hermetic seal prevents condensation water sensor leads eliminates electrical shunt error. transfer rate water vapor function differential vapor pressure. 100% condensing vapor pressure 4.58 20°C vapor pressure 8.77 differential pressure 4.19 This approximately PSIG, which significant over time. Multiple cycle life studies (ask document TD001) demonstrate value this probe style stability long-term cooling fluid systems. Compression fitting adaptability enhances probe's versatility. Typical Time Constant: seconds Temperature Range: Thermistor cable dependent
Lead Style Color Selection Option Lead Length Length inches Termination Fitting 1/8", 1/4", 1/2" Options
Probe Style
Thermistor
Probe Length Length inches
Lead Style
Thermistor
ilin
Lead Length
Termination
Round Round Shielded Round Miniature Round Teflon Round Shielded Teflon Individual Individual Large Individual Miniature Individual Teflon Individual Large Teflon Individual Miniature Teflon Individual Tefzel
1200" 1200" 1200" 1200" 1200"
Lead Colors Available Black: Green: Brown: Blue: Red: Violet: Orange: Gray: Yellow: White:
Hermetic Tubular Probe
1/4" Hermetic Tubular Probe
hermetically sealed, which prevents condensation sensor leads eliminates electrical shunt error. transfer rate water vapor function differential vapor pressure. 100% condensing vapor pressure 4.58 20°C pressure 8.77 differential pressure 4.19 This approximately PSIG, which significant over time. Multiple cycle life studies (ask document TD001) demonstrate value this probe stability long-term cooling fluid applications. Compression fitting adaptability enhances probe's versatility. Typical Time Constant: seconds Temperature Range: Thermistor cable dependent Typical Time Constant: seconds Temperature Range: Thermistor cable dependent
1.75"
1.38"
.188"
.27"
.250"
.27"
Probe Style
Thermistor
Probe Length Length inches
Lead Style
Lead Style
Color Selection Option
Lead Length Length inches
Termination
Options
Compression Fitting 1/8", 1/4", 1/2"
Termination
Thermistor
ilin
Lead Length
Round Round Shielded Round Miniature Round Teflon Round Shielded Teflon Individual Individual Large Individual Miniature Individual Teflon Individual Large Teflon Individual Miniature Teflon Individual Tefzel
only
1200" 1200" 1200" 1200" 1200"
Lead Colors Available Black: Green: Brown: Blue: Red: Violet: Orange: Gray: Yellow: White:
Pyrex Probe
Pyrex-sheathed probe designed primarily applications chemistry. This glass probe frequently used measurement control temperatures glass reactor systems. Pyrex limited solubility reaction hydrofluoric acid strong bases. EPA-type applications, sample-tosample carryover must prevented. immersion depth have major effect accuracy repeatability. Refer Technical Information Section guidelines minimize stem effect error. Pyrex fragile. compression fittings feasible they require Teflon ferrules (not available from YSI). recommend stainless steel tubular probes (YSI 030-035), where practical. Typical Time Constant: seconds Temperature Range: Thermistor cable dependent
Lead Style Color Selection Option Lead Length Length inches Termination
.25" 1.19"
.14"
.20"
.25"
Probe Style
Thermistor
Probe Length Length inches
Lead Style
ilin
Thermistor
Lead Length
Termination
Round Round Shielded Round Miniature Round Teflon Round Shielded Teflon Individual Individual Large Individual Miniature Individual Teflon Individual Large Teflon Individual Miniature Teflon Individual Tefzel
1200" 1200" 1200" 1200" 1200"
Colors Available Black: Green: Brown: Blue: Red: Violet: Orange: Gray: Yellow: White:
1/4" Pointed Tubular Probe with Handle
120"
.250" .375"
4.00
style probe specially designed measurement internal temperature various materials. pointed handle insertion. detachable cable offers easy replacement high wear situations. Although cable attachment point waterproof, probe widely used streambed temperature measurement other environmental applications. Measurement meat temperature another common use. Typical Time Constant: seconds Temperature Range: 105°C cable exit
Probe Style
Thermistor
Probe Length Length inches
Lead Style
Color Selection Option
Lead Length Length inches
Termination
Lead Style
ilin
Thermistor
Lead Length
Termination
Round Shielded
120"
120"
more information, contact 747-5367 427-1640 Info@YSI.com www.YSI.com
Bird Cage Probe
probe designed measure temperature streams. fastest response time standard protected probe. Typical applications include incubator lowtemperature drying systems. While thermistor sealed with insulating epoxy, seal useful aqueous solutions should immersed. exposure abrasive environments, either 052. While sensor shielded from radiant energy, cage reradiate energy thermistor exposed direct sunlight bias measurement. Typical Time Constant: seconds Temperature Range: Thermistor cable dependent
Lead Style Color Selection Option Lead Length Length inches
Thermistor
ilin
1.875"
.50"
.25"
Probe Style
Thermistor
Probe Length Length inches
Termination
Lead Style
Lead Length
Termination
Round Round Shielded Round Miniature Round Teflon Round Shielded Teflon Individual Individual Large Individual Miniature Individual Teflon Individual Large Teflon Individual Miniature Teflon Individual Tefzel
more information, contact 747-5367 767-9353 Info@YSI.com www.YSI.com
1200" 1200" 1200" 1200" 1200"
Lead Colors Available Black: Green: Brown: Blue: Red: Violet: Orange: Gray: Yellow: White:
Probe Compression Fitting
probe designed measure temperature pipes lines. fastest response time standard probe that will pass through compression fitting. While thermistor sealed with insulating epoxy, seal useful aqueous solutions should immersed. exposure abrasive environments, either 052. While sensor shielded from radiant energy, cage reradiate energy thermistor exposed direct sunlight bias measurement. Typical Time Constant: seconds Temperature Range: Thermistor cable dependent
2.0"
Waterproof Airway Probe
probe completely enclosed temperature probe. primary benefit pressureresistant construction with fast response time. Applications include measurement wet, abrasive pressurized streams. also used measure temperature fluidized baths. been used measure float transport powdered coal, plastic freeze dried foods. Stem effect reduce accuracy repeatability; Technical Information Section guidelines minimizing stem effect error. Typical Time Constant: seconds Temperature Range: Thermistor cable dependent
2.5"
.250"
.250"
Probe Style
Thermistor
Probe Length Length inches
Lead Style
Lead Style
Color Selection Option
Lead Length Length inches
Termination
Options
Compression Fitting 1/8", 1/4", 1/2"
Termination
Thermistor
Lead Length
ilin
Round Round Shielded Round Miniature Round Teflon Round Shielded Teflon Individual Individual Large Individual Miniature Individual Teflon Individual Large Teflon Individual Miniature Teflon Individual Tefzel
1200" 1200" 1200" 1200" 1200"
Lead Colors Available Black: Green: Brown: Blue: Red: Violet: Orange: Gray: Yellow: White:
Underwater Probe
probe designed long-term burial soil, concrete other high-wetness environments. This provides high-integrity seal well mechanical protection thermistor itself. best long-term performance recommend glass-encapsulated thermistors (YSI 45000, 46000, 55000). While designed deepwater immersion, frequently used measure temperature bogs, wetlands wells. withstand pounding punishment burial interstate roadways airport runways. It's potted urethane polyvinyl cap. Typical Time Constant: 15.0 seconds Temperature Range: 60°C
Deepwater Probe
probe designed long-term immersion considerable depth. stainless/ neoprene vulcanized seal with molded external splice protector. This assembly method provides high-integrity seal well mechanical protection leads thermistor. best long-term performance recommend glass-encapsulated thermistors (YSI 45000, 46000, 55000). It's designed deepwater immersion frequently used measure temperature deepwater reservoirs, wetlands wells. Multiple-year immersion 2,000 feet feasible. Several such installations place thermal gradient power generation tests. withstand forces pier mounting high-wave environments. Typical Time Constant: seconds Temperature Range: 60°C
1.50"
3.00"
.50"
.250"
.56"
Probe Style
Thermistor
Probe Length Length inches
Lead Style
Lead Length Length inches
Thermistor
Termination
Lead Style
Lead Length
Termination
ilin
Round Neoprene Round Shielded Neoprene
2000" 2000"
Banjo Surface Probe
probe designed handheld surface temperature applications. design provides fast response minimal stem effect error, while providing electrically isolated thermistor. Since large capture area small mass, it's also useful sampling measurement streams. flat surface sensors require best contact feasible while protecting noncontacting surface from high levels radiant energy. This accomplished placing reflective surface between sensor source. Typical Time Constant: seconds Temperature Range: Thermistor cable dependent
3.625"
1.25"
.07"
.40"
.25"
Probe Style
Thermistor
Probe Length Length inches
Lead Style
Color Selection Option
Lead Length Length inches
Termination
Lead Style
ilin
Thermistor
Lead Length
Termination
Round Round Shielded Round Miniature Round Teflon Round Shielded Teflon Individual Individual Large Individual Miniature Individual Teflon Individual Large Teflon Individual Miniature Teflon Individual Tefzel
1200" 1200" 1200" 1200" 1200"
Lead Colors Available Black: Green: Brown: Blue: Red: Violet: Orange: Gray: Yellow: White:
more information, contact 747-5367 427-1640 Info@YSI.com www.YSI.com
Surface Probe
Small Surface Probe
probes designed permanent temporary fixed-mount surface temperature applications. construction probes provides fast response minimal stem effect error when used with relatively lightweight leads properly mounting leads. thermistor electrically isolated from case. application these probes measuring coil radiator temperatures heat exchangers. flat surface sensors require good surface contact while protecting noncontact surface from high levels radiant energy. This accomplished placing reflective surface between sensor source. These probes waterproof. Typical Time Constant: seconds Temperature Range: Thermistor cable dependent
.13"
Typical Time Constant: seconds Temperature Range: Thermistor cable dependent
.09" (.13" with 55000)
.38"
.210"
Probe Style
Thermistor
Probe Length Length inches
Lead Style
Lead Style
Color Selection Option
Lead Length Length inches
Termination
Thermistor
ilin
Lead Length
Termination
Flat Flat Teflon Individual Individual Miniature Individual Teflon Individual Miniature Teflon Individual Tefzel
120" 120"
Lead Colors Available Black: Green: Brown: Blue: Red: Violet: Orange: Gray: Yellow: White:
Attachable Surface Probe
.75" 1.00" .250" THRU
surface-temperature probe designed bolt-in-place applications. This most rugged surface temperature probe. With thermal transfer compound, will collect accurate temperature data because it's intimate contact with body measured. frequently used measure, monitor control temperatures small motors, heat exchangers fluid pumping systems. flat surface sensors require good surface contact while protecting noncontact surface from high levels radiant energy. This accomplished placing reflective surface between sensor source. Typical Time Constant: seconds Temperature Range: Thermistor cable dependent
Probe Style
Thermistor
Probe Length Length inches
Lead Style
Color Selection Option
Lead Length Length inches
Termination
Lead Style
ilin
Thermistor
Lead Length
Termination
Round Round Miniature Round Teflon Round Shielded Teflon Individual Individual Large Individual Miniature Individual Teflon Individual Large Teflon Individual Miniature Teflon Individual Tefzel
1200" 1200" 1200" 1200"
more information, contact 747-5367 427-1640 Info@YSI.com www.YSI.com
Lead Colors Available Black: Green: Brown: Blue: Red: Violet: Orange: Gray: Yellow: White:
Ring Surface-Temperature Probe
.750"
.378"
.169"
ring surface-temperature probe designed screw-in-place applications. uninsulated plated copper corresponds ring lug. thermistor potted barrel. originally designed satellite systems frequently used measure, monitor control temperatures small motors, heat exchangers fluid pumping systems. flat surface sensors require good surface contact while protecting noncontact surface from high levels radiant energy. This accomplished placing reflective surface between sensor source. Typical Time Constant: seconds Temperature Range: Thermistor cable dependent
Probe Style
Thermistor
Probe Length Length inches
Lead Style
Color Selection Option
Lead Length Length inches
Termination
Lead Style
Thermistor
Lead Length
Termination
ilin
Round Round Miniature Round Teflon Round Shielded Teflon FLat Flat Teflon Individual Individual Large Individual Miniature Individual Teflon Individual Large Teflon Individual Miniature Teflon IIndividual Varnish Insulated Individual Tefzel
1200" 1200" 1200" 1200" 120" 120"
Flag Probe
attachable surface temperature probe flag configuration. flag made tin-plated copper mounting hole This probe used variety surface temperature applications. flat surface sensors require good surface contact while protecting noncontact surface from high levels radiant energy. This accomplished placing reflective surface between sensor source. Typical Time Constant: seconds Temperature Range: Thermistor cable dependent
Clear .66" .39" .22"
.31"
Probe Style
Thermistor
Probe Length Length inches
Lead Style
Lead Style
Color Selection Option
Lead Length Length inches
Termination
Thermistor
ilin
Lead Length
Termination
Round Round Shielded Round Miniature Round Teflon Round Shielded Teflon Flat Flat Teflon Individual Individual Large Individual Miniature Individual Teflon Individual Large Teflon Individual Miniature Teflon Individual Tefzel
120" 120" 120" 120" 120" 120" 120"
more information, contact 747-5367 427-1640 Info@YSI.com www.YSI.com
8-32 Brass Screw Probe
probe thermistor mounted 8-32 brass head bolt. design especially useful measuring relatively thick samples that under vibration. lead should excessively flexed high-vibration environments. Brass provides excellent thermal pathway much less susceptible than stainless steel spurious heat source errors. Typical Time Constant: seconds Temperature Range: Thermistor cable dependent
8-32 Stainless Steel Probe
probe thermistor mounted 8-32 stainless steel head bolt. design especially useful measuring relatively thick samples which under vibration. lead should excessively flexed high vibration environments. Stainless steel provides poorer thermal pathway than brass susceptible spurious heat source errors. Typical Time Constant: seconds Temperature Range: Thermistor cable dependent
8-32 Thread
Probe Style
Thermistor
Probe Length 1/8" 1/4"
Lead Style
Color Selection Option
Lead Length Length inches
Termination
Lead Style
ilin
Thermistor
Lead Length
Termination
Flat Teflon Individual Individual Miniature Individual Teflon Individual Large Teflon Individual Miniature Teflon Individual Tefzel
more information, contact 747-5367 427-1640 Info@YSI.com www.YSI.com
120"
Lead Colors Available Black: Green: Brown: Blue: Red: Violet: Orange: Gray: Yellow: White:
10-32 Brass Screw Probe
probe thermistor mounted 1032 brass head bolt. design especially useful measuring relatively thick samples which under vibration. lead should excessively flexed high vibration environments. Brass provides excellent thermal pathway much less susceptible than stainless steel spurious heat source errors. Typical Time Constant: seconds Temperature Range: Thermistor cable dependent
10-32 Stainless Steel Probe
probe thermistor mounted 10-32 stainless steel head bolt. design especially useful measuring relatively thick samples which under vibration. lead should excessively flexed high vibration environments. Stainless steel provides poorer thermal pathway than brass susceptible external heat source errors. Typical Time Constant: seconds Temperature Range: Thermistor cable dependent
10-32 UNF-2A Thread
Probe Style
Thermistor
Probe Length 1/8" 1/4"
Lead Style
Color Selection Option
Lead Length Length inches
Termination
Lead Style
Thermistor
ilin
Lead Length
Termination
Round Miniature Flat Flat Teflon Individual Individual Large Individual Miniature Individual Teflon Individual Large Teflon Individual Miniature Teflon Individual Tefzel
120" 120" 120"
Lead Colors Available Black: Green: Brown: Blue: Red: Violet: Orange: Gray: Yellow: White:
Brass Pipe Plug Probe
probe thermistor mounted 1/8" brass pipe plug. pipe plug design allows easy application piping systems. lead should excessively flexed high vibration environments. While brass excellent conductor, unless care taken, wall temperature rather than sample temperature will measured. Typical Time Constant: 10.0 seconds Temperature Range: Thermistor cable dependent
Stainless Steel Plug Probe
probe thermistor mounted 1/8" stainless steel pipe plug. pipe plug design allows easy application piping systems. lead should excessively flexed high vibration environments. Since stainless steel good thermal conductor, unless care taken, wall temperature rather than sample temperature will measured. Typical Time Constant: 15.0 seconds Temperature Range: Thermistor cable dependent
1/8" Thread
Probe Style
Thermistor
Probe Length Length inches
Lead Style
Color Selection Option
Lead Length Length inches
Termination
Lead Style
ilin
Thermistor
Lead Length
Termination
Round Round Shielded Round Miniature Round Teflon Round Shielded Teflon Flat Flat Teflon Individual Individual Large Individual Miniature Individual Teflon Individual Large Teflon Individual Miniature Teflon Individual Tefzel
120" 120" 120" 120" 120" 120" 120"
Lead Colors Available Black: Green: Brown: Blue: Red: Violet: Orange: Gray: Yellow: White:
Tubular Probe with Fitting
Tubular Probe with Fitting
Tubular Probe with Fitting
100, 101, stainless steel tubular probes with 1/8" fittings. This design high tolerance pressure tolerates high flow rates short periods. stainless steel construction provides protection from stress corrosion cavitation etching. Applications include accurate readings pipelines.
.75"
Typical Time Constant: seconds Typical Time Constant: seconds Typical Time Constant: seconds Temperature Range: Thermistor cable dependant
1/8" Thread .125" .188" .250"
Lead Length Length inches Termination Options
Probe Style
Thermistor
Probe Length Length inches 1/2"
Lead Style
Color Selection Option
Lead Style
Thermistor
Lead Length
Termination
ilin
Round Round Shielded Round Miniature Round Teflon Round Shielded Teflon Flat Flat Teflon Individual Individual Large Individual Miniature Individual Teflon Individual Large Teflon Individual Miniature Teflon Individual Tefzel
120" 120" 120" 120" 120" 120" 120"
Lead Colors Available Black: Green: Brown: Blue: Red: Violet: Orange: Gray: Yellow: White:
more information, contact 747-5367 427-1640 Info@YSI.com www.YSI.com
SECTION
Series Standard Reusable Probes
General-Purpose Tubular Probes Surface Probes Autoclavable Probes Airway Probes Technical Data
Standard Reusable Temperature Probes
offer series precision probes manufacturing, research medicine. Every probe traceable NIST Substitute probe either series other same series with loss accuracy reusable probes world standard medical humans Series Probes provide linear response Made without latex reduce allergic reactions Probes electrically-isolated Durable molded phone plugs Extension leads available
Applications 702A Small Vinyl
3/16" (402) (4.8 1/4" (702) (6.4
1/8" (402) (3.2 1/4" (702) (6.4
Smaller, flexible versions patient monitoring with quicker response time Time constant 402: sec; 702A: Range 402: +100°C; 702A: +100°C Rectal temperatures small animals
Small Nylon
1/2" (63.5
Incubators Cuvettes Patient monitoring Environmental control Research labs Many industrial uses
General-Purpose Probes General-Purpose
5/16"
1/8" (3.2
3/32" (2.4
Epoxy tip, nylon tube Fastest response time general-purpose probes cuvette, research, shallow immersion Time constant Range +100°C
Tubular Probes Stainless Steel Tubular
5/32"
3/16" (401) (4.8mm) 1/4" (701) (6.4
9/64" (3.6 1/2" (114 7/8"
Rugged vinyl probe air, sub-soil short-term water Time constant 401: sec; 701: Range 401: +100°C; 701: +100°C
Sheath compatible with many fluids Quick durable Time constant 403: sec; 703: Range 403: +150°C; 703: +150°C
Teflon Tubular
0.56"
(14.2
9.0" (229
0.051" (1.3
304SS Tube
Flexible Teflon Tubing
more information, contact 747-5367
427-1640
www.YSI.com
through gauge thin-wall hypo. needle Short-term immersion small liquid samples Time constant Range: from +70°C
Pyrex Tubular
3/16" (4.8
Pointed Tubular
.25" (6.4
(127
4.75" (121
3.5"
Chemically inert immersion Thermometric titrations, freezing points Time constant Range 404: +150°C; 704: +150°C
Small Tubular
1/8" (3.2
7/8"
semi-solids such meat fruit stainless steel Time constant Range
1/2" (114
Surface Probes Banjo Surface
13/32" (10.3
Similar thinner faster Time constant Range +150°C
Tubular with Fitting
1/8" 5/32"
5/64"
gauge
5/8" 1/2" (114
1/2"
pipes vessels stainless steel withstands Time constant Range 410: +150°C; 710: +150°C
Autoclavable Tubular
1/8" 5/32"
industrial, process medical Handle simplifies Time constant 408: sec; 708: Range 408: +150°C; 708: +100°C
409A 709A High-Temperature
3/8" (9.5 Flat Teflon Lead .10" .03"
(305
1/8" (3.2 (25.4 5/16" (33.3
Stainless steel fitting sheath; detachable lead electrically isolated Time constant Range +150°C
Pointed Tubular
1/4" (6.4 5/32"
Teflon leads Stainless steel disc with epoxy back protects probe from environment Time constant Range 409A: +150°C; 709A: +100°C
409B 709B Rugged Surface
3/8" (9.5
Flat Lead .050" .132" (1.3 3000
11/16" (119
7/8"
1/8" (3.2
semi-solids such meat, fruit, tobacco, rubber stainless steel Time constant sec: Range +150°C
More rugged than 409A 709A Vinyl-covered leads; time constant Range 409B: +100°C; 709B: +100°C
Small Surface
3/16" (4.8
Technical Data
Series Probes Temperature Range: +150°C (-40 +300°F) except specified. Lead wires subjected 100°C. Interchangeability: ±0.25°C -40°C; ±0.10°C from 70°C; ±0.21°C 100°C; ±0.40°C 150°C
(610
3/32" (2.4
1/16" (1.6
Similar autoclavable leads detachable Time constant Range 427: +150°C; 729: +100°C
Temperature Probes
1/4" (6.4
Interchangeability Tolerance
1/2"
7/8"
Thermistor protected stainless steel cage humidity such incubators, test rooms, streams Time constant ft/sec Range +150°C
441A Airway
Time Constant: Derived from measurements water feet second. probe requires approximately time constants read total change. Leads: Non-detachable vinyl-covered shielded wire, except noted. Junction between probe leads should immersed. Detachable leads water-resistant. Extension leads available: 4010 Extension Lead 4025 Extension Lead 4050 Extension Lead Termination: Right-angle molded phone plug, except specified. Gray plugs 2-conductor. Electrical Isolation: Sensing elements lead wires electrically isolated from outer probe surfaces, except noted. Cleaning: probes EtO-sterilizable. Series Probes Temperature Range: +100°C (-22 +212°F), except specified. Lead wires subjected 100°C. Interchangeability: ±0.15°C from +100°C Time Constant: Derived from measurements water feet second. probe requires approximately time constants read total change. Leads: Non-detachable vinyl-covered shielded wire, except noted. Junction between probe leads should immersed. Detachable leads water-resistant. Extension leads available: 7010 Extension Lead 7025 Extension Lead 7050 Extension Lead Termination: Right-angle molded phone plug, except specified. Black plugs 3-conductor. Electrical Isolation: Sensing elements lead wires electrically isolated from outer probe surfaces, except noted. Cleaning: probes EtO-sterilizable. Resistance Voltage Outputs: combine Series Probe with fixed resistors linear response temperature either resistance voltage mode. offers standard networks range +100°C. Special networks also available. more information, call Customer Service.
0.300" dia, taper (7.6
anesthesia, respiratory care, in-line measurement Time constant (worst case air) Range 50°C
Series 400AC Probes Temperature Range: (-40 except specified. Lead wires subjected Interchangeability: from +70; from Sterilization: Steam autoclave minutes probe instructions additional cleaning sterilizing information. Leads: Non-detachable thermoplastic elastomer-covered wire. Termination: Right-angle molded phone plug. Beige plugs 2-conductor.
Autoclavable Probes (qualified medical use)
401AC General Purpose
.188" (4.8 .150" (3.8
.5625" (14.3
Long-term immersion Time constant Range 402AC General-Purpose
.125" (3.2 .090" (2.3
.312"
Long-term immersion Time constant Range 409AC Surface
.375" (9.5 .090" (2.3
Measurement high-moisture environments Time constant Range
SECTION
4600 Precision Thermometer
High-Precision with Standard Probes Labs, Manufacturing Floor Field Affordable Metrology-Level Measurement
4600 Series Precision Thermometers
handheld 4600 Series Precision Thermometers take metrology-level temperature measurement laboratory, manufacturing floor field, affordable price.
Three Versions Range Applications
4600 measure-
Liquids Semi-solids solids
4610-Higher Accuracy with Interchangeable Probes
make three versions thermometer address broad range temperature measurement applications. 4600 gives high-precision convenience wide selection off-the-shelf Series Probes. 4610 offers higher system accuracy with interchangeable probes. 4600S provides metrology-level accuracy because calibrate each unit with specific probe.
Versions Include These Features
4610 offers extremely high system accuracy when interchangeable probes that test calibrate just this thermometer. System accuracy ±0.05°C from 50°C with special probes-a catheter probe vinyl general-purpose probe. temperature range 70°C. Analytical instrument calibration Field service Process validation Data acquisition
4600S -Transfer Standard
Resolution 0.01°C RS232 port NIST traceability readout Hold Min/max Store
4600-Flexibility Precision
4600S offers metrology-level accuracy over user-defined temperature ranges. Each system calibrated with matched probe (built using 46000 Super-Stable Glass Thermistor) appropriate your application. Single-point 4-point NIST traceable calibrations available. System accuracy tight ±0.025°C between 50°C obtainable with 4-point calibration. Contact calibration details. Metrology labs Testing labs Critical process monitoring Transfer standard
About calibration
4600 precision thermometer with standard Series Probes over wide range +150°C. It's ideal applications requiring system accuracy flexibility. instrument offers high accuracy, ±0.015°C, from 50°C; system accuracy ±0.115°C with over styles Series Probes. Stainless steel tubular Air/gas Vinyl Catheter
provide every temperature product with Certificate Traceability, indicating that calibrated during manufacture with standards traceable National Institute Standards Technology.
Specifications Accuracy Temperature Range
4600 Thermometer-System accuracy with Series Probes ±0.350°C -40°C ±0.115°C from 50°C ±0.125°C 70°C ±0.275°C 100°C ±0.720°C 150°C 4610 Thermometer-System accuracy with 4610 Series Probes ±0.05°C from 50°C ±0.1°C ±0.1°C 70°C 4600S Thermometer-System accuracy with Configure-toOrder Probe ±0.025°C from 50°C System accuracy from 125°C depends specified calibration. Resolution: 0.01°C from +102°C; 0.02°C from 150°C Repeatability: 0.0002 0.01°C (-20 +100°C) typical week constant ambient temperature. Reading rate: readings second Display: -digit Battery Life: hours typical alkaline cell included) Battery Indicator: Displays flashing battery symbol when less than life remains Temperature Units: selected from keypad Auto Shutoff: minutes with battery power RS232 communications Mating Connection: 1/4" phone jack Operating Conditions: 40°C; Size: 3.8D 0.34 8.25H 4.00W 1.50D inches,
Accessories
4651 RS232 Cable 4652 Carrying Case 4654 Tripod 4661 Battery Eliminator, Series Probes 4600 Thermometer Vinyl General-Purpose Probe Small Vinyl General-Purpose Probe Stainless Steel Tubular Probe Glass Tubular Probe Small Tubular Probe Tubular Probe with Fitting Autoclavable Tubular Probe Pointed Tubular Probe Banjo Surface Probe 409A High-Temperature Surface Probe 409B Surface Probe Autoclavable Surface Probe Small Surface Probe Air/Gas Probe Flexible General-Purpose Probe 4610 Series Probes 4610 Thermometer 4611 Flexible General-Purpose Probe 4612 Small Flexible General-Purpose Probe Configure-to-Order Probes 4600S Thermometer optimal long-term performance, recommend using 46000 Super-Stable Glass Thermistors with 4600S system. These thermistors available Configure-to-Order Probes.
Thermometers
4600 Precision Thermometer (uses Series Probes) 4610 High-Accuracy Thermometer (uses 4610 Series Interchangeable Probes) 4600S Thermometer Probe (calibrated with Configure-toOrder Probe)
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SECTION
Technical Information
Thermistor Theory Assuring Accurate Measurement Basic Thermilinear Applications Thermilinears Custom Thermilinear Ranges Resistance versus Temperature Tables Glossary
Thermistor Theory
thermistor materials prepared heating mixtures metal oxides high temperatures that oxides combine chemically form spinel crystallographic structure. name derives from mineral spinel, MgAl2O4, which this structure. this structure occupies tetrahedral, sites, crystal lattice occupies octahedral, sites. This normal spinel, with metal site, metal ions sites four oxygens. This commonly written Mg[Al2]O4, where elements bracket represent sites. inverse spinel half trivalent sites divalent sites, such nickel ferrite, Fe[NiFe]O4. Various degrees inversion occur depending metal ions, temperature reaction, annealing cycles which material subjected. common thermistor material nickel manganite, partially inverse spinel with manganese present sites states. These types materials referred valence-controlled semiconductors. Conduction occurs when ions having multiple valence states occupy equivalent crystallographic sites. They must same element differ valence unit occupy sites. conduction mechanism thermally activated electron hopping process, which electrons from cation another lattice sites under influence potential gradient across material. conductivity product charge density mobility. Charge density determined number charge carries, density sites probability site being active. mobility determined distance between nearest neighbor sites, activation energy (needed electron move from site another) frequency factor (how often tries jump). Charge carries also produced other defects such non-stoichiometry grain boundaries. considering effects above factors, expression conductivity derived: (-q/kT)
where infinite temperature conductivity (which includes consideration charge density mobility), activation energy, Boltzmann's constant, absolute temperature. thermistors, resistivity (and hence resistance) more interest above becomes (q/kT)
Beta Constant
replacing resistivity with resistance values combining activation energy Boltzmann's constant terms, familiar thermistor expression obtained where includes dimensional factors infinite temperature resistance, material constant beta absolute temperature. determine beta constant measuring resistance temperatures using above equation, R1/R2 ln(R1/R2 1/T2) ln(R1/R2) (1/T1- 1/T2)
Alpha Temperature Coefficient Resistance
temperature coefficient resistance determined dR/dT
usually expressed terms change resistance degree. coefficient resistance material constant related each other
Beta different ways expressing same property.
versus Approximation Methods
Although expression gives good agreement with empirical data over short temperature spans, better method interpolation over larger temperature ranges necessary accurate temperature measurements.
Thermistor accuracy depends precision uncertainty calibration system used. precision measurement statement, however, large part method approximation interpolation. approximation methods outlined below provide several choices maximum simplicity while allowing precise interpolation.
Narrow Range Approximation Methods
following table shows approximation methods, applicable temperature range range deviation from nominal resistance.
Equation Ln(RT) (B/T) Temperature Range very small +120°C Deviation +0.94, -0.82°C
Coefficients derived from 100°C catalog resistance Thermistor 25°C type resistance 001A 0.0017709 0.0003406 1.479E-07 002A 0.0015632 0.0003108 9.747E-08 003A 0.001313 0.0002906 1.023E-07 2252 0.0014733 0.0002372 1.074E-07 0.0014051 0.0002369 1.019E-07 0.001262 0.0002359 9.411E-08 0.0012473 0.000235 9.439E-08 0.0011303 0.0002339 8.863E-08 0.0010295 0.0002391 1.568E-07 0.0009354 0.0002211 1.275E-07 0.0008253 0.0002045 1.144E-07 0.0008207 0.0001848 1.014E-07 0.0008142 0.000167 8.819E-08
Steinhart Hart
Steinhart Hart equation empirical expression that been determined best mathematical expression resistance-temperature relationship negative temperature coefficient thermistor. usually found explicit
Knowing thermistor allows Steinhart Hart equation ways. resistance known temperature desired, equation above. temperature known expected resistance desired, equation below. Remember that Kelvin units.
(/2) )1/3- (/2)) 1/3]
where (1/T)
where: Kelvin units 273.15) a,b,c coefficients derived from measurement natural logarithm resistance ohms find measure thermistor three temperatures. temperatures should evenly spaced, least 10°C apart. three temperatures resistances solve three simultaneous equations. 1/T1
1/T2 R2)3 1/T3 (LnR3)3 equations allow derive temperature range. have calculated these coefficients range 100°C with 50°C intermediate point. These listed below your use.
should noted that these values alpha beta related alpha beta used with single term exponential equations. ability precisely interpolate given temperature from measurements known fixedpoints depends part closeness those points. Fixed-points such water triple point, mercury triple point, gallium melting point indium freezing point provide solid basis interpolation. practical reasons some tables have small interpolation differences when random values from tables used above equations, particularly over large temperature spans.
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Spreadsheet Program
following spreadsheet program (Lotus 123) allows calculation Steinhart Hart coefficients, using three resistances three temperatures. calculates resistance, dR/dT determines temperature known resistance. Labels start with apostrophe ('). Brackets indicate data must enter. Other cells formulas.
'Temp.(C) 'Resistance 'ln(R) 'Low [Input temperature [Input temp. resistance ohms] +B2+273.15 @LN(C2) 'Mid [Input temperature [Input temp. resistance ohms] +B3+273.15 @LN(C3) 'High [Input high temperature [Input high temp. resistance ohms] +B4+273.15 @LN(C4) 'ln(R1)-ln(R2) +E2-E3 'ln(R1)-ln(R3) +E2-E4 '(1/T1)-(1/T2) 1/D2-1/D3 '(1/T1)-(1/T3) 1/D2-1/D4 A11: 'Coefficients: B11: 1/D2-B13*E2^3-B12*E2 A12: B12: (B8-B13*(E2^3-E3^3))/B6 A13: B13: A15: 'Solving given A16: 'Degrees B16: [Input known temperature
C16: +B16+273.15 D16: (B11-(1/C16))/B13 E16: D17: E17: A18: 'Resistance (Ohm)= B18: A19: 'dR/dT= B19: A20: '%dR/dT= B20: +B19/B18*100 A23: 'Solving given A24: 'Ohms= B24: [Input known resistance ohms] A26: 'Temperature (C)= B26:
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Thermilinears
present general description Thermilinear Networks Thermilinear Component Section catalog. examples below describe general circuit development that used with Thermilinear Networks.
Voltage Mode
Voltage Mode Circuit Design Example
develop thermometer circuit without active circuitry using voltage mode. voltage mode configuration based voltage divider (figure Wheatstone bridge (figure consider both circuits together following example since bridge extension voltage divider.
range output slope must established first. signs units must known. example will range: 100°C output slope: mv/°C (negative slope) 44201 network example. This network temperature range 100°C, includes 44018 Thermilinear composite 44301 resistor set. We've taken design data from Thermilinear Network Specification pages. 3200 6250 (-0.0053483Ein)t 0.86507Ein sensitivity constant (/)/Ein -0.0053483 output voltage volt Eo0°C/Ein +0.86507 (-17.115)t 2768.23
Eout(+)
Eout(-)
Figure
Determine input voltage that results desired voltage sensitivity (-10mV/°C this example). This equal voltage sensitivity degree divided sensitivity constant. (E/t) /)/Ein) -.01 V/°C -0.0053483/°C 1.869753 Determine output voltage (Eout). general equation given with temperature variable. Eout [((/T)/Ein) Ein] (Eo0°C/ Ein) -0.0053483/°C 1.869753 0.86507 1.869753 1.617467
Eout
Figure
Power dissipation. Calculate self-heat evaluate effect power measurement accuracy. Selfheat most severe higher resistance thermistor (T2) high temperature. 25°C thermistor resistance 2069 100°C. Where: power dissipation watts voltage maximum temperature resistance higher resistance thermistor maximum temperature
0.617467 2069 0.000184 Watts
Rcal calculated with following formula: Rcal 3200 0.000048742
Rcal@0°C= Rcal@0°C= example: Rcal@0°C
Rt@0°C Rt@0°C 2768.23
dissipation constant used turn this into temperature unit. will assume example that component immersed flowing water. dissipation constant 44018 mW/°C (0.008W/°C) flowing water. Self-heat error 0.000184 0.008W/°C 0.023°C resistors selected next. goal pick these resistors achieve 0°C. first thing that must done determine resistance 0°C. total these resistances will called Rcal Rcal will calculated first calculating total resistance left half bridge, then subtracting effect this example, equation found data table 44201 network. (17.115 /°C) 2768.23 (-17.115 /°C) 2768.23 2768.23 100°C (-17.115 /°C) 100°C 2768.23 1056.73 100°C -0.0053483/°C 1.869753 100°C 0.86507 1.869753 0.617467
Rcal@0°C 0.000048742 20516.3 ratio calculation done determine values Rcal@0°C
Another resistor, introduced this time. This zero control. total resistance this resistor equal times tolerance larger When making circuit calculations, assumed that half R5's resistance included with other half with chosen designer calculated based selection example: choose 4990 (approximately R5/2 substituted ratio equation above. R5/2 substituted ratio equation above. Solve ratio equation: R5/2)] /Rcal0°C [(R1 /2)) Rcal0°C] [(3200 (4990 ))/20516.3 -100/2 736.1 standard resistor value selected that near this calculated value. selected example. last step ascertain that null value circuit falls within adjustment range control.
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((R3 Eout@0°) Where: part control added This exceed R5/2. example: ((732 4990 100) 0.86507) 4990 46.44 Since Rx<R5 resistor selections acceptable.
Resistive Mode Operations
Using Thermilinear Network resistive mode requires energizing network with constant current. This done connecting network feedback loop operational amplifier (below).
44204 Network example. This network temperature range 100°F, includes 44018 Thermilinear composite 44304 resistor set. We've taken design data from Thermilinear Network Specification pages. must calculated this circuit. seen equation above, zero output occurs when 2er. Zero degrees placed reasonable point, either inside outside intended range circuit. This example sets 0°F, which outside range. This means that equation above used, equation must used. equation 44204 Network (-17.834)t 5173.7 since 0°F, 5173.7
Eout
selected achieve voltage divider that half Ein. value given 2dE(Rt@0°F) Where: change degree change network resistance degree substituting numbers from example: 0.01 5173.7 17.834 5.802
Power Dissipation
Figure general transfer function this circuit Eout Where: Resistance network resistive mode (feedback resistance) voltage positive input voltage mode, range output slope must established. signs units must known. range: 100°F output slope: -10mV/°C (negative slope)
method determine power dissipation described voltage mode circuit design example. excitation voltage (Ein) must stable supply temperature variations because current requirement constant this example. series variable resistance used setting produce correct full scale output.
Two-Wire System
3-wire sensor reduced 2-wire sensor (below) connected sensor cable either voltage resistive mode. Note connected other cable. Resistance errors very long leads then subtracted from
Multiplexing
Technical Publications
Technical Manuals/Documents TD001 Thermistor Probes Severe Moisture Environments TD002 Measurement Science Conference Tutorial TD003 Temperature Compensation Using Thermistor Networks TD004 Goddard Specification S-311-P-18 TD005 Reproducibility, Stability Linearization Thermistor Resistance Thermometers TD006 46000 47000 Series Thermistors TD007 Aging Phenomena Nickel-Manganese Oxide Thermistors TD008 Practical Design Techniques Tame Thermistor Design TD009 Thermistor Aging Phenomenon Temperature Cycling TD010 About Thermistors TD011 Long-Term Thermistor Stability Elevated Temperature TD012 Glass Thermistor Notebook TD013 Thermistors Compensate Gain Technical Notes TN001 Statement Qualification Requirements Based Similarity 44900 Series Parts TN004 Thermistor-Specific Heat TN005 Glass Thermistor Leads TN006 Humidity Resistance Oxycast Epoxy Compared EC210 TN007 Material Recommendation Potting Thermistors TN008 Materials MSFC-SPEC-1443 Outgas Testing TN009 Outgas Testing Oxycast 6850FTLV TN010 EC210 Replacement TN011 44018 Special Range Values TN012 Thermistor Test Data Life Tests TN013 Thermistor Reliability Accuracy High Pressure TN014 Study Probe with 44012 Thermistor TN015 Mark Thermistors TN015 Mark Thermistors Technical Applications TA001 Thermistor Self-Heat Mode TA003 4600 Serial Interface TA004 Thermistor Converter Circuit
resistor serve number Thermilinear Composites monitoring several locations shown below.
Eout
Figure
SENSOR1
Eout
SENSORN
Figure
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Assuring Accurate Measurement
ensure accuracy your measurement avoiding common errors explained below.
Immersion Stem Effect Dissipation Error (Self-Heat)
error source frequently ignored stem effect. source very large errors. Stem effect occurs when portion probe temperature other than temperature sample. Here's simple method determining stem effect. Slowly insert probe into sample approximately test temperature while observing readout determine when there's further change with further insertion. When further change observed, stem effect error eliminated.
Power application thermistor induce temperature change sensor. This change called dissipation self-heat error. reduce dissipaou tion error limiting power applied thermistor during measurement. graph curv
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