Utilizing Vishay IrDA Transceiver Remote Control Remote Control w

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Utilizing Vishay IrDA Transceiver Remote Control Remote Control w

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Remote Control with IrDA® Transceivers
Utilizing Vishay IrDA Transceiver Remote Control
Remote Control with IrDA Transceivers Hardware Interface Schematics Transmit Distance. Test Results. Expected Performance Remote Control Data Formats Application Examples.
Document Number 82606 Rev. 1.6, 20-Sep-06
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Remote Control with IrDA® Transceivers
Vishay Semiconductors Remote Control with IrDA Transceivers
infrared remote control unit used control many common consumer electronic products such TV's, players, VCR's players. When button pressed remote control unit, signal sent from unit, received example remote control unit contains infrared emitting diode (LED) that transmits signal contains infrared receiver that receives signal. This signal "commands" perform function like Power-On/Off, Sound-Up/Down, Channel-Up/ Down. signal contains TV's address command code. Each function will have different command code. signal encoded transmitted using modulated carrier wave frequency range kHz. There many different coding systems used remote control. most common codes RC5®, RC6®, RMM® codes from Philips code. Different products different coding systems. example, your remote control unit work with your because they different coding systems. products using same coding system, each product will have different address avoid performing command meant another product. Figure Remote Control Data Formats section provides example remote control signal using Philips code when channel pressed. more information about remote control codes, please refer this section document "Data Format Remote Control". Design engineers handheld devices such mobile phones PDAs faced with challenge combining multiple functions single device. Among features being integrated into handheld devices remote control. Most these devices feature Vishay IrDA transceiver used short-distance wireless communication. transceiver's emitter used transmit remote control signals. This eliminates need designin additional discrete emitter. additional cost board space, this excellent solution. remote control signal generated software combination hardware (Baud Rate Generator Timer) software. Remote control applications generally include many available coding systems. handheld devices, best application supports "teach" function where handheld device learns codes from remote control unit. detector IrDA transceiver receives emitted signals stored handheld application.
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"Teaching"
18802
Figure
integrating remote control application with voice recognition, mobile phone manufacturers offer their customers very attractive capability: while process answering call, user simply "Mute" mute Convert spoken word into infrared remote control signal.
Hardware Interface Schematics
same hardware interface used Vishay's IrDA transceivers whether used IrDA communication remote control. additional components required remote control. following general interface block diagram IrDA remote control (RC) using Vishay's generation transceivers (figure There output signals (IRTXD SD/Mode) from controller input signal same output line IRTXD controller both IrDA IrDA port should multifunction port, which supports also GPIO (General Purpose Output) UART (asynchronous serial data Transmit, case using Baud Rate Generator), functions alternated software. same input line IRRXD controller both IrDA "Teaching/Learning" function, IrDA port should multifunction port, which supports also GPIO (General Purpose Input), functions alternated software. IrDA port does support UART GPIO find another port extra multiplexer
Document Number 82606 Rev. 1.6, 20-Sep-06
Remote Control with IrDA® Transceivers
circuit diagram figure shows additionally connections logic little external circuit added filtering supply voltage (low-pass resistor limiting drive current. resistor only necessary when transceiver internal current control current should reduced level lower than internally controlled current. Also when operated with supply voltage resistor necessary when application operated close maximum temperature limits. "Transceiver" stands here e.g. TFDU4300 (SIR, 115.2 kbit/s) TFBS6614 (FIR, Mbit/s). these numbers valid.
(optional) Transceiver
Transmit Distance
Factors Influencing Transmit Distance This section provides detailed description factors influencing transmit distance: Wavelength emitter detector Optical intensity emitter Receiver Sensitivity Frequency emitter detector. Operating Range primary factors theoretical distance calculation radiant intensity emitter mW/sr) sensitivity receiver (given minimum threshold irradiance Eemin Calculating transmission distance simplest case assumes square-law relationship between distance irradiance Eemin receiver. Shown below calculation using receiver sensitivity Eemin W/m2 intensity mW/sr. distance resulting Intensity Sensitivity emin
LEDA LEDC
IRTXD/UART/GPIO IRRXD/GPIO GPIO[X]
Vlogic
18803
Figure General Interfacing Block Diagram IrDA Function Description: IRRXD/GPIO: IrDA data input RTXD2/UART/GPIO: IrDA data output GPIO[x]: available General Purpose pin, used Bandwidth Select
case when only external port available that used independently switch more precise IRED indicated).
Figure General Interfacing Block Diagram IrDA® using n-channel when only separate port available.
chapter "Application Examples" samples with interfacing circuit diagrams three most common used microcontrollers shown, which have IrDA port built-in port supports both UART GPIO.
Document Number 82606 Rev. 1.6, 20-Sep-06
Transmission distance increases intensity increases receiver becomes more sensitive. Wavelength Standard infrared remote control uses wavelength subcarrier frequency (IEC61603-1). Some manufacturers subcarrier frequency range from kHz. After these wavelengths became standard, still more efficient much faster emitters became available. These emitters used IrDA applications. Vishay further limits peak wavelength used IrDA transceivers with typical value main difference between used exclusively remote control IrDA emitted wavelength. wavelength Vishay's IrDA while wavelength typical remote control longer transmit distances, spectral distribution emitting should match remote control receiver spectral sensitivity. Vishay's IrDA transceivers effective remote control because remote control receiver sensitive wavelength emitted transceiver. Figure shows that Vishay's IrDA (886 emits wavelength long enough received remote control receivwww.vishay.com
Remote Control with IrDA® Transceivers
ers. Though peak wavelength emitter receiver matched, enough radiation received function well. Figure shows spectral sensitivity curve leading remote control receivers. Because peak wavelengths IrDA emitter receiver matched, transmit distance function reduction factor, derived from relative responsivity receiver Eemin/Ee (with Eemin threshold irradiance maximum threshold irradiance given wavelength). This reduction factor, obtained from curves reading normalized sensitivity value (Y-axis) where receiver sensitivity curve intersects IrDA emitter's peak wavelength nm.The wavelength specified typical peak wavelength Vishay's IrDA-transceivers. following equations parameter IrDA represents wavelength range from refers consumer wavelength emin emin meaning there range loss when using 886-nm emitter instead 950-nm emitter.
Normalized Spectral Emission Sensitivity
Wavelenght (nm) 1000 1050 1100
"886 peak emitter" "950 peak emitter" RC-Receiver
17225
Figure Spectral sensitivity emitter ,,Overlap"
emin IrDA emin emin emin IrDA
emin
IrDA
IrDA IrDA
emin
E.g. Figure 0.79 0.79 0.89
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Document Number 82606 Rev. 1.6, 20-Sep-06
Remote Control with IrDA® Transceivers
Relative Spectral Sensitivity
17229
Wavelength (nm)
1050
1150
17232
Wavelength (nm)
1000 1100 1200
Relative Spectral Sensitivity
Optical Intensity already described, remote control transmit distance function emitter intensity. Transmit distance increases intensity emitter diode increases. Vishay results indicate that transmit over distance meters, minimum intensity 880-nm emitter should mW/sr. Most lowpower IrDA transceivers have intensity less than mW/sr, woefully inadequate used remote control function. intensity emitter depends peak current efficiency. peak current controlled using serial, current-limiting resistor. reducing value resistor, peak current will increase which increases intensity. Each IrDA transceiver, however, limit maximum intensity. example, TFDU6102, world's leading transceiver, peak current typically typical intensity mW/sr (max. mW/sr). Similarly, TFDU4300 peak current resulting intensity typically mW/sr. While TFDU6102 does require current limiting resistor, figure shows dependence intensity value serial resistor randomly selected transceivers. serial resistor used reduce internal power dissipation reduce current consumption with resulting lower intensity. Note that these curves transceivers only. Single devices deviate from average normal behavior device parameter tolerances.
Intensity (mW/sr)
Relative Sensitivity
1050 1150
17230
Wavelength (nm)
Figure Collection different spectral sensitivity curves different types from different manufacturers
18807
Rled (Ohm)
Figure Current-limiting resistor on-axis intensitity TFDU6102 (five randomly selected transceivers). Applied operating voltage
Document Number 82606 Rev. 1.6, 20-Sep-06
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Remote Control with IrDA® Transceivers
Carrier Frequency sensitivity infrared remote control receiver dependent carrier frequency shown Figure 3-dB bandwidth about 1/10 central frequency carrier based modulation scheme used remote control efficiently filter signal from disturbed ambient. Therefore remote control receivers much more sensitive 200) than baseband transmission systems e.g. IrDA equivalent receivers. carrier frequency handheld device's controller should same central frequency target device. difference will result loss sensitivity subsequent transmit distance. example, transmit distance system which uses 36-kHz controller with Vishay TSOP1238 receiver (center frequency kHz) will reduced approximately selectivity that high allow multi-channel operation. With strong signals e.g. distance TSOP1238 will receive also carriers.
Rel. Responsivity
Battery Charge weakly charged battery causes drop strength emitted signal, particularly beginning signal. following diagrams (see figure effect charging state battery shown. This drop beginning signal reduce efficiency gain control receiver, requiring longer response times repeating signal. Note that this RC-5 code. This code provides long header allow receiver adjust gain with weak battery header dropped.
18808
Figure Signal from transmitter with empty batteries. measured intensity decreasing during burst.
f0/10
8143
f/f0 Relative Frequency
Figure Frequency dependence responsivity
18809
Figure Signal from transmitter with Alkaline batteries. measured intensity constant.
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Document Number 82606 Rev. 1.6, 20-Sep-06
Remote Control with IrDA® Transceivers
Vishay Semiconductors Test Results
Tests have verified that Vishay's IrDA transceivers easily effectively used remote control emitters. These tests were performed using Vishay's standard remote control test procedures equipment. Vishay, leading supplier remote control receivers, well other leading supplier's receivers were tested. measurements performed
Test Results Remote Control Emitter Vishay Part Number IRED Peak Current (mA) Intensity (mW/sr) Peak Wavelength (nm) Receivers Vishay TSOP1238 Panasonic PNA4612 Vishay TSOP4838 TSAL6400 Vishay TFDU4100 Vishay TFDU4300 Transmit Distance
long corridor, where reflections from walls, floor ceiling improve transmit distance. Therefore range data does follow square rule free transmission mentioned above. measured ranges resulting from statistical relevant number devices. When comparing with table remember that test conditions different.
IrDA Transceivers Vishay TFDU5307 Vishay TFDU6614
signal generated using Philips remote control transmitter, Figure Figure Philips RC5® code with modified carrier frequency with pulse width
Button Array Philips Remote Control
17226
17227
Figure Philips remote control used test Figure Circuit diagram driver
Since carrier frequency influence optical matching transmitter receiver, collected data transferred other carrier frequency system. This remote control transmitter generated digital signal. signal IRED driver transistor. When testing IrDA transceivers with internal current controllers, signal from remote control directly input transceiver. transceivers without internal current controllers, serial resistor used generate constant current signal during pulse. transmitter supply voltage With different receivers listed tables Philips decoder SAA3049 used, circuit diagram Figure
Document Number 82606 Rev. 1.6, 20-Sep-06
Data
Adress Toggle Remote Control Receiver
SAA3049
17228
Figure Receive circuit diagram
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Remote Control with IrDA® Transceivers
Vishay Semiconductors Expected Performance
Remote Control IrDA® applications both using Infrared transmission medium. remote control applications using historically wavelength band from while IrDA covers band from early days 950-nm band also under consideration IrDA organization. However, expecting future higher speed, IrDA decided with shorter wavelength range. Standard IrDA receivers able receive signals, while receivers necessarily able receive IrDA signals. typical receivers have cut-off filters which center IrDA band. general state, that sensitivity remote control receivers questionable lower part IrDA band while above sensitivity remote control receivers quite good used. This opens option IrDA transmitters also with remote control without spending additional long wavelength chip. experience confirms, that wavelength range from majority stateof-the-art remote control receivers sensitivity threshold mW/m2 assumed. following table range listed which expected under IrDA intensity conditions with boundary condition that wavelength above table expected range with some VISHAY transceivers listed.
Table Expected Minimum Range under Standardized IrDA Conditions (Wavelength
Wavelength Sensitivity receiver) IrDA VFIR/FIR/MIR Standard VFIR/FIR/MIR extended LowPower VFIR/FIR/MIR extended LowPower VFIR/FIR/MIR LowPower Standard extended LowPower extended LowPower LowPower Bold: IrDA Physical Layer IrPHY mW/m2 (VISHAY TSOP1238 Intensity [mW/sr] Range 12.0 IrDA nominal conditions IrDA range with standard IrDA range with standard IrDA nominal conditions IrDA nominal conditions IrDA range with standard IrDA range with standard IrDA nominal conditions
Table Expected Range with Selected VISHAY IrDA Transceivers
Transceiver TFDU4100 TFDU6102 TFDU8108 TFBS4710 TFBS6614 TFDU5307 TFDU4300 TFBS4711 TFBS6711 TFBS5700 TFBS4650/4652 TFBS4650/4652 TFDU4202 TFDU4203 Range 14.1 20.0 20.0 12.5 18.2 18.1 10.5 12.8 14.6 14.6 internally controlled internally controlled internally controlled internally controlled internally controlled Ohm, about internally controlled, device specified operation externally limited, LowPower operation resistor limited resistor limited Remark Ohm, about
Receiver: VISHAY TSOP1238, Sensitivity mW/m2
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Document Number 82606 Rev. 1.6, 20-Sep-06
Remote Control with IrDA® Transceivers
Vishay Semiconductors Remote Control Data Formats
There many different coding systems used remote control. most common codes RC5® RC6® codes from Philips code. more information application note Data Formats Remote Control. Figure example remote control signal using Philips code when channel pressed. recorded using oscilloscope connected detector. start bits (ss) automatic gain control infrared receiver. (Add command)1) (Use command toggle (change every time when button pressed transmitter) address bits system address instruction bits command pressed code uses Bi-Phase modulation technique, meaning that single split into half bits: duration time each equal 1.778 containing pulses with repetition rate kHz, carrier frequency this code. total time full code 24.889 space between transmitted codes times 88.889 carrier frequency used enable narrow band reception improve noise rejection. carrier frequency code kHz. complete signal repeated every long command button still pressed. toggle changing polarity each time button pressed. example, pressing holding volume will hold toggle constant volume will continuously increase bar, signal will change will repeated. discretely pressing volume button, toggle will change value each time. final result same. this case, toggle influence. However, when selecting channel pressing holding "1"- key, receiver will detect unchanged toggle will recognize only ignoring identical signals regardless long button pressed. Even transmission path interrupted, will detect "11" "111". change channel "11", number must pressed twice. With each press, polarity toggle changes receiver recognizes command.
Figure optical signals Channel code (RC5 Channel Zoom-in start bits (11) toggle bit. Channel Zoom-in start bit.
Figure shows data format code.
data word repeated long pressed.
Data
24.9 length 1.78 Example data word start toggle address data
27.8
Burst (half bit)
cycles kHz)
17052
Figure Philips remote control protocol
code instruction 2048 different instructions divided into addresses bits) each instructions commands bits). Each remote controlled device address, making possible change volume without changing volume player. transmitted code data word that consists bits defined
Additional Components Required Remote Control
additional components required when using Vishay transceivers. Vishay's transceivers have emitter driver built-in same digital input pin, TXD, IrDA MOSFET required.
command increased commands using modified start "10" instead "11" using second start command bit.
Document Number 82606 Rev. 1.6, 20-Sep-06
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Remote Control with IrDA® Transceivers
Vishay Semiconductors Application Examples
Motorola MC68SZ328 Processor (DragonBall) Motorola MC68SZ328 Processor (DragonBall) high-performance low-power 32-bit microcontroller with integrated IrDA block direct support IrDA physical layer protocol (SIR, kbit/s 115.2 kbit/s). application circuit shown figure This processor uses IrDA data output IrDA data input. RTS* serves originally GPIO. Here this used general-purpose output. connected controlling transceiver operating mode asserting this high enable shutdown controlled UMISC register. TXD/PE5, RXD/PE4 RTS/PE6 pins dedicated UART/Infrared Communication Port. data output recording, SEL4-6 PESEL register Control these pins given Port general-purpose input/output pins. Intel SA-1110 Processor, StrongArm Intel SA-1110 Processor StrongArm high performance, low-power microcontroller with IrDA interface which supports (9.6 kbit/s 115.2 kbit/s) Mbit/s). does support Mbit/s). Vishay profile (2.7 transceiver TFBS6614 option operate with this processor range while profile (2.5 transceiver TFDU4300 supports this application. Both used IrDA remote control operations. Other transceivers depending demand application (device profile, range) applicable, too. numbering transceiver different from that shown figure SA1110 functions (see figure RXD2 IrDA data input, TXD2 IrDA data output. available general-purpose used Bandwidth selection. TXD2 RXD2 pins dedicated infrared communication port. serial transmission required this port disabled, control these pins given peripheral control (PPC) unit general-purpose input/output pins, uninterruptible. Refer section 11.13 entitled "Peripheral Controller" page 11167 Intel StrongArm SA-1110 Microprocessor Developers Manual. these pins remote control, user must also program direction register. direction TXD2 should output RXD2 should input.
19896
Figure Motorola MC68SZ328 Processor, DragonBall, interfaced IrDA/RC applications
numbers related VISHAY transceiver TFDU4300. Depending demand also TFBS4650, TFBS4652, other transceivers used, numbering different that case.
19897
Figure Intel SA-1110 Processor, StrongArm, IrDA/RC applications
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Document Number 82606 Rev. 1.6, 20-Sep-06
Remote Control with IrDA® Transceivers
Intel PXA255 Processor XScale Intel PXA255 Processor XScale high-performance low-power microcontroller IrDA interface which supports both (9.6 kbit/s 115.2 kbit/s) Mbit/s), figure
19898
Figure Intel PXA255 Processor, Xscale, IrDA/RC applications
Vishay profile (2.7 transceiver TFBS6614 option operate with this processor range while profile transceiver (2.5 TFDU4300 supports this application. Both used IrDA remote control operations. circuit diagram shown figure transmitter input (pin-3) transceiver connected processor's IRTXD/GPIO[47], receiver output (pin-4) connected IRRXD/GPIO[46] shutdown (pin-5) available GPIO pins. I/Os IRRXD/GPIO[47] IRTXD2/GPIO[46] multifunctional pins. change their function between IrDA bit-pair AF47 AF46 GPIO Alternate Function Select Registers (GAFR1) programmed. example, setting bit-pair GAFR1_L AF47 alters function between SIR, FIR, STD_UART GPIO remote control shown following table.
bits <31,30> Name GP47 ICP_TXD Description General Purpose port (for CIR) STD_UART transmit data transmit data
Programming Example operation (direct access GPIO ports): Refer section 4.1.3 GPIO Register Definitions, page "Intel® PXA255 Processor Developer's Manual", March 2003 direction port GPIO[47] Output, setting bit-15 (PD47) register GPDR1 (GPIO Direction). direction port GPIO[46] input, setting bit-14 (PD46) register GPDR1 (GPIO Direction). IRTXD/GPIO[47] port GPIO, writing bit-pair <31,30> (AF47) register GAFR1_L. IRRXD/GPIO[46] port GPIO, writing bit-pair <29,28> (AF46) register GAFR1_L. Send same signals through output port, writing either bit-15 (PS47) register GPSR1 set) bit-15 (PC47) GPCR1 clear). Read record inputs from port IRRXD/GPIO[46] simulation. state read reading bit-14 (pl46) register GPLR1.
Document Number 82606 Rev. 1.6, 20-Sep-06
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Utilizing Vishay IrDA Transceiver Remote Control Remote Control w

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