alternator multifunction smart voltage regulator Fully monolithic
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L9911
alternator multifunction smart voltage regulator
Fully monolithic design High side field driver Thermal protection Field short circuit protection Protected diagnostic lamp driver Protected high side relay driver Complex diagnostics Load response control output (field monitor) includes control section, field power stage, fault diagnostic circuit which drives warning lamp, protection against short circuits.
Multiwatt8
Description
L9911 monolithic multifunction alternator voltage regulator intended automotive application. Table Device summary
Package Multiwatt8 Multiwatt8 Multiwatt8
Order code L9911F L9911P L9911I
Packing Tube Tube Tube
Table
July 2007
1/19
www.st.com
Contents
L9911
Contents
Circuit operation
Voltage regulation Protection Diagnosis Load response control
Pins description Electrical specification
Absolute maximum ratings Thermal data Electrical characteristcs Principle phase regulation
Package information Revision history
2/19
L9911
List tables
List tables
Table Table Table Table Table Table Table Table Table Table Table Device summary description Absolute maximum ratings Thermal data. Electrical characteristcs Load response control parameters Load response control timing options Correspondence frequency (typical values) application features Customization L9911: combination LRC, regulation, application options Fault detection Document revision history
3/19
List figures
L9911
List figures
Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Connection (Top view) Vreg-1 Vreg-2 Vreg-3 Output voltage rise/fall time (F+, DFM). Phase regulation characteristics Application diagram High side/low side driver saturation Test mode cancel soft start/attack Soft-start enable frequency range Soft start characteristics (always activated engine start) Soft start/attack characteristics DFMonitor electrical configuration Short circuit drivers' protection Multiwatt8 mechanical data package dimensions
4/19
L9911
Circuit operation
Circuit operation
alternator's voltage regulator performs following main functions: voltage regulation protection control fault diagnosis load response control
Voltage regulation
alternator voltage compared with reference voltage amplifier, whose output determines switching frequency output power whose current excites coil alternator; regulator fixed-frequency topology, field switching frequency does depend alternator characteristics. regulators have integrated filter voltage sensing path guaranteeing correct behaviour devices also when rectifier diodes feature very high switching spikes. internal filtering allows usage device also with very long cables connecting alternator battery with impedance high cause superimposed ripple alternator voltage higher than 56V. Consequently doesn't need, standard application, external component. Anyway external capacitor (2.2µF) must inserted between ground when using device with very long cables.
Protection
present protection against short circuits lamp relay power drivers field power driver (F+), thermal drivers shutdown protection overvoltage protection power drivers.
Diagnosis
circuit detects fault conditions related phase status receives informations from three alternator phases. order prevent spurious indications, fault warnings displayed immediately dalayed fixed time.
Load response control
internal circuit regulates soft start characteristics (activated always engine start) soft attack characteristics.
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Pins description
L9911
Pins description
Figure Connection (Top view)
GND-case
AC00344
Table
description
GND-case
Function Phase sense input. Field monitor output. Reserved. Lamp terminal side driver; relay terminal high side driver. Ground. Reserved. High side driver output. Sensed power supply.
6/19
L9911
Electrical specification
Electrical specification
Absolute maximum ratings
Table
Symbol
Absolute maximum ratings 150°C, unless otherwise specified)
Parameter supply voltage min. 25°C) Transient supply voltage (load dump) [see t<500ms Transient supply voltage (low energy spikes) (see Figure ISO7637-1 pulse 1,2,3 /ISO7637-3 Value -2.5 -1.5 Unit
Junction temperature range
Tstg, Tcase Storage case temperature range Ptot Total power dissipation Tcase 150°C, Ifield Reverse battery voltage (see Figure 25°C, Normal working condition reverse voltage GND) Current (bonding limitation) Voltage MILSTD883C (All pins vs.GND)
Thermal data
Table
Symbol j-case
Thermal data
Parameter Thermal resistance junction case Value Unit °C/W
Table
Symbol Vbat Ib-sinked Ib-stby
Electrical characteristcs
Electrical characteristcs -40°C 150°C; unless otherwise specified)
Parameter Operating supply voltage Supply battery current Stand-by current 12.5V, Test Condition Min. Typ. Max. Unit
7/19
Electrical specification Table
Symbol Vreg
L9911
Electrical characteristcs (continued) -40°C 150°C; unless otherwise specified)
Parameter Test Condition Ialt =1A-0.9 Inom; Tcase 20°C; 1400<rpm<RPMMAX (see Figure Min. 14.0 -4.5 14.35 -11.8 14.35 Typ. 14.4 -3.5 14.5 14.5 Max. 14.8 -2.5 14.65 -8.2 14.65 Unit mV/°C mV/°C mV/°C
Vreg
Regulated voltage thermal drift. Ialt =10A; Tcase 23°C; configurations available, 6000rpm;15V max. selectable mask option (see (see Figure Table
Vreg Vrpm Vload Vreg-less Reg. voltage without battery
Ialt =10A; Tcase 23°C; 6000rpm (see Figure 1400<rpm<RPMMAX; Ialt 5A<Ialt<Inom; rpm=6000rpm Ialt resistive; Tcase 25°; 2000<rpm<RPMMAX Voltage disable drivers High side driver
Vov-p
Overvoltage protection threshold
Vreg Tj-sd10 0.40 0.50
Vreg Tj-sd2 0.60 0.55
Vov-d Tj-sd
Overvoltage diagnosis threshold Thermal shutdown threshold
turn side driver Temperature disable DFM, (high side drivers) L/F+/DFM from STATE (due thermal shutdown) STATE turn side driver
Vreg
Tj-sd-dwn Vuv-1
Thermal shut-down hysteresis
Under voltage diagnosis threshold Vuv-up VF+_sat Field driver saturation voltage Freewheeling diode turn side driver 150°C; 4.5A 25°C;
If_SCTH
-40°C Field short circuit driver protection threshold current -25°C (see Figure -150°C Field driver ON-state detection Pre-excitation frequency Pre-excitation Field driver ON-duty Output voltage rise time Output voltage fall time Field switching frequency Ifield resistive (see Figure Ialt 1A~0.9 Inom; 1400rpm<rpm<RPMMAX
15.93 18.75
21.57
f-pre Duty-pre Fsw_F+ If_leak
Output field driver leakage current 24V;
8/19
L9911 Table
Symbol DUTY-PR VH_SAT VL_SAT VLSB IHSC ILSC VthL Ipd_L IL_sink Vcan-DFM tcan-DFM VPHL1 VPHL2 tPHL1 VPHH1 VPHH2_1 tPHd IPd-P1 f-dfm VL-DFM I-SC_DFM Ilk-DFM
Electrical specification Electrical characteristcs (continued) -40°C 150°C; unless otherwise specified)
Parameter Phase regulation field duty High side driver saturation Voltage (see Figure Test Condition Figure With driver Isource 500mA Min. 26.56 Typ. 31.25 Max. 35.94 1.15 (see Figure square wave 1KHz square wave 1KHz 0.8V Ialt =1A~0.9 Inom; 1400rpm<rpm<RPMMAX; Isink I-sink=14mA VDFM 12.5V VDFM =16V driver 0.35 0.25 Unit
side driver saturation voltage With driver Isink 500mA (see Figure Selfbias without supply lamp driver voltage High side driver short circuit current protection Side Driver short circuit current (see Figure Enable regulator supply voltage threshold terminal pull-down current when 0.6V generator rotating sink current when generator frequency 500Hz; rotating Diagnostic alarm delay time Test mode cancel soft start/ attack (voltage) Test mode delay time Enable control voltage input high threshold Enable control voltage input threshold Enable Control Voltage Phase Filtering Time Diagnosis phase loss input high threshold Diagnosis phase loss input threshold Diagnostic phase filtering time Phase pull-down current output open drain switching freq. Output voltage saturation Short circuit current protection Output leakage current open; connected through resistor 12.5V; 12.5V
9/19
Electrical specification Table
Symbol t-t-TD
L9911
Electrical characteristcs (continued) -40°C 150°C; unless otherwise specified)
Parameter Output voltage rise time (see Figure Output voltage fall time Test Condition Min. Typ. Max. Unit
Table
Symbol t_ST_1 t_ST_2 tSL_1 tSL_2
Load response control parameters
Parameter Test Condition Min. Typ. 1.73 2.13 7.65 2.35 2.87 10.35 Max. Unit
Soft start delay time (see Figure steps available, Activated always engine start selectable mask option (see Table Soft attack time soft start time (see Figure 11). steps From 100% field duty cycle available, selectable mask option (see Table
Reset frequency range EN-RES enable regulation; Frequency (constant) judged after periods (see Figure EN-1 EN-2 EN-3 EN-4 DISAB-1 DISAB-2 DISAB-3 DISAB-4 Soft start enable (EN) disable (DISAB) frequency ranges. configurations available, selectable mask option (possible combinations Table Always activated engine start. Frequencies judged after periods (see Figure 25°C to150°C 25°C to150°C 25°C to150°C 25°C to150°C 25°C to150°C 25°C to150°C 25°C to150°C 25°C to150°C
Table
Load response control timing options
t_SL 2.5s t_ST t_ST LRC-A LRC-C t_SL LRC-D LRC-B
10/19
L9911 Table
Electrical specification Correspondence frequency (typical values) application features
Alternator Revolution Speed (rpm) Pole Pairs 1200 3000 1450 3000 1450 3500 EN-1 DISAB-1 EN-2 DISAB-1 EN-2 DISAB-2 Pole Pairs EN-3 DISAB-3 EN-4 DISAB-3 EN-4 EN-4
Typical Configuration Initiate Regulation (Config-A) Typical Configuration Initiate Regulation (Config-B) Typical Configuration Initiate Regulation (Config-C)
Considering overall application scenario, there direct correspondence between Typical configurations regulation curve Vreg-1, between typical configuration regulation curves Vreg-2 Vreg-3. This allowing summary possible customizations L9911 table below. Table
Timing options LRC-A LRC-B LRC-C LRC-D
Customization L9911: combination LRC, regulation, application options
Vreg-1 Config-A Pole Pairs L9911P Pole Pairs Vreg-1 Config-B Pole Pairs L9911F Pole Pairs Vreg-2 Config-B Pole Pairs L9911I Pole Pairs Vreg-2 Config-C Pole Pairs Pole Pairs Vreg-3 Config-C Pole Pairs Pole Pairs
Figure
15.2 15.1 14.9 14.8 14.7 14.6 14.5 14.4 14.3 14.2 14.1 13.9 13.8 13.7 13.6 13.5 13.4
Vreg-1
Max.
Typ.
Min.
14.06V~14,91V -5°C 14.00V~14.80V 20°C 13.42V~14,48V 150°C
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Electrical specification Figure
15.1 14.9 14.8 14.7 14.6 14.5 14.4 14.3 14.2 14.1 13.9 13.8 13.7 13.6 13.5 13.4 13.3 13.2 13.1 12.9
L9911 Vreg-2
Max.
Typ.
Min.
14.60V~15.00V -5°C 14.35V~14.65V 23°C 12.85V~13.66V 150°C
Figure
15.1 14.9 14.8 14.7 14.6 14.5 14.4 14.3 14.2 14.1 13.9 13.8 13.7 13.6 13.5
Vreg-3
Max.
Typ.
Min.
14.41V~14.82V -5°C 14.35V~14.65V 23°C 13.59V~14.40V 150°C
12/19
12.8
L9911 Figure Output voltage rise/fall time (F+, DFM)
Voltage
Electrical specification
t-rise t-
t-fall t-TD
Figure
Phase regulation characteristics
Engine Ign. Switch W/Lamp
t_ST t_SL
Load
Ifield F+/DFM
Field Preexcitation
Field Regulation
Principle phase regulation
When above regulated voltage, field driver controlled keep phase peak voltage from falling below VPHH1. phase peak voltage drops below VPHL1, phase regulation does work. Figure Application diagram
ignition switch warning lamp
Stator Field
E.C.U.
L9911
13/19
Electrical specification Figure High side/low side driver saturation
L9911
Regulator Assy
L9911 Control Circuit
Figure
Test mode cancel soft start/attack
FILTER (tcan) COMP Vcan LATCH CANCEL
Figure Soft-start enable frequency range
EN-1~4
SOFT-START ENABLE FREQUENCY
CONSTANT (50HZ)
EN-RES
14/19
L9911
Electrical specification Figure Soft start characteristics (always activated engine start)
Ign. 0.5s Engine speed (rpm) (soft attack inhibition Alt. speed) 0.5s Time (sec)
(soft start enable Alt. speed)
Time (sec) Soft start timing Soft start timing Soft start timing
Field current
Soft start delay time
Soft start delay time
Soft start delay time
0.15s~0.5s
Time (sec)
W/Lamp
0.15s~0.5s Starter Ign. stop Ign. stop Starter Ign. Starter Time (sec)
Engine start
Soft attack inhibition Alt. speed speed
Engine start
Soft attack inhibition Alt. speed speed
Engine restart
Figure Soft start/attack characteristics
Engine Ign. Switch W/Lamp
t_ST t_SL
Load
Ifield F+/DFM
Field Preexcitation
Field Regulation
15/19
Electrical specification Table Fault detection
Root Cause Signal Effect Test detect
L9911
Alternator belt breaking Brushes open Field Driver Open Field interruption Field short circuit battery Field short circuit ground Battery discharge
Alternator disexcitation Alternator disexcitation Alternator disexcitation Alternator disexcitation Overvoltage Alternator disexcitation Undervoltage
VP<VPHH1 VB+<Vreg VP<VPHH1 VB+<Vreg VP<VPHH1 VB+<Vreg VP<VPHH1 VB+<Vreg VF+>VS1 Vov-d VP<VPHH1 VB+<Vreg VB+<Vuv
Note:
diagnostic result disabled during Soft-start delay time t_ST soft-start soft attack timing t_SL Figure DFMonitor electrical configuration
L9911
Regulator assy
Valim
Alternator Field
Control Circuit
Field driver DFMon driver Test circuit
Figure Short circuit drivers' protection
Current short circuit (Field driver, Relay driver, DFMon driver) 25ms
Current short circuit (Lamp driver)
Filtering time
Retry time
Field driver, DFmon driver Relay driver protected switching mode (not linear), with retry time less than 25ms. Lamp driver protected linear mode, with retry time
16/19
L9911
Package information
Package information
order meet environmental requirements, offers this device ECOPACK® packages. This package Lead-free second level interconnect. category second level interconnect marked package inner label, compliance with JEDEC Standard JESD97. maximum ratings related soldering conditions also marked inner label. ECOPACK trademark. ECOPACK specifications available www.st.com. Figure Multiwatt8 mechanical data package dimensions
DIM. MIN. Dia1 20.35 17.05 17.25 10.3 2.65 0.40 0.70 3.65 17.20 17.5 10.7 0.49 0.78 2.40 17.64 19.6 20.2 20.65 17.35 17.75 10.9 0.55 0.85 3.85 0.80 0.67 0.679 0.406 0.104 0.075 0.075 0.015 0.028 0.144 0.68 0.689 0.421 2.54 17.78 TYP. MAX. 2.65 0.55 0.85 2.68 17.92 0.019 0.030 0.094 0.69 0.772 0.795 0.81 0.68 0.699 0.429 0.114 0.102 0.102 0.022 0.034 0.152 0.10 0.70 MIN. TYP. MAX. 0.197 0.104 0.063 0.022 0.033 0.105 0.71 inch
OUTLINE MECHANICAL DATA
Multiwatt8 (Pin GND)
0043696
17/19
Revision history
L9911
Revision history
Table
Date
Document revision history
Revision Changes
22-Jun-2004 18-May-2005
Initial release. Modified Figure Table Table Updated Figure Table ordering numbers. Updated Table Added tables 6-9. Added L9911C part number. Updated Table Document reformatted following graphic layout. Updated order codes, Table
07-Nov-2005 28-Nov-2005 11-Jul-2007
18/19
L9911
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