Sanken Electric Co., STR-E1500 Family Application Note /////

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STR-E1500 Family Application Note
Sanken Electric Co.,
STR-E1500 Family Application Note
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Contents
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General Description Features STR-E1500 Family Line-up
(typical example: STR-E1565)
Package Information Block diagram Function Each Terminal Electrical Characteristics
Absolute Maximum Ratings7 Electrical Characteristics Control Part79 Electrical Characteristics MOSFET9
Typical Application Explanation Block Explanation DC/DC Block Functions Each Terminal (PFC Block)
11.1 11.2 11.3 11.4 11.5 11.6 11.7
1316
Terminal (Pin4)13 PFB/OVP Terminal (Pin6)13 MultFP Terminal (Pin6)1314 COMP Terminal (Pin7)15 PFCout Terminal (Pin3)15 Terminal (Pin11)16 Terminal (Pin5)16
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STR-E1500 Family Application Note
Functions Each Terminal (DC/DC Block)
12.1 12.2 12.3 12.4
1718
Startup Terminal (Pin1) Terminal (Pin15) Terminal (Pin14)17 Terminal (Pin13) Source Terminal (Pin17)17 Terminal (Pin12)18
Example Application Circuit
13.1 13.2 13.3 13.4
1821
OVP/TSD using Latch Function MultFP Terminal1819 Cancellation Function19 ON/OFF DC/DC Output1920 Smoothing Capacitor Commutating Diode Block2021
Design Inductor Transformer
14.1 14.2
2123
Inductor2122 Transformer DC/DC Block2223
Other Instruction
15.1 15.2 15.3
2426
Pattern Layout Printed Circuit Board Filter2425 Releasing Latch Shut-Down Re-Start26 Input power suppression system26
Caution/ Warning
Sanken reserves right make changes without further notice products herein interest improvements performance, reliability, manufacturability products. Before placing order, Sanken advises customer obtain latest version relevant information verify that information being relied upon current. Application operation examples described this application note supplementary variation additional parts considered. When using products herein, applicability suitability such products intended purpose object shall reviewed users responsibility. Application operation examples described this application note quoted sole purpose reference products herein Sanken assume responsibility infringement industrial property rights, intellectual property rights other rights Sanken, third party which result from use. Although Sanken undertakes enhance quality reliability products, occurrence failure defect semiconductor products certain rate inevitable. Users Sanken products requested take, their risk, preventative measures including safety design equipment systems against possible injury, death, fires, damages society device failure malfunction. This publication shall reproduced whole part without prior written approval from Sanken.
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STR-E1500 Family Application Note
General Description
STR-E1500 family hybrid 2-converter power supply system, which pre-converter power factor correction (PFC) reduce harmonic waves, DC-DC converter post stage. incorporates controller pre-converter (boost chopper type Critical Conduction Mode PFC) DC-DC converter, well power MOSFET output stage DC-DC converter Sanken original SLA21-pin package (single in-line). Since power MOSFET external, possible optimize various output power requirements. STR-E1500 suitable down-sizing standardization power supply, because requires small number external components also offers easy circuit design. Also incorporated multi-mode control system DC/DC part,
select optimized operation mode automatically monitoring load condition. offers high efficiency noise power supply system.
Features
(PFC controller, DC/DC controller, Start-Up Circuit)
600-high voltage process adapted chip controller Integrated control block
Critical Conduction Mode Control Built-in Multiplier with Input Voltage Compensation Built-in High Speed Over-Voltage Protection Circuit (Non-Latch Mode) Built-in Pulse Pulse Over-Current Protection with Auto Input Voltage Compensation
High Efficiency DC-DC Control Block
DC/DC Control Block with Multi-Mode Control High efficiency Noise Multi-Mode Control Quasi-Resonant Middle Heavy Load (100kHz typ.) with Frequency Jittering Light Middle Load Frequency Operation Load Extremely Light Load Mixed Mode Control realize stable operation throughout heavy load condition
DC/DC Harmonized Operation
Optimized start-up sequence built-in Start-Up circuit Auto-Standby Function stop operation automatically standby (with adjustable Delay-Timer external capacitor) Auto-Standby with Input Voltage Compensation standby Auto-Bias function avoid frequency operation
Sufficient Protection Function
Pulse Pulse Over Current Protection High Speed Over-Voltage Protection Block) Over-Load Protection Input Power Suppression System intermittent operation Thermal Protection "External Latch Protection (ELP)" imposing external signals MultFP terminal
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STR-E1500 Family Application Note
STR-E1500 Family Line-Up
Type STR-E1555 STR-E1565 Internal MOSFET 650V 800V Part (totalOutput Power
Included DC/DC Output Power
DC/DC Part Output Power 200W
200W
Output power DC/DC Block reference value when operated quasi-resonant heavy load.
Package information
31.0 ±0.2 24.4 ±0.2 16.4 ±0.2 gate burr
(heatsink flange)
3.2±0.15X3.8
±0.2 ±0.1
12.9 ±0.2
±0.2
±0.2
17.9 ±0.6
3.2±0.15 2MAX
±0.5
2.45 ±0.2
(Dimensions from root)
4-(R1) R-end 0.65 +0.2 -0.1 20xP1.43±0.5=28.6±1 (Dimensions between tips) 0.55 +0.2 -0.1 ±0.7 (Dimensions between tips)
31.3 ±0.2 (burr included)
decunted
Material terminalCu Treatment terminalNi platingSolder dipPb free WeightApprox 5.6g
1Package outlines 21-Pin Package
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4.2MIN
STR-E1500 Family Application Note
Block Diagram
Startup
UVLO
Reg.
Autobias
Latch
Startup Control
Reg.
Internal Bias
Drain
Delay Logic
Zero Current Detector
Internal Bias
PFCout
Logic
Frequency Jittering
Source
Current Detector Drain Signal Adding Circuit
PFB/OVP
Multiplier,Error Amp,OVP
Input Compensator
Flyback Voltage Detector
Signal Detector
COMP
MultFP
2Block Diagram
Function each terminals
Terminal 1819 2021 Symbol Startup PFCout PFB/OVP COMP MultFP DDout Source Drain Function Input startup current part Output gate drive signal MOSFET part Input zero cross detection signal Input drain current sense signal part Input control signal constant voltage part, Input over voltage protection signal part, Compensation input part Output Error Amp.,phase compensation Ground control part Input multiplier PFC,Input alteration signal frequency part,Input alteration signal output voltage part, Compensation input PFC, Input latch signal part delay time adjust Input bottom detection part Input over current detection signal part Input control signal constant voltage part Input power supply control part Output gate drive signal MOSFET part(pin cut) MOSFET Source part MOSFET Drain part
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STR-E1500 Family Application Note
Electrical Characteristics (Typical example STR-E1565)
Absolute Maximum Ratings(Ta=25)
Parameter Terminal 21-17 21-17 21-17 15-9 10-9 Symbol IDpeak IDMAX ImultFp Vstartup VPFB/OVP IPFB/OVP IZCD(I) IZCD(O) IoPFC(source) IoPFC(sink) VDFB IDFB VOCP
Ratings 0.3600 0.510 0.57 0.515 0.57 0.57 +125 +125 +150
Unit
Note Single Pulse Ta=-20+125 Single Pulse
Drain current Maximum switching current Single pulse avalanche energy Input voltage control part MultFP terminal input current Startup terminal voltage terminal voltage PFB/OVP terminal voltage PFB/OVP terminal input current terminal input current terminal output current PFCout terminal source current PFCout terminal sink current terminal input voltage terminal output current terminal input voltage terminal input voltage Power dissipation MOSFET Power dissipation control part(MIC) Operating ambient temperature Storage temperature Channel temperature
VDD=30V,L=10mH ILpeak=5.4A
14-9 13-9 12-9
With infinite heatsink Without heatsink
Tstg
Electrical Characteristics Control PartVcc=20V,Ta=25 unless otherwise specified Total device part
Parameter Terminal 15-9 15-9 15-9 15-9 15-9
7.2.1
Symbol Vcc(ON) Vcc(OFF) Icc(ON) Icc(OFF) Vcc(La.off) Vcc(La.on)
Rating 14.5 16.0 17.5 10.5 11.5 1200
Unit
Operation start voltage Operation stop voltage Circuit current operation Circuit current non-operation Latch circuit release voltage Input voltage latch circuit operated Latch circuit sustaining current
15-9 15-9
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STR-E1500 Family Application Note
Startup circuit Bias current startup terminal when startup circuit operated Latch threshold voltage MultFP terminal Restart power supply voltage Auto bias voltage Vcc(RS)Vcc(La.off) Vcc(OFF)Vmult(La) Thermal shutdown operating temperature 10-9 15-9 15-9 Istartup Istartup(off) Vmult(La) Vcc(RS) Vcc(BIAS) 10.1 11.0 11.8
latch circuit means circuit operated external signal over Latch threshold voltage MultFP terminal.
7.2.2
part
Parameter Terminal 10-9 Symbol VPFB(Hi) IPFB(B) Icomp(SOU) Icomp(SIN) Vcomp(H) Vcomp(Hgl) VPFB(th) Imult(B) VZCD VZCD VZCD VZCD tDLY VCSMAX th1) VCSMAX VPFB(DD VPFCOUT VPFCOUTUVLO Rating 3.905 4.14 0.53 -8.0 1.18 0.60 10.2 4.000 4.27 0.63 16.9 1.37 0.66 11.8 4.056 4.40 0.77 25.0 1.52 0.73 Unit
PFB/OVP terminal threshold voltage(Hi) PFB/OVP terminal input bias current COMP terminal source current COMP terminal sink current COMP terminal voltage COMP terminal voltage Over voltage detective input threshold voltage MultFP terminal input bias current Multiplier Gain Zero Current Detective threshold voltage Zero Current Detective hysteresis Zero Current Detective clamp voltage Zero Current Detective clamp voltage Restart delay time terminal input bias current terminal input offset voltage Maximum current sense input threshold voltage(when compensation operated) Maximum current sense input threshold voltage(when compensation operated) PFB/OVP terminal threshold voltage Operation start signal PFCout terminal output voltage Operation Voltage UVLO
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STR-E1500 Family Application Note
7.2.3
Part
Rating Parameter Terminal 16-9 16-9 16-9 16-9 input threshold 12-9 12-9 13-9 13-9 13-9 16-9 16-9 16-9 16-9 16-9 11-9 11-9 11-9 11-9 14-9 14-9 16-9 Symbol fosc(1) fosc(2) TON(MAX1) TON(MAX2) VOCP(1) VOCP(2) IOCP(B) TON(STBMIN1) TON(STBMIN2) TON(STBout1) TON(STBout2) VPFB( STB) IDLPL IDLPH VDLPL VDLPH ICONST VOLP VDDOUT 0.67 0.70 0.54 1.50 11.7 10.7 0.76 0.76 0.60 1.85 12.5 11.7 0.84 0.82 0.66 2.20 Unit
Oscillation frequency Oscillation frequency Maximum Maximum Bottom voltage time(1) time(2) terminal
detective
Bottom detective terminal input bias current terminal detective voltage(1) terminal detective voltage(2) terminal input bias current Standby operation start on-time Minimum on-time Standby operation Minimum on-time Standby operation Standby operation Release on-time(1) Standby operation Release on-time(2) Standby detective voltage input compensation terminal constant current terminal constant current terminal threshold voltage changed over terminal threshold voltage changed over terminal constant current terminal threshold voltage terminal output voltage
Electrical characteristics MOSFET(Ta=25)
Parameter Drain-to-Source breakdown voltage Drain leakage current On-resistance Switching time Thermal resistance Terminal 21-17 21-17 21-17 21-17 Symbol VDSS IDSS RDS(ON) ch-F Rating Unit
Between channel internal frame
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AW04 2kV/470p 630V/4700p SARS03 35V/1000 1.5k 50V/0.022 1W/330k RC51 FMX-33S 1.5M SE024N 2SK1181 3W/0.68 3W/0.68 Vz=27V 450V/220 560k FMX-G26S
EM2A 1kV/470p
RBV-606
CN51 24V/4.2A
Typical Application
85V264V
AL01Z 50V/100p
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CN52 12V/0.05A
2kV/470p
220k
Startup
PFB/OVP
220k
50V/470p
STR-E1565
25V/220
Standard Circuit (Example)
Page10
2W/0.12
PFCout COMP MultFP
4.7k 50V/0.01
50V/470p 50V/0.01 50V/0.47
0.68 50V/0.01 35V/100 AW04 AL01Z 0.5W/4.7
3.3k
16V/10
STR-E1500 Family Application Note
50V/10p 6.8k
AL01Z
STR-E1500 Family Application Note
Explanation Block
Critical Conduction Mode critical conduction Mode PFC, inductor current always operates boundary between continuous discontinuous mode, operation mode that reduces switching loss well suppressing switching noise. STR-E1500, detects zero current monitoring signal from auxiliary winding coil inductor current Terminal (Pin controls that inductor current always operates boundary. Also, turns MOSFET bottom drain voltage (bottom-on switching) detecting falling edge auxiliary winding voltage terminal (refer 11-1). Thus, STR-E1500 realizes reduction switching loss noise system zero current switching (Id) bottom-on switching. Also, since STR-E1500 incorporated with constant voltage control circuit block, provides stable output voltage load conditions adding resistor PFB/OVP terminal (refer 11-2).
Drain Current
Coil Current
Discontinuous
Fig4Continuous Discontinuous Mode
Drain Current Coil Current
Critical Point
Fig5Critical Conduction Mode
input Voltage
Vds:100V/div
Bottom
Gate Drive
Zero Current Switching
Inductor Average Current
Ids:2A/div
5uS/div
6PFC Inductor Current
Fig7 Waveform MOSFET (Vds,
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STR-E1500 Family Application Note
Explanation DC/DC Block
Multi-mode Control DC/DC block STR-E1500 family Fly-Back Type converter, incorporates multi-mode control that selects optimized operation mode automatically monitoring load condition. operation modes each load condition described heavy load condition operates quasi-resonant reduce switching noise switching loss. middle load condition operates (100kHz) with frequency jittering. And, when load gets lower (standby operation), switched frequency operation mode automatically. frequency operation, operation stops automatically order lower power consumption standby. Since delay time stop operation (when operation mode moved frequency operation) adding external capacitor, possible suppress magnetizing noise from inductor continuing operation certain period, when dynamic load change happens frequently between light heavy load condition (refer 11.6).
Frequency Mode
VDS:200V/div
Mode (Frequency Jitter)
VDS:200V/div
Quasi-Resonant Mode
VDS:200V/div
250uS/div DS:1A/div
2uS/div DS:1A/div
DS:1A/div
2.5uS/div
Light Load
Middle Load
Fig8Operation mode each load condition
Heavy Load
itching Frequency
Frequency Jittering
Input pensation
DC/DC Output Power with Freq. Jitter Freq. PFCOFF Quasi-Resonant
Nominal DC/DC State
State
9Multi-mode control operation mode transition
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STR-E1500 Family Application Note
11Description FunctionsPFC Block
11.1 Terminal (Pin4) terminal input zero current detection. switching block starts operation when zero current signal imposed terminal. When peak inductor current reaches threshold output internal multiplier, MOSFET turns off. terminal detects inductor current indirectly monitoring that auxiliary winding (Ns) voltage inductor drops lower than threshold voltage VZCD(th). After turn-off MOSFET, when auxiliary winding voltage exceeds VZCD(th)=1.6V(typ), recognizes start off-period. Then, when drops VCZD(th)-VZCD(HIS), next cycle will initiated. order avoid malfunction, 0.19V hysteresis VZCS(HIS) added VZCD. terminal protected clamping methods. VZCD(HC)=6.6V(TYP) avoid over-voltage, VZCD(LC)=0.63V(TYP) prevent negative voltage being imposed terminal (refer 11). Since current limitation required this terminal, necessary select resistor that terminal input current IZCD5mA.
STR-E1500
Fig10. Auxiliary winding zero current detection
PFCVds(200V/div)
VZCD(2V/div)
11.2 PFB/OVP Terminal (Pin PFB/OVP terminal constant voltage control output zero voltage detection. threshold constant voltage control VPFB(Hi)=4V(TYP). threshold high speed VPFB(th)=4.27V(TYP). Since block boost chopper type, inductance value boost inductor low, there possibility that output voltage increases. However, STR-E1500, prevented negative feedback constant voltage control over-voltage protection. Also, this terminal used start-up sequence. After input, output voltage starts rising, when PFB/OVP terminal voltage reaches VPFB(DDON)=3.2V DC/DC block starts operation. Since this terminal voltage decided resistive divider, output voltage 380V, DC/DC block starts operation when output voltage reaches about 302V. external resistors, recommended high stability resistors such metal oxide film resistors, because high resistance value resistors required. Also, since this terminal used input error amplifier constant voltage control, capacitor required filtering, avoid unstable operation caused noise. Usually, 100pF capacitor sufficient. problems such abnormal oscillation happen, operation will stabilized increasing capacitor value. Since affects transient response PFC, recommended adjust smallest possible capacitance. 11.3 MultFP Terminal (Pin MultFP terminal input built-in multiplier. Full-bridge rectified voltage divided resistive voltage divider, which inputted this terminal signal. This voltage waveform very important signal convert input current sinusoidal wave.
VinDC(100V/div) 1S/div
11Waveform terminal voltage <VinAC=100V Po(DC-DC)=50W>
Vout
1.5M STR-E1500
FB/OLP
560k *100p
output voltage detection circuit
Start
Gate Gate terminal Voltage
10V/div 200V/div Output Voltage
100mS/div
Startup Circuit Active
Start-up Sequence
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STR-E1500 Family Application Note
characteristics multiplier described
VinDC(50V/div)
220k 220k
STR-E1500
MultFP
MultFP terminal Voltage (1V/div)
3.3k
*0.01
5mS/div
Fig15. Representative circuit near MultFP Terminal Fig.14 Waveform MultFP Terminal <VinAC=100V Po(DC-DC)=50W>
Please refer value external components. recommended high stability resistors such metal oxide film resistors, because resistance high. recommended capacitance filtering capacitor between MultFP (Pin ground, because sinusoidal wave signal smoothed, results unstable operation. But, event malfunction caused noise, certain level capacitance required. examined with actual power supply.
VCOMP=6V
Multiplier output voltage
4.5V
VCOMP=COMP Terminal Voltage
3.5V
2.75V 2.5V 2.25V
MultFP Terminal Voltage
Characteristics Multiplier
((Latch shut- down using MultFP Terminal))
This terminal used latch trigger input. possible shut-down DC/DC blocks latch mode (ELP) imposing more than Vmult(La)=7.2V(TYP) this terminal from external circuit. Input current MultFP terminal 10mAMax
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STR-E1500 Family Application Note
11.4 Comp Terminal (Pin Comp terminal phase compensation block. external capacitor, operation stabilized adding higher value capacitor. But, required adjust capacitor value looking phase-shift (forward/ backwards). capacitor value example. required decide value confirming following does happen; Abnormal oscillation Start-up failure Malfunction dynamic load change Phase distortion current voltage This terminal outputs voltage corresponding threshold voltage terminal
Multiplier
Error Amp. PFB/OVP
STR-E1500
COMP *0.47
Comp Terminal
11.5 PFCout Terminal (Pin PFCout terminal output gate drive external MOSFET block. possible drive MOSFET directly, because output 300mA source 500mA sink. But, when difficult drive MOSFET directly depending characteristics MOSFET such Ciss, effective external buffer circuit.
Output
MOSFET (PFC Part)
Output
MOSFET (PFC Part)
Totem pole Circuit
STR-E1500
STR-E1500
Direct Drive (Ciss MOSFET: Small)
External Buffer Circuit (Ciss MOSFET: Large)
operation waveform drive FTO-3P size MOSFET Ciss=2000pF3000pF adding external buffer circuit. This reference operation waveform where switching speed reduced (both turn-on turn-off MOSFET) suppressing source sinks current reduce switching noise. Because switching speed switching loss relationship trade-off, recommended adjust value gate resistor with actual board.
Output Current (0.5A/div) Output Voltage (5V/div)
Drain Current (1A/div)
1S/div
Operation waveform with buffer circuit <VinAC=100V Po(DC-DC)=50W>
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STR-E1500 Family Application Note
11.6 Terminal (Pin load condition frequently fluctuates between minimum maximum dynamically normal operation, there possibility that noise from coil heard, because block repeats start-up stop-operation each time when DC/DC block goes into frequency operation. STR-E1500, possible avoid problem adding capacitor terminal. STR-E1500 detects timing when DC/DC goes into frequency operation, when load DC/DC block gets lower. Then, charges capacitor connected terminal internal constant current circuit, when terminal voltage reaches VDLPH=4.6V(TYP), DC/DC block goes into frequency operation same time stops operation. When load gets lower, while capacitor connected terminal charged IDLPH=40A(TYP), operation continues. same time, DC/DC block banned shift frequency operation mode, keeps operation. period which proportional capacitance, possible avoid audible noise from coil. Once load condition moves away from light load condition, capacitor terminal discharged internal discharging circuit before terminal voltage reaches VDLPH=4.6V(TYP).
STR-E1500
terminal 0.01F (reference)
External circuit Terminal
11.7 TerminalPin terminal detect drain current flow MOSFET block. inserting high surge energy capable resistor such metal plate resistor source MOSFET, drain current converted voltage, then signal inputted this terminal. order avoid unstable operation surge current from MOSFET turn-on, filter circuit inserted (the value shown reference). time constant filter circuit long, there possibility that peak current becomes large delay current detection. Therefore, recommended select smallest possible value filter circuit confirming with actual board that there malfunction. STR-E1500, order prevent excess power block AC200V input range, threshold voltage terminal (VCSMAX) automatically switched depending input voltage AC100V 1.4V AC200V 0.65V value sense resistor decided AC100V input range VCSMAX(th1). Example: peak=8A, 1.4/8A 0.175 0.15 When envelope curve drain current block observed, sine wave like input current. waveform current sine wave peak instantaneous value input voltage because current limitation, peak reach threshold voltage terminal (VCSMAX). Therefore, necessary re-confirmed reducing value sense resistor shows operational waveform normal operation when does reach threshold voltage.
Output
MOSFET (PFC Part)
Current Detector
*100 filter
STR-E1500
*470pF
Circuit terminal (Reference)
terminal Voltage (0.5V/div)
VinDC (50V/div) PFCId (1A/div)
2S/div
Operational waveform Terminal
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STR-E1500 Family Application Note
Functions Each Terminal DC/DC Block
12.1 StartUp Terminal (Pin Terminal (Pin
terminal Voltage (10V/div)
#Typically, Connect output Startup Startup Circuit STR-E1500 Auxiliary Winding
*100220
DC/DC Output (5V/div)
Should located near terminal
500mS/div
Buck-up Circuit
Waveform Terminal start-up <VinAC=100V>
After input, electrolytic capacitor connected terminal charged internal start-up circuit constant current 5.6mA, starts operation Vcc16.2V(TYP). StartUp terminal connected terminal through start-up circuit, start-up circuit stops operation automatically when reaches VPFB(DD ON)=3.2V. Then, continues operation power supply from auxiliary winding transformer. Please refer following select auxiliary winding output voltage capacitance capacitor connected terminal.
Output voltage auxiliary winding: (Target), calculated from number turns secondary winding Vout capacitor value required 100F220F cope with rapid load changes including no-load light load condition.
12.2 Terminal (Pin terminal constant voltage feedback DC/DC block. negative feedback photo coupler. resistor capacitor shown phase compensation. high gain amplifier such shunt regulator used, operation stabilized inserting resistor capacitor shown Usually, operation stabilized with value shown But, recommended value confirming following; Regulation when load changes dynamically Abnormal oscillation high temperature terminal voltages fluctuates depending load condition. photo coupler short-circuited, output voltage from this terminal rises around 12V.
STR-E1500
*100
*0.1
Circuit near Terminal
STR-E1500
Source *100
12.3 Terminal (Pin 13), Source Terminal (Pin terminal detection over current. threshold voltage terminal VOCP(1)=0.76V/VOCP(2)=0.6V, VOCP(1) applicable STR-E1555V with output voltage boost ratio control function. STR-E1555 STR-E1565 without output voltage boost ratio control function, value sense resistor calculated from Rs=VOCP applying VOCP(2).
*100p
Circuit around Terminal
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STR-E1500 Family Application Note
12.4 Terminal (Pin
DC/DCVds (200V/div)
*68k AG01Z Auxiliary Winding *10p *6.8k
terminal Voltage (1V/div)
STR-E1500
DC/DCId (1A/div) 500nS/div
Bottom detection circuit
Operation waveform Terminal <VinAC=100V Po(DC-DC)=50W>
terminal detect quasi resonant signal. Quasi resonant match timing MOSFET turn-on bottom point voltage resonant waveform after transformer releases energy match cycle resonant-frequency. quasi resonant operation started inputting quasi resonant signal terminal. fly-back voltage generated auxiliary winding transformed quasi resonant signal resistive voltage divider. timing bottom point voltage resonant adjusted capacitor. circuit shown bottom detection circuit adjust bottom point. required adjust capacitor value that MOSFET turns bottom VDS, observing operation waveform actual board with actual load. threshold voltage terminal VBD(th)=0.76V(TYP). signal inputted this terminal does exceed threshold voltage, operation mode does shift quasi resonant operation continues 100kHz operation. Generally, pulse height quasi resonant signal around twice that threshold voltage. delay time, since there relationship
between transformer
DC/DC block element that corresponding capacitance voltage resonant capacitor, required secure about twice large signal amplitude against threshold voltage. same time, timing bottom-on that corresponding adjusted capacitor value quasi resonant circuit.
Example Application Circuit
13.1 Thermal shutdown using Latch Function MultFP Terminal
Inductor 1.2k Vz=16V 0.01
2.2M 2.2M
STR-E1500
Thermo switch
0.047
0.01
0.01
Fig.30
Thermal shutdown circuit using Latch Function MultFP Terminal
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STR-E1500 Family Application Note
circuit shown reference circuit Over Voltage Protection direct detection OVP/ Thermal Protection secondary side abnormal operation. possible detect output voltage directly. But, since high voltage, detects inductor auxiliary winding voltage that rectified smoothed, triggers MultFP terminal using terminal voltage. secondary detection OVP, similarly triggers MultFP terminal using terminal voltage through photo coupler.
13.2 Cancellation Function
STR-E1500
terminal voltage Internal regulator voltage =12V
VDFB
VOLP(MAX) =7.3V around 3.0V
*100
time Over Load Shut down
*0.1
Vz=6.2V
Typical Load
Fig.31 terminal voltage Overload condition
Operation Cancellation
shows state terminal over-load. When secondary side over-load feedback through photo coupler suspended, terminal voltage starts rising pull-up internal regulator. When terminal voltage reaches VOLP=6.5V(TYP), internal latch circuit starts operation. Then, both DC/DC blocks shut-down. possible cancel function adopting circuit shown case problem caused operation such cut-off input.
13.3 ON/OFF DC/DC Output
requires around Start-up STR-E1500 Startup A1020
4.7k 4.7k C1740S
Primary Auxiliary converter
Secondary Auxiliary converter
A933 2.2k
DC/DC Output ON/OFF
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Page19
STR-E1500 Family Application Note
STR-E1500, possible switch output DC/DC block grounding terminal. But, since power supply from auxiliary winding suspended, start-up circuit continues operation, results power loss. Even auxiliary power supply used standby, power loss inevitable. However, possible minimize power loss adopting circuit shown auxiliary winding added transformer auxiliary power supply supply power STR-E1500. Since STR-E1500 operated from start-up normal operation supply auxiliary winding voltage, switched ON/OFF switching ON/OFF output auxiliary winding. number turns auxiliary winding decided considering that terminal voltage required around start-up. Also, this case, Startup terminal short-circuited terminal, connect high voltage side.
13.4
Smoothing Capacitor Commutating Diode Block
VinDC Inductor
Commutating Diode
Vout
Toff
Outline Boost Chopper Type Operation
Smoothing Capacitor Block Select Output Sustaining Time possible calculate capacitance smoothing capacitor using following formula decided output sustaining time.
Vout Vop( Low)
Efficiency Block thOutput sustaining time DC/DC Block
PoOutput Power DC/DC Block VoutOutput Voltage Block
Vop(Low)Minimum input voltage DC/DC Block Ir1Ripple Current Block Iout(DC)DC output current
CoCapacitance Smoothing Capacitor
Select Ripple Current
Iout
Iout
Vout
Switching current primary side DC/DC block flows shows ripple current Ir2.
(total Ir12
effective value DC/DC Block
required select capacitor value using severest condition options. Commutating Diode Since STR-E1500 hybrid Critical Conduction Mode PFC, contrary Continuous Mode
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STR-E1500 Family Application Note
does require considering recovery loss delay turn-on. selected considering VRM, IFSM, (output current DC/DC block). Since output voltage 260V 400V usually, withstanding voltage diode 600V. selected considering commutating current normal operation inrush current when imposed. Finally, selected looking temperature rise.
Design Inductor Transformer
14.1 Inductor STR-E1500 Critical Conduction Mode PFC. Inductance (Lp) boundary current mode calculated with following formula.
VinAC (min) VinAC (min)
VinAC (min)
Time cycle
Output voltage Block
Output power block
Efficiency block usually around Peak inductor current
VinAC(min) Minimum input voltage
Peak drain current Inductance Inductor
(time cycle) T=20S15S practical use. time switching frequency around 50kHz70kHz. possible reduce inductance (Lp) down-size inductor increasing switching frequency. But, switching loss turn-off increased according higher frequency operation. number turns main inductor winding (Np) calculated from following formula.
Value
AL-value selected that magnetic saturation caused, considering NI(AT) value that calculated from ILp. calculated value within AL-value characteristics curve. selection ferrite core satisfy relationship AL-value considered design margin such temperature rise other tolerances. recommended calculated value that around margin against limit linear curve core data. Table1. Example calculation
Input Value VinAC(min) AL-Value Calculated Value Iin(Ave)
nH/N
4.44 379.04 193.15
Limit (AT)
2.22
table left example calculation following each formula. output voltage: 400V output power: 120W
AL-value (nH/N2)
Al-Value characteristics (reference figure)
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STR-E1500 Family Application Note
Core Inductor discontinuous mode critical conduction mode, inductor current operated between zero peak. Toroidal coils made from dust-core amorphous alloy. Even though centre added, current waveform distorted, because superimposed inductance characteristics flat. Also, STR-E1500 requires zero current detection winding (ZCD winding), recommended transformer type ferrite core such type, which superimposed inductance characteristics flat. winding, usually voltage amplitude around 30V, that happens off-time MOSFET block. setting above table taken example, number turns winding (Ns) 4turn (NsT), because calculated from Np=44.
Winding Material Since inductor primary circuit, sufficient with basic insulation additional insulation. But, recommended litz wire main winding skin effect. winding, there problem with conventional wire. 14.2 Transformer DC/DC Block When bottom detection function terminal used, operated quasi resonant heavy load condition. required compensate duty period that turn-on delayed. calculated from following formula duty described
(VIN
Minimum oscillation frequency (Hz)
Duty minimum input voltage
efficiency transformer =0.9 when output voltage high, 0.750.85When output voltage Cycle Ratio Capacitance Voltage Resonant Capacitor Maximum output power Primary Inductance
VIN: voltage after input rectified smoothed, input voltage (Smoothing capacitor terminal voltage)
Also, each parameter such peak drain current calculated from following formula.
VinDC (min)
Value
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STR-E1500 Family Application Note
Min. Oscillation Freq.(Hz) Average input current Duty
efficiency converter around 0.85 Peak switching current
Primary inductance
VinDC(min) Min. input voltage
Compensated Duty
Input voltage duty Output voltage Number turns 2ndary winding Delay Time
Max. output power secondary diode
Number turns primary winding Capacitance resonant Cap.(F)
Table2Example calculation Vo=12VPo=120W
Input Item VinAC(Min) VinDC(Min) Fsw(Min) AL-Value Input Value 108.2 0.85 0.57 nH/N
Unit
Calculated Item Ns/Np
Calculated Value 238.3 1.05 0.54 1.30 4.83 34.52 3.11 5.96 0.09
Unit
Note transformer designed operation used quasi resonant operation, required make sure that there problem with actual board peak DC/DC times number turns winding) value relationship, because switching frequency reduced quasi resonant operation.
Winding Methods (Structure) winding method (structure) same conventional type. Since previously mentioned transformer calculation example output voltage, required suppress surge voltage turn-off MOSFET reviewing coupling between primary secondary winding. Therefore, recommended adopt sandwich structure primary secondary winding. Also, required have sufficient creepage distance between primary secondary winding depending required safety regulation. also recommended operate higher input voltage (which boosted PFC) than VinAC
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STR-E1500 Family Application Note
Other Instructions
15.1 Pattern Layout Printed Circuit Board Filter
STR-E1500
Drain
Main Loop Signal
High current loop
Pattern Layout Since high current flows main loop highlighted required draw pattern thick short possible. order avoid interference between DC/DC block, required have same impedance pattern that switching current flows directly. blue dotted lines ground signal side, high current such switching current, does flow. But, also required signal ground lines have lowest possible impedance order avoid interference between DC/DC block. terminals control part high impedance input. This minimize power consumption control part. Therefore, required make sure that these terminals pick noises. capacitors around also required connect ground side capacitors close possible terminal Please note that these patterns cross just underneath inductor transformer, cause problems leakage flux.
Pattern Layout (Reference)
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STR-E1500 Family Application Note
reference printed circuit board pattern that designed operation confirmation purpose. single-sided board, mount surface mount components been considered. output power, around 200W output 100W DC/DC block possible supply balance 100W output power with other outputs). ferrite core with used inductor transformer DC/DC block. Usually, heat sink attached MOSFET STR-E1500. heat sink floated, likely affected noises stray capacitance between drain internal MOSFET heat sink. And, there possibility that heat sink radiates noise aerial. Therefore, recommended connect either side heat sink stable electric potential such negative side electrolytic capacitor (output PFC, input DC/DC block). Noise Low-Pass Filter STR-E1500 Critical Conduction Mode PFC. Critical Conduction Mode Discontinuous Mode PFC, recommended adopt low-pass filter, (which consists normal mode coil, film capacitor, etc) eliminate high frequency elements from waveform input current.
inductor current fluctuates zero peak Critical Conduction Mode PFC, average current input about half peak current.
Side
Critical Conduction Mode PFC, principal there possibility that superimposed high frequency elements remain current waveform power frequency. that case, there possibility that conduction noise worse high frequency band that underlying wave oscillation frequency block. recommended eliminate high frequency elements composing normal mode filter addition common mode filter. operational waveforms when low-pass filter added. filter that consists 100H normal mode coil 0.47F capacitor. actual waveforms like ones noises observed current waveform high instantaneous value input voltage, high frequency elements eliminated completely. Therefore, required review noise filter.
Side
Low-Pass Filter
Operational Waveform with low-pass filter AC100V input
Operational Waveform with low-pass filterat AC200V input
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STR-E1500 Family Application Note
15.2 Releasing Latch Shut-Down Restart
required re-start power supply with following procedure when shut-down triggering MultFP terminal. Latch Trigger Shut-down (Oscillation suspended) input cut-off drops VccLatch circuit release voltage Possible re-start case time period re-start power supply long against power supply requirement, required solution discharge back-up capacitor terminal compellingly.
drops UVLO(9.7V TYP) Restart Power Supply Voltage (7.8VTYP)
Latch Circuit Release Voltage (7.2V TYP) Possible re-start sequence start-up circuit, possible restart power supply moment when terminal voltage drops lower than Operation Stop Voltage Vcc(OFF). start-up circuit initialized operate, when restart voltage start-up circuit under Vcc(OFF) terminal voltage drops Restart Power Supply Voltage Vcc(RS). possible restart when Vcc<Latch Circuit Release Voltage.
15.3
Input power suppression system
operated intermittent mode over load condition DC/DC block, switching over-heated short burst cycle, when input voltage high. But, STR-E1500, since hysteresis between Operation Stop Voltage Vcc(OFF) Restart Power Supply Voltage Vcc(RS), burst cycle extended compellingly. Thus, temperature-rise STR-E1500 minimized intermittent operation. Please note that discharging period back-up capacitor terminal (C15) slow time period above mentioned there possibility that does respond/ re-start depending timing ON/OFF, when ON/OFF test conducted. But, after certain period, terminal voltage drops Restart Power Supply Voltage Vcc(RS). Then, possible re-start power supply.
terminal voltage
Operation start voltage:Vcc(ON)
Operation stop voltage:Vcc(OFF)
Restart power supply voltage:Vcc(RS)
Input power suppression system time
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STR-E1500 Family Application Note
<Worldwide Contacts> Asia Pacific
China Sanken Electric Hong Kong Co., Ltd. Suite 1026 Ocean Centre, Canton Road, Tsimshatsui, Kowloon, Hong Kong Tel: 852-2735-5262 Fax: 852-2735-5494
Sanken Electric (Shanghai) Co., Ltd. Room3202, Maxdo Centre, Xingyi Road Changning district, Shanghai, China Tel: 86-21-5208-1177 Fax: 86-21-5208-1757 Taiwan Sanken Electric Co., Ltd. Room 1801, 18th Floor, Jung Shiau East Road, Sec. Taipei 100, Taiwan R.O.C. Tel: 886-2-2356-8161 Fax: 886-2-2356-8261
India Saket Devices Pvt. Ltd. Office No.13, First Floor, Bandal Dhankude Plaza, Near Depot, Paud Road, Kothrud, Pune 038, India Tel: 91-20-5621-2340 91-20-2528-5449 Fax: 91-20-2528-5459 Japan Sanken Electric Co., Ltd. Overseas Sales Headquaters Metropolitan Plaza Bldg. 1-11-1 Nishi-Ikebukuro, Toshima-ku, Tokyo 171-0021, Japan Tel: 81-3-3986-6164 Fax: 81-3-3986-8637 Korea Sanken Electric Korea Co., Ltd. Mirae Asset Life Bldg. Kongduk-dong, Mapo-ku, Seoul, 121-705, Korea Tel: 82-2-714-3700 Fax: 82-2-3272-2145 Singapore Sanken Electric Singapore Pte. Ltd. Beach Road, #14-03 Gateway West, Singapore 189720 Tel: 65-6291-4755 Fax: 65-6297-1744
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STR-E1500 Family Application Note
Europe
United Kingdom
Sanken Power Systems (UK) Limited Pencoed Technology Park, Pencoed, Bridgend CF35 5HY. Tel: 44-1656-869-100 Fax: 44-1656-869-162
North America
United States
Allegro MicroSystems, Inc. Northeast Cutoff, Worcester, Massachusetts 01606, U.S.A. Tel: 1-508-853-5000 Fax: 1-508-853-3353
Allegro MicroSystems, Inc. (Southern California) Hughes Street, Suite B105, Irvine, 92618 Tel: 1-949-460-2003 Fax: 1-949-460-7837
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Sanken Electric Co., STR-E1500 Family Application Note /////

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