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AGX52010-1.1 ArriaGX devices have dedicated digital signal proces
Top Searches for this datasheetBlocks Arria Devices AGX52010-1.1 ArriaGX devices have dedicated digital signal processing (DSP) blocks optimized applications requiring high data throughput. These blocks combined with flexibility programmable logic devices (PLDs), provide with ability implement various high performance functions easily. Complex systems such CDMA2000, voice over Internet protocol (VoIP), high-definition television (HDTV) require high performance blocks process data. These system designs typically blocks finite impulse response (FIR) filters, complex filters, fast Fourier transform (FFT) functions, discrete cosine transform (DCT) functions, correlators. Arria blocks consist combination dedicated blocks that perform multiplication, addition, subtraction, accumulation, summation operations. configure these blocks implement arithmetic functions like multipliers, multiply-adders multiplyaccumulators which necessary most functions. Along with blocks, TriMatrixmemory structures Arria devices also support various soft multiplier implementations. combination soft multipliers dedicated blocks increases number multipliers available Arria devices provides with wide variety implementation options flexibility when designing your systems. more information about Arria devices respectively, Arria Device Family Data Sheet volume Arria Device Handbook. Each Arria device four columns blocks that efficiently implement multiplication, multiply-accumulate (MAC) multiply-add functions. Figure 10-1 shows arrangement block columns with surrounding LABs. Each block configured support: Block Overview Eight 9-bit multipliers Four 18-bit multipliers 36-bit multiplier Altera Corporation August 2007 10-1 Preliminary Blocks Arria Devices Figure 10-1. Blocks Arranged Columns with Adjacent LABs Block Column Rows Block multipliers then feed adder accumulator block within block. Arria device multipliers support rounding saturation Q1.15 input formats. block also input registers that configured operate shift register chain efficient implementation functions such filters. accumulator within block initialized value supports rounding saturation Q1.15 input formats multiplier. single block broken down operate different configuration modes simultaneously. more information Q1.15 formatting, section "Saturation Rounding" page 10-11. 10-2 Arria Device Handbook, Volume Altera Corporation August 2007 Block Overview number blocks column number columns available increases with device density. Table 10-1 shows number blocks each Arria device multipliers that implement. Table 10-1. Number Blocks Arria Devices Note Device EP1AGX20C EP1AGX35C/D EP1AGX50C/D EP1AGX60C/D/E EP1AGX90E Note Table 10-1: Each device either number 18-, 36-bit multipliers shown. total number multipliers each device multipliers. Blocks Multipliers Multipliers Multipliers addition block multipliers, Arria device's TriMatrix memory blocks soft multipliers. availability soft multipliers increases number multipliers available within device. Table 10-2 shows total number multipliers available Arria devices using blocks soft multipliers. Table 10-2. Number Multipliers Arria Devices Device EP1AGX20C EP1AGX35C/D EP1AGX50C/D EP1AGX60C/D/E Blocks Soft Multipliers (1), Total Multipliers (3), (3.55) (3.18) (2.94) (2.65) Altera Corporation August 2007 10-3 Arria Device Handbook, Volume Blocks Arria Devices Table 10-2. Number Multipliers Arria Devices Device EP1AGX90E Notes Table 10-2: Soft multipliers implemented multiplication mode. blocks configured with 18-bit data widths coefficients 18-bits. Soft multipliers only implemented M512 TriMatrix memory blocks, M-RAM blocks. number parentheses represents increase factor, which total number multipliers with soft multipliers divided number multipliers supported blocks only. total number multipliers vary according multiplier mode used. Blocks Soft Multipliers (1), Total Multipliers (3), (2.84) Refer Arria Architecture chapter volume Arria Device Handbook more information about Arria TriMatrix memory blocks. Refer 306: Implementing Multipliers FPGA Devices more information soft multipliers. 10-4 Arria Device Handbook, Volume Altera Corporation August 2007 Block Overview Figure 10-2 shows block configured multiplier mode. Figure 10-2. Block Mode Optional Serial Shift Register Inputs from Previous Block Adder Output Block Multiplier Block Q1.15 Round/ Saturate Output Selection Multiplexer CLRN From interface block CLRN CLRN Optional Stage Configurable Accumulator Dynamic Adder/Subtractor Adder/ Subtractor/ Accumulator Q1.15 Round/ Saturate Q1.15 Round/ Saturate CLRN CLRN Summation Block Adder CLRN CLRN Q1.15 Round/ Saturate CLRN CLRN CLRN Summation Stage Adding Four Multipliers Together Adder/ Subtractor/ Accumulator Q1.15 Round/ Saturate Q1.15 Round/ Saturate CLRN Optional Serial Shift Register Outputs Next Block Column CLRN Optional Pipline Register Stage CLRN Optional Input Register Stage with Parallel Input Shift Register Configuration MultiTrack Interconnect Altera Corporation August 2007 10-5 Arria Device Handbook, Volume Blocks Arria Devices Figure 10-3 shows multiplier configuration block. Figure 10-3. Block Mode CLRN CLRN CLRN Adder/ Subtractor/ CLRN CLRN CLRN Summation CLRN CLRN CLRN Adder/ Subtractor/ CLRN CLRN CLRN Output Selection Multiplexer CLRN CLRN CLRN CLRN Adder/ Subtractor/ CLRN CLRN CLRN Summation CLRN CLRN CLRN Adder/ Subtractor/ CLRN CLRN CLRN MultiTrack Interconnect 10-6 Arria Device Handbook, Volume Altera Corporation August 2007 Architecture Architecture block consists following elements: multiplier block adder/subtractor/accumulator block summation block Input output interfaces Input output registers Multiplier Block Each multiplier block following elements: Input registers multiplier block rounding and/or saturation stage Q1.15 input formats pipeline output register Figure 10-4 shows multiplier block architecture. Figure 10-4. Multiplier Block Architecture mult_round mult_saturate signa signb aclr[3.0] shiftinb clock[3.0] shiftina ena[3.0] sourcea Data Q1.15 Round/ Saturate Data CLRN CLRN sourceb Data CLRN Pipeline Register Output Register mult_is_saturated CLRN Multiplier Block Block shiftoutb shiftouta Notes Figure 10-4: These signals registered registered once match data path pipeline. send these signals through either pipeline registers. rounding and/or saturation only supported 18-bit signed multiplication Q1.15 inputs. Altera Corporation August 2007 10-7 Arria Device Handbook, Volume Blocks Arria Devices Input Registers Each multiplier operand feed input register directly multiplier. following block signals control each input register within block: clock[3.0] ena[3.0] aclr[3.0] input registers feed multiplier drive dedicated shift output lines, shiftouta shiftoutb. dedicated shift outputs from multiplier block directly feed input registers adjacent multiplier below within same block first multiplier next block form shift register chain, shown Figure 10-5. dedicated shift register chain spans single column longer shift register chains requiring multiple columns implemented using regular FPGA routing resources. Therefore, this shift register chain length registers largest member Arria device family. Shift registers useful functions such filters. When implementing multipliers, need external logic create shift register chain because input shift registers internal block. This implementation significantly reduces resources required, avoids routing congestion, results predictable timing. Arria blocks allow dynamically select whether particular multiplier operand regular data input dedicated shift register input using sourcea sourceb signals. logic value sourcea signal indicates that data dedicated scan-chain; logic value indicates that regular data input. This feature allows implementation dynamically loadable shift register where shift register operates normally using scan-chains also loaded dynamically parallel using data input value. Figure 10-5 shows shift register chain. 10-8 Arria Device Handbook, Volume Altera Corporation August 2007 Architecture Figure 10-5. Shift Register Chain Note Block Data CLRN Q1.15 Round/ Saturate A[n] B[n] CLRN Data CLRN shiftoutb shiftouta Q1.15 Round/ Saturate CLRN CLRN CLRN shiftoutb shiftouta Block CLRN Q1.15 Round/ Saturate CLRN CLRN shiftoutb shiftouta Note Figure 10-5: Either Data Data input parallel input constant coefficient multiplication. Altera Corporation August 2007 10-9 Arria Device Handbook, Volume Blocks Arria Devices Table 10-3 shows summary input register modes block. Table 10-3. Input Register Modes Register Input Mode Parallel input Shift register input Multiplier Stage multiplier stage supports multipliers well other smaller multipliers between these configurations. "Operational Modes" page 10-19 details. Depending data width multiplier, single block perform many multiplications parallel. Each multiplier operand unique signed unsigned number. signals, signa signb, control representation each operand respectively. logic value signa signal indicates that data signed number while logic value indicates unsigned number. Table 10-4 shows sign multiplication result various operand sign representations. result multiplication signed operands signed value. Table 10-4. Multiplier Sign Representation Data (signa Value) Unsigned (logic Unsigned (logic Signed (logic Signed (logic Data (signb Value) Unsigned (logic Signed (logic Unsigned (logic Signed (logic Result Unsigned Signed Signed Signed There only signa signb signal each block. Therefore, data inputs feeding same block must have same sign representation. Similarly, data inputs feeding same block must have same sign representation. multiplier offers full precision regardless sign representation. When signa signb signals unused, Quartus® software sets multiplier perform unsigned multiplication default. 10-10 Arria Device Handbook, Volume Altera Corporation August 2007 Architecture Saturation Rounding blocks have hardware support perform optional saturation rounding after each multiplier Q1.15 input formats. Designs must multipliers saturation rounding options because Q1.15 input format requires 16-bit input widths. Q1.15 input format multiplication requires signed multipliers. most significant (MSB) Q1.15 input format represents value's sign bit. signed multipliers ensure proper sign extension during multiplication. Q1.15 format uses bits represent each fixed point input. sign bit, remaining 15-bits used represent value after decimal place fractional value). This Q1.15 value equivalent integer number representation 16-bits divided 215, shown following equations. 0000 0000 0000 0x4000 0x1000 0000 0000 0000 Q1.15 numbers between When performing multiplication, even though Q1.15 input only uses multiplier inputs, entire 18-bit input transmitted multiplier. This similar 1.17 input, where least significant bits (LSBs) always multiplier output will 2.34 value bits total) before performing rounding saturation. MSBs sign bits. Since output only requires sign bit, ignore MSBs, resulting Q1.34 value before rounding saturation. When design performs saturation, multiplier output gets saturated 0x7FFFFFFF 1.31 format. This uses bits [34.3] overall 36-bit multiplier output. three LSBs block obtains mult_is_saturated accum_is_saturated overflow signal value from multiplier accumulator output. Therefore, whenever saturation occurs, multiplier accumulator output sends Altera Corporation August 2007 10-11 Arria Device Handbook, Volume Blocks Arria Devices mult_is_saturated accum_is_saturated overflow signal. other times, this overflow signal when saturation enabled reflects value multiplier accumulator output. When design performs rounding, adds 0x00008000 1.31 format multiplier output, only uses bits [34.15] overall 36-bit multiplier output. Adding 0x00008000 1.31 format 36-bit multiplier result equivalent adding 0004 0000 2.34 format. LSBs Figure 10-6 shows which bits used when design performs rounding saturation multiplication. 10-12 Arria Device Handbook, Volume Altera Corporation August 2007 Architecture Figure 10-6. Rounding Saturation Bits Multiplication Sign Bits LSBs Sign Bits Bits LSBs Sign Bits LSBs Saturated Output Result Sign Bits Bits LSBs 111000 Rounded Output Result Sign Bits Bits LSBs Sign Bits Bits Bits 0000 0000 000001 0000 0000 000000 LSBs Ignored 0000 0000 00000 Note Figure 10-6: Both sign bits same. design only uses sign bit, other ignored. design performs multiply_accumulate multiply_add operation, multiplier output input adder/subtractor/accumulator blocks 2.31 value, three LSBs Altera Corporation August 2007 10-13 Arria Device Handbook, Volume Blocks Arria Devices Pipeline Registers output from multiplier feed pipeline register this register bypassed. Pipeline registers implemented multiplier size increase block's maximum performance, especially when using subsequent block adder stages. Pipeline registers split long signal path between adder/subtractor/accumulator block adder/output block, creating shorter paths. Adder/Output Block adder/output block following elements: adder/subtractor/accumulator block summation block output select multiplexer Output registers adder/output block configured output interface accumulator which optionally loaded one-level adder two-level adder with dynamic addition/subtraction control first-level adder final stage 36-bit multiplier, complex multiplier, complex multiplier output select multiplexer sets output configuration block. output registers used register output adder/output block. adder/output block cannot used independently from multiplier. 10-14 Arria Device Handbook, Volume Altera Corporation August 2007 Architecture Figure 10-7 shows adder/output block architecture. Figure 10-7. Adder/Output Block Architecture adder1_round Accumulator Feedback Output Select Multiplexer Result accum_sload_upper_data accum_sload0 Adder/ Subtractor/ Accumulator overflow0 Output Registers addnsub1 Q1.15 Rounding Result signa Summation signb Result accum_sload_upper_data accum_sload1 Q1.15 Rounding Output Register Block addnsub3 Adder/ Subtractor/ Accumulator overflow1 Result adder3_round Accumulator Feedback Notes Figure 10-7: adder/output block mode. mode, there four adder/subtractor blocks summation blocks. send these signals through pipeline register. pipeline length Q1.15 inputs available modes. Adder/Subtractor/Accumulator Block adder/subtractor/accumulator block first level adder stage adder/output block. This block configured accumulator adder/subtractor. Altera Corporation August 2007 10-15 Arria Device Handbook, Volume Accumulator Accumulator When adder/subtractor/accumulator configured accumulator, output adder/output block feeds back accumulator shown Figure 10-7. accumulator perform addition only, subtraction only addnsub signal used dynamically control accumulation direction. logic value addnsub signal indicates that accumulator performing addition while logic value indicates subtraction. Each accumulator cleared either clearing block output register using accum_sload signal. accumulator clear using accum_sload signal independent from resetting output registers accumulation cleared begin without losing clock cycles. accum_sload signal controls feedback multiplexer that specifies that output multiplier should summed with zero instead accumulator feedback path. accumulator also initialized/preloaded with non-zero value using accum_sload signal accum_sload_upper_data with clock cycle latency. Preloading accumulator done adding result multiplier with value specified accum_sload_upper_data bus. case accumulator clearing, accum_sload signal specifies feedback multiplexer that accum_sload_upper_data signal should feed accumulator instead accumulator feedback signal. accum_sload_upper_data signal only loads upper 36-bits accumulator. load entire accumulator, value lower 16-bits must sent through multiplier feeding that accumulator with multiplier perform multiplication one. overflow signal will high positive edge clock when accumulator detects overflow underflow. overflow signal will stay high only clock cycle after overflow underflow detected even overflow underflow condition still present. latch external block used preserve overflow signal indefinitely until latch cleared. blocks support Q1.15 input format saturation rounding each accumulator. following signals available that control saturation rounding both performed output accumulator: accum_round accum_saturation accum_is_saturated output Altera Corporation August 2007 10-16 Arria Device Handbook, Volume Accumulator Each block sets accum_round accum_saturation signals which control rounding saturation performed accumulator output respectively (one signals each accumulator). Rounding saturation accumulator output only available when implementing multiplier-accumulator conform widths required Q1.15 input format computation. logic value accum_round accum_saturation signal indicates that rounding saturation performed while logic indicates that rounding saturation performed. logic value accum_is_saturated output signal tells that saturation occurred result accumulator. Figure 10-10 shows block configured perform multiplieraccumulator operations. Adder/Subtractor addnsub1 addnsub3 signals specify whether performing addition subtraction. logic value addnsub1 addnsub3 signals indicates that adder/subtractor performing addition while logic value indicates subtraction. These signals dynamically controlled using logic external block. first stage configured subtractor, output adder/subtractor block share same signa signb signals multiplier block. signa signb signals pipelined with latency clock cycles not. blocks support Q1.15 input format rounding (not saturation) after each adder/subtractor. addnsub1_round addnsub3_round signals determine rounding performed output adder/subtractor. addnsub1_round signal controls rounding adder/subtractor addnsub3_round signal controls rounding bottom adder/subtractor. Rounding adder output only available when implementing multiplier-adder conform widths required Q1.15 input format computation. logic value addnsub_round signal indicates that rounding performed while logic indicates that rounding performed. Summation Block output adder/subtractor block feeds optional summation block, which adder block that sums outputs both adder/subtractor blocks. summation block used when more than multiplier results summed. This useful applications such filtering. Altera Corporation August 2007 10-17 Arria Device Handbook, Volume Accumulator Output Select Multiplexer outputs different elements adder/output block routed through output select multiplexer. Depending operational mode block, output multiplexer selects whether outputs blocks comes from outputs multiplier block, outputs adder/subtractor/accumulator, output summation block. output select multiplier configuration automatically software, based block operational mode specify. Output Registers output registers register block output. following signals control each output register within block: clock[3.0] ena[3.0] aclr[3.0] output registers used block operational mode. output registers form part accumulator multiply-accumulate mode. Refer Arria Architecture chapter volume Arria Device Handbook more information block routing interface. Altera Corporation August 2007 10-18 Arria Device Handbook, Volume Operational Modes Operational Modes block used four basic operational modes, combination modes, depending application needs. Table 10-5 shows four basic operational modes number multipliers that implemented within single block depending mode. Table 10-5. Block Operational Modes Mode Number Multipliers Simple multiplier Eight multipliers with eight product outputs Four multipliers with four product outputs 52-bit multiplyaccumulate blocks multiplier Multiply accumulate Two-multiplier adder Four-multiplier adder Four two-multiplier two-multiplier adder (one adder (two complex multiply) complex multiply) four-multiplier adder four-multiplier adder Quartus software includes megafunctions used control mode operation multipliers. After make appropriate parameter settings using megafunction's MegaWizard® Plug-In Manager, Quartus software automatically configures block. Arria blocks operate different modes simultaneously. example, single block broken down operate multiplier well multiplier-adder where both multiplier's input input have same sign representations. This increases block resource efficiency allows implement more multipliers within Arria device. Quartus software automatically places multipliers that share same block resources within same block. Additionally, each Arria block dynamically switch between following three modes: four 18-bit independent multipliers 18-bit multiplier-accumulators 36-bit multiplier Altera Corporation August 2007 10-19 Arria Device Handbook, Volume Operational Modes Each half Arria block separate mode control signals, which allows implement multiple 18-bit multipliers multiplieraccumulators within same block dynamically switch them independently they separate block halves). design requires 36-bit multiplier, must switch entire block accommodate since multiplier requires entire block. smallest input width that supports dynamic mode switching bits. Simple Multiplier Mode simple multiplier mode, block performs individual multiplication operations general-purpose multipliers applications such computing equalizer coefficient updates which require many individual multiplication operations. 18-Bit Multipliers Each block multiplier configured 18-bit multiplication. single block support eight individual multipliers four individual multipliers. operand widths 9-bits, multiplier will implemented operand widths from 18-bits, multiplier will implemented. Figure 10-8 shows block simple multiplier operation mode. Altera Corporation August 2007 10-20 Arria Device Handbook, Volume Operational Modes Figure 10-8. Simple Multiplier Mode mult_round mult_saturate signa signb aclr[3.0] shiftinb clock[3.0] shiftina ena[3.0] sourcea Output Register CLRN sourceb Data CLRN CLRN Multiplier Block Block shiftoutb shiftouta CLRN Q1.15 Round/ Saturate Data CLRN mult_is_saturated Data Notes Figure 10-8: These signals registered registered once match data path pipeline. This signal same latency data path. rounding saturation only supported 18-bit signed multiplication Q1.15 inputs. multiplier operands accept signed integers, unsigned integers combination both. signa signb signals changed dynamically registered block. Additionally, multiplier inputs result registered independently. pipeline registers within block used pipeline multiplier result, increasing performance block. 36-Bit Multiplier 36-bit multiplier also simple multiplier mode uses entire block, including adder/output block implement 36-bit multiplication operation. device inputs 18-bit sections 36-bit input into four 18-bit multipliers. adder/output block adds partial products obtained from multipliers using summation block. Pipeline registers used between multiplier stage summation block speed multiplication. 36-bit multiplier supports signed, unsigned well mixed sign multiplication. Figure 10-9 shows block configured implement 36-bit multiplier. Altera Corporation August 2007 10-21 Arria Device Handbook, Volume Operational Modes Figure 10-9. 36-Bit Multiplier signa signb aclr clock A[17.0] CLRN CLRN CLRN B[17.0] A[35.18] Data CLRN B[35.18] CLRN CLRN Multiplier Adder signa signb CLRN A[35.18] CLRN CLRN CLRN B[17.0] A[17.0] CLRN CLRN CLRN B[35.18] Notes Figure 10-9: These signals either registered registered once match pipeline. These signals either registered, registered once, registered twice match data path pipeline. Altera Corporation August 2007 10-22 Arria Device Handbook, Volume Operational Modes 36-bit multiplier useful applications requiring more than 18-bit precision, example, mantissa multiplication precision floating-point arithmetic applications. Multiply Accumulate Mode multiply accumulate mode, output multiplier stage feeds adder/output block which configured accumulator subtractor. Figure 10-10 shows block configured operate multiply accumulate mode. Figure 10-10. Multiply Accumulate Mode aclr[3.0] clock[3.0] ena[3.0] shiftinb shiftina accum_sload_upper_data accum_sload Data Q1.15 Round/ Saturate Accumulator CLRN Q1.15 Round/ Saturate Data CLRN CLRN accum_is_saturated Data CLRN overflow mult_is_saturated shiftoutb shiftouta signb (1), signa (1), mult_round mult_saturate addnsub signb (1), signa (1), accum_round accum_saturate Notes Figure 10-10: signa signb signals same multiplier stage adder/output block. These signals registered registered once match data path pipeline. send these signals through either pipeline registers. These signals match latency data path. single block implement independent 18-bit multiplier accumulators. Quartus software implements smaller multiplier accumulators tying unused lower-order bits 18-bit multiplier ground. multiplier accumulator output 52-bits wide account 36-bit multiplier result with 16-bits accumulation. this mode, block uses output registers accum_sload overflow Altera Corporation August 2007 10-23 Arria Device Handbook, Volume Blocks Arria Devices signals. accum_sload signal used clear accumulator that accumulation operation begin without losing clock cycles. This signal unregistered registered once twice. accum_sload signal also used preload accumulator with value specified accum_sload_upper_data signal with clock cycle penalty. accum_sload_upper_data signal only loads upper 36-bits (bits [51.16] accumulator). load entire accumulator, value lower 16-bits (bits [15.0]) must sent through multiplier feeding that accumulator with multiplier perform multiplication one. Bits [17.16] overlapped both accum_sload_upper_data signal multiplier output. Either these signals used load bits [17.16]. overflow signal indicates overflow underflow accumulator. This signal gets updated every clock cycle accumulation operation every cycle. preserve signal, external latch used. addnsub signal used specify accumulation subtraction performed dynamically. block implement just accumulator (without multiplication) specifying multiply multiplier stage followed accumulator force Quartus software implement function within block. Multiply Mode multiply mode, output multiplier stage feeds adder/output block which configured adder subtractor subtract outputs more multipliers. block configured implement either two-multiply (where outputs multipliers added/subtracted together) four-multiply function (where outputs four multipliers added subtracted together). adder block within block only used follows multiplication operations. Two-Multiplier Adder two-multiplier adder configuration, block implement four 9-bit smaller multiplier adders 18-bit multiplier adders. adders configured take both multiplier outputs difference both multiplier outputs. have option vary summation/subtraction operation dynamically. These multiply functions useful applications such FFTs complex filters. Figure 10-11 shows block configured two-multiplier adder mode. 10-24 Arria Device Handbook, Volume Altera Corporation August 2007 Complex Multiply Figure 10-11. Two-Multiplier Adder Mode mult_round mult_saturate signa signb aclr[3.0] clock[3.0] ena[3.0] signb signa addnsub_round addnsub1 shiftina shiftinb mult0_is_saturated Data Q1.15 Round/ Saturate CLRN CLRN Data Adder/ Subtractor/ Accumulator Q1.15 Rounding CLRN CLRN Data Data Q1.15 Round/ Saturate CLRN CLRN mult1_is_saturated Data shiftoutb shiftouta Notes Figure 10-11: These signals registered registered once match data path pipeline. send these signals through pipeline register. pipeline length These signals match latency data path. Complex Multiply block configured implement complex multipliers using two-multiplier adder mode. single block implement 18-bit complex multiplier 9-bit complex multipliers. complex multiplication written ((ac) (bd)) ((ad) (bc)) implement this complex multiplication within block, real part ((ac) (bd)) implemented using multipliers feeding subtractor block while imaginary part ((ad) (bc)) implemented using another multipliers feeding adder block, data Altera Corporation August 2007 10-25 Arria Device Handbook, Volume Blocks Arria Devices 18-bits. Figure 10-12 shows 18-bit complex multiplication. data widths 9-bits, block perform separate complex multiplication operations using eight 9-bit multipliers feeding four adder/subtractor/accumulator blocks. Resources external block must used route correct real imaginary input components appropriate multiplier inputs perform correct computation complex multiplication operation. Figure 10-12. Complex Multiplier Using Two-Multiplier Adder Mode Block Adder (Imaginary Part) Subtractor (Real Part) Four-Multiplier Adder four-multiplier adder configuration, block implement individual multiplier adders. These modes useful implementing one-dimensional two-dimensional filtering applications. four-multiplier adder performed addition stages. outputs four multipliers initially summed first-stage adder/subtractor/accumulator blocks. results these adder/subtractor/accumulator blocks then summed final stage summation block produce final four-multiplier adder result. Figure 10-13 shows block configured fourmultiplier adder mode. 10-26 Arria Device Handbook, Volume Altera Corporation August 2007 Complex Multiply Figure 10-13. Four-Multiplier Adder Mode mult_round mult_saturate signa signb aclr[3.0] clock[3.0] ena[3.0] shiftina shiftinb mult0_is_saturated CLRN CLRN Q1.15 Round/ Saturate CLRN Data Data CLRN CLRN Adder/ Subtractor/ Accumulator Q1.15 Rounding Data Q1.15 Round/ Saturate mult1_is_saturated CLRN Data CLRN CLRN CLRN addnsub1 addnsub1/3_round signa signb addnsub3 Adder CLRN Data mult0_is_saturated CLRN CLRN Q1.15 Round/ Saturate Data CLRN Data CLRN CLRN Adder/ Subtractor/ Accumulator Q1.15 Rounding Data Q1.15 Round/ Saturate CLRN Data CLRN mult1_is_saturated CLRN CLRN shiftoutb shiftouta Notes Figure 10-13: These signals registered registered once match data path pipeline. should send these signals through pipeline register match latency data path. These signals match latency data path. rounding saturation only supported 18-bit signed multiplication Q1.15 inputs. Altera Corporation August 2007 10-27 Arria Device Handbook, Volume Blocks Arria Devices Filter four-multiplier adder mode used implement filter complex filter applications. this, block four-multiplier adder mode with input registers configured shift registers using dedicated shift register chain. input registers configured shift registers will contain input data while inputs configured regular inputs will hold filter coefficients. Figure 10-14 shows block configured four-multiplier adder mode using input shift registers. 10-28 Arria Device Handbook, Volume Altera Corporation August 2007 Filter Figure 10-14. Filter Implemented Using Four-Multiplier Adder Mode with Input Shift Registers Data CLRN A[n] Coefficient Adder) Coefficient CLRN CLRN CLRN Coefficient Adder) Coefficient CLRN CLRN CLRN Coefficient Adder) Coefficient CLRN CLRN Altera Corporation August 2007 10-29 Arria Device Handbook, Volume Blocks Arria Devices built-in input shift register chain within block eliminates need shift registers externally block logic elements (LEs). This architecture feature simplifies filter design improves filter performance because filter circuitry localized within block. Input shift registers 36-bit simple multiplier mode have implemented using external registers block. single block implement four 18-bit filter. filters larger than four taps, blocks cascaded with additional adder stages implemented using LEs. Software Support Altera provides distinct methods implementing various modes block your design: instantiation inference. Both methods following three Quartus megafunctions: lpm_mult altmult_add altmult_accum instantiate megafunctions Quartus software block. Alternatively, with inference, create design synthesize using third-party synthesis tool like LeonardoSpectrumor Synplify Quartus Native Synthesis that infers appropriate megafunction recognizing multipliers, multiplier adders, multiplier accumulators. Using either method, Quartus software maps functionality blocks during compilation. Quartus On-Line Help instructions using megafunctions MegaWizard Plug-In Manager. more information, Design Synthesis section volume Quartus Development Software Handbook. Arria device blocks optimized support applications requiring high data throughput such filters, functions encoders. These blocks flexible configured implement several operational modes suit particular application. built-in shift register chain, adder/subtractor/accumulator block summation block minimizes amount external logic required implement these functions, resulting efficient resource utilization improved performance data throughput applications. Quartus Conclusion 10-30 Arria Device Handbook, Volume Altera Corporation August 2007 Referenced Documents software, together with LeonardoSpectrumand Synplify software provide complete easy-to-use flow implementing these multiplier functions blocks. Referenced Documents This chapter references following documents: 306: Implementing Multipliers FPGA Devices Arria Architecture chapter volume Arria Device Handbook Arria Device Family Data Sheet volume Arria Device Handbook Design Synthesis section volume Quartus Development Software Handbook Document Revision History Table 10-6 shows revision history this chapter. Table 10-6. Document Revision History Date Document Version Minor text edits. 2007, v1.0 Initial Release Changes Made Summary Changes August 2007, v1.1 Added "Referenced Documents" section. Altera Corporation August 2007 10-31 Arria Device Handbook, Volume Blocks Arria Devices 10-32 Arria Device Handbook, Volume Altera Corporation August 2007 Other recent searchesSC10-21SRWA - SC10-21SRWA SC10-21SRWA Datasheet SBL3050PT - SBL3050PT SBL3050PT Datasheet SBL3060PT - SBL3060PT SBL3060PT Datasheet PD8872 - PD8872 PD8872 Datasheet LX1701 - LX1701 LX1701 Datasheet FSA1259 - FSA1259 FSA1259 Datasheet FSA1259A - FSA1259A FSA1259A Datasheet
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