LM317 adjustable 3-terminal positive voltage regulator capable supplyi
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Adjustable Output, Positive Voltage Regulator
LM317 adjustable 3-terminal positive voltage regulator capable supplying excess over output voltage range This voltage regulator exceptionally easy requires only external resistors output voltage. Further, employs internal current limiting, thermal shutdown safe area compensation, making essentially blow-out proof. LM317 serves wide variety applications including local, card regulation. This device also used make programmable output regulator, connecting fixed resistor between adjustment output, LM317 used precision current regulator. Output Current Excess Output Adjustable between Internal Thermal Overload Protection Internal Short Circuit Current Limiting Constant with Temperature Output Transistor Safe-Area Compensation Floating Operation High Voltage Applications Available Surface Mount D2PAK, Standard 3-Lead Transistor Package Eliminates Stocking many Fixed Voltages
LM317
THREE-TERMINAL ADJUSTABLE POSITIVE VOLTAGE REGULATOR
SEMICONDUCTOR TECHNICAL DATA
SUFFIX PLASTIC PACKAGE CASE 221A Heatsink surface connected
Adjust Vout
Standard Application
LM317 Vout Adjust
SUFFIX PLASTIC PACKAGE CASE (D2PAK)
IAdj Cin*
Heatsink surface (shown terminal case outline drawing) connected
ORDERING INFORMATION
Device LM317BD2T required regulator located appreciable distance from power supply filter. needed stability, however, does improve transient response. 1.25 LM317BT LM317D2T LM317T +125°C Operating Temperature Range -40° +125°C Package Surface Mount Insertion Mount Surface Mount Insertion Mount
Since IAdj controlled less than error associated with this term negligible most applications.
Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC, 2002
January, 2002 Rev.
Publication Order Number: LM317/D
LM317
MAXIMUM RATINGS
Rating Input-Output Voltage Differential Power Dissipation Case 221A +25°C Thermal Resistance, Junction-to-Ambient Thermal Resistance, Junction-to-Case Case (D2PAK) +25°C Thermal Resistance, Junction-to-Ambient Thermal Resistance, Junction-to-Case Operating Junction Temperature Range Storage Temperature Range Symbol VI-VO Value Unit
Tstg
Internally Limited Internally Limited +125 +150
°C/W °C/W °C/W °C/W
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (VI-VO packages; Tlow Thigh [Note Imax Pmax
[Note unless otherwise noted.) Characteristics Line Regulation (Note +25°C, VI-VO Load Regulation (Note +25°C, Imax Thermal Regulation, +25°C (Note Pulse Adjustment Current Adjustment Current Change, VI-VO Imax, Pmax Reference Voltage, VI-VO Imax, Pmax Line Regulation (Note VI-VO Load Regulation (Note Imax Temperature Stability (Tlow Thigh) Minimum Load Current Maintain Regulation (VI-VO Maximum Output Current VI-VO Pmax, Package VI-VO Pmax, +25°C, Package Noise, +25°C, Ripple Rejection, (Note Without CAdj CAdj Long-Term Stability, Thigh (Note +25°C Endpoint Measurements Thermal Resistance Junction Case, Package Figure Symbol Regline Regload Regtherm IAdj IAdj Vref Regline Regload ILmin Imax 0.15 %/1.0 Hrs. °C/W 0.003 0.03 1.25 0.02 0.07 0.07 VO/W 0.01 0.04 Unit
NOTES: Tlow Thigh +125°C, LM317T, D2T. Tlow Thigh -40° +125°C, LM317BT, BD2T. Imax Pmax Load line regulation specified constant junction temperature. Changes heating effects must taken into account separately. Pulse testing with duty cycle used. CAdj, when used, connected between adjustment ground. Since Long-Term Stability cannot measured each device before shipment, this specification engineering estimate average stability from lot. Power dissipation within voltage regulator produces temperature gradient die, affecting individual components die. These effects minimized proper integrated circuit design layout techniques. Thermal Regulation effect these temperature gradients output voltage expressed percentage output change watt power change specified time.
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LM317
Representative Schematic Diagram
6.3V 6.7k 125k 12.4k 5.0pF 6.8k 6.3V
5.6k
6.3V 3.6k 5.8k 5.1k
2.4k 12.5k
Vout Adjust
This device contains active transistors.
Pulse testing required. Duty Cycle suggested. LM317 Adjust IAdj Line Regulation Vout
Figure Line Regulation IAdj/Line Test Circuit
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LM317
LM317 Vout (max Load) (min Load) (max Load) (min Load)
Adjust IAdj
Pulse testing required. Duty Cycle suggested.
Load Regulation (mV) (min Load) (max Load)
Load Regulation
(min Load) (max Load) (min Load)
Figure Load Regulation IAdj/Load Test Circuit
LM317
Vout
Adjust IAdj
Vref
ISET Pulse testing required. Duty Cycle suggested. Calculate Vout ISET 1.250 Calculate Assume ISET 5.25
Figure Standard Test Circuit
LM317 Vout
Adjust
1N4002
Vout
1.65
CAdj
Discharges CAdj output shorted Ground.
Figure Ripple Rejection Test Circuit
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LM317
Vout, OUTPUT VOLTAGE CHANGE OUTPUT CURRENT -0.2 -0.4 -0.6 -0.8 -1.0 JUNCTION TEMPERATURE (°C) Vout 25°C 150°C 55°C
Vin-Vout, INPUT-OUTPUT VOLTAGE DIFFERENTIAL (Vdc)
Figure Load Regulation
Figure Current Limit
Adj, ADJUSTMENT CURRENT in-Vout, INPUT-OUTPUT VOLTAGE DIFFERENTIAL (Vdc) Vout
JUNCTION TEMPERATURE (°C)
JUNCTION TEMPERATURE (°C)
Figure Adjustment Current
Figure Dropout Voltage
1.26 Vref, REFERENCE VOLTAGE QUIESCENT CURRENT (mA)
JUNCTION TEMPERATURE (°C) Vin-Vout, INPUT-OUTPUT VOLTAGE DIFFERENTIAL (Vdc) -55°C +25°C +150°C
1.25
1.24
1.23
1.22
Figure Temperature Stability
Figure Minimum Operating Current
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LM317
CAdj RIPPLE REJECTION (dB) RIPPLE REJECTION (dB) Vout 25°C Without CAdj Vout 25°C OUTPUT CURRENT CAdj Without CAdj
0.01
Vout, OUTPUT VOLTAGE
Figure Ripple Rejection versus Output Voltage
Figure Ripple Rejection versus Output Current
RIPPLE REJECTION (dB) Vout 25°C OUTPUT IMPEDANCE
Vout 25°C Without CAdj 10-2 CAdj 10-3
10-1
CAdj Without CAdj
FREQUENCY (Hz)
FREQUENCY (Hz)
Figure Ripple Rejection versus Frequency
Figure Output Impedance
Vout OUTPUT VOLTAGE DEVIATION
Vout OUTPUT VOLTAGE DEVIATION
CAdj Vout 25°C TIME (µs)
Vout 25°C TIME (µs) CAdj
-1.0 -2.0 -3.0 Without CAdj
-0.5 INPUT VOTLAGE CHANGE -1.0 -1.5
Figure Line Transient Response
LOAD CURRENT
Without CAdj
Figure Load Transient Response
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LM317
APPLICATIONS INFORMATION
Basic Circuit Operation External Capacitors
LM317 3-terminal floating regulator. operation, LM317 develops maintains nominal 1.25 reference (Vref) between output adjustment terminals. This reference voltage converted programming current (IPROG) (see Figure 17), this constant current flows through ground. regulated output voltage given
Since current from adjustment terminal (IAdj) represents error term equation, LM317 designed control IAdj less than keep constant. this, quiescent operating current returned output terminal. This imposes requirement minimum load current. load current less than this minimum, output voltage will rise. Since LM317 floating regulator, only voltage differential across circuit which important performance, operation high voltages with respect ground possible.
LM317 Vout Vref IPROG Vout
disc tantalum input bypass capacitor (Cin) recommended reduce sensitivity input line impedance. adjustment terminal bypassed ground improve ripple rejection. This capacitor (CAdj) prevents ripple from being amplified output voltage increased. capacitor should improve ripple rejection about application. Although LM317 stable with output capacitance, like feedback circuit, certain values external capacitance cause excessive ringing. output capacitance (CO) form tantalum aluminum electrolytic capacitor output swamps this effect insures stability.
Protection Diodes
Adjust
When external capacitors used with regulator sometimes necessary protection diodes prevent capacitors from discharging through current points into regulator. Figure shows LM317 with recommended protection diodes output voltages excess high capacitance values CAdj µF). Diode prevents from discharging thru during input short circuit. Diode protects against capacitor CAdj discharging through during output short circuit. combination diodes prevents CAdj from discharging through during input short circuit.
IAdj Vref 1.25 Typical
Vout
1N4002 LM317 Adjust CAdj Vout
Figure Basic Circuit Configuration Load Regulation
LM317 capable providing extremely good load regulation, precautions needed obtain maximum performance. best performance, programming resistor (R1) should connected close regulator possible minimize line drops which effectively appear series with reference, thereby degrading regulation. ground returned near load ground provide remote ground sensing improve load regulation.
1N4002
Figure Voltage Regulator with Protection Diodes
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LM317
PD(max) +50°C LENGTH COPPER (mm) Free Mounted Vertically Minimum Size Copper MAXIMUM POWER DISSIPATION THERMAL RESISTANCE JUNCTION C/W)
Figure D2PAK Thermal Resistance Maximum Power Dissipation versus P.C.B. Copper Length
1N4002 Vin1 Adjust Current Limit Adjust Diodes transistor added allow adjustment output voltage protects both LM317's during input short circuit. 1.0K LM317 Vout1 Vin2 LM317 Vout 1N4001 1N4001 Adjust Voltage Adjust 1N4001 2N5640 IN4001 Output Range: Output Range: IN4001
2N3822
Figure ``Laboratory'' Power Supply with Adjustable Current Limit Output Voltage
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Iout Vout Tantalum
LM317
LM317 Adjust Vout 1.25 provide current limiting system ground, source must tied negative voltage below 1.25 Vref IOmax IDSS Vref IDDS VSS* Iout 1N4001 1N4001 2N5640 1N4002 LM317 Adjust Vout MPS2222
Control
Minimum Vout 1.25 protects device during input short circuit.
BVDSS 1.25 VSS, ILmin IDSS shown
Figure Adjustable Current Limiter
Figure Electronic Shutdown Regulator
LM317
Vout 1N4001 MPS2907
LM317
Vout
Iout
Adjust
Adjust
IAdj 1.25 Iout
Figure Slow Turn-On Regulator
Figure Current Regulator
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LM317
PACKAGE DIMENSIONS
SUFFIX PLASTIC PACKAGE CASE 221A-09 ISSUE
NOTES: DIMENSIONING TOLERANCING ANSI Y14.5M, 1982. CONTROLLING DIMENSION: INCH. DIMENSION DEFINES ZONE WHERE BODY LEAD IRREGULARITIES ALLOWED. INCHES 0.570 0.620 0.380 0.405 0.160 0.190 0.025 0.035 0.142 0.147 0.095 0.105 0.110 0.155 0.018 0.025 0.500 0.562 0.045 0.060 0.190 0.210 0.100 0.120 0.080 0.110 0.045 0.055 0.235 0.255 0.000 0.050 0.045 -0.080 MILLIMETERS 14.48 15.75 9.66 10.28 4.07 4.82 0.64 0.88 3.61 3.73 2.42 2.66 2.80 3.93 0.46 0.64 12.70 14.27 1.15 1.52 4.83 5.33 2.54 3.04 2.04 2.79 1.15 1.39 5.97 6.47 0.00 1.27 1.15 -2.04
SEATING PLANE
SUFFIX PLASTIC PACKAGE CASE 936-03 (D2PAK) ISSUE
OPTIONAL CHAMFER
TERMINAL
NOTES: DIMENSIONING TOLERANCING ANSI Y14.5M, 1982. CONTROLLING DIMENSION: INCH. CONTOUR OPTIONAL WITHIN DIMENSIONS DIMENSIONS ESTABLISH MINIMUM MOUNTING SURFACE TERMINAL DIMENSIONS INCLUDE MOLD FLASH GATE PROTRUSIONS. MOLD FLASH GATE PROTRUSIONS EXCEED 0.025 (0.635) MAXIMUM. INCHES 0.386 0.403 0.356 0.368 0.170 0.180 0.026 0.036 0.045 0.055 0.051 0.100 0.539 0.579 0.125 0.050 0.000 0.010 0.088 0.102 0.018 0.026 0.058 0.078 0.116 0.200 0.250 MILLIMETERS 9.804 10.236 9.042 9.347 4.318 4.572 0.660 0.914 1.143 1.397 1.295 2.540 13.691 14.707 3.175 1.270 0.000 0.254 2.235 2.591 0.457 0.660 1.473 1.981 2.946 5.080 6.350
0.010 (0.254)
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LM317
Notes
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LM317
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LM317/D
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