AN-HK-33 In-Circuit Programming FLASH Memory MC68HC908JL3 Ro
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AN-HK-33
In-Circuit Programming FLASH Memory MC68HC908JL3
Roger Applications Engineering Microcontroller Division Hong Kong
This application note describes In-Circuit Programming (ICP) FLASH memory Motorola MC68HC908JL3 (JL3) microcontroller variants: MC68HRC908JL3, MC68HC908JK3, MC68HRC908JK3, MC68HC908JK1, MC68HRC908JK1. text divided into parts: PART covers general overview techniques that applied PART covers low-cost implementation
detailed specification MC68HC908JL3, please refer datasheet: Motorola order number MC68HC908JL3/H.
PART Introduction
In-circuit programming process which device programmed erased with device final circuit board target system. This allows user code changed without having remove device target system reprogramming initial programming. JL3, 4k-bytes FLASH memory allocated user code, with additional 48-bytes FLASH user defined reset interrupt vectors. high voltage supply required program erase operations; generated internal charge-pump.
Motorola, Inc., 2000
This FLASH memory programmed erased using software routines running either User mode Monitor mode, writing FLASH Control register address $FE08. User Mode User mode, running user code, that been programmed FLASH memory. This mode which will running during most time. Monitor mode, running code that been permanently programmed into area memory during fabrication. monitor code used communicating external host, connected serial link. Programming initially blank FLASH memory executed monitor mode. mode which enters latched after power-on-reset (POR), depends logic level following pins: IRQ1, RST, PTB0, PTB1, PTB2, PTB3. (For details, please refer Monitor section datasheet.)
Monitor Mode
Initial FLASH Programming
In-Circuit Programming User Mode
user mode implemented maintain target system operation while reprogramming FLASH memory JL3. Reprogramming FLASH memory involves stages. first stage erase operation erase existing data FLASH memory cell. minimum erase size 64-bytes, known page. MASS FLASH Control register provides option erasing entire FLASH array operation, known MASS erase. should noted that erased byte FLASH memory reads $FF. second stage programming process, which programs blank FLASH memory with data. Thus, reprogramming involves: erase program. code Performing user mode requires that erase program routines code stored part non-volatile memory that called user program. This means code needs routine that part user code, programmed into JL3's FLASH memory. With this mind, user mode cannot performed FLASH memory initially blank; blank device. Initial blank devices programmed Monitor mode (see next section Monitor Mode). With code programmed into FLASH memory, called software hardware, operate ways:
MOTOROLA
code sets communication link with outside host system port pins, then transfers control host system. host issues commands erase JL3's FLASH memory downloads data program FLASH memory. this case, code acting command interpreter. Alternatively, code carry erase process downloads data from external source programming. source intelligent host EPROM containing user code. both above methods, code must loaded into area memory, routine executed area. Program erase operations allowed while program running FLASH area. possible code execute FLASH area, there danger erasing code itself. Block Protected FLASH Memory There situation where FLASH memory cannot erased: when block protected. FLASH Block Protect register address $FE09 used protect (prevent from erase program) block entire FLASH memory. default, entire FLASH memory block protected, since reset state $FE09 FLASH memory must unprotected setting FLASH Block Protect register $FF, prior program erase operations.
In-Circuit Programming Monitor Mode
Monitor mode, running monitor code that been permanently programmed into area memory ($FC00 $FDFF $FF10 $FFCF) during fabrication. First time programming JL3's FLASH memory only executed monitor mode. monitor code consists routines communicating host connected using serial link PTB0. Once link established, control transferred host system. host controls directly writing registers. Monitor mode entered ways: High Volt Entry Monitor Mode Similar most Motorola MCUs, providing high voltage (1.5 JL3) IRQ1 during will force enter monitor mode. With this high voltage entry method, clock input OSC1) must either 4.9152MHz 9.8304MHz. This clock divides produce 9600 baud communication speed PTB0.
MOTOROLA
Blank Vector Entry Monitor Mode
With FLASH memory implementation, there need reduce number wire connections target system program when required. other method entry monitor mode blank reset vector. only time when reset vector blank when entire JL3's FLASH memory blank reset vector only erased mass erase operation. This monitor mode entry method does need high voltage IRQ1 pin; clock OSC1 must 9.8304MHz, produce 9600 baud communication speed PTB0. Implementing monitor mode advantage that code needs written user code. addition, MCUscribe program, free Motorola utility, available host system that talks PTB0 serial link.
Other Considerations
Signal Conditioning
Normal system activities will usually halted during operation, allow uninterrupted programming process. Therefore, start process, should configured such that contention runaway signal will occur during process. Also note that when system first switched-on with having blank FLASH memory, port pins default their reset states. pins used connecting external host shared with target system, make sure they isolated proper logic level when connection made.
Isolation
MOTOROLA
PART Introduction
following method low-cost; with minimal system user code changes. involves steps: Erasing FLASH memory User mode. Programming FLASH memory Monitor mode (blank vector entry) using Motorola's SPGMR08 Serial Programmer. Frequency Constraint This method uses frequency 2.4576MHz programming FLASH (see Programming FLASH Memory Monitor Mode). blank vector entry method, this frequency generated using external crystal oscillator circuit direct clock input 9.8304MHz times frequency). 2.4576MHz used derive 9600 baudrate communication between Host.
Mass Erasing FLASH Memory User Mode
program listing back this application note contains routine mass erasing MCU. Since this program demonstration purposes, only MASS_ERASE subroutine required inclusion user program. Other parts program involves setting clock polling pins PTB0 PTD3 request. What program does this: Check logic levels PTB0 PTD3; true, proceed mass erase. Load MASS_ERASE routine memory. Execute MASS_ERASE routine. routine loops until reset vector blank. JL3, erase subroutine available monitor area. This subroutine called after writing control bytes locations $0088 $0089. this implementation, PTB0 PTD3 used setting request mass erase operation. After POR, when PTB0 PTD3 (see figure user code will load mass erase routine into perform FLASH mass erase operation.
MOTOROLA
erase routine, delay timing based frequency 2.4576MHz, mass erase operation repeated until user vectors security bytes erased. time required mass erase operation less than seconds.
PTB0 Pins target system PTD3
Figure Mass Erase Port Configuration flowchart figure shows sequence events mass erase operation.
Power-On Reset
PTB0=1 PTD3=0
Continue with user main program Perform mass erase routine
Reset vector security blank
Figure Mass Erase Flowchart
MOTOROLA
Procedure mass erase
Using sample program, this step-by-step procedure erases FLASH user mode: Switch power target system. Isolate port pins PTB0 PTD3 from target system logic. PTB0 high pull-up resistor VDD. PTD3 ground directly VSS. Switch power target system. Wait seconds. Switch power target system. FLASH memory erased. next section describes procedure programming FLASH memory using blank vector entry monitor mode.
Programming FLASH Memory Monitor Mode
Programming JL3's blank FLASH memory achieved running monitor mode; with host connected using serial link. Monitor mode entered ways after power-on-reset: high voltage (1.5 VDD) applied IRQ1 pin, FLASH memory erased blank.
latter method entering monitor mode programming FLASH memory will described here. With this method, enters monitor mode after power-on reset when detects that reset vector, $FFFE-$FFFF, blank (containing $FF). Motorola SPGMR08 serial programmer used interface between target system host system. Figure shows connection SPGMR08. Three wires used: PTB0 This serial data link between host MCU. VDD_S This line provides power power-on reset synchronization between host MCU. Common ground systems.
this implementation, IRQ1 required pulled mode entry, clock frequency OSC1 must 9.8304MHz (either from crystal oscillator direct clock from SPGMR08). VTST connection only necessary high voltage entry monitor mode.
MOTOROLA
SPGMR08 Adapter board connector OPTIONAL
(9.8304MHz)
9.8304MHz VDD_MCU
OSC1
VTST OSC2
IRQ1
PTB0
PTB0 VDD_MCU VDD_MCU
VDD_S
Pins target system VDD_MCU power-on reset 100k
PTB3 PTB1 PTB2
NOTES: 0.1µF normal operation: SW1: don't care SW2: position blank reset vector monitor mode entry: SW1: position SW2: position PTB1, PTB2, PTB3 pullup/down omitted. high voltage monitor mode entry: SW1: position SW2: position PTB1=1, PTB2=0, PTB3=1 must satisfied mode entry. high voltage monitor mode entry required, omitted signals default position
Figure Programming Setup Once programming system connected figure programming carried running MCUscribe utility supplied with SPGMR08. When MCUscribe finished programming, jumpers back their original position, then select "power-off" command MCUscribe utility screen menu.
MOTOROLA
Further Information
above method limitations. They are: erase program operations entire 4k-bytes FLASH memory erase operation erases FLASH locations; program operation programs FLASH locations. There must power outage during erase program operations; otherwise, high voltage must applied IRQ1 that enter Monitor mode. alternative extract target system reprogrammed using external programmer. Further cost-savings achieved using circuit figure replace SPGMR08 serial programmer.
MOTOROLA
Serial programming Schematic
8.5V
VTST
1N914 2N3906
2N3906
(for high voltage entry monitor mode)
VDD_S
MC145407 74HC125 74HC125 VDD_S
74HC125
2N3904
PTB0
9.8304 74HC125 OSCILLATOR
Figure Interface Circuit
signal optional.
DB-9 CONNECTOR
9.8304
(optional)
Serial
Serial
HOST
VTST signal only required high voltage entry Monitor Mode.
MOTOROLA
Program Listing
Assembler Directives $base 68HC908JL3 User Mode FLASH Mass Erase Author Roger File Name jl3icp.asm Description: This program allows mass erase itself user mode. detect condition mass erase PTB0=1 PTD3=0. successful code execution, user should frequency 2.4576MHz. This derived from 9.8304MHz xtal HC908 part. program uses subroutine, erase_cmd, located $FC06 monitor ROM, mass erase operation. Jumper setting during power-up reset: Jumper user mode mass erase mode PTB0 pull-up(10k) pull-up pull-up PTD3 pull-up (10k) short ground Version Date Description 20/2/2000 (JL3) Assignment ;-PTA Port Port Port DDRA Port direction register DDRB Port direction register DDRD Port direction register s_data Serial data used monitor mode Ps_data Port location serial data DDRs_data DDRB Port direction location serial data FLASH Control Register ;-FLCR HVEN MASS ERASE FLBPR $fe08 $fe09 FLASH Control Register
FLASH Block Protect Register
External Subroutine Call Declaration ;-erase_cmd $fc06 this routine resident monitor rom, will erase area unprotected when called
Constant declaration ;-RAM_BEGIN FLASH memory start address
declaration required erase subroutine monitor ;-ctrlbyt cpuspd CONFIG1 CONFIG2 MAIN RSTVECTOR $FB00 $FFFE
MOTOROLA
Main Program ;-org MAIN START: DDRB check user mode mass erase condition DDRD PTB0=5V PTD3=GND user mode condition brclr 0,PTB,USERCODE check PTB0=5V brset 3,PTD,USERCODE check PTD3=GND CONFIG2 #$31,CONFIG1 disable clrx NEXTRAM: MASS_ERASE,x Load mass erase code from FLASH RAM,x incx cbeqx #{ENDRAM-MASS_ERASE},RUNRAM NEXTRAM RUNRAM: Execute mass erase USERCODE: Start user application code Mass Erase ;-MASS_ERASE: #$ff unprotect FLASH area FLBPR #%01000000,ctrlbyt setup mass erase #10,cpuspd ldhx #$ffff erase_cmd mass erase routine #$0A Mem_check $FFF6,x #$FF M_erase decx Mem_check ICPMODE: Waiting power-off device, then enter mode using SPGMR MCUscribe M_erase ENDRAM: RSTVECTOR START RESET
Motorola reserves right make changes without further notice products herein. Motorola makes warranty, representation guarantee regarding suitability products particular purpose, does Motorola assume liability arising application product circuit, specifically disclaims liability, including without limitation consequential incidental damages. "Typical" parameters which provided Motorola data sheets and/or specifications vary different applications actual performance vary over time. operating parameters, including "Typicals" must validated each customer application customer's technical experts. Motorola does convey license under patent rights rights others. Motorola products designed, intended, authorized components systems intended surgical implant into body, other applications intended support sustain life, other application which failure Motorola product could create situation where personal injury death occur. Should Buyer purchase Motorola products such unintended unauthorized application, Buyer shall indemnify hold Motorola officers, employees, subsidiaries, affiliates, distributors harmless against claims, costs, damages, expenses, reasonable attorney fees arising directly indirectly, claim personal injury death associated with such unintended unauthorized use, even such claim alleges that Motorola negligent regarding design manufacture part. Motorola registered trademarks Motorola, Inc. Motorola, Inc. Equal Opportunity/Affirmative Action Employer.
reach USA/EUROPE/Locations Listed: Motorola Literature Distribution; P.O. 5405, Denver, Colorado 80217. 1-800-441-2447 1-303-675-2140 JAPAN: Nippon Motorola Ltd. SPD, Strategic Planning Office 4-32-1, Nishi-Gotanda, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 141, Japan. 03-5487-8488 MfaxTM, Motorola Back System: RMFAX0@email.sps.mot.com; http://sps.motorola.com/mfax/; TOUCHTONE 1-602-244-6609; Canada ONLY 1-800-774-1848 HOME PAGE: http://motorola.com/sps/
Mfax trademark Motorola, Inc. Motorola, Inc., 2000
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