author 1984 Application note Audio circuits using NE5532/3/4
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AN142 Audio circuits using NE5532/3/4
author 1984
Application note
Audio circuits using NE5532/3/4
AN142
AUDIO CIRCUITS USING NE5532/33/34
following will explain some Philips Semiconductors noise amps show their some audio applications.
DESCRIPTION
5532 dual high-performance noise operational amplifier. Compared most standard operational amplifiers, such 1458, shows better noise performance, improved output drive capability considerably higher small-signal power bandwidths. This makes device especially suitable application high quality professional audio equipment, instrumentation control circuits, telephone channel amplifiers. internally-compensated gains equal one. very noise prime importance, recommended that 5532A version used which guaranteed noise voltage specifications.
actually five individual active filters with same feedback design five. main difference five stages values which responsible setting center frequency each stage. Linear pots recommended simplify this circuit, component value table provided, which lists center frequencies their associated capacitor values. Notice that equals (10) that Value related factor well. values listed table common easily found standard values.
RIAA EQUALIZATION AUDIO PREAMPLIFIER USING NE5532A
With onset recording techniques with sophisticated playback equipment, breed noise operational amplifiers developed complement state-of-the-art audio reproduction. first ultra-low noise introduced Philips Semiconductors called NE5534A. This single operational amplifier with less than 4nV/Hz input noise voltage. NE5534A internally-compensated gain three. This device been used many audio preamp equalizer (active filter) applications since introduction early last year. Many amplifiers that being designed today DC-coupled. This means that very frequencies (2-15Hz) being amplified. These frequencies common turntables because rumble tone resonances. Since amplifiers reproduce these sub-audible tones, they become quite objectionable because speakers reproduce these tones. This causes non-linearities when actual recorded material amplified converted sound waves. RIAA proposed change standard playback response curve order alleviate some problems that were previously discussed. changes occur primarily frequency range with slight modification high frequency range (See Figure Note that response peak bass section playback curve occurs 31.5Hz begins roll below that frequency. roll-off occurs introducing fourth network with 7950µs time constant three existing networks that make equalization circuit. high equalization curve extended 20kHz, because recordings these frequencies achievable many current discs.
APPLICATIONS
Philips Semiconductors 5532 High-Performance ideal amplifier high quality professional audio equipment which requires noise distortion. circuit included this application note been assembled board, tested with actual audio input devices (Tuner Turntable). consists RIAA (Recording Industry Association America) preamp, input buffer, 5-band equalizer, mixer. Although circuit design new, performance using 5532 been improved. RIAA preamp section standard compensation configuration with frequency boost provided Magnetic cartridge network feedback loop. Cartridge loading accomplished chosen typical value, differ from cartridge cartridge. Equalizer section consists input buffer, active variable band pass/notch (depending R9's setting) filters, output summing amplifier. input buffer standard unity gain design providing impedance matching between preamplifier equalizer section. Because 5532 internally-compensated, external compensation required. 5-band active filter section
RIAA RIAA 5532
5532
FLAT 5532 VOL./ EQUALIZE
5532
REPEAT ABOVE CIRCUIT DESIRE STAGES.
SL00850
Figure RIAA Equalizer Schematic
1984
August 1988 Rev:
Application note
Audio circuits using NE5532/3/4
AN142
COMPONENT VALUES FIGURE
R8=25k R7=2.4k R9=240k 23Hz 50Hz 72Hz 108Hz 158Hz 238Hz 290Hz 350Hz 425Hz 506Hz 721Hz 1082Hz 1588Hz 2382Hz 2904Hz 3502Hz 4253Hz 5068Hz 7218Hz 10827Hz 15880Hz 23820Hz 0.47µF 0.33µF 0.22µF 0.15µF 0.1µF 0.082µF 0.068µF 0.056µF 0.047µF 0.033µF 0.022µF 0.015µF 0.01µF 0.0082µF 0.0068µF 0.0056µF 0.0047µF 0.0033µF 0.0022µF 0.0015µF 0.001µF 0.1µF 0.047µF 0.033µF 0.022µF 0.015µF 0.01µF 0.0082µF 0.0068µF 0.0056µF 0.0047µF 0.0033µF 0.0022µF 0.0015µF 0.001µF 820pF 680pF 560pF 470pF 330pF 220pF 150pF 100pF 25Hz 36Hz 54Hz 79Hz 119Hz 145Hz 175Hz 212Hz 253Hz 360Hz 541Hz 794Hz 1191Hz 1452Hz 1751Hz 2126Hz 2534Hz 3609Hz 5413Hz 7940Hz 11910Hz 14524Hz 17514Hz 21267Hz R8=50k R7=5.1k R9=510k 0.47µF 0.33µF 0.22µF 0.15µF 0.1µF 0.082µF 0.068µF 0.056µF 0.047µF 0.033µF 0.022µF 0.015µF 0.01µF 0.0082µF 0.0068µF 0.0056µF 0.0047µF 0.0033µF 0.0022µF 0.0015µF 0.001µF 820pF 680pF 560pF 0.047µF 0.033µF 0.022µF 0.015µF 0.01µF 0.0082µF 0.0068µF 0.0056 0.0047µF 0.0033µF 0.0022µF 0.0015µF 0.001µF 820pF 680pF 560pF 470pF 330pF 220pF 150pF 100pF 82pF 68pF 56pF 12Hz 18Hz 27Hz 39Hz 59Hz 72Hz 87Hz 106Hz 126Hz 180Hz 270Hz 397Hz 595Hz 726Hz 875Hz 1063Hz 1267Hz 1804Hz 2706Hz 3970Hz 5955Hz 7262Hz 8757Hz 10633Hz 12670Hz 18045Hz R8=100k R7=10k R9=1meg 0.47µF 0.33µF 0.22µF 0.15µF 0.1µF 0.082µF 0.068µF 0.056µF 0.047µF 0.033µF 0.022µF 0.015µF 0.01µF 0.0082µF 0.0068µF 0.0056µF 0.0047µF 0.0033µF 0.0022µF 0.0015µF 0.001µF 820pF 680pF 560pF 470pF 330pF 0.047µF 0.033µF 0.022µF 0.015µF 0.01µF 0.0082µF 0.0068µF 0.0056µF 0.0047µF 0.0033µF 0.0022µF 0.0015µF 0.001µF 820pF 680pF 560pF 470pF 330pF 220pF 150pF 100pF 82pF 68pF 56pF 47pF 33pF
RIAA (db)5 RIAA
(HZ)
100K
SL00851
Figure Proposed RIAA Playback Equalization
1984
Application note
Audio circuits using NE5532/3/4
AN142
-15V
.1µF .27µF INPUT -15V NE5532A .1µF
LOAD
49.9K 49.9 .056µF 47µF .015µF NOTE: resistors metal film. 4.99K
Figure
SL00853
SL00852
Assume signal input square wave with dV/dt 250V/µs peak amplitude shown. 22pF compensation capacitor inserted circuit deleted, device slew rate falls approximately 7V/µs. input waveform will reach 2V/250V/µs 8ns, while output will have changed only 56mV. differential input signal then (VIN-VO) RI/RI+RF approximately diode limiter will definitely active output distortion will occur; therefore, VIN<1V indicated. Next, sine wave input used with similar circuit.
Figure RIAA Phonograph Preamplifier Using NE5532A
NE5533/34 DESCRIPTION
5533/5534 dual single high-performance noise operational amplifiers. Compared other operational amplifiers, such TL083, they show better noise performance, improved output drive capability considerably higher small-signal power bandwidths. This makes devices especially suitable application high quality professional audio equipment, instrumentation control circuits, telephone channel amplifiers. amps internally-compensated gain equal higher than, three. frequency response optimized with external compensation capacitor various applications (unity gain amplifier, capacitive load, slew rate, overshoot, etc.) very noise prime importance, recommended that 5533A/5534A version used which guaranteed noise specifications.
slew rate input waveform depends frequency exact expression upper limit before slew rate distortion occurs small-signal (VIN<100mV) conditions found setting slew rate 7V/µs. That LIMIT LIMIT 7x10 3.5x10 6rad 3.5x10 560kHz
APPLICATIONS Diode Protection Input
input leads device protected from differential transients above ±0.6V internal back-to-back diodes. Their presence imposes certain limitations amplifier dynamic characteristics related closed-loop gain slew rate. Consider unity gain follower example:
1984
Application note
Audio circuits using NE5532/3/4
AN142
dV/dt
External Compensation Network Improves Bandwidth
using external lead-lag network, follower circuit slew rate small-signal bandwidth increased. This useful situations where closed-loop gain less than indicated. number examples shown subsequent figures. principle benefit using network approach that full slew rate bandwidth device retained, while impulse-related parameters such damping phase margin controlled choosing appropriate circuit constants. example, consider following configuration:
22pF
5534
SL00854
Figure
22pF 5534
SL00855
Figure
GAIN
NETWORK NE5534
SL00856
Figure
SL00857
Figure
1984
Application note
Audio circuits using NE5532/3/4
AN142
PHASE
applications because their high gain easily-tailored frequency response.
RIAA PREAMP USING NE5534
-90o
preamplifier phono equalization shown Figure with theoretical actual circuit response. frequency boost provided inductance magnetic cartridge with network providing necessary break points approximate theoretical RIAA curve.
NETWORKS -180o
RUMBLE FILTER
SL00858
Figure major problem overcome poor phase margin leading instability. choosing network break frequency decade below unity gain crossover frequency (30-50MHz), phase gain margin improved. appropriate value 270. Setting network break frequency 5MHz, calculated 5x10 118pF
Following amplifier stage, rumble scratch filters often used improve overall quality. Such filter designed with amps uses 2-pole Butterworth approach features switchable break points. With circuit Figure degree filtering from fairly sharp none switch-selectable.
TONE CONTROL
Tone control audio systems involves altering flat response order attain more frequencies more high ones, dependent upon listener preference. circuit Figure provides 20dB bass treble boost variable resistance. actual response circuit shown also.
RULES EXAMPLES Compensation Using Pins (Limited Bandwidth Slew Rate)
single-pole zero inserted transfer function will give added phase margin, depending network values. Calculating Lead-Lag Network where (UGBW)
BALANCE LOUDNESS AMPLIFIER
Figure shows combination balance loudness controls. non-linearity human hearing system, frequencies must boosted listening levels. Balance, level, loudness controls provide listening controls produce desired music response.
VOLTAGE CURRENT OFFSET ADJUSTMENTS
Many amplifiers include necessary connections provide external offset adjustments. Many times, however, becomes necessary select device possessing external adjustments. Figures suggest some possible arrangements off-circuitry. circuitry Figure provides sufficient current into input cancel bias current requirement. Although more simplified arrangements possible, addition provide fixed current level thus, bias cancellation provided without regard input voltage level.
UGBW 30MHz
External Compensation Wide-Band Voltage-Follower
Shunt Capacitance Compensation 30MHz DIST
VOUT
CDIST Distributed Capacitance Many audio circuits involve carefully-tailored frequency responses. Pre-emphasis used recording mediums reduce noise produce flat frequency response. most often used de-emphasis curves broadcast home entertainment systems shown Figure Operational amplifiers well suited these
NOTES CC(1) 22pF NE5533/34 22pF [See graph under typical performance characteristics]
SL00859
Figure Unity Gain Non-Inverting Configuration
1984
Application note
Audio circuits using NE5532/3/4
AN142
VOUT
SL00860
VOUT
Figure Unity Gain Inverting Configuration
NOTE:
Input diodes limit differential <0.5V
SL00861
Figure External Compensation Wideband Voltage Follower
1984
Application note
Audio circuits using NE5532/3/4
AN142
RELATIVE GAIN 9dB) TURN OVER FREQUENCIES 50Hz, 500Hz, 2122Hz TIME CONSTANTS 3150µs 318µs 75µs
RELATIVE GAIN (dB) TURN OVER FREQUENCIES 50Hz, 3180Hz TIME CONSTANTS 3150µs 50µs
FREQUENCY (Hz) 100K FREQUENCY (Hz) 100K
RIAA Equalization
RELATIVE GAIN (dB)
Standard Playback 71/2
TURN OVER FREQUENCIES 50Hz, 1326Hz TIME CONSTANTS 3150µs 125µs
FREQUENCY (Hz)
100K
3.75 Tape Equalization
TURN OVER FREQUENCY 1kHz RELATIVE GAIN (dB) RELATIVE GAIN (dB) TURN OVER FREQUENCY 2122 TIME CONSTANT 75µs
FREQUENCY (Hz) 100K FREQUENCY (Hz) 100K
Base Treble Curve Figure
Standard Broadcast Equalization
SL00862
1984
Application note
Audio circuits using NE5532/3/4
AN142
-15V 0.22 INPUT 1.1M NE5534 OUTPUT
1.1K
-15V 20µF 100K 750pF NOTES: *Select provide specified transducer loading. Output Noise 0.8mVRMS (with input shorted) resistor values ohms. 0.0033 1.1M 0.003 RIAA
GAIN BODE PLOT BODE PLOT ACTUAL RESPONSE GAIN FREQUENCY (Hz) FREQUENCY (Hz) ACTUAL RESPONSE
Bode Plot RIAA Equalization Response Realized Actual Circuit Using 531.
Bode Plot Equalization Response Realized Actual Circuit Using 531.
SL00863
Figure Preamplifier RIAA/NAB Compensation
1984
Application note
Audio circuits using NE5532/3/4
AN142
NE5534 220k 6.8K 6.8K
0022 NE5534
0056
6.8K RUMBLE POSITION FREQ. FLAT 30MHz 50HZ 80Hz 6.8K 330pF SCRATCH POSITION FREQ. 5KHz 10MHz 15HZ FLAT
NOTE: resistor values ohms.
SL00864
Figure Rumble/Scratch Filter
INPUT 100K +140 0.033µF 0.033µF 3.3K 0.033µF 100K 0.033µF NOTES: Amplifier NE531 301. Frequency compensation, unity gain non-inverting amplifiers, must used. Turn-over frequency 1kHz. Base boost +20dB, bass -20dB, treble boost +19dB 20Hz, treble -19dB 20Hz. resistor values ohms. 1,000 10,000 100,000 FREQUENCY (Hz) OUTPUT PEAK PEAK GAIN (dB) BASS TREBLE BASS BOOST TREBLE BOOST
SL00865
Figure Tone Control Circuit Operational Amplifiers
1984
Application note
Audio circuits using NE5532/3/4
AN142
100K LEVEL 100K 5533
220pF 100K
4.7K
LOUDNESS
5533
BALANCE 1.2K
4.7K 100K 100K 5533
100K
220pF 100K 1290
5533
1.2K
NOTE: resistor values ohms.
100K
SL00866
Figure Balance Amplifier with Loudness Control
INPUT NE5534 100K RANGE OUTPUT 200K
NE5534 RANGE INPUT GAIN OUTPUT
NOTE: resistor values ohms.
SL00868
SL00867
Figure Universal Offset Null Non-Inverting Amplifiers
Figure Universal Offset Null Inverting Amplifiers
1984
Application note
Audio circuits using NE5532/3/4
AN142
BIAS CURRENT COMPENSATION
NE5534 EOUT SELECT DESIRED CURRENT SL00869
Figure Bias Current Compensation
1984
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