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PICDEM18R Demonstration Board User's Guide
2001 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS39565A
Note following details code protection feature PICmicro® MCUs. PICmicro family meets specifications contained Microchip Data Sheet. Microchip believes that family PICmicro microcontrollers most secure products kind market today, when used intended manner under normal conditions. There dishonest possibly illegal methods used breach code protection feature. these methods, knowledge, require using PICmicro microcontroller manner outside operating specifications contained data sheet. person doing engaged theft intellectual property. Microchip willing work with customer concerned about integrity their code. Neither Microchip other semiconductor manufacturer guarantee security their code. Code protection does mean that guaranteeing product "unbreakable". Code protection constantly evolving. Microchip committed continuously improving code protection features product.
have further questions about this matter, please contact local sales office nearest you.
Information contained this publication regarding device applications like intended through suggestion only superseded updates. your responsibility ensure that your application meets with your specifications. representation warranty given liability assumed Microchip Technology Incorporated with respect accuracy such information, infringement patents other intellectual property rights arising from such otherwise. Microchip's products critical components life support systems authorized except with express written approval Microchip. licenses conveyed, implicitly otherwise, under intellectual property rights.
Trademarks Microchip name logo, Microchip logo, PIC, PICmicro, PICMASTER, PICSTART, MATE, KEELOQ, SEEVAL, MPLAB Embedded Control Solutions Company registered trademarks Microchip Technology Incorporated U.S.A. other countries. Total Endurance, ICSP, In-Circuit Serial Programming, FilterLab, MXDEV, microID, FlexROM, fuzzyLAB, MPASM, MPLINK, MPLIB, PICC, PICDEM, PICDEM.net, ICEPIC, Migratable Memory, FanSense, ECONOMONITOR, Select Mode, dsPIC, rfPIC microPort trademarks Microchip Technology Incorporated U.S.A. Serialized Quick Term Programming (SQTP) service mark Microchip Technology Incorporated U.S.A. other trademarks mentioned herein property their respective companies. 2001, Microchip Technology Incorporated, Printed U.S.A., Rights Reserved.
Printed recycled paper.
Microchip received QS-9000 quality system certification worldwide headquarters, design wafer fabrication facilities Chandler Tempe, Arizona July 1999. Company's quality system processes procedures QS-9000 compliant PICmicro® 8-bit MCUs, KEELOQ® code hopping devices, Serial EEPROMs microperipheral products. addition, Microchip's quality system design manufacture development systems 9001 certified.
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2001 Microchip Technology Inc.
Preface
PICDEM18R USER'S GUIDE Table Contents
Introduction Highlights About This Guide Warranty Registration Recommended Reading Troubleshooting Microchip Internet Site Development Systems Customer Notification Service Customer Support
Chapter Introduction PICDEM Board
Introduction Highlights Demonstration Kit: What's PICDEM Demonstration Board On-Board Monitor Firmware Host Software
Chapter Getting Started with PICDEM Board
Highlights Host Computer Requirements Using PICDEM Board First Time
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Chapter Configuring PICDEM Board
Highlights Memory Mapping Configuration Switches Complex Programmable Logic Device (CPLD). Memory Devices Oscillator Configurations On-Board Controls Displays. RS-232 Port Modular Connector
Chapter On-Board Monitor Firmware
Highlights On-Board Monitor Overview. APIs External Memory Devices
Chapter Using Host Software
Highlights Host Software Overview. Host Software Window. Host Software Commands Notes Using Host Software
Chapter Troubleshooting
Highlights Common Issues Diagnostic Tests
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Table Contents
Appendix PICDEM Board Technical Information
Highlights Block Diagram PICDEM Board Schematics Pinouts Memory Prototype Headers.
Appendix PICDEM Software
Highlights What's
Appendix PICDEM Demonstration Software
Highlights Tutorials.
Index Worldwide Sales Service
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NOTES:
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2001 Microchip Technology Inc.
Introduction Highlights
PICDEM18R USER'S GUIDE Preface
This chapter contains general information about this manual contacting customer support.
Topics covered this chapter: About this Guide Recommended Reading Warranty Registration Troubleshooting Microchip Internet Site Development Systems Customer Notification Service Customer Support
About This Guide
Document Layout
This document describes PICDEM Demonstration Board PICmicro® PIC18C601 PIC18C801 ROMless microcontrollers. manual layout follows: Chapter Introduction PICDEM Board What PICDEM Board what features available. Chapter Getting Started with PICDEM Board Describes connect begin PICDEM Board. Chapter Configuring PICDEM Board Describes greater detail features Demonstration Board, modify hardware configuration. Chapter On-Board Monitor Firmware Provides overview on-board monitor application development. Chapter Using Host Software Provides overview host software, program Demonstration Board. Chapter Troubleshooting Provides information solving common problems.
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Appendix PICDEM Board Technical Information Provides block diagram detailed schematics PICDEM board, well pinouts prototype connectors. Appendix PICDEM Software Provides summary software accompanying CD-ROM. Appendix PICDEM Demonstration Software Provides brief description demonstrations tutorials various solutions implemented with PIC18C601 PIC18C801 controllers. Worldwide Sales Service Lists Microchip sales service locations telephone numbers worldwide.
Conventions Used this Guide
This manual uses following documentation conventions: Documentation Conventions Description Code (Courier font): Plain characters Angle brackets: Sample code, file names paths Variables #define START c:\autoexec.bat <label>, <exp> MPASMWIN [main.asm] errorlevel {0|1} Represents Examples
Square brackets Optional arguments Curly brackets Choice mutually exclusive pipe character: arguments, selection Lower case charac- Type data ters quotes Ellipses. Used imply (but show) additional text that relevant example hexadecimal number where hexadecimal digit variable argument; either type data lower case characters) specific example uppercase characters)
"filename" list ["list_option. "list_option"] 0xFFFF, 0x007A char isascii (char, ch);
0xnnn Italic characters
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Preface
Documentation Conventions (Continued) Description Interface (Arial font): Underlined, italic menu selection from text with right arrow menu Bold characters window dialog button click Represents Examples
File Save
Cancel <Tab>, <Ctrl-C>
Characters angle keyboard brackets Documents (Arial font): Italic characters Referenced books
MPLAB® User's Guide
Documentation Updates
documentation becomes dated, this user's guide exception. Since MPLAB® IDE, MPLAB® other Microchip tools constantly evolving meet customer needs, some actual dialogs and/or tool descriptions differ from those this document. Please refer site obtain latest documentation available.
Documentation Numbering Conventions
Documents numbered with "DS" number. number located bottom each page, front page number. numbering convention Number DSXXXXXA, where: XXXXX document number. revision level document.
Warranty Registration
Please complete enclosed Warranty Registration Card mail promptly. Sending your Warranty Registration Card entitles receive product updates. Interim software releases available Microchip site.
Recommended Reading
This user's guide describes PICDEM Demonstration Board. data sheets contain current information programming specific microcontroller devices.
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MPLAB® User's Guide (DS51025) Comprehensive guide that describes installation features Microchip's MPLAB Integrated Development Environment (IDE), well editor simulator functions MPLAB environment. MPASMUser's Guide with MPLINKObject Linker MPLIBObject Librarian (DS33014) Describes Microchip Universal PICmicro Microcontroller Assembler (MPASM), Linker (MPLINK), Librarian (MPLIB). Technical Library CD-ROM (DS00161) This CD-ROM contains comprehensive data sheets Microchip PICmicro® devices available time print. obtain this disk, contact nearest Microchip Sales Service location (see back page) download individual data sheet files from Microchip site (http://www.microchip.com). Embedded Control Handbook (DS00711) This handbook consists several documents that contain wealth information about microcontroller applications. obtain these documents, contact nearest Microchip Sales Service location (see back page). application notes described these manuals also obtainable from Microchip Sales Service locations from Microchip site (http://www.microchip.com). PICmicroMid-Range Family Reference Manual (DS33023) PICmicro® Family Reference Manual (DS39500) These manuals explain general details operation mid-range advanced family architecture peripheral modules. They designed complement device data sheets. Microsoft® Windows® Manuals This manual assumes that users familiar with Microsoft Windows operating system. Many excellent references exist this software program, should consulted general operation Windows.
Troubleshooting
Chapter information common problems.
Microchip Internet Site
Microchip provides online support Microchip World Wide (WWW) site. site used Microchip means make files information easily available customers. view site, user must have access Internet browser, such Netscape® Communicator Microsoft® Internet Explorer®. Files also available download from site.
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Preface
Connecting Microchip Internet Site Microchip site available using your favorite Internet browser attach http://www.microchip.com file transfer site available using program/client connect ftp://ftp.microchip.com site file transfer site provide variety services. Users download files latest Development Tools, Data Sheets, Application Notes, User's Guides, Articles, Sample Programs. variety Microchip specific business information also available, including listings Microchip sales offices, distributors factory representatives. Other data points available consideration are: Latest Microchip Press Releases Technical Support Section with Frequently Asked Questions Design Tips Device Errata Postings Microchip Consultant Program Member Listing Links other useful sites related Microchip Products Conferences Products, Development Systems, Technical Information more Listing Seminars Events
Development Systems Customer Notification Service
Microchip started customer notification service help customers keep current Microchip products with least amount effort. Once subscribe, will receive email notification whenever change, update, revise have errata related your specified product family development tool interest. Microchip page (http://www.microchip.com) click Customer Change Notification under Items Interest. Follow instructions register. Development Systems product group categories are: Compilers Emulators In-Circuit Debuggers MPLAB Programmers
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Here description these categories: Compilers latest information Microchip compilers, linkers assemblers. These include MPLAB compiler, MPLAB® compiler, MPLINKObject Linker well MPLIBObject Librarian) MPASMAssembler. Emulators latest information Microchip in-circuit emulators. These include MPLAB® 2000 PICMASTER® Emulator. In-Circuit Debuggers latest information Microchip in-circuit debuggers. This includes MPLAB® ICD. MPLAB latest information Microchip MPLAB® IDE, Windows Integrated Development Environment development systems tools. This list focused MPLAB IDE, MPSIMSimulator, MPLAB Project Manager general editing debugging features. Programmers latest information Microchip PICmicro device programmers. These include MATE® device programmer PICSTART® Plus development programmer.
Customer Support
Users Microchip products receive assistance through several channels: Distributor Representative Local Sales Office Field Application Engineer (FAE) Corporate Applications Engineer (CAE) Hotline
Customers should call their distributor, representative, field application engineer (FAE) support. Local sales offices also available help customers. back cover listing sales offices locations. Corporate applications engineers (CAEs) contacted (480) 792-7627. addition, there Systems Information Upgrade Line. This line provides system users listing latest versions Microchip's development systems software products. Plus, this line provides information customers receive currently available upgrade kits. Hotline Numbers are: 1-800-755-2345 U.S. most Canada, 1-480-792-7302 rest world.
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Chapter Introduction PICDEM Board Introduction
PICDEM Demonstration Board been created introduce developers Microchip's latest family high-end devices ROMless microcontroller. board provides sufficient hardware investigate many possible interfaces both 8-bit 16-bit external memory devices, using both FLASH SRAM. Ample prototype area, well access control signals, allows developers experiment with applications this family controllers. provided on-board monitor firmware host interface software allows users load execute code, fully evaluate performance ROMless controller based prototypes.
Highlights
This chapter covers following: PICDEM Demonstration contents PICDEM Demonstration Board features On-Board Monitor Interface Host Software
Demonstration Kit: What's
Your Demonstration contains following items: PICDEM Demonstration Board, complete with Microchip PIC18C801 microcontroller universal power supply (110-230 input, output) Demonstration Board serial cable (DB9, connectors) programming communicating with board PICDEM Software CD-ROM, containing host interface software other Microchip development tools This manual Warranty Registration card
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PICDEM18R User's Guide PICDEM Demonstration Board
PICDEM board most common features begin developing applications with ROMless microcontrollers. pre-programmed firmware allows developers board with PIC18C801 right box, with additional programming configuration. Much hardware configuration done changing on-board switch settings, examination configurations simple process. that needed program board with user software PC-compatible computer with available serial port. (See "Getting Started" chapter more detailed information.)
Figure 1.1: PICDEM Board
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Introduction PICDEM Board
Features PICDEM board include: MICROCONTROLLER SOCKETS: PLCC sockets provided user's choice Microchip PICmicro ROMless microcontrollers. options 68-pin socket (1a) PIC18C601, 84-pin socket (1b) PIC18C801. board equipped from factory with PIC18C801 high-end microcontroller installed 84-pin socket. Note: Only microcontroller installed Demonstration Board time.
FLASH MEMORY: 29F160-compatible FLASH device provides Mbyte program storage. device configured either 8-bit 16-bit modes. SRAM MEMORY: SRAM devices provided, only which used given time. AS7C1026 (3a) provides Kwords storage, organized 16-bit mode. AS7C1024 (3b) provides Kbytes storage, organized 8-bit mode. device that actually used determined addressing mode used microcontroller, selected configuration switches (below). CONFIGURATION SWITCHES: Four switches provided quickly change Demonstration Board's operating mode. These determine microcontroller being used, memory width, memory device(s) used. Settings described detail Chapter COMPLEX PROGRAMMABLE LOGIC DEVICE (CPLD): PICDEM board uses Xilinx® XC9536 CPLD manage board configuration control signals memory devices, based factoryloaded configuration file. Changing configuration file device's gate programming discussed greater detail Chapter EEPROM: 24LC16 serial EEPROM included developers creating full range prototype devices. This Kbits device which programmable two-wire I2Cinterface. OSCILLATOR OPTIONS: Demonstration Board prefabricated with crystal (6.144 MHz). board also configured oscillator, prefabricated ("canned") oscillator module. socket (Y2) provided latter. RESET PUSH BUTTON: This switch tied MCLR controller, used reset program currently loaded into memory. USER-DEFINED PUSH BUTTONS: These switches connected digital pins microcontroller (RB4 PORTB), available user designated purposes. USER-DEFINED POTENTIOMETER: kOhm potentiometer connected analog microcontroller (RA0 PORTA). This available user designated analog input. BANK: group eight LEDs provided on-board diagnostic use, well other user defined purposes.
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CONNECTOR: This 14-pin header allows user connect standard controller module (such Hitachi HD4478 equivalent) Demonstration Board. POWER LED: This shows when power applied Demonstration Board. RJ-11 (SIX-WIRE) MODULAR CONNECTOR: This allows Demonstration Board connected Microchip MPLAB systems microcontroller debugging. RS-232 (DB9M) CONNECTOR: This allows Demonstration Board programmed through standard serial connection. RS-232 connector also used standard serial port prototype applications. POWER CONNECTOR: barrel jack connector provides power input from supplied external power adapter. on-board fullwave bridge allows either power input. On-board regulators provide separate sources analog digital circuits. CPLD PROGRAMMING CONNECTOR (JTAG CONNECTOR): This allows direct reprogramming CPLD array. MEMORY DAUGHTER BOARD HEADERS: These 28-pin connectors provide complete selection address, data control lines between PICDEM board external memory devices. Address data provided both multiplexed de-multiplexed forms. This allows users work with memory devices other than FLASH SRAM devices provided, adding their prototype memory boards. PROTOTYPE AREA HEADER: This group connectors provides full complement signals, well analog digital power sources, with prototype area (below). PROTOTYPE AREA: adjacent grids (12x55 5x45) provided users breadboard additional circuitry development. fourlayer construction board provides access address, data, control signals layers, with separate power ground layers other two.
On-Board Monitor Firmware
PICDEM Demonstration Board also comes with preloaded monitor firmware. firmware provides general purpose host interface verifying programming memory, well bootloader on-board diagnostic system. features operation discussed Chapter
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Introduction PICDEM Board Host Software
Also provided with PICDEM Demonstration host software package Microsoft Windows based systems. Together with onboard monitor firmware, this software provides simple interface reading, verifying programming on-board memory, well verifying board operation. application compatible with 32-bit versions Windows, only requires available serial port communicate with Demonstration Board. software covered more detail Chapter
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Chapter Getting Started with PICDEM Board Highlights
This chapter will cover following topics: Hardware Software Requirements Host Computer Setting Test System Establishing Communications
Host Computer Requirements
communicate with program PICDEM board, must have system that meets following hardware software requirements: PC-compatible system with Intel® 80486 class higher processor, equivalent minimum minimum available hard drive space CD-ROM drive (for with accompanying available standard serial port, with matching port available through operating system Microsoft Windows Windows Windows Windows 2000
Using PICDEM Board First Time
evaluating PICDEM board, simplest configuration uses host computer connected directly board using serial cable. Creating this setup involves following steps: Installing Host Software Connecting PICDEM board Host System Starting Host Software
2.3.1
Installing Host Software
installation host software package completely automated, does require user intervention configuration once process started. process identical 32-bit Windows operating systems.
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Users with Windows Windows 2000® desktops need have administrative rights their systems this installation. Closing background applications before proceeding helpful, required. Note: possible that some organizations implement desktop computer policy sufficiently restrictive prevent user from loading software all. theory, this done with 32-bit Windows operating system network including Windows 95®. this describes your situation, contact your local Information Services provider assistance installing this software.
install host software: Insert PICDEM Software into your system's CD-ROM drive. Double-click Computer", then icon CD-ROM. Double-click "Setup.exe" icon. Installation will proceed automatically, take minutes. Alternatively, installation selecting from Start menu. dialog box, enter x:\setup where drive letter your CD-ROM. installation process will install host software package, well collection source code files, tutorials demonstrations. files installed default directory "PICDEM-18R" under root level your hard drive. source code tutorials their directory structures covered more detail Chapter demonstration/tutorial software also covered Appendix
2.3.2
Connecting PICDEM Board
basic connections shown Figure Power down host system. (This isn't strictly necessary, it's always good safety idea particularly need re-arrange cables move system.) Unbox unwrap board, non-conductive surface near host system. isn't installed already, install PIC18C801 controller larger PLCC sockets (U2). Check that controller completely seated, that pins making contact.
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Getting Started with PICDEM Board
Serial Cable (DB9 DB9)
Serial Port (COM1 COM2)
Serial Port from Power Supply
PICDEM Board
Host Computer
Figure 2.1: Connections between PICDEM Board Host Computer four configuration switches (S1) position (closer prototype area board). Connect serial cable (supplied kit) RS-232 connector board, then open serial port your computer. Note: Most PC-compatible desktop computers have serial ports: male (pin) connector, while other either male DB25 male connector. your available serial port latter, will need DB25F-to-DB9M port adapter, sometimes known "external modem adapter". Check with your local electronics parts store your Information Services provider additional information.
Connect barrel plug power supply Power Input jack board. Plug power adapter into your wall socket power strip. Check PICDEM board. green Power should lit. isn't, check connections with power supply board. additional assistance, refer Chapter ("Troubleshooting").
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Press hold RESET user push buttons S6); release RESET button, then LEDs should flash momentarily then turn off, indicating that monitor firmware routine operating. LEDs flash turn off, verify that switches position, that processor properly installed. additional assistance, refer Chapter ("Troubleshooting") Power host system.
2.3.3
Starting Host Software
With software installed PICDEM board connected, need actually start host software confirm communications. From Start menu, select Programs Microchip PICDEM PICDEM 18R; From command window (DOS window Windows 95/98), enter C:\PICDEM-18R\MCHPPRGRMR.EXE However started, Host Program window should appear (Figure 2.2).
Figure 2.2: Host Program Window Start-up toolbar, select either Primary (FLASH) Secondary (SRAM) memory. Select appropriate port from drop-down menu. From Operation menu, select Read. Alternatively, shortcut combination <Ctrl-R>. main window will fill with grid hexadecimal digits their equivalent display characters, starting 000000h (for FLASH), 020000h (for SRAM). This confirms that board software working properly (Figure 2.3).
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Getting Started with PICDEM Board
Figure 2.3: Host Program Reading Memory "Command Error" dialog appears ("Did receive from board."), verify that board properly connected, that proper serial port selected. additional assistance, refer Chapter ("Troubleshooting"). When read on-board memory devices, ready continue with evaluating programming board.
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Chapter Configuring PICDEM Board Highlights
This chapter will cover following topics: Memory Mapping Configuration Switches Complex Programmable Logic Device (CPLD) Memory Devices Oscillator Configurations On-Board Controls Displays RS-232 Port Modular Connector
Memory Mapping
PICDEM board, memory external controllers divided into categories. Primary memory consists on-board FLASH memory, controlled signal CS1#. Secondary memory consists on-board SRAM, controlled signal CS2#. Primary memory, FLASH, device that normally mapped into controller's memory space when operating under on-board monitor. either Controller mode, first Kbyte FLASH software write-protected area containing monitor itself, well boot loader memory-mapped region. FLASH memory available above this user programming area, extent that selected controller address This shown diagram Figure (following page). Secondary memory available single Kbyte block. When on-board monitor running requested host software, Secondary memory located into memory space starting 020000h (128K), immediately above write-protected space. When board operating PIC18C601 mode, CS2# signal generated CPLD (Section 3.4). When on-board monitor disabled, entire memory space available user programming. Secondary memory located anywhere from 002000h (8K) limit controller's address space. complete discussion device memory mapping, Boot memorymapped (the CSELIO region) beyond scope this manual. detailed discussion provided DS39541, PIC18C601/801 Device Data Sheet. Additional information implementing ROMless interfaces also available from Microchip site.
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Memory Assignment PIC18C801 000000h Bootloader CSELIO Region 01FFFFh 020000h SRAM FLASH
Memory Assignment PIC18C601 000000h Bootloader CSELIO Region 01FFFFh 020000h FLASH 03FFFFh swapped into memory 02000h under software control
NOPs
1FFFFFh Software Write protected Contains boot loader, on-board tester memory-mapped region User code area Unavailable
Figure 3.1: Memory Maps PICDEM Board (Monitor Mode)
Configuration Switches
four switches Demonstration Board control basic configuration. Their functions listed Table 3.1.
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Configuring PICDEM Board
Table 3.1: PICDEM Configuration Switch Settings Switch Number Name MCU_SEL Function Selects active socket defines microcontroller mode. OFF: PIC18C801 (Default) PIC18C601 Defines memory width. OFF: 16-bit (Default) 8-bit Enables disables primary (FLASH) memory. OFF: Enable FLASH memory, disable CS1_EXT# signal (Default) Disable FLASH memory, enable CS1_EXT# signal Enables disables SRAM (secondary memory). OFF: Enable SRAM, disable CS2_EXT# signal (Default) Disable SRAM, enable CS2_EXT# signal
BW_SEL
FLASH_DIS
SRAM_DIS
Note
Even though switch selects active socket, does completely disable other socket. this reason, only controller socket occupied time. leave both PIC18C601 PIC18C801 their respective sockets same time! change other configuration switches while board powered
Complex Programmable Logic Device (CPLD)
many different memory configurations available PIC18C601 PIC18C801 microcontrollers creates difficult situation. Each configuration requires different combination control signals address/data demultiplexing order work. While these arrangements clearly defined supporting documentation, accommodating required hardware configurations circuit board extremely challenging. Implementing proper configuration just combination multiple jumpers switches could prove taxing even most patient developer.
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simplify process, Demonstration Board uses Xilinx® CPLD manage board configuration. Based settings configuration switches values stored configuration registers, CPLD generates necessary control signals (Chip Select, Write Enable Demultiplexing) each on-board memory devices. addition, CPLD also manages memory-mapped write control bank, well general-purpose chip select signals available user.
3.4.1
Configuration Registers
board power-up, CPLD uses current value configuration switch enable controller configuration. This turn determines values register CS_CONFIG, two-bit write-only register (Table 3.2). register located CSELIO region memory, offset 0EFh from CSELIO base address; user software modify this register. this write-only register, users must implement shadow register track value. Table 3.2: CS_CONFIG REGISTER BITS Name Description PIC601_CS2_EN: Control generate CS2# addresses 20000h generate CS2# (default) Generate CS2# addresses 20000h Note: This ignored PIC18C801 mode. SWAP_CS: Swap CS1# CS2#. swap chip select signals (default) Swap chip select signals
SWAP_CS particularly useful, allowing users program external FLASH devices using Chip Select Note: avoid accidental execution unprogrammed code, SWAP_CS when executing code from within Boot only. Clear CS_SWAP before exiting Boot RAM.
3.4.2
Chip Select Signals
CPLD generates three additional signals management bank, well user Chip Selects. They listed Table 3.3.
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Configuring PICDEM Board
Table 3.3: CPLD Managed Chip Select Signals Signal DO_EN0 Location Description
CSELIO+000h Latch enable (active high) write 8-bit port register: this signal automatically handles WRH# WRL# conditions CSELIO+002h Memory-mapped I/O, Chip Select (active low): available user, must gated with WRH#, WRL# perform memorymapped Write Read operation CSELIO+004h Memory-mapped I/O, Chip Select (active low): available user, must gated with WRH#, WRL# perform memorymapped Write Read operation
IO_CS1#
IO_CS#2
3.4.3
Programming CPLD
gate array CPLD determined preloaded configuration file (which also provided with Demonstration software along with VHDL source file). device directly reprogrammed through JTAG connector. discussion CPLD programming beyond scope this guide. number hardware software tools creating VHDL configuration files programming CPLDs available market. Users need more information this topic check Xilinx site, www.xilinx.com.
Memory Devices
3.5.1 FLASH Memory
29F160D device provided with Demonstration Board configured operate either 8-bit 16-bit mode. Configuration switch (Section Table 3.1) selects mode. PICDEM monitor firmware pre-programmed into on-board FLASH memory. FLASH erased, must reprogrammed. This done with either: MPLAB system, PIC18C658/858, acting programmer source code Microchip PIC18C658 programmer (which pincompatible with PIC18C601) provided with Demonstration Board accompanying CD-ROM. this file with supplied host software reprogram FLASH.
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3.5.2 SRAUnlike FLASH memory, on-board SRAM only operate mode. this reason, devices provided. AS7C1026 chip operates 16-bit mode, provides Kword storage (equivalent Kbyte). AS7C1024 chip operates 8-bit mode, provides Kbyte. Only device used given time; this automatically selected configuration switch
3.5.3
Using External Memory
Developers limited using memory devices provided PICDEM board. number different FLASH SRAM devices connected memory prototype headers. doing this, however, necessary disable both on-board memories. external memory device, either configuration switch This disables FLASH SRAM, while activating CS1_EXT# CS2_EXT# signal. (See Table details.) These signals will select devices present memory expansion header using Chip Select Chip Select respectively. Setting both switches will disable onboard memory. switch between on-board external memory devices without resetting board; otherwise, erratic operation result. Also keep mind that disabling FLASH memory also disables resident monitor firmware. This will make impossible access board with host software.
3.5.4
EEPROThe 24LC16 serial EEPROM provided function Demonstration Board. provided strictly convenience users development applications. EEPROM capacity Kbits, programmed interface device address
Oscillator Configurations
Demonstration Board designed accommodate three different types main oscillator: Crystal-controlled oscillator oscillator Self-contained oscillator module ("canned" oscillator) shipped, board configured with crystal-controlled oscillator, using soldered 6.144 crystal. While this arrangement provides greatest frequency accuracy stability, suitable applications (i.e., power consumption designs). implement other options, will necessary users make changes board.
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Configuring PICDEM Board
3.6.1 Oscillator Module
socket (Y2) been provided with standard "canned" oscillators. Before populating this socket, will necessary de-solder remove on-board crystal (Y1). oscillator option been previously used, will necessary remove C27. user's responsibility select module with frequency compatible with controller.
3.6.2
Oscillator
on-board crystal (Y1) must de-soldered removed. oscillator module been installed, will necessary remove from socket (Y2). network oscillator provided, must added user. Pads (located vicinity provided addition these components. nominal values these components kOhm respectively. different clock frequency needed, user's responsibility select values these components obtain frequency compatible with controller.
On-Board Controls Displays
3.7.1 RESET (MCLR) Switch
RESET switch (MCLR, distinct uses. reset application programmed into PICDEM board default state: Press release RESET switch. return programmed board control resident monitor firmware ("Return-to-Monitor" Reset): Press hold both RESET switch Release RESET switch, then Release board will respond briefly flashing eight LEDs. Note: Return-to-Monitor Reset will only work on-board FLASH been neither disabled erased.
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3.7.2 User Potentiometer Switches
Potentiometer switches provided analog digital inputs user defined applications. noted, potentiometer connected analog PORTA, while switches connected digital pins PORTB. Several tutorials described Appendix demonstrate these controls used applications.
3.7.3
Display Header
Connector LCD1 provides interface optional external display device. Specifically, designed compatible with display modules using Hitatchi HD4478 controller, equivalent. used 4-bit write-only mode; since read capability provided, operations with display followed with delays compensate display delays. interface provides four data lines control lines. Since these signals multiplexed with some converter channels, important verify that module disabled before attempting write display.
3.7.4
Bank
addition their visual reset indicator on-board diagnostic routine, eight LEDs through also available user defined applications. LEDs controlled write-only register, located CSELIO base address. user developed code needs provide shadow register read status LEDs.
RS-232 Port
previously noted, RS-232 serial port used with on-board monitor firmware host software program memory devices. port used exclusively this; however, used conjunction with microcontroller's USART module compatible application that developer wish prototype.
Modular Connector
addition being stand-alone demonstration unit, PICDEM board also used target board with Microchip MPLAB® module. six-wire modular plug (J2) provides necessary signal connections MPLAB Please refer instructions with MPLAB more information.
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Highlights
PICDEM18R USER'S GUIDE
Chapter On-Board Monitor Firmware
This chapter covers following: On-Board Monitor Overview APIs External Memory Devices
On-Board Monitor Overview
PICDEM board preprogrammed with necessary firmware make functional directly box. This on-board firmware (also referred this manual resident monitor) works conjunction with host software provide general purpose interface board. Users software/firmware combination examine clear memory, well program code directly on-board devices. firmware also provides simple bootloader on-board diagnostic routine.
Power-Up
Jump 20000h Execute User Code
Flash LEDs
Done Perform On-Board Diagnostics
Host Command? Return Execute Command Return Result
Successful?
Display rolling LEDs forever
Display blinking error code forever
Figure 4.1: High Level Operation Monitor Firmware
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on-board monitor stored FLASH device, starting address 00h. When FLASH enabled, monitor invoked whenever "Return-toMonitor" Reset used (Section 3.7.1). simplified flow chart monitor power-up sequence shown Figure 4.1.
APIs External Memory Devices
make PICDEM board more useful developers, monitor firmware also implements flexible mechanism support types memory devices. necessary memory management routines loaded into Boot power-up; these modified loading routines through host software. Additionally, standard Applications Programming Interfaces, APIs, used support user supplied routines. These detailed sections below. order enforce reasonable type checking, Microchip linker script (memrtnes.lkr) been provided with host software files. recommended that developers wish their memory devices either this, format code according restrictions spelled file. additional guidance, developers should assembler file flash29f.asm reference creating memory routines.
4.3.1
Memory Write
Purpose Prototype Input Write 8-bit value memory location defined 32-bit address WREG Write (DWORD Address, BYTE byte, BYTE Flag)
Address: Byte: Flag:
32-bit address location 8-bit data being written 8-bit value which specifies location byte terms total data written, well current mode
Flag conforms format xxxx tbdd where: xxxx unused controller type: PIC18C601 PIC18C801 width: 8-bit 16-bit data position: first byte being written last byte being written only byte being written intermediate byte being written
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On-Board Monitor Firmware
Output WREG: Result code this function WREG==00h Function successful ELSE There error, which explained value
4.3.2
Memory Erase
Purpose Prototype Input Erase available memory locations WREG Erase (BYTE flag) Flag: 8-bit value which defines current mode (data location variables used). Section 4.3.2 (Memory Erase API) explanation. Result code this function WREG==00h Function successful ELSE There error, which explained value
Output
WREG:
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Chapter Using Host Software
Highlights
This chapter will cover following topics: Host Software Overview Host Software Window Host Software Commands Using Software
Host Software Overview
software provided with PICDEM board second part interface between board user. While resident monitor (described previous chapter) actually implements functionality, host software provides user-friendly manipulating on-board memory. features accessible from single window, allow users Examine memory contents Examine Intel files (INHX8M, INHX85, INHX32) Program memory devices Execute loaded programs Erase memory devices Perform host-enabled board diagnostics
Host Software Window
previously noted, entire functionality host software accessed from window (Figure 5.1). This window four main areas, discussed more detail below. From bottom, they are: Menu Toolbar Main Window Status
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Figure 5.1: Typical Host Software Window
5.3.1
Menu
menu provides list main choices with drop-down submenus, presented standard Windows format. Many principle commands also accessible through shortcut combinations. complete list commands discussed detail Section 5.4.
5.3.2
Toolbar
most commonly used commands from menu also duplicated icon-based toolbar, shown Figure 5.2. before, commands explained Section 5.4.
Save Open
Erase Verify Write Read Program
Execute Board Test Execute Code Download Routines Abort (available only during memory operations)
Figure 5.2: Host Software Toolbar
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Using Host Software
There single option toolbar that duplicated command menu: port drop-down combo used select port host software. Valid options COM1 through COM6, inclusive.
5.3.3
Main Window
main window displays actual contents selected memory device file, along with ASCII representation each byte. Data arranged rows bytes, representing least significant digit address. Rows stacked with bottom memory range starting screen moving downward, with most significant digits address displayed left.
5.3.4
Status
This area contains explanatory error messages operation progress. During execution memory operations, left side status keeps continuously updated account memory address being operated upon.
Host Software Commands
5.4.1 Windows Commands
available commands host software categorized their menu association. They grouped File, Operation, Tools. File commands operate existing Intel files; they contents memory devices. Commands available this submenu are: Command Shortcut Toolbar Purpose Empties file buffer clears main window; prepares software file. Load file. Close currently displayed file clear buffer main window. Save current buffer contents. file unnamed, invokes dialog name file specify location. Saves current buffer file under name. Invokes dialog name file specify location. Closes current file exits program.
<CTRL-N>
Open Close Save
<CTRL-O>
<CTRL-S>
Save
<F12>
Exit
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Operation commands operate memory devices themselves. Commands available this submenu are: Command Program Shortcut <CTRL-P> Toolbar Purpose Downloads current buffer contents into selected device; performs erase before writing device. Downloads writes current buffer contents into selected device. Reads contents selected device into buffer displays on-board FLASH, operation starts 00h. on-board SRAM, operation starts 020000h. Erases entire contents selected device (excluding monitor). Compares current buffer contents with that selected device. Downloads current buffer contents into Boot area controller. Note: Only first bytes buffer downloaded. Reads contents Boot into buffer displays Selects Primary memory (FLASH) target device subsequent operations. Selects Secondary memory (SRAM) target device subsequent operations. Terminates current memory operation.
Write Read
<CTRL-W> <CTRL-R>
Erase
<CTRL-E>
Verify Download Memory Routines
<CTRL-V>
<CTRL-M>
Read Memory Routines Select Primary Memory
Select Secondary Memory Abort <CTRL-A>
Note:
Interrupting program write operation cause unpredictable memory states, which result erratic operation. This require erasing reprogramming device.
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Using Host Software
Tool commands related general board operations. commands this submenu are: Command Execute Shortcut Toolbar Purpose Causes processor jump beginning address current device begin execution code. Note: accurately execute file, write appropriate device, then this command. Initiates host controlled board diagnostic routine.
<CTRL-X>
Test Board <CTRL-T>
There only option Help submenu. This brings dialog displaying current software revision.
5.4.2
Command Line Options
host software also invoked from command line. syntax command MCHPPRGRMR.EXE [/?] [/pCOM<n>] [/b<BAUD>] where displays command-line help /pCOMn defines port used (valid values through /b<BAUD> defines baud rate selected port (valid values those defined Windows serial ports under Device Manager, with default 19,200 bps) Starting host software this launches regular Windows based GUI, previously described. other command line options available with software. Note must proper directory (PICDEM 18R) order launch host software from command line. intend command line option frequently, consider adding directory your current PATH command (Windows 98), environment variables (Windows 2000). default communication rate 19,200 programmed into PICDEM board's firmware. wish different communication speed, will need modify on-board firmware, addition changing rate host software.
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PICDEM18R User's Guide Notes Using Host Software
commands provided host software straightforward, generally self-explanatory. dialog boxes which appear (such Open File Save File) standard Windows dialogs. When using host software, keep following principles mind: host software does have facilities edit files. will still need assembler, compiler, other file editing tool make changes file disk. Similarly, file loaded into memory device buffer cannot modified; file must saved disk, modified appropriate editor, then reloaded. Memory Read operation does automatically check memory device upper boundary; will continue read past upper physical boundary device. After memory read operation read area memory that you're interested stop operation clicking Abort icon. dialog that follows, answer "yes" continue (i.e., continue with command stop operation). Abort command will also halt program, write erase operations. Keep mind that stopping these operations prematurely require that device reprogrammed. When Abort command used these operations, dialog will display reminder this effect.
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Chapter Troubleshooting
Highlights
This chapter discusses following: Common issues with PICDEM Board, solve them Diagnostic Tests
Common Issues
Power Check PICDEM board power: Verify that power supply plugged wall outlet power. Check that voltage available VDC) barrel plug. original power supply being used, check appropriate voltage (9V, current level (approximately barrel plug. Check that regulated voltage VDC) available connectors prototype area board.
bank does flash after performing "Return-toMonitor" Reset (switches Verify that performing Return-to-Monitor Reset sequence correctly: after pushing holding both switches, release (MCLR) first, then Pressing alone will only reset user loaded programs. Check that board receiving power (Issue above). Verify that configuration switch position. Verify that correct controller selected with switch (OFF PIC18C801, PIC18C601). After performing Return-to-Monitor Reset, read Primary Secondary (on-board) memories using host software: Read successful (returns values with error messages), there hardware problem with LEDs driver Read successful values returned, error message Acknowledge signal from board), FLASH device have been cleared damaged, resident monitor longer present. will necessary reprogram board using MPLAB equivalent tool.
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host system can't communicate with PICDEM board Check that board receiving power (see Issue above). Check serial cable proper connections board host computer. Verify that cable connected correct serial port host computer. Verify that proper port selected host software toolbar. verify that selected part working (use Windows "Device Manager"). necessary, verify serial cable swapping another cable that known good. After some operations (such test), necessary reset board. Perform Return-to-Monitor Reset, attempt read either Primary Secondary memory. steps fail, FLASH device have been erased, damaged. will necessary reprogram board using MPLAB equivalent tool. host system communicates with board, cannot programmed Check serial communications problems (see Issue above). Perform Return-to-Monitor Reset, then programming again. Verify that target memory device selected. on-board devices, appropriate configuration switch must (switch FLASH, switch SRAM). external devices connected memory prototype headers, configuration switch must (switch controlled devices, switch controlled devices). Perform board diagnostic tests verify that on-board memory devices working properly.
Diagnostic Tests
PICDEM board receiving power communicating, still working correctly, there other hardware issues present. assist diagnosing these issues, board testing routine been provided onboard firmware. different tests available: stand-alone board test quick verification; host software managed version
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Troubleshooting
6.3.1 Stand-Alone Diagnostic
This test used when host system unavailable, communication with host cannot established. performs automatic tests that also with host managed diagnostic, uses LEDs provide feedback. test: With board powered down, configuration switch using PIC18C801) (for PIC18C601). other configuration switches OFF. Apply power board. Simultaneously press release three push button switches (MCLR, S7). eight LEDs will light. Press either This will cause four LEDs blank (D1-D4 D5-D8 S7). Press other switch blank other four LEDs. Turn potentiometer fully counterclockwise stop, then slowly turn clockwise. bank will begin count upward binary sequence (D1, Least Significant bit) potentiometer advanced. When binary count longer advances, stop turning potentiometer. host software will complete diagnostic test automatically. After seconds, system will return results test: test completed successfully, bank displays continuous scrolling pattern. failure discovered, more LEDs will flash rapidly indicate failure source follows:
Blinking LED(s) together
Meaning FLASH erase error FLASH write error SRAM write error
Action Review test repeat, needed Replace FLASH device (U10) Review test repeat, needed Replace FLASH device (U10) Review test repeat, needed Replace SRAM device (U9)
Note:
Disabling on-board SRAM (setting switch will show diagnostic test SRAM failure. Disabling on-board FLASH device will disable resident monitor diagnostic test. diagnostic test fails run, always check setting switch first. must OFF.
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6.3.2 Host Managed Diagnostic
order this test, following conditions assumed: host software been installed working properly. board correctly connected host system. on-board monitor firmware present (i.e. on-board FLASH device been cleared). test: With board powered down, configuration switch using PIC18C801) (for PIC18C601). other configuration switches OFF. Launch host software. Apply power board. Perform Return-to-Monitor Reset. host software, either: Select Tools Test from toolbar, Click "Test Board" icon eight LEDs will light. Press This will cause four LEDs blank (D1-D4 D5-D8 S7). Press other switch blank other four LEDs. Turn potentiometer fully counterclockwise stop, then slowly turn clockwise. bank will begin count upward binary sequence (D1, Least Significant bit) potentiometer advanced. When binary count longer advances, stop turning potentiometer. host software will complete diagnostic test automatically. After seconds, system will return results test. test successful, eight LEDs will light, message "Complete" will displayed left status host software window. error found, error code will returned status bar:
Error Code
Meaning FLASH erase error FLASH write error SRAM write error
Action Review test repeat, needed Replace FLASH device (U10) Review test repeat, needed Replace FLASH device (U10) Review test repeat, needed Replace SRAM device (U9)
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Troubleshooting
test will all, verify board-to-computer connections (see Issue above), that FLASH device been disabled. test still does run, likely that FLASH monitor firmware have been erased, will need reprogrammed.
Note:
Disabling on-board SRAM (setting switch will show diagnostic test SRAM failure. Disabling on-board FLASH device will disable resident monitor diagnostic test. diagnostic test fails run, always check setting switch first. must OFF.
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Appendix PICDEM Board Technical Information Highlights
This chapter will cover following topics: PICDEM Block Diagram PICDEM Schematics PICDEM Header Pinouts
Block Diagram
Figure A.1: PICDEM Development Board Functional Block Diagram
RS-232 Port Oscillator FLASH Memory ADDRESS DATA CONTROL
Address Latch PIC18C601
User Push Buttons User Potentiometer Header Prototype Area
PIC18C801
(PIC18C801 only
8-bit Switch
SRAM
CPLD PORT
SRAM
Switches
Bank Address Data Multiplexed Address Data Control
PROTOTYPE AREA HEADER
MEMORY PROTOTYPE HEADERS
Note
De-multiplexed data 8-bit mode only.
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PICDEM18R User's Guide PICDEM Board Schematics
Note: Board Schematic file "PICDEM-18R Schematics.pdf" found "PICDEM Microchip site. Table A.1: Special Signals Used PICDEM Schematic Signal Name AD<15:0> A<16:0> A<19:17> Address/Data bits De-multiplexed address bits common both MCUs Address bits available PIC18C801 only. These signals pulled when PIC18C801 present. De-multiplexed data bits from PIC18C801 De-multiplexed data bits common both MCUs Selection AD<7:0> DD<7:0> depending 8-bit multiplexed de-multiplexed option 16-bit mode 8-bit mode Digital input CPLD select Digital input CPLD select 8-bit 16-bit Digital input CPLD enable/disable on-board FLASH memory Digital input CPLD enable/disable on-board SRAM memories Digital output from CPLD select 8-bit/16-bit multiplexed Digital output from CPLD select 8-bit de-multiplexed On-board FLASH memory chip select signal On-board 8-bit SRAM memory chip select signal On-board 16-bit SRAM memory chip select signal Chip select external memory this activated when on-board FLASH disabled Chip select external memory this activated when on-board SRAM disabled signal generated from WRH# WRL# depending current memory interface mode Digital output enable output latch when memory mapped write performed Extra memory mapped chip select signal Extra memory mapped chip select signal Function
DD<7:0> D<15:8> D<7:0> D15_A0 MCU_SEL BW_SEL FLASH_DIS SRAM_DIS MUX_EN DMUX_EN CS1_FLASH# CS2_SRAM1# CS2_SRAM2# CS1_EXT# CS2_EXT# DO_EN0 IO_CS1# IO_CS2#
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PICDEM Board Technical Information Pinouts Memory Prototype Headers
Table A.2: External Memory Headers AD10 AD12 AD14 WRH# IO_CS2 CSIO# AD11 AD13 AD15 CS2_EXT WRL# RESET# D15_A0 IO_CS1#
CS1_EXT#
Table A.3: Controller Header Signal Signal
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Appendix PICDEM Software
Highlights
This chapter summarizes contents PICDEM Software CD-ROM.
What's
PICDEM includes following Microchip software tools support documentation. up-to-date contents, refer file "readme.txt" root level PICDEM Host Setup Software This contains necessary files install PICDEM host software described Chapter installation program also automatically creates folder PICDEM demonstration tutorial software described Appendix MPLAB® IDE, version 5.40 MPLAB Integrated Development Environment complete development environment Microchip PICmicro microcontroller families. Designed with Microsoft Windows operating system, MPLAB includes following tools: MPLAB Project Manager MPSIM Software Simulator MPLAB Editor MPASM Universal Macro Assembler PICmicro microcontrollers MPLINK Linker MPLIB Librarian
MPLAB also supports multiple source files, various compilers (including MPLAB C17/C18), third-party tools precompiled libraries. MPLAB® Support Files ROMless Microcontrollers These files extend capabilities MPLAB In-Circuit Debugger Kit, allowing operate with PICDEM board. using these files with MPLAB software, MPLAB module communicate with PICDEM board, allowing become target board debugger. Note: MPLAB module part MPLAB Evaluation Kit, which included with PICDEM Demonstration Kit.
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Application Notes ROMless Microcontrollers This folder contains latest information external memory interface ROMless devices developing applications. Product Information PIC18C601 PIC18C801 Microcontrollers This provides highlights technical summary Microchip's ROMless devices. PICDEM User's Guide This single file electronic version this Demonstration manual, provided Adobe® Acrobat® format. PICDEM Schematic File This file electronic version board schematics, provided Adobe Acrobat format.
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Appendix PICDEM Demonstration Software Highlights
This chapter summarizes demonstration tutorial code provided with PICDEM Development Kit.
Tutorials
installation host software automatically creates directory named "Tutorials". Each programs provided here demonstrate different programming concept used with PIC18C601/801 microcontrollers. list demonstrations provided Table 6.1. addition executable files, source code tutorial programs provided formats: assembler source files (*.asm) source files (*.c)
These organized separate folders within Tutorials folder. files provided compatible with latest versions Microchip Assembler (MPASM) Microchip MPLAB compiler. developer's convenience, listing, object error format files, well linker scripts that might needed, also provided. files each demonstration designed work directly with PICDEM monitor firmware with modification. tutorial will used conjunction with monitor firmware, source linker files must appropriately modified recompiled.
Table 6.1: Tutorial Programs Installed with Host Software Tutorial EEPROM MemIO Switch USART Boot Demo Demonstrates Analog-to-Digital Converter External serial EEPROM External Memory-mapped Writes port Digital Inputs PIC18C601/801 USART Module On-chip Boot On-chip Chip Select Signals general demonstration using LEDs Software controlled
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PICDEM18R USER'S GUIDE Index
Hooking Board Host Computer Requirements Host Software Command Line Options Commands Default Communication Speed Installation Main Window Menu Overview Status Toolbar
Module, with Complex Programmable Logic Device (CPLD) Configuration Registers Chip Select Signals Programming VHDL Configuration File Configuration Registers Configuration Switches BW_SEL FLASH_DIS MCU_SEL SRAM_DIS Connectors Power RJ-11 (six-wire), RS-232 CPLD Programming Connector Signal Signal .19, Customer Notification Service Customer Support
JTAG Connector
Display Header Pinout Bank
Memory EEPROM FLASH Primary .19, Secondary .19, SRAM Using External Devices Memory Daughter Board Headers Pinouts Memory (Monitor Mode) Microchip Internet Site Microcontroller Sockets MPLAB Connector Support Files MPLAB
Diagnostic Tests Error Codes Host Managed Stand-Alone Document Conventions Document Layout Documentation Numbering Conventions Updates
EEPROM External Memory APIs Memory Erase Memory Write
On-Board Monitor Firmware .10, Memory APIs Overview Oscillator Configurations Oscillator Module (Socket)
FLASH Memory
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PICDEM Demonstration Board Block Diagram Special Signals Schematic (Table) PICDEM Demonstration PICDEM Software Contents Potentiometers, User Defined Power Connector Power .10, Primary Memory Prototype Area Prototype Area Header Push Button Reset User Defined
Recommended Reading RESET Return-to-Monitor System Reset Resident Monitor. On-Board Monitor Firmware. RS-232 Port .10,
Secondary Memory Serial Port SRAM
Troubleshooting Communications Issues Diagnostic Error Codes Diagnostic Tests Power
Address
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Index
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