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Additional file AP082701.EXE available
ADIS51 Disassembler with One-Line Assembler 8051 C500 8-Bit Microcontroller Family
ADIS51 allows analysis program code microcontrollers 8051/C500 family. Program code different formats loaded displayed Hex-dump Disassembler format. Single instructions input using built-in Assembler. Program code flow instructions analysed written into Log-file list assembler source format. symbol operation provided using symbol definition file. Richard Schmid, Microcontroller Product Definition, Siemens Munich
Semiconductor Group
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ADIS51 Disassembler with One-Line Assembler 8051 C500 8-Bit Microcontroller Family
Contents
Page
Starting ADIS51 Main Menu Basic Function <F1> Loading Data File Basic Function <F2> Writing Memory Buffer Contents into HEX- BIN-Files Basic Function <F3> Selection Microcontroller Type Basic Function <F4> Disassembler One-Line Assembler Menu General Operation Memory Buffer Code Analysis Input Address Generation Log-File Basic Function <F5> Hex-Dump Menu General Operation Input Address Generation Log-File
Basic Function <F6> Overview Memory Buffer Usage Basic Function <F7> Selection Options Appendix Error Status Messages One-Line Assembler Conventions Definition Symbol Definition File
AP0827 ApNote Revision History Actual Revision 10.97 Rel. Previous Revision none (Original Version) Page Page actual Rev. prev.Rel. Subjects (changes since last release)
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ADIS51 Disassembler with One-Line Assembler 8051 C500 8-Bit Microcontroller Family
Starting ADIS51
program ADIS51.EXE MS-DOS program. started under MS-DOS MSDOS window Windows operating system. parameter added, ADIS51 comes 25line/80-columns text mode. also possible initiate program using 50-line text mode. This mode selected calling program ADIS51 After ADIS51 been started title screen displayed. Pressing further will turn main menu screen. When ADIS51 loaded, program searches file called ADIS51.SYM, which contains device, special function register, symbol definitions. this file present directory where ADIS51 located started, ADIS51 will operate without microcontroller specific register symbol. This capability symbol definitions external file allows very flexible adaption ADIS51 types 8051/C500 family microcontrollers with their different symbols. syntax symbol definition file shown appendix this ApNote.
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AP0827 10.97
ADIS51 Disassembler with One-Line Assembler 8051 C500 8-Bit Microcontroller Family
Main Menu
Figure shows main menu 25-line mode.
Figure Main Menu Screen ADIS51 main menu screen ADIS51 divided into three sections upper area screen lines), help area, shows actual available basic functions program related which used select these basic functions. middle area screen, display area, used display content byte memory buffer Disassembler Hex-dump menu. number text lines this area depends text mode, which ADIS51 started (16, lines). lower area screen lines), status area, used display status information error messages (see Appendix File names addresses also input this screen area. right part status area shows actual selected type microcontroller, defined symbol definition file, state Log-File (closed open). seven basic functions ADIS51 selected from main menu. These basic functions assigned function keys follows <F1> <F2> <F3> <F4> <F5> <F6> <F7> Loading data file different formats into ADIS51 memory buffer Writing ADIS51 memory buffer contents into file using HEX- BIN- format Selection microcontroller type (and symbols) Starting ADIS51 Disassembler One-Line Assembler function Starting ADIS51 Hex-dump function Display ADIS51 memory buffer usage (Code Info) Selection different options
Pressing <Esc> main menu will terminate ADIS51 program return DOS. Pressing other main menu results optical (error message) acustical warning.The following chapters describe each seven main menu basic functions detail.
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AP0827 10.97
ADIS51 Disassembler with One-Line Assembler 8051 C500 8-Bit Microcontroller Family
Basic Function <F1> Loading Data File
ADIS51 provides byte memory buffer which assigned used program memory buffer instructions data, which generated assembler compiler programs. These instructions data normally stored with absolute addresses data files using different formats. Figure shows types data formats which loaded ADIS51. HEX- OBJfile formats Intel type format.
Figure Data File Load Selection Window Pressing <F1> main menu ADIS51 opens window above requests input selection data file format. After selection data file format, ADIS51 requests input file name data file. Additionally, BIN-file format memory buffer start address requested which defines memory buffer address, where binary data placed (with incrementing memory buffer address). other data file formats provide address information whithin data file which used locate data file contents memory buffer. path data files names input must referenced directory where ADIS51 located either relative absolute format. When data file been found opened, ADIS51 analyses content transfers relevant data into memory buffer. During this transfer each byte memory buffer, which loaded byte data file, marked. This marking important code analysis capability. Further, bytes which have been loaded, displayed yellow color disassembler hex-dump function. After loading data file content, Code Info function (<F6> main menu) gives overview memory buffer usage. Prior loading memory buffer with contents data file, memory buffer completely written with 00H. This memory buffer initialization feature switched option (<F7> main menu). Remarks HEX-, OBJ-files HEX-files scanned records with record type 00H. Only code data information which placed these records transferred into memory buffer. From OBJ-files only records with record type transferred into memory buffer. Symbol informations stored HEX- OBJ-files used ADIS51. Invalid data file formats checksum errors data files detected generate error message status area.
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AP0827 10.97
ADIS51 Disassembler with One-Line Assembler 8051 C500 8-Bit Microcontroller Family
Basic Function <F2> Writing Memory Buffer Contents into HEX- BIN-Files
This function allows generate data files with content memory buffer. invoked pressing <F2> main menu. After input data file name generated, start address must input. data file already exists, warning message occurs must selected whether data transferred should overwrite information existing data file should appended existing data file. This allows store several memory buffer parts data file. address values must input hexadecimal numbers. generated HEX-files, "End-ofFile" record ":00000001FF" automatically appended data block which been written into data file. Therefore, multiple memory buffer blocks written into HEX-file, "End-ofFile" records should deleted manually (except last one) using e.g. text editor.
Semiconductor Group
AP0827 10.97
ADIS51 Disassembler with One-Line Assembler 8051 C500 8-Bit Microcontroller Family
Basic Function <F3> Selection Microcontroller Type
This function allows select microcontroller device with related SFR- symbols. This function only available, device with symbols been defined symbol definition file ADIS51.SYM. example figure five devices have been defined.
Figure Microcontroller Type Selection Window After selection microcontroller type name microcontroller displayed right corner status area. Also symbols, which defined selected type symbol definition file ADIS51.SYM, activated.
Semiconductor Group
AP0827 10.97
ADIS51 Disassembler with One-Line Assembler 8051 C500 8-Bit Microcontroller Family
Basic Function <F4> Disassembler One-Line Assembler Menu General Operation
After pressing <F4> main menu after input start address, disassembler window with related menu opened. This function main part ADIS51 program. allows display contents memory buffer 8051 instruction mnemonics alter enter single instructions using one-line assembler capability. Additionally, built-in code analysis capability makes easy check unknown content data file, which been loaded into memory buffer. When entering disassembler menu, ADIS51 begins linear disassembling 2000 instructions located memory buffer starting from start address. first instructions then output display area. instruction, which located start address, appears (grey) highlighted scrollbar with cursor placed first character instruction. highlighted instruction modified scrollbar moved using cursor keys <Cursor <Cursor Down> <Page <Page Down> moving scrollbar instruction back moving scrollbar instruction forward moving scrollbar screen page back moving scrollbar screen page forward (optional scroll screen) (optional scroll screen)
possible move scrollbar screen area directly address which less than start address. this operation start address must defined (using <F9>). Further, scrollbar cannot moved behind last 2000) instructions which have been disassembled. Figure shows example disassembler menu. Code bytes yellow colour have been loaded from data file before. White coloured bytes spare memory buffer bytes. After execution code analysis, cyan coloured bytes indicate bytes, which have been already analysed
Figure Disassembler/One-Line Assembler Menu ADIS51 Semiconductor Group AP0827 10.97
ADIS51 Disassembler with One-Line Assembler 8051 C500 8-Bit Microcontroller Family
one-line assembler capability accepts opcodes operands input instructions they defined Appendix one-line assembler 16-bit values instruction input either decimal hexadecimal notation, they always output hexadecimal values. SFRs symbols defined active microcontroller device (see chapter disassembler displays addresses addresses with symbol. one-line assembler also accepts symbol names input operand. symbol output/input switched option (see chapter After instruction been modified input using cursor left/right keys <Del> key, assembled pressing <Return> key. instruction correct format, code bytes written into memory buffer location where scrollbar located. After this memory buffer update, instructions which follow actually assembled instruction re-disassembled. Therefore, occur that instruction flow changed instructions, which located directly behind actually assembled instruction (e.g. replacing 3-byte instruction 1-byte instruction). Three more function keys available disassembler menu <F8> <F9> <F10> <Esc> Analysis program code memory buffer Input definition start address disassembling Open/append/close Log-file Back Main Menu
Memory Buffer Code Analysis
When data file loaded into memory buffer, sometimes content unknown wants analysed changed reassembled. This capability supported with ADIS51 disassembler menu. main difficulties analysis 8051 program code seperate code data which placed together program memory area. code analysis capability provides half-automatical tracing instructions. analysis started instruction which just indicated with scrollbar. program code analysed sequentially each instruction which been analysed marked. Also destination addresses jump call instruction marked sequentially analysed. Figure shows code analyse option window which opened when <F8> pressed disassembler menu.
Figure Code Analysis Options
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AP0827 10.97
ADIS51 Disassembler with One-Line Assembler 8051 C500 8-Bit Microcontroller Family
functions provided code analysis capability ADIS51, which cannot solved automatically sequential instruction tracing Manually marking instruction placed interrupt start adresses subroutine Manually marking instructions after @A+DPTR instruction jump destination Interrupt procedures normally reached sequential tracing program code. Therefore, instructions possible interrupt addresses memory buffer must marked manually first address subroutine. After this interrupt address marking, code must analysed again (normally from address 0000H). second problem, sequential tracing stops when detects @A+DPTR instruction outputs warning shown figure addresses @A+DPTR instructions should noted. After analysing procedure, instructions around @A+DPTR instruction must checked manually. Thereafter, instructions following @A+DPTR instruction marked jump destination code must re-analysed again.
Figure @A+DPTR Instruction Warning Message data file been loaded into memory buffer, data bytes which have been loaded displayed yellow colour. When analysing procedure started, start address memory buffer area where data been loaded into always detected. Memory buffer bytes, which have been analysed already, displayed cyan colour. This colour marking allows easy checking analysing result. After termination code analysis status message with analysing summary displayed status area (see figure This summary informes total block size number analysed bytes well number jump call labels which have been detected.
Figure Code Analysis Status Result analysing result also stored result file ADIS51.TXT. This result file includes additionally addresses jump call locations which have been detected during analysis run. jump call locations numbered with Jxxx Cxxx. Note: When pressing <Shift once main menu, hidden debug option ADIS51 enabled message occurs). When this option enabled, result file also includes memory buffer address sequence which been executed during last code analysis run.
Semiconductor Group
AP0827 10.97
ADIS51 Disassembler with One-Line Assembler 8051 C500 8-Bit Microcontroller Family
Example Code Analysis Result File
ADIS51 V4.0 Code Analysis Result Bytes analysed from 0000H 1037H Total code bytes analysed 042BH Jumps detected Calls detected List jump addresses J001: J002: J046: 008FH 00F5H
06DEH
List call addresses C001: C002: C026: 0066H 0073H
06D6H
Input Address
Pressing <F9> disassembler menu allows enter start address memory buffer disassembling procedure. ADIS51 again begins linear disassembling 2000 instructions located memory buffer starting from entered start address. instruction, which located start address, appears highlighted scrollbar. This capability defining start address required when large areas memory buffer must disassembled destination address jump instruction, which should disassembled, e.g. outside 2000 actually disassembled instruction area memory buffer.
Semiconductor Group
AP0827 10.97
ADIS51 Disassembler with One-Line Assembler 8051 C500 8-Bit Microcontroller Family
Generation Log-File
Log-file generation capability disassembler menu allows write disassembler data from memory buffer into ASCII file. formats disassembler data choosen Listing format Assembler format listing format includes instruction addresses well data bytes followed instruction mnemonics. When assembler format used Log-File generation, Log-file itself used input source file 8051 assembler program. memory buffer been already analysed, jump call addresses well instruction labels subroutine labels replaced symbolic names (Jxxx Cxxx) which have been detected during code analysis run. absolute addresses inserted comment lines where Jxxx Cxxx labels occur. Sometimes there some gaps data memory buffer (bytes displayed white colour). These bytes have been written into memory buffer loading data file before. After code analysis been executed, these "white" bytes skipped more written into Log-file. After pressing <F10> disassembler menu, ADIS51 request input Log-file name. default name ADIS51.LOG used. This file name overwritten. When Log-file with referenced file name already exists, must selected whether data should overwrite should appended already existing Log-file. This capability allows multiple disassembler data Hex-dump data together Log-file. When Log-file name accepted ADIS51 must additionally selected whether symbols (<S>) data (<D>) should written. selected, symbols written into Log-file. selected, start address memory buffer area written into Log-file requested. following examples Log-file shows memory buffer area generated listing format assembler format.
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AP0827 10.97
ADIS51 Disassembler with One-Line Assembler 8051 C500 8-Bit Microcontroller Family
Log-File Example Part Listing Format
ADIS51 V4.0 LOG-File 0000 LJMP J007 ;008FH 0003 C001: LJMP J004 ;005AH 000B 001B 0023 002B 002E 0030 0033 0036 0038 003A 003D 003E 0040 0080 0083 0086 0089 008A 008B 008C 008D 008E 008F 0092 J002: C002: C003: C004: C005: J001: LJMP LJMP LJMP LJMP SETB LCALL RETI J001 J002 J005 J003 TL0,#00H TH0,#0D8H C012 TH1,#0FAH 0C8H,#0C0H 0CAH,#00H 0CBH,#00H ;002EH ;003EH ;005DH ;004DH
;0263H
C008:
J007:
SP,#20H P3.5
Comment address 002BH there some gaps data memory buffer. After address 0040H Log-file truncated address 0080H. bytes addresses have been detected valid instructions during analysis therefore they displayed memory bytes only.
Semiconductor Group
AP0827 10.97
ADIS51 Disassembler with One-Line Assembler 8051 C500 8-Bit Microcontroller Family
Log-File Example Part Assembler Format
ADIS51 V4.0 LOG-File CSEG 00000H LJMP J007 ;008FH C001: LJMP J004 ;005AH CSEG C002: LJMP CSEG C003: LJMP CSEG C004: LJMP CSEG C005: LJMP J001: SETB LCALL RETI J002: C008: J007: J001 J002 J005 0000BH ;002EH 0001BH ;003EH 00023H ;005DH ;004DH
0002BH J003 TL0,#00H TH0,#0D8H C012 TH1,#0FAH 0C8H,#0C0H 0CAH,#00H 0CBH,#00H 0C2H 09FH 0C2H 09EH 022H SP,#20H P3.5
;0263H
Comment When using assembler format Log-file generation absolute code segment definitions (CSEG) inserted into Log-file. bytes line below label C008:)), which have been detected valid instructions during analysis, included using "DB" ("define byte") directive.
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AP0827 10.97
ADIS51 Disassembler with One-Line Assembler 8051 C500 8-Bit Microcontroller Family
Log-file example below shows Log-file content when symbols written into Log-file. Log-File Example Part Symbols Format
ADIS51 V4.0 List Symbols 8051 Listing Format) ADIS51 V4.0 List Symbols 8051 P0.0 P0.1 ADIS51 V4.0 List Symbols 8051 Assembler Format) DATA DATA DATA 0F0H
ADIS51 V4.0 List Symbols 8051 0D7H
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AP0827 10.97
ADIS51 Disassembler with One-Line Assembler 8051 C500 8-Bit Microcontroller Family
Basic Function <F5> Hex-Dump Menu General Operation
Pressing <F5> main menu activates Hex-dump function ADIS51 requests input memory buffer start address (hexadecimal address value followed <Return>). Beginning this address, contents memory buffer displayed hexadecimal ASCII notation bytes each row). Depending cursor position, highlighted byte modified entering hexadecimal value ASCII character. <Tab> used switch cursor highlighted byte from hexadecimal display ASCII display vice versa. highlighted byte moved using cursor keys. address highlighted byte displayed additionally status area screen. After activation Hex-dump function, Hex-dump menu entered. help area screen displays functions which available <Cursor Down> <Cursor <Cursor Right> <Cursor Left> <Page <Page Down> <F9> <F10> <Tab> <Esc> Decrement address highlighted byte (optional scroll screen) Increment address highlighted byte (optional scroll screen) Increment address highlighted byte (optional scroll screen) Decrement address highlighted byte (optional scroll screen) Scroll Hex-dump screen screen page back Scroll Hex-dump screen screen page forward Input address Hex-dump function Open/append/close Log-file Switch cursor highlighted byte from hexadecimal ASCII input Back Main Menu
Figure shows example Hex-dump screen. Bytes yellow colour have been loaded from data file before. White coloured bytes spare memory bytes. After execution code analysis, cyan coloured bytes indicate bytes, which have been already analysed.
Figure Hex-Dump Function ADIS51 Semiconductor Group AP0827 10.97
ADIS51 Disassembler with One-Line Assembler 8051 C500 8-Bit Microcontroller Family
Hex-dump function left pressing <Esc>. generation Log-file described chapter 7.3. Note :Generally, Hex-dump function also used binary analysis/modifcation file with size max. Kbyte. using this feature file should loaded file into memory buffer address 0000H. After load operation start address detected manually bytes modified. Finally data written again from detected start address into file. Input Address
Pressing <F9> Hex-dump menu allows enter start address Hex-dump output. Thereafter, ADIS51 displays data bytes located memory buffer starting with data byte entered start address left upper corner screen area. Generation Log-File
Log-file generation capability Hex-dump menu allows write data from memory buffer notation into ASCII file. formats data choosen Listing format Assembler format listing format data includes memory buffer addresses data with bytes row, hexadecimal ASCII characters. When using assembler format Log-file generation absolute code segment definition (CSEG) inserted into Log-file. data bytes written into Log-file using "DB" ("define byte") directive. example below shows both types Hex-dump data written into Log-file. Log-File Example Part Hex-Dump Format
ADIS51 V4.0 LOG-File 0000 ._.Z. 0010 0020 0030 CSEG 00000H
data shall written into Log-file pressing <F10> Hex-dump menu Log-file open (status message "LOG-File closed"), file name requested input status area. default, ADIS16X.LOG porposed. Log-file already open (status message "LOG-File open"), must selected whether actual Log-file shall closed whether data should appended actual Log-file.
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AP0827 10.97
ADIS51 Disassembler with One-Line Assembler 8051 C500 8-Bit Microcontroller Family
Basic Function <F6> Overview Memory Buffer Usage
This function used information about usage memory buffer after data file been loaded into memory buffer (basic function <F1> "Loading Data File"). This function useful e.g. code size data file unknown. Each block character memory buffer usage window represents address area byte (see figure yellow bold) block character indicates that block memory buffer been loaded with data. gray block character indicates that address area byte been loaded with data. memory buffer usage window again closed when pressed.
Figure Memory Buffer Usage Window
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ADIS51 Disassembler with One-Line Assembler 8051 C500 8-Bit Microcontroller Family
Basic Function <F7> Selection Options
With this function three options selected. Pressing keys always toggles related option. displayed value always active (see figure 10). Pressing another closes options window again.
Figure Options Window first option used enable/disable SFR- bit-symbols disassembler outputs one-line ssembler inputs. symbols must defined external symbol definition file (ADIS51.SYM). second option enabled, every load data file preceeded memory buffer clear operation (64K memory buffer loaded with 00H). This memory buffer clear operation disabled. third option allows select Log-file format. Log-file generated type listing format assember input format, which directly used standard 8051/C500 assembler programs input source file. More details about format Log-file given chapter
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AP0827 10.97
ADIS51 Disassembler with One-Line Assembler 8051 C500 8-Bit Microcontroller Family
Appendix Error Status Messages Cause
Input invalid file name file does exist. During loading data file checksum error been detected. data file load operation aborted. During reading data file absolute located code/data information been detected loaded into memory buffer. Probably data file wrong format. During loading data file wrong file format been detected. load operation been aborted. character which been input invald accepted. Invalid address (only hexadecimal values allowed). invalid instruction been input; one-line assembler cannot disassemble instruction (instruction format Appendix further disassembling memory buffer start address must input (using <F9> disassembler menu. Beginning with start address, maximum 2000 instructions displayed run. During disassemble dump function upper limit memory buffer been reached. disassembler dump function lower start address must input. With start address, which been input, display area cannot filled completely with data. disassembler reached start address from which 2000 instruction have been disassembled (with incrementing address). file generation start address greater than address. Data file name type opened, analysed, absolutely located code/data loaded into memory buffer. content memory buffer transferred into data file (Hexor BIN-format) with filename name. Data currently transferred into Log-file. During loading ADIS51 symbol definition file been found format existing symbol definition file wrong. types defined. symbol definition been loaded.
Error-/Status Message
File access error Checksum error absolute code/data been loaded
Invalid file format Invalid OBJ-file format Invalid input Invalid address Invalid instruction Display buffer exceeded
Code memory limit reached code memory input lower address Disassembler start address reached Start address greater than address
xxx-File name loaded
File name created Log-File created Symbol definition file: available invalid format selection available MCU-type defined
File exists Overwrite/Append/Cancel file (data file) written already exyists open. file closed, overwritten, appended action cancelled.
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AP0827 10.97
ADIS51 Disassembler with One-Line Assembler 8051 C500 8-Bit Microcontroller Family
One-Line Assembler Conventions
Instruction Format Opcodes Operands
A,Rn A,direct A,@Ri A,#data Rn.A Rn,direct Rn,#data direct,A direct,Rn direct,direct direct,@Ri direct,#data @Ri,A @Ri,direct @Ri,#data DPTR,#data16 A,@A+DPTR A,@A+PC A,@Ri A,@DPTR @Ri,A @DPTR,A A,Rn A,direct A,@Ri A,@Ri direct A,Rn A,direct A,@Ri A,#data XCHD ACALL AJMP LCALL LJMP
Opcodes Operands
A,Rn A,direct A,@Ri A,#data direct,A direct,#data direct DPTR
Opcodes Operands
SJMP CJNE @A+DPTR
bit,rel
CPLRL SWAP PUSH
A,direct,rel A,#data,rel Rn,#data,rel @Ri,#data,rel Rn,rel direct,rel
DJNZ SETB
MOVC MOVX
direct A,Rn A,direct A,@Ri A,@Ri addr11 addr16
RETI
C,bit
C,/bit bit,C
XCHD PUSH ADDC SUBB
operands shown table abbreviations following inputs
direct data data16, addr16, addrr11 R0-R7 0-255 00H-0FFH symbol 0-255 00H-0FFH 0-65535 0000H-0FFFFH 0-2047 000H-07FH 0-255 00H-0FFH symbol SFR.x (x=0-7)
Generally, numbers input decimal hexadecimal values. hexadecimal values standard convention valid must preceed value hexadecimal value begins with letter ("A" "F"); hexadecimal value ends with "H". Inputs assembler case sensitive.
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AP0827 10.97
ADIS51 Disassembler with One-Line Assembler 8051 C500 8-Bit Microcontroller Family
Definition Symbol Definition File
Symbol Definition File ADIS51 V4.0 Rules symbol definition file ADIS51 V4.0 Disassembler allows define symbols SFR's bits SFR's different 8051 compatible microcontrollers. Such symbol definition file build according following rules Comment lines have first line. following characters this line ignored. Empty lines (with 0DH, 0AH) inserted everywhere. definition file sections. Each section validated keyword. keywords these sections Keyword "[MCU]" MCU-Section: defines names MCUs Keyword "[SFR]" SFR-Section: defines names Special Function Registers Keyword "[SFB]" SFB-Section: defines names bits Special Function Registers. keywords must placed first line. Definitions MCU-Section "xxxxxxx hhhh" "xxxxxxx" starts first column (short-)name microcontroller; (max. ASCII characters) "hhhh" 4-digit hexword, coded with positions, starting with position this hexword separated from name with actly blank character; lines MCU-Section shall ordered ascending positions "hhhh". Definitions SFR-/SFB-Sections Lines SFR-/SFB-Sections have exactly parts, separated each blank character. xxxxxxx hhhh" "aa" 2-digit hexbyte value, which defines 8-bit address starts first column; "xxxxxxx" name SFR/SFB with address "aa"; (max. ASCII characters); "hhhh" 4-digit hexword; dedicated position defines, that symbol 'xxxxxxx' valid MCU, which also fined same position MCU-Section
Note file AP082701.EXE includes example symbol definition file.
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AP0827 10.97
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