LM2596 series regulators monolithic integrated circuits that provide a
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LM2596
LM2596 series regulators monolithic integrated circuits that provide active functions step-down (buck) switching regulator, capable driving load with excellent line load regulation. These devices available fixed output voltages 3.3V, 12V, adjustable output version. Requiring minimum number external components, these regulators simple include internal frequency compensation, fixed-frequency oscillator. LM2596 series operates switching frequency thus allowing smaller sized filter components than what would needed with lower frequency switching regulators. Available standard 5-lead TO-220 package with several different lead bend options, 5-lead TO-263 surface mount package. standard series inductors available from several different manufacturers optimized with LM2596 series. This feature greatly simplifies design switch-mode power supplies. Other features include guaranteed tolerance output voltage under specified input voltage output load conditions, oscillator frequency. External shutdown included, featuring typically standby current. Self protection features include stage frequency reducing current limit output switch over temperature shutdown complete protection under fault conditions.
3.3V, 12V, adjustable output versions Adjustable version output voltage range, 1.2V over line load conditions Available TO-220 TO-263 packages Guaranteed output load current Input voltage range Requires only external components Excellent line load regulation specifications fixed frequency internal oscillator shutdown capability power standby mode, typically High efficiency Uses readily available standard inductors Thermal shutdown current limit protection
APPLICATIONS
Simple high-efficiency step-down (buck) regulator On-card switching regulators Positive negative converter
TYPICAL APPLICATION (Fixed Output Voltage Versions)
680F
5.0V
BLOCK DIAGRAM
START 2.5V Active capacitor OUTPUT 150kHz
FEEDBACK
LATCH DRIVER
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LM2596
FUNCTIONS
+VIN This positive input supply switching regulator. suitable input bypass capacitor must present this minimize voltage transients supply switching currents needed regulator. Ground Circuit ground. Output Internal switch. voltage this switches between (+VIN VSAT approximately -0.5V, with duty cycle approximately VOUT /VIN. minimize coupling sensitive circuitry, board copper area connected this should kept minimum. Feedback Senses regulated output voltage complete feedback loop. ON/OFF Allows switching regulator circuit shut down using logic level signals thus dropping total input supply current approximately Pulling this below threshold voltage approximately 1.3V turns regulator pulling this above 1.3V maximum 25V) shuts regulator down. this shutdown feature needed, /OFF wired ground left open, either case regulator will condition.
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS (Note
Maximum Supply Voltage /OFF Input Voltage -0.3 +25V Feedback Voltage -0.3 +25V Output Voltage Ground (Steady State) Power Dissipation Internally limited +1500Ctorage Temperature Range Susceptibility Human Body Model (Note Lead Temperature Package Vapor Phase sec.) +2150C Infrared sec.) +2450C Package (Soldering, sec.) +2600C Maximum Junction Temperature +1500C
OPERATING CONDITIONS
Temperature Range -400CTJ+1250C
LM2596-3.3 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
Specifications with standard type face 250C, those with boldface type apply over full Operating Temperature Range LM2596-3.3 Units Symbol Parameter Conditions Limit (Limits) (Note (Note SYSTEM PARAMETERS (Note 5)Test Circuit Figure VOUT Output Voltage 4.7V5VIN40V, 0.2AILOAD3A 3.168/3.135 V(min) 3.432/3.465 V(max) Efficiency VIN=12V, ILOAD=3A
LM2596-5.0 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
Specifications with standard type face 250C, those with boldface type apply over full Operating Temperature Range LM2596-5.0 Units Symbol Parameter Conditions Limit (Limits) (Note (Note SYSTEM PARAMETERS (Note 5)Test Circuit Figure VOUT Output Voltage 7VVIN40V, 0.2AILOAD3A 4.800/4.750 V(min) 5.200/5.250 V(max) Efficiency VIN=12V, ILOAD=3A
LM2596-12 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
Specifications with standard type face 250C, those with boldface type apply over full Operating Temperature Range LM2596-12 Units Symbol Parameter Conditions Limit (Limits) (Note (Note SYSTEM PARAMETERS (Note 5)Test Circuit Figure VOUT Output Voltage 15VVIN40V, 0.2AILOAD3A 12.0 11.52/11.40 V(min) 12.48/12.60 V(max) Efficiency VIN=12V, ILOAD=3A
LM2596-ADJ ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
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LM2596
Specifications with standard type face 250C, those with boldface type apply over full Operating Temperature Range LM2596-ADJ Symbol Parameter Conditions Limit (Note (Note SYSTEM PARAMETERS (Note 5)Test Circuit Figure 1.230 VOUT Output Voltage 4.5VVIN40V, 0.2AILOAD3A 1.193/1.180 VOUT programmed Circuit 1.267/1.280 Figure Efficiency VIN=12V, VOUT=3V, ILOAD=3A Units (Limits) V(min) V(max)
OUTPUT VOLTAGE VERSIONS ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
Specifications with standard type face 250C, those with boldface type apply over full Operating Temperature Range. Unless otherwise specified, 3.3V, Adjustable version version. ILOAD LM2596-XX Units Symbol Parameter Conditions Limit (Limits) (Note (Note DEVICE PARAMETERS Feedback Bias Current Adjustable Version Only, VFB=1.3V (max) 50/100 Oscillator Frequency (Note (min) 127/110 (max) 173/173 VSAT Saturation Voltage IOUT=3A (Notes 1.16 (max) 1.4/1.5 (Note Duty Cycle (ON) (Note Duty Cycle (OFF) Current Limit Peak Current (Notes (min) 3.6/3.4 (max) 6.9/7.5 Output Leakage Current Output=0V (Notes (max) Output=-0.9V (Note (max) Quiescent Current (Note (max) ON/OFF pin=5V (OFF) (Note ISTBY Standby Quiescent 200/250 (max) 0C/W Thermal Resistance TO-220 TO-263 Package, Junction Case 0C/W TO-220 Package, Junction Ambient (Note 0C/W TO-263 Package, Junction Ambient (Note 0C/W TO-263 Package, Junction Ambient (Note 0C/W TO-263 Package, Junction Ambient (Note ON/OFF CONTROL Test Circuit Figure ON/OFF Logic Input Threshold Voltage (Regulator (max) High (Regulator OFF) (min) LOGIC=2.5V (Regulator OFF) VN/OFF Input Current (max) VLOGIC=0.5V (Regulator 0.02 (max) Note Absolute Maximum Ratings indicate limits beyond which damage device occur. Operating Ratings indicate conditions which device intended functional, guarantee specific performance limits. guaranteed specifications test conditions, Electrical Characteristics. Note human body model capacitor discharged through 1.5k resistor into each pin. Note Typical numbers 250C represent most likely norm. Note limits guaranteed room temperature (standard type face) temperature extremes (bold type face). room temperature limits 100% production tested. limits temperature extremes guaranteed correlation using standard Statistical Quality Control (SQC) methods. limits used calculate Average Outgoing Quality Level (AOQL). Note External components such catch diode, inductor, input output capacitors, voltage programming resistors affect switching regulator system performance. When LM2596 used shown Figure test circuit, system performance will shown system parameters section Electrical Characteristics.
BEIJING ESTEK ELECTRONICS CO.,LTD
LM2596
Note switching frequency reduced when second stage current limit activated. amount reduction determined severity current over-load. Note diode, inductor capacitor connected output pin. Note Feedback removed from output connected force output transistor switch Note Feedback removed from output connected 3.3V, ADJ. version, version, force output transistor switch OFF. Note 40V. Note Junction ambient thermal resistance external heat sink) TO-220 package mounted vertically, with leads soldered printed circuit board with oz.) copper area approximately Note Junction ambient thermal resistance with TO-263 package soldered single printed circuit board with oz.) copper area. Note Junction ambient thermal resistance with TO-263 package soldered single sided printed circuit board with oz.) copper area. Note Junction ambient thermal resistance with TO-263 package soldered double sided printed circuit board with oz.) copper area LM2596S side board, approximately copper other side board.
TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS (Circuit Figure
Normalized Output Voltage
-0.5 -1.0 -0.4 -0.1 -0.2 -0.3
Line Regulation
INPUT VOLTAGE
Efficiency
Switch Saturation
Voltage
VIN=
Switch Current Limit
VOUT
Dropout Voltage
SWITCH CURRENT
LOAD
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LM2596
TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS (Circuit Figure (Continued)
Operating Quiescent Current
SUPPLY VOLTAGE
Shutdown Quiescent Current
Minimum Operating Supply Voltage
ON/OFF Threshold Voltage
ON/OFF Current (Sinking) Switching Frequency
VOLTAGE
Feedback Bias Current
-2.5 -5.0
ADJUSTABLE VERSION ONLY
BEIJING ESTEK ELECTRONICS CO.,LTD
LM2596
TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS
Continuous Mode Switching Waveforms VIN=20V, VOUT=5V, ILOAD=2A L=32H, COUT=220F, COUTESR=50m
Discontinuous Mode Switching Waveforms VIN=20V, VOUT=5V, ILOAD=500mA L=10H, COUT=330F, COUTESR=45m
Output Voltage,10V/ Inductor Current Output pple Voltage,50mV/
Output Voltage,10V/ Inductor Current Output pple Voltage,100mV/
Horizontal Time Base:
Load Transient Response Continuous Mode VIN=20V, VOUT=5V, ILOAD=500mA L=32H, COUT=220F, COUTESR=50m
Horizontal Time Base:
Load Transient Response Discontinuous Mode VIN=20V, VOUT=5V, ILOAD=500mA L=10H, COUT=330F, COUTESR=45m
Output Voltage, 100mV/ div.(AC) 500mA Load Pulse
Output Voltage,100mV/ div. (AC) 500mA Load Pulse
Horizontal Time Base:
Horizontal Time Base: 200s/
BEIJING ESTEK ELECTRONICS CO.,LTD
LM2596
TEST CIRCUIT LAYOUT GUIDELINES
Fixed Output Voltage Versions
COUT
,50V,Aluminum Electrolytic Nichicon COUT Series" ,25V,Aluminum Electrolytic Nichicon Series"D1 5A,40V Schottky Rectifer,1N5825 ,L38
Adjustable Output Voltage Versions
COUT
where VREF=1.23V VOUT Select approximately resistor best ,50V,Aluminum Electrolytic Nichicon stability. COUT Series"F ,35V,Aluminum Electrolytic Nichicon Series"D1 5A,40V Schottky Rectifer,1N5825 ,L38 Application Information Section
Figure Standard Test Circuits Layout Guides switching regulator, layout very important. Rapidly switching currents associated with wiring inductance generate voltage transients which cause problems. minimal inductance ground loops, wires indicated heavy lines should wide printed circuit traces should kept short possible. best results, external components should located close switcher possible using ground plane construction single point grounding. open core inductors used, special care must taken location positioning this type inductor. Allowing inductor flux intersect sensitive feedback, groundpath COUT wiring cause problems. When using adjustable version, special care must taken location feedback resistors associated wiring. Physically locate both resistors near route wiring away from inductor, especially open core type inductor.
BEIJING ESTEK ELECTRONICS CO.,LTD
LM2596
LM2596 SERIES BUCK REGULATOR DESIGN PROCEDURE (FIXED OUTPUT)
PROCEDURE (Fixed Output Voltage Version) Given: Given: VOUT Regulated Output Voltage (3.3V, 12V) (max) Maximum Input Voltage (max) Maximum Load Current Inductor Selection (L1) Select correct inductor value selection guide from Figures Figure Figure 5,or Figure (Output voltages 3.3V, respectively.) other voltages, design procedure adjustable version. From inductor value selection guide, identify inductance region intersected Maximum Input Voltage line Maximum Load Current line. Each region identified inductance value inductor code (LXX). Select appropriate inductor from four manufacturer' part numbers listed Figure EXAMPLE (Fixed Output Voltage Version)
VOUT (max) (max) Inductor Selection (L1) inductor selection guide version shown Figure
From inductor value selection guide shown Figure inductance region intersected horizontal line vertical line inductor code L40. inductance value required From table Figure line choose inductor part number from four manufacturers shown. most in-stance, both through hole surface mount inductors available.) Output Capacitor Selection (COUT) section output capacitors application information section.
Output Capacitor Selection (COUT) majority applications, (Equivalent Series Resistance) electrolytic capacitors between solid tantalum capacitors between provide best results. This capacitor should located close using short capacitor leads short copper traces. capacitors larger than simplify capacitor selection procedure, refer quick design component selection table shown Figure This table contains different input voltages, output voltages, load currents, lists various inductors output capacitors that will provide best design solutions.
From quick design component selection table shown Figure locate output voltage section. load current column, choose load current line that closest current needed your application, this example, line. maximum input voltage column, select line that covers input voltage needed your application, this example, line. Continuing this line recommended inductors capacitors that will provide best overall performance. capacitor list contains both through hole electrolytic surface mount tantalum capacitors from four different capacitor manufacturers. recommended that both manufacturers manufacturer' series that listed table used. this example aluminum electrolytic capacitors from several different manufacturers available with range numbers needed. Panasonic Series Nichicon Series output, capacitor voltage rating least 7.5V more needed. even ESR, switching grade, 220µ aluminum electrolytic capacitor would exhibit approximately (see curve Figure voltage rating). This amount would result relatively high output ripple voltage. reduce ripple output voltage, less, capacitor with higher value with higher voltage rating (lower ESR) should selected. capacitor will reduce ripple volt-age approximately half. Catch Diode Selection (D1) Refer table shown Figure this example, 20V, 1N5823 Schottky diode will provide best performance, will overstressed even shorted output.
capacitor voltage rating electrolytic capacitors should least times greater than output voltage, often much higher voltage ratings needed satisfy requirements output ripple voltage.
Catch Diode Selection (D1) catch diode current rating must least times greater than maximum load current. Also, power supply design must withstand continuous output short, diode should have current rating equal maximum current limit LM2596. most stressful condition this diode overload shorted output condition. reverse voltage rating diode should least 1.25 times maximum input voltage. This diode must fast (short reverse recovery time) must located close LM2596 using short leads short printed circuit traces. Because their fast switching speed forward voltage drop, Schottky diodes provide best performance efficiency, should first choice, especially output voltage applications. Ultra-fast recovery, High-Efficiency rectifiers also provide good results. Ultra-fast recovery diodes typically have reverse recovery times less. Rectifiers such 1N5400 series much slow should used.
BEIJING ESTEK ELECTRONICS CO.,LTD
LM2596
PROCEDURE (Fixed Output Voltage Version) EXAMPLE (Fixed Output Voltage Version) Input Capacitor (CIN) Input Capacitor (CIN) aluminum tantalum bypass capacitor needed between important parameters Input capacitor input voltage rating input ground prevent large volt-age transients from appearing current rating. With nominal input voltage 12V, aluminum electrolytic capacitor with voltage rating input. This capacitor should located close using short leads. addition, current rating input capacitor greater than (1.5 would needed. next higher capacitor voltage rating 25V. should selected least load current. capacitor manufacturers data sheet must checked assure that this current rating current rating requirement input capacitor exceeded. curve shown Figure shows typical current buck regulator approximately load current. this example, with load, capacitor with current rating least 1.5A needed. ratings several different aluminum electrolytic capacitor values. curves shown Figure used select appropriate input capacitor. aluminum electrolytic, capacitor voltage rating should From curves, locate line note which capacitor values have approximately times maximum input voltage. current ratings greater than 1.5A. 680µ F/35V capacitor could used. tantalum capacitor voltage rating should times maximum through hole design, 680µ F/35V electrolytic capacitor (Panasonic input voltage recommended that they surge current tested series Nichicon series equivalent) would adequate. other types other manufacturer. caution when using ceramic capacitors input bypassing, because manufacturers capacitors used provided ripple current ratings adequate. cause severe ringing pin. surface mount designs, solid tantalum capacitors used, caution must exercised with regard capacitor surge current rating. series available from AVX, 593D series from Sprague both surge current tested.
LM2596 SERIES BUCK REGULATOR DESIGN PROCEDURE (FIXED OUTPUT) (Continued)
Output Voltage Conditions Inductor Load Current Output Capacitor Through Hole Electrolytic Surface Mount Tantalum Panasonic Sprague 595D Series Nichicon Series Series (F/V) Series (F/V) (F/V) (F/V) 470/25 560/16 330/6.3 560/35 680/35 560/35 470/25 330/35 330/35 470/25 560/25 330/35 330/35 470/25 560/35 680/35 470/35 470/35 330/35 270/50 560/16 560/25 330/35 270/35 560/16 330/6.3 330/6.3 330/6.3 330/6.3 330/6.3 220/10 220/10 220/10 220/10 220/10 220/10
Input Voltage
Inductance
Inductor 390/6.3 390/6.3 390/6.3 390/6.3 390/6.3 390/6.3 330/10 330/10 330/10 330/10 330/10 330/10
LM2596 SERIES BUCK REGULATOR DESIGN PROCEDURE (ADJUSTABLE OUTPUT)
PROCEDURE (Adjustable Output Voltage Version) Given: Given: VOUT Regulated Output Voltage VIN(max) Maximum Input Voltage ILOAD(max) Maximum Load Current F=Switching Frequency (Fixed a(Selecting150 shown Programming Output Voltage nominal kHz). Figure following formula select appropriate resistor values. EXAMPLE (Adjustable Output Voltage Version)
VOUT VIN(max) ILOAD(max) F=Switching Frequency (Fixed a(Selecting shown Programming Output Voltage nominal kHz). Figure Select Solve
VOUT VREF
where
VREF 1.23
Select value between 1.5k. lower resistor values minimize noise pickup sensitive feedback pin. (For lowest temperature coefficient best stability with time, metal film resistors.)
VOUT VREF 1.23
R2=1k (16.26-1)=15.26k, closest value 15.4k 15.4
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LM2596
PROCEDURE (Adjustable Output Voltage Version) EXAMPLE (Adjustable Output Voltage Version)
VOUT
VREF
Inductor Selection (L1) Inductor Selection (L1) Calculate inductor Volt microsecond constant from Calculate inductor Volt microsecond constant following formula: (ET),
VOUTVSAT) 1000 VINVSAT
where VSAT internal switch saturation voltage 1.16V diode forward voltage drop 0.5V value from previous formula match with number vertical axis Inductor Value Selection Guide shown Figure horizontal axis, select maximum load current. Identify inductance region intersected value Maximum Load Current value. Each region identified inductance value inductor code (LXX). Select appropriate inductor from four manufacturer' part numbers listed Figure Output Capacitor Selection (COUT) majority applications, electrolytic solid tantalum capacitors between provide best results. This capacitor should located close using short capacitor leads short copper traces. capacitors larger than simplify capacitor selection procedure, refer quick design table shown Figure This table contains different output voltages, lists various output capacitors that will provide best design solutions.
1000
From inductor value selection guide shown Figure inductance region intersected horizontal line vertical line inductor code L39. From table Figure locate line L39, select inductor part number from list manufacturers part numbers. Output Capacitor SeIection (COUT)
From quick design table shown Figure locate output voltage column. From that column, locate output voltage closest output voltage your application. this example, select line. Under output capacitor section, select capacitor from list through hole electrolytic surface mount tantalum types from four different capacitor manufacturers. recommended that both manufacturers manufacturers series that listed table used. this example, through hole aluminum electrolytic capacitors from several different manufacturers available. F/35V Panasonic Series F/35V Nichicon Series
capacitor voltage rating should least times greater than output, capacitor rating least more output voltage, often much higher voltage ratings needed needed. this example, either capacitor would satisfy requirements needed output ripple voltage. work. rating chosen, although rating could also used lower output ripple voltage needed. Other manufacturers other types capacitors also used, provided capacitor specifications (especially ESR) closely match types listed table. Refer capacitor manufacturers data sheet this information. Feedforward Capacitor (CFF (See Figure output voltages greater than approximately 10V, additional capacitor required. compensation capacitor typically between wired parallel with output voltage setting resistor, provides additional stability high output voltages, input-output voltages, and/or very output capacitors, such solid tantalum capacitors. Feedforward Capacitor (CFF table shown Figure contains feed forward capacitor values various output voltages. this example, capacitor needed.
This capacitor type ceramic, plastic, silver mica, etc. (Because unstable characteristics ceramic capacitors made with material, they recommended.)
3110
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LM2596
LM2596 SERIES BUCK REGULATOR DESING PROCEDURE (ADJUSTABLE OUTPUT)
Output Voltage Through Hole Output Capacitor Surface Mount Output Capacitor Series Panasonic Nichicon Series Sprague 595D Feedforward Feedforward Series (F/V) Series (F/V) Capacitor (F/V) (F/V) capacitor 820/35 820/35 330/6.3 470/4 560/35 470/35 330/6.3 390/6.3 470/25 470/25 220/10 330/10 330/25 330/25 100/16 180/16 330/25 330/25 100/16 180/16 220/35 220/35 68/20 120/20 220/35 150/35 33/25 33/25 100/50 100/50 10/35 15/50 Figure Output Capacitor Feedforward Capacitor Selection Table
LM2596 SERIES BUCK REGULATOR DESIGN PROCEDURE Inductor Value Selection Guides (For Continuous Mode Operation)
Figure LM2596-3.3
MAXIMUM LOAD CURRENT Figure LM2596-12
BEIJING ESTEK ELECTRONICS CO.,LTD
LM2596
Figure LM2596-ADJ
MAXIMUM LOAD CURRENT
MAXIMUM LOAD CURRENT
LM2596 SERIES BUCK REGULATOR DESIGN PROCEDURE (Continued)
Inductance DO3308-223 DO3316-683 DO3316-473 DO3316-333 DO3316-223 DO3316-153 DO5022P-334 DO5022P-224 DO5022P-154 DO5022P-104 DO5022P-683 DO5022P-473 DO5022P-333 DO5022P-223 Current 0.99 0.99 1.17 1.40 1.70 2.10 0.80 1.00 1.20 1.47 1.78 2.20 2.50 3.10 3.40 Schott Engineering Through Surface Hole Mount 67148350 67148460 67144070 67144080 67144090 67148370 67148380 67144100 67144110 67144120 67144130 67144140 67144150 67144160 67148390 67148400 67144450 67144460 67144470 67148480 67148490 67144480 67144490 67144500 67144510 67144520 67144530 67144540 67148500 67148790 Through Hole RL-1284-22-43 RL-5471-5 RL-5471-6 RL-5471-7 RL-1283-22-43 RL-1283-15-43 RL-5471-1 RL-5471-2 RL-5471-3 RL-5471-4 RL-5471-5 RL-5471-6 RL-5471-7 RL-1283-22-43 RL-1283-15-43 Renco Pulse Coilcraft Surface Surface Through Surface Mount Mount Hole Mount RL1500-22 PE-53815 PE-53815-S RL1500-68 PE-53821 PE-53822 PE-53823 PE-53821-S PE-53822-S PE-53823-S PE-53825-S PE-53824-S
PE-53824 PE-53825 PE-53826-S PE-53827-S PE-53828-S PE-53829-S PE-53830-S PE-53831-S PE-53932-S
PE-53826 PE-53827 PE-53828 PE-53829 PE-53830 PE-53831 PE-53932
PE-53933 PE-53934
PE-53933-S PE-53934-S
2200 2000 1800 1600 1400 1200 1000 CAPACITOR VOLTAGE RATING
Figure Current Ratings Electrolytic Capacitors (typical)
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LM2596
Address
Postalcode:100039 Tel: 86-010-58895780 Http://www.estek.com.cn Email:sales@estek.com.cn
6A06-6A07 6A07,Changyin Office Building ,No.88,Yong Ding Road,Hai Dian District ,Beijing
010-58895793
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