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Multi-Phase Controller Core Power Supply RT9245B multi-phase buck
Top Searches for this datasheetRT9245B Multi-Phase Controller Core Power Supply RT9245B multi-phase buck DC/DC controller integrated with control functions CPU. RT9245B could operated with buck switching stages operating interleaved phase automatically. multiphase architecture provides high output current while maintaining power dissipation power devices stress input output capacitors. high equivalent operating frequency also reduces component dimension output voltage ripple load transient. RT9245B implements both voltage current loops achieve good regulation, response power stage thermal balance. RT9245B applies sensing technology newly. RT9245B extracts output inductor sense component deliver precise load line regulation good thermal balance next generation processor application. Current sense setting, droop tuning, VCORE initial offset current protection independent compensation circuit voltage loop. feature greatly facilitates flexibility power supply design tuning. output RT9245B supports 6-bit VID, precise offset value smooth VCORE transient jump. monitors VCORE voltage PGOOD over-voltage protection. Soft-start, over-current protection programmable under-voltage lockout also provided assure safety microprocessor power system. RT9245B comes small footprint package TSSOP-28. Features Multi-Phase Power Conversion with Automatic Phase Selection 6-bit Output with Active Droop Compensation Fast Load Transient Smooth VCORE Transition Jump Power Stage Thermal Balance Current Sense Hiccup Mode Over-Current Protection Programmable Switching Frequency (50kHz 400kHz Phase), Under-Voltage Lockout SoftStart High Ripple Frequency Times Channel Number 28-TSSOP Package RoHS Compliant 100% Lead (Pb)-Free Applications Processors Voltage Regulator Output Voltage, High Current DC-DC Converters Voltage Regulator Modules Configurations (TOP VIEW) VID4 VID3 VID2 VID1 VID0 VID5 SGND COMP PGOOD VOSS PWM1 PWM2 PWM3 PWM4 CSP4 CSP2 CSP3 CSP1 IOUT IMAX Ordering Information RT9245B Package Type TSSOP-28 Operating Temperature Range Free with Commercial Standard Green (Halogen Free with Commercial Standard) Note TSSOP-28 RichTek Pb-free Green products }RoHS compliant compatible with current requirements IPC/JEDEC J-STD-020. }Suitable SnPb Pb-free soldering processes. }100% matte (Sn) plating. DS9245B-02 March 2007 www.richtek.com 1000uF 4.7uF 1000uF www.richtek.com 1N4148 IPD09N03LA IPD06N03LA 3.3nF RT9619 BOOT UGATE PHASE PGND LGATE 4.7uF 1000uF RT9245B RT9245B IPD09N03LA 4.7uF 1000uF 1000uF Typical Application Circuit VID5 PWM1 PWM2 LGATE IPD06N03LA PGND PHASE RT9619 BOOT UGATE 1N4148 VOUT VID4 VID3 VID4 VID3 PWM3 PWM4 CSP4 CSP2 CSP3 CSP1 IOUT 1N4148 VID2 1000uF VID1 VID2 VID1 VID0 VID0 3.3nF 10uF SGND 33pF COMP 1000uF 1000uF 10nF 3.3V/FSBVTT RT9619 BOOT UGATE PHASE IPD09N03LA LGATE PGND IPD06N03LA 3.3nF 4.7uF PGOOD IMAX 6.8k 100k BAT254 68nF 1.2k VOSS 100k 1000uF 1000uF 1N4148 RT9619 BOOT UGATE PHASE IPD09N03LA LGATE PGND IPD06N03LA 3.3nF 4.7uF DS9245B-02 March 2007 RT9245B Functional Description VID4 (Pin VID3 (Pin VID2 (Pin VID1 (Pin VID0 (Pin VID5 (Pin voltage identification inputs These pins internally pulled 1.2V left open. SGND (Pin VCORE differential sense negative input. (Pin Inverting input internal error amplifier. COMP (Pin Output error amplifier input comparator. PGOOD (Pin Power good open-drain output. (Pin Programmable power UVLO detection input. Trip threshold 1.0V VDVD rising. (Pin Connect this with capacitor soft-start time interval. (Pin Switching frequency setting. Connect this with resistor frequency. VOSS (Pin VCORE initial value offset. Connect this with resistor negative offset value. Connect this positive offset value. IMAX (Pin Programmable over currert setting. (Pin Current sense negative input channels. IOUT (Pin Output Current Indication Pin. current through IOUT proportional output current. (Pin Current sense output active droop adjust. Connect resistor from this load droop. (Pin Ground CSP1 (Pin 20), CSP2 (Pin 22), CSP3 (Pin CSP4 (Pin Current sense positive inputs individual converter channel current sense. PWM1 (Pin 27), PWM2 (Pin 26), PWM3 (Pin PWM4 (Pin outputs each driven channel. Connect these pins input MOSFET driver. systems which channels, connect PWM4 high. channel systems connect PWM3 high. (Pin power supply. Connect this supply. DS9245B-02 March 2007 www.richtek.com Setting Power Reset PWMCP Function Block Diagram Trip Point VID4 VID3 VID2 VID1 VID0 VID5 Oscillator Sawtooth Trip Point Current Correction Amplifier Control SUM/M DS9245B-02 March 2007 COMP VOSS IOUT Offset Currrent Source/Sink Error Amplifier Droop www.richtek.com IMAX PGOOD RT9245B Logic Driver PWM1 Logic Driver PWM2 PWMCP Logic Driver PWMCP PWM3 Logic Driver PWMCP Phase Control PWM4 CSP1 CSP2 CSP3 CSP4 RT9245B Table Output Voltage Program Name VID5 VID4 VID3 VID2 VID1 VID0 1.5500 1.5250 1.5000 1.4750 1.4500 1.4250 1.4000 1.3750 1.3500 1.3250 1.3000 1.2750 1.2500 1.2250 1.2000 1.1750 1.1500 1.1250 1.1000 1.0750 1.0500 1.0250 1.0000 0.9750 0.9500 0.9250 0.9000 0.8750 0.8500 0.8250 0.8000 0.7750 0.7625 0.7500 Nominal Output Voltage DACOUT continued DS9245B-02 March 2007 www.richtek.com RT9245B Table Output Voltage Program Name VID5 VID4 VID3 VID2 VID1 VID0 0.7375 0.7250 0.7125 0.7000 0.6875 0.6750 0.6625 0.6500 0.6375 0.6250 0.6125 0.6000 0.5875 0.5750 0.5625 0.5500 0.5375 0.5250 0.5125 0.5000 0.4875 0.4750 0.4625 0.4500 0.4375 0.4250 0.4125 0.4000 0.3875 0.3750 Nominal Output Voltage DACOUT Note: Connected Open www.richtek.com DS9245B-02 March 2007 RT9245B Absolute Maximum Ratings (Note Supply Voltage, Input, Output Voltage 0.3V 0.3V Power Dissipation, 25°C TSSOP-28 Package Thermal Resistance (Note TSSOP-28, 100°C/W Junction Temperature 150°C Lead Temperature (Soldering, sec.)- 260°C Storage Temperature Range -65°C 150°C Susceptibility (Note (Human Body Mode) (Machine Mode) 200V (Note Recommended Operating Conditions Supply Voltage, Junction Temperature Range -40°C 125°C Ambient Temperature Range -40°C 85°C Electrical Characteristics (VCC 25°C, unless otherwise specified) Parameter Supply Current Nominal Supply Current Power-On Reset Threshold Hysteresis VDVD Threshold Oscillator Free Running Frequency Frequency Adjustable Range Ramp Amplitude Ramp Valley Maximum Duty Each Channel Voltage Reference DACOUT Voltage Accuracy (VID0-VID5) Input (VID0-VID5) Input High VDAC VILDAC VIHDAC VDAC VDAC -1.2 fOSC_ADJ VOSC -0.7 -1.9 Trip (Low High) Hysteresis VCCRTH VCCHYS VDVDTP VDVDHYS Enable Rising 0.94 -4.2 -1.06 1,2,3,4 Open Symbol Test Conditions Units continued DS9245B-02 March 2007 www.richtek.com RT9245B Parameter (VID0-VID5) pull resistor Pull Voltage VOSS Voltage Error Amplifier Gain Gain-Bandwidth Product Slew Rate Current Sense Amplifier Full Scale Source Current Current Protection Over-Voltage Trip (VFB VDAC) IMAX Voltage Power Good Output Voltage VPGOODL IPGOOD -0.2 VIMAX RADJ RIMAX IISPFSS COMP 10pF V/µs VVOSS RVOSS 100k Symbol Test Conditions -0.9 -1.1 Units Note Stresses listed above "Absolute Maximum Ratings" cause permanent damage device. These stress ratings. Functional operation device these other conditions beyond those indicated operational sections specifications implied. Exposure absolute maximum rating conditions extended periods remain possibility affect device reliability. Note Devices sensitive. Handling precaution recommended. Note device guaranteed function outside operating conditions. Note measured natural convection 25°C effective single layer thermal conductivity test board JEDEC 51-3 thermal measurement standard. www.richtek.com DS9245B-02 March 2007 RT9245B Typical Operating Characteristics Adjustable Frequency VCOMP (kW) Duty Ratio (kHz) VCOMP Relationship Between Inductor Current VADJ CH1:(5V/Div) CH2:(5V/Div) Power-Off IOUT CH1:(5V/Div) CH2:(20V/Div) VADJ UGATE CH3:(10V/Div) CH4:(1V/Div) LGATE CH3:(50mV/Div) CH4:(20A/Div) VCOMP Time (10µs/Div) Time (25ms/Div) Power-On IOUT CH1:(5V/Div) CH2:(5V/Div) Ripple VCORE UGATE CH3:(20V/Div) CH4:(10V/Div) (5mV/Div) LGATE 0.3µH, 5600µF Time (10ms/Div) Time (2.5µs/Div) DS9245B-02 March 2007 www.richtek.com RT9245B DVID Rising DVID Falling VCORE (500mV/Div) (500mV/Div) VCORE VID5 (2V/Div) VID5 (2V/Div) Time (50µs/Div) Time (50µs/Div) Transient Response Transient Falling (20mV/Div) VCORE (20mV/Div) Time (5ms/Div) Time (500ns/Div) www.richtek.com DS9245B-02 March 2007 RT9245B Application Information RT9245B multi-phase DC/DC controller that precisely regulates core voltage balances current different power channels. converter consisting RT9245B companion MOSFET driver RT9619 provides high quality CPUpower protection functions meet requirement modern VRM. Voltage Control RT9245B senses VCORE SGND sense return minimize voltage drop trace heavy load. sensed pin. internal high accuracy provides reference voltage compliance. Control loop consists error amplifier, multi-phase pulse width modulator, driver power components. conventional voltage mode controller, output voltage locked VREF error amplifier error signal used control signal pulse width modulator. signals different channels generated comparison output split-phase sawtooth wave. Power stage transforms output signal on-time ratio. Current Balance RT9245B senses inductor current inductor's channel current balance droop tuning. differential sensing amplifier converts voltage sense component (can sense resistor inductor) current signal into internal balance circuit. current balance circuit sums averages current signals then produces balancing signals injected pulse width modulator. current some power channel larger than average, balancing signal reduces that channels pulse width keep current balance. single amplifier time sharing technique sense inductor currents reduce offset errors linearity variation between GMs. Thus greatly improve signal processing especially when dealing with such small signal voltage drop across DCR. Droop Load Line Setting RT9245B injects averaged current into resistor RADJ connected generate load-currentdependent voltage RADJ droop setting: VADJ RADJ VADJ then subtracted from VID_DAC output real reference voltage non-inverting input error amplifier shown Figure Consequently, load line slope calculated Load Line VCORE RADJ ICORE RCSN where phase number operation. IVOSS VCORE RCSN VADJ RADJ Figure Load Line Offset Function Fault Detection chip detects over voltage power good detection. "hiccup mode" operation over current protection adopted reduce short circuit current. in-rush current start suppressed soft start circuit through clamping pulse width output voltage. Phase Setting Converter Start RT9245B interfaces with companion MOSFET drivers (like RT9619, RT9607 series) correct converter initialization. tri-state output (high, high impedance) senses interface voltage when acts (both trip). channel enabled voltage 1.2V less than VCC. corresponding current sense pins left float channel unused. example, 3-Channel application, connect PWM4 high. Current Sensing Setting RT9245B senses current flowing through inductor channel current balance droop tuning. DS9245B-02 March 2007 www.richtek.com RT9245B differential sensing amplifier converts voltage sense component (can sense resistor inductor) current signal into internal circuit (see Figure +VCR RCSN VCSP4 Figure shows time sharing technique amplifier. apply test signal phase observe waveforms both pins amplifier. waveforms show time sharing mechanism perfomance hold both input pins equal when shared time Time Sharing CH1:(2V/Div) CH2:(50mV/Div) CH3:(50mV/Div) PWM3 Figure Current Sense Circuit Figure test circuit apply test signal inputs observe signal process output pin. Figure shows variation signal processing channels. observe zero offsets good linearity between phases. CSPX VADJ VCSP4 VCSN Time (1µs/Div) Figure Over Current Protection RT9245B uses external resistor IMAX programmable over current trip point. comparator compares each inductor current with this reference current. RT9245B uses hiccup mode eliminate fault detection reduce output current when output shorted ground. VIMAX RIMAX RCSN SUM/M RADJ RCSN Figure Test Circuit Comparator IIMAX Setting RIMX VADJ (mV) VIMX Figure Over Current Comparator (mV) Figure Linearity www.richtek.com DS9245B-02 March 2007 RT9245B Over Current Protection CH1:(5V/Div) CH2:(5V/Div) some case with preferable current ratio instead current balance, corresponding technique provided. different physical environment each channel, necessary slightly adjust current loading between channels. Figure shows application circuit current ratio requirement. Applying along L+DCR branch R1+C//R2 branch Time (25ms/Div) Figure Over Current Protection soft start interval Look corresponding conditions Over Current Protection CH1:(5V/Div) CH2:(5V/Div) Thus (R1//R2) Then Time (25ms/Div) With internal current balance function, this phase would share (R1+R2)/R2 times current than other phases. Figure show different settings power stages. Figure shows performance current ratio compared with conventional current balance function Figure 0.3uH 0.6m Figure Over Current Protection steady state Current Ratio Setting +VCR1 Figure Setting current ratio function 0.3uH 0.6m Figure Application circuit current ratio setting Figure GM1~3 Setting current ratio function DS9245B-02 March 2007 www.richtek.com RT9245B Current Ratio Function Load Line without dead zone light loads 1.31 1.29 Dead Zone Compensation RCSN open CORE 1.28 1.27 1.26 1.25 1.24 1.23 RCSN Dead Zone Compensation Figure Figure VOUT Current Balance Function RCSN RCSN2 Figure Application circuit Referring Figure expressed IOUT VOUT ILX_50% ILX_50% RCSN2 RCSN2 RCSN Figure Dead Zone Elimination RT9245B samples holds inductor current period time-sharing sourcing current RCSN. light load condition when inductor current balance, voltage across sensing capacitor would negative. needs negative sense voltage. However, RT9245B CANNOT provide negative consequently cannot sense negative inductor current. This results dead zone load line performance shown Figure Therefore technique shown Figure required eliminate dead zone load line light load condition. www.richtek.com where ILX_50% inductor current period. make sure RT9245B could sense inductor current, right hand side Equation should always positive: VOUT ILX_50% ILX_50% RCSN2 RCSN2 RCSN Since RCSN2 RCSN practical application, Equation could simplified VOUT ILX_50% RCSN2 RCSN Figure shows that dead zone load line light load eliminated applying this technique. DS9245B-02 March 2007 RT9245B With external pull resistors tied pins, RT9245B converters different codes from into output voltage. Figure Figure show waveforms function. Output Voltage Offset Function meet requirement initial offset load line, RT9245B provides programmable initial offset function. External resistor RVOSS voltage source VOSS generate offset current IVOSS VOSS VOSS where VVOSS typical. quarter IVOSS flows through shown Figure Error amplifier would hold inverting equal VDAC VADJ. Thus output voltage subtracted from VDAC VADJ constant offset voltage. RFB1 VCORE VDAC VADJ VOSS positive output voltage offset possible connecting RVOSS instead GND. Please note that when RVOSS connected VDD, VVOSS typically half IVOSS flows through RFB1. VCORE rewritten VCORE VDAC VADJ RFB1 RVOSS (Falling) VCORE CH3:(500mV/Div) CH4:(1V/Div) CH1:(5V/Div) CH2:(500mV/Div) VID5 VDAC 1.500, IOUT Time (25µs/Div) Voltage Offset Function 1.284 1.282 Figure (Rising) CORE CH3:(500mV/Div) CH4:(1V/Div) CH1:(5V/Div) CH2:(500mV/Div) 1.28 1.278 1.276 1.274 1.272 1.27 1.268 VCORE VID5 VDAC 1.500, IOUT ROSS Figure Time (25µs/Div) Figure Load Line Setting Thermal Compensation VADJ AVG(IX) RADJ IVOSS VDAC-VADJ VOUT VDAC VADJ AVG(IX) current. properly resistor ADJ. Load line thermally compensated. Figure Offset Setting DS9245B-02 March 2007 www.richtek.com RT9245B PGOOD Function During start-up, RT9245B will detect 5VCC 12VIN (through pin). Figure 5VCC 12VIN ready during V(SS) Figure pulled FAULT. V(EAP) also equal GND. V(FB) VOUT will follow V(EAP) thus both V(FB) VOUT equal during During both 5VCC 12VIN ready, FAULT low, OPSS starts charging CSS. design RT9245B, (the maximal current sink source capability OPSS) limited time-variant. During 0.4V V(SS) ISS(T2) equal about 10uA. ISS(T2) 4x10 FAULT fault condition V(SS) PGOOD will pulled immediately also. RT9245B will turn side MOSFET turn high side MOSFET. VOUT will fall quickly protect from high voltage. typical waveform shown Figure VOUT 5VCC VDAC OPSS COMP After V(SS) changes about 20uA. rising speed V(SS) becomes about times faster than Figure MOSFET will turn only V(SS) VTH_N1 (threshold voltage 0.7V Before turns V(EAP) still 1.5x10 ISS(T3) Figure Soft Start Circuit 5VCC_ready DVD_ready PGOOD After V(SS) MOSFET turns V(EAP) starts rising. ISS(T4) still equal about 20uA. V(SS,EAP) equal VTH_N1. body effect MOSFET VTH_N1 increases with higher V(EAP). example, VOUT target 1.4V, V(SS,EAP) will equal about 0.7V beginning equal about 1.1V 9x10 ISS(T4) V(SS) VOUT VOUT very close target (within range ±40mV). internal timer starts. After about 1ms(T5), open-drain output PGOOD releases. PGOOD Figure Soft Start Waveform After PGOOD releases, ISS(T6) becomes about 320uA accelerate OPSS. RT9245B enters normal operation mode capable follow fly. When fault conditions happens, V(SS) PGOOD will pulled immediately. fault condition 5VCC low, low, VID_OFF, RT9245B will turn both high side MOSFET side MOSFET. VOUT will fall slowly avoid negative VOUT. typical waveform shown Figure V(SS) VOUT 5VCC_Low DVD_Low VID_OFF Figure Waveform 5VCC_Low, DVD_Low, VID_OFF DS9245B-02 March 2007 www.richtek.com RT9245B PGOOD Rising Slew Rate V(SS) VOUT Figure Waveform Error Amplifier Characteristic fast response converter meet stringent output current transient response, RT9245B provides large slew rate capability high gain-bandwidth performance. VCOMP CH1:(500mV/Div) CH2:(2V/Div) Time (250ns/Div) Figure Falling Transient with 10pF Loading; Slew Rate 8V/us 4.7k Falling Slew Rate 4.7k VDAC Figure Gain-Bandwidth Measurement signal divided signal VCOMP CH1:(500mV/Div) CH2:(2V/Div) Time (250ns/Div) Figure Rising Transient with 10pF Loading; Slew Rate 8V/us DS9245B-02 March 2007 www.richtek.com RT9245B 180° Figure Frequency Response with closed loop gain observe gain-bandwidth product; -3dB 10.86MHz Design Procedure Suggestion a.Output filter pole zero (Inductor, output capacitor value ESR). b.Error amplifier compensation sawtooth wave amplitude (compensation network). c.Kelvin sense VCORE. Current Loop Setting a.GM amplifier current (current sense component DCR, external resistor value). b.Over-current protection trip point (RIMAX resistor). Load Line Setting a.Droop amplitude (ADJ resistor). b.No load offset (RCSN2) c.DAC offset voltage setting (VOSS compen- sation network resistor RB1). Power Sequence external resistor capacitor. Layout a.Kelvin sense current sense amplifier input. b.Refer layout guide other items. Voltage Loop Setting Design Example Given: Apply four phase converter VCORE 1.4V ILOAD 125A VDROOP 95mV with load Load Line) trip point each channel (S/H) 0.6m inductor 25°C 0.3µH COUT 5600µF with equivalent ESR. www.richtek.com DS9245B-02 March 2007 RT9245B Compensation Setting Modulator Gain, Pole Zero: From following formula: Modulator Gain VIN/VRAMP 12/1.9 (i.e 16dB) where VRAMP Ramp amplitude saw-tooth wave Filter Pole 3.88kHz Zero 28kHz Compensation Network: Select 1.5k, 15k, 2.7nF, 5.6pF, 680pF Type compensation scheme shown Figure calculation. 156kHz 3.9kHz 5.8kHz (C2//C1) Middle Band Gain (i.e. 20dB) Over-Current Protection Setting Consider temperature coef icient copper 3900ppm/°C, VIMAX RIMAX 1.690V RIMAX COMMON 1.39m Figure Type compensation network over loop gain with load shown Figure Figure 680pF 1.5k 5.6pF 2.7nF RIMAX Soft-Start Capacitor Selection most application cases, 0.1µF good engineering value. Figure Frequency Response with Load DS9245B-02 March 2007 www.richtek.com RT9245B Figure Frequency Response with Middle Load Figure Frequency Response with Heavy Load www.richtek.com DS9245B-02 March 2007 RT9245B Layout Guide Place high-power switching components first, separate them from sensitive nodes. Most critical path: current sense circuit most sensitive part converter. current sense resistors tied CSP1,2,3,4 should located more than inch from away from noise switching nodes. trace sense nodes should parallel short possible. Switching ripple current path: Input capacitor high side MOSFET. side MOSFET output capacitor. return path input output capacitor. Separate power signal GND. switching nodes (the connection node high/low side MOSFET inductor) most noisy points. Keep them away from sensitive small-signal node. Reduce parasitic minimum length, enough copper thickness avoiding via. MOSFET driver should closed MOSFET. compensation, bypass other function setting components should near away from noisy power path. VOUT COUT Figure Power Stage Ripple Current Path DS9245B-02 March 2007 www.richtek.com RT9245B +12V 0.1uF BOOT UGATE PHASE LGATE PGND CSPx CBOOT Next +12V VOSS SGND RCSN COMP Next +5VIN VCORE COUT RT9619 RT9245B Locate next Locate near MOSFETs Thermal Couple Figure Layout Consideration Figure Layout power stage www.richtek.com DS9245B-02 March 2007 RT9245B Outline Dimension Symbol Dimensions Millimeters 0.850 0.050 0.800 0.178 9.601 0.650 6.300 4.293 0.450 6.500 4.496 0.762 1.200 0.152 1.050 0.305 9.804 Dimensions Inches 0.033 0.002 0.031 0.007 0.378 0.026 0.248 0.169 0.018 0.256 0.177 0.030 0.047 0.006 0.041 0.012 0.386 28-Lead TSSOP Plastic Package Richtek Technology Corporation Headquarter Taiyuen Street, Chupei City Hsinchu, Taiwan, R.O.C. Tel: (8863)5526789 Fax: (8863)5526611 Richtek Technology Corporation Taipei Office (Marketing) 137, Lane 235, Paochiao Road, Hsintien City Taipei County, Taiwan, R.O.C. Tel: (8862)89191466 Fax: (8862)89191465 Email: marketing@richtek.com DS9245B-02 March 2007 www.richtek.com Other recent searchesYG838C03R - YG838C03R YG838C03R Datasheet TRF370317 - TRF370317 TRF370317 Datasheet Si7491DP - Si7491DP Si7491DP Datasheet S448IE - S448IE S448IE Datasheet M16C - M16C M16C Datasheet ERA83-006 - ERA83-006 ERA83-006 Datasheet CXG1195XR - CXG1195XR CXG1195XR Datasheet 2N7076 - 2N7076 2N7076 Datasheet
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