Cell Li-Ion Smart Battery Pack Module FEATURE Complete Solution C

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Cell Li-Ion Smart Battery Pack Module FEATURE Complete Solution C

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XM3100
Cell Li-Ion Smart Battery Pack Module
FEATURE Complete Solution Cell Li-Ion battery pack X3100 microcontroller control Built-in Gauge Software General Purpose Microcontroller SMBus interface/SBS compliant DESCRIPTION XM3100 module complete battery pack solution that features Xicor X3100 Lithium battery protection monitor battery packs consisting Lithium-Ion battery cells (10.8V 14.4V packs) X3100 provides over-voltage, undervoltage, over-current protection circuitry, internal EEPROM memory, internal voltage regulator, drive circuitry switching external devices used control cell charge, discharge, cell voltage balancing. XM3100 module provides external devices needed control battery pack including preprogrammed microcontroller. This microcontroller System Management (SMBus v.1.0) interface with operation compliant with Smart Battery System Standard. built software XM3100 module provides coulomb counting algorithms that provide basic battery
BENEFIT Minimal design effort required Safe, accurate flexible implementation. algorithms develop Custom software modules more gauge capability, cell balancing, history tracking. Conforms industry smart battery standards gauging function. Future versions board will offer more extensive gauging, cell balancing routines pack history tracking. XM3100 board outputs separate display board containing five LEDs puchbutton switch. This board included with XM3100. LEDs switch allow battery pack user check state charge without connecting battery host. LEDs turn short period time when switch pressed show capacity 10%, 30%, 50%, full charge. XM3100 board tailored meet specific customer requirements. module over-voltage, overcurrent, under-voltage levels easily changed through programmable non-volatile bits. Simple capacitor changes provide different protection time-out periods. Specialized software routines offer customized gauging.
Pins
CL1: CL2: CL3: CL4: SMBD: SMBC: Battery Cell Battery Cell (-)/Battery Cell Battery Cell (-)/Battery Cell Battery Cell (-)/Battery Cell Battery Cell Battery Pack Positive Terminal Battery Pack Negaitve Terminal SMBus Data Line SMBus Clock Line LED10: LED30: LED50: LED70: LED90: SW1: VRGO: NEG: RTH: 10-30% Capacity indicator 30-50% Capacity indicator 50-70% Capacity indicator 70-90% Capacity indicator 90-100% Capacity indicator Indicator Switch input Regulated output display board Negative terminal battery (for Thermistor) Thermistor connection (battery pack temperature)
©Xicor, Inc. 1994 1999 Patents Pending PRELIMINARY REVISION
Characteristics subject change without notice
XM3100
XM3100 BLOCK DIAGRAM
VRGO
VRGO
X3100
Analog Port
SMBD SMBC
SMBus
M37515
Port
Cell4 Optional
LED90 LED70 LED50 LED30 LED10
PRTH
SAFETY UNIT safety unit X3100 provides four selectable over voltage levels Li-ion Cells. default threshold 4.2V +/-50mV. Other selectable levels are: 4.25V, 4.3V 4.35V. over voltage detect time second. This changed replacing capacitor board. When over voltage occurs, charge automatically turned off. When voltage drops below over voltage threshold minus charge automatically turned back X3100 provides four selectable under voltage levels battery cells. default level 2.25V +/-100mV. Other options 1.95V, 2.05V, 2.15V. under voltage delay time second, this changed replacing capacitor board. When board goes into under voltage condition, both FETs board turn pack electronics into sleep mode. unit returns normal operation when charger reconnected pack. X3100 provides four selectable over current levels battery pack. These levels 3.75A, 6.25A 7.5A. These accurate +/-0.75A. over
current detect time 10ms, changed replacing capacitor board. SMBUS INTERFACE/SMART BATTERY SYSTEM SMBus interface compliant with specifications. following section describes operation Smart Battery Interface, features operation. Additional details SBS1.1 standards available Smart Battery Data Specification Revision 1.1, December 1998. Battery Commands
Manufacturer Access
(0x00)
This command functional, value written using this command read back later time. However, value written does affect control operation module.
Remaining Capacity Alarm
(0x01)
This command sets gets Capacity Alarm Threshold. Whenever "Remaining Capacity" falls below "Low Capacity", XM3100 sends alarm warning message host. Capacity setting disables alarm.
©Xicor, Inc. 1994 1999 Patents Pending PRELIMINARY REVISION
Characteristics subject change without notice
XM3100
Remaining Time Alarm (0x02)
energy pack supply energy specific period time.
This command sets gets Remaining Time alarm value. Whenever "Average Time Empty" falls below "Remaining Time", XM3100 sends alarm warning message host. Remaining Time setting disables alarm.
AtRateTimeToFull
(0x05)
This command returns predicted time fully charge battery previously written AtRate value.
Battery Mode
(0x03)
AtRateTimeToEmpty
(0x06)
Battery Mode selects various operating modes battery reports battery's capabilities modes flags minor conditions requiring attention. Table
This command returns predicted time fully discharge battery previously written AtRate value.
AtRateOK
Battery Mode Bits Field Value Comments
(0x07)
Internal Internal Charge Charge Read Only Controller Supported Controller Primary Battery Support Reserved Battery O.K. Condition Flag Read Only Conditioning Cycle Requested. Charge Controller Enabled Primary Battery (default) Internal Charge Controller disabled. Battery operating secondary role (default) Battery operating primary role XM3100 supports operation either Read Only primary secondary.
AtRateOK returns TRUE FALSE response indicating battery deliver previously written value additional energy seconds.
Temperature
This command returns temperature (oK*10).
(0x08)
cell-packs internal
Voltage Current
(0x09) (0x0A)
This command returns cell pack voltage (mV). This command returns current being supplied accepted through battery terminals (mA).
Average Current
(0x0B)
value minute rolling average current being supplied accepted through battery terminals (mA).
MaxError
(0x0C)
10-12 Reserved Alarm Mode Charger Mode Capacity Mode (default) (default) Enable alarm warning broadcasts disable broadcasts Enable charge current voltage broadcasts disable broadcasts
MaxError expected margin error state charge calculations.
RelativeStateOfCharge
(0x0D)
This command returns predicted remaining capacity expressed percentage FullChargeCapacity.
AbsoluteStateOfCharge
(0x0E)
(default) 10mW 10mWh
This command returns predicted remaining battery capacity expressed percentage DesignCapacity.
RemainingCapacity
(0x0F)
AtRate
(0x04)
This command returns predicted remaining battery capacity.
AtRate function first half function callset. AtRate supplies charge discharge value used with "AtRateTimeToFull", "AtRateTimeToEmpty" "AtRateOK" commands. These second commands determine long pack supply requested
©Xicor, Inc. 1994 1999 Patents Pending PRELIMINARY REVISION
FullChargeCapacity
(0x10)
This command returns predicted pack capacity when fully charged.
Characteristics subject change without notice
XM3100
RunTimeToEmpty (0x11)
Table Status Word
Status Bits 0x0080 0x0040 bit6 0x0020 bit5 Initialized: Fixed Discharging: when current value negative. Cleared when positive. Fully Charged: when X3100 OVDS flag cleared when Relative State Charge drops below 100%. Fully Discharged: when Terminate Discharge Flag set, Cleared Relative State Charge rises above 20%. Reserved
Battery Status Bits Condition
This command returns predicted remaining battery life present rate discharge (minutes).
AverageTimeToEmpty
(0x12)
This command returns rolling average predicted remaining battery life (minutes).
AverageTimeToFull
(0x13)
This command returns rolling average predicted remaining time until battery pack reaches full charge (minutes).
BatteryStatus
(0x16)
0x0010 bit4 0x00000x000F
This command returns battery's status word which contains Alarm Status flags. bits defined Table microcontroller charge discharge control dictated Battery Status Flags, though they cannot override X3100's protection features. Table Status Word
Alarm Bits 0x8000 bit15 0x4000 bit14 0x2000 0x1000 bit12 Over Charged Alarm: Always cleared device longer charging. cell voltage exceeds 4.352V X3100 OVDS flag set. Terminate Charge Alarm: Always cleared longer charging. with Over charged Alarm flag. Reserved Over Temperature Alarm: temperature exceeds 70oC cleared below 55oC. Terminate Discharge Alarm: Always cleared current non-negative. cell voltage less than 2.560V X3100 OCDS flag set. Reserved Remaining Capacity Alarm: Remaining Capacity drops below alarm threshold. Cleared when Remaining Capacity rises above alarm threshold. Remaining Time Alarm: Average Time Empty drops below alarm threshold. Cleared when Average Time Empty rises above alarm threshold.
Battery Status Bits Condition
Charging allowed following true: Charge Controller Enabled 1(Optional, SMBUS) Bit15 Overcharged Alarm Bit14 Terminate Charge Alarm Bit12 Overtemp Alarm Discharging allowed following true: Primary Battery (Optional, SMBus) Bit11 Terminate Discharge Alarm Bit4 Fully Discharged
CycleCount
(0x17)
This command returns number charge/discharge cycles battery experienced. cycle defined amount discharge approximately equal value DesignCapacity.
DesignCapacity
(0x18)
0x0800 bit11 0x0400 0x0200 bit9
command returns theoretical capacity pack.
DesignVoltage
(0x19)
This command returns theoretical voltage pack (mV).
SpecificationInfo
(0x1A)
0x0100 bit8
This command returns version number Smart Battery specification that battery pack supports. also reports voltage, current capacity scaling information pack.
©Xicor, Inc. 1994 1999 Patents Pending PRELIMINARY REVISION
Characteristics subject change without notice
XM3100
ManufactureDate (0x1B) Charging Voltage (0x15)
This command returns date that pack manufactured.
SerialNumber ManufacturerName
(0x1C) (0x1D)
When receiving this command, XM3100 returns smart battery desired charging voltage (mV). This based specific cells being used pack. Battery Critical Messages Whenever XM3100 detects critical condition, beomes master sends Alarm Waring message both Smart Battery Charger SMBus Host, notifying them critical condition.
This command returns pack serial number. This command returns pack manufacturer. XM3100 programmed return "Xicor, Inc." value reprogrammed meet pack manufacturer's needs.
AlarmWarning Broadcasts
(0x16)
DeviceName
(0x21)
This command returns battery's name. XM3100 programmed return board part number, value reprogrammed meet pack manufacturer's needs.
DeviceChemistry
(0x22)
This command returns value "LION" indicate that pack supports Li-ion batteries.
AlarmWarning message sent XM3100, acting master device, charger host. warning that more alarm conditions exist. alarm conditions encoded fields messsage. These fields match those battery status word. alarm warning messages disabled setting Battery Mode high. this case host charger need poll battery pack determine status. Broadcast (command 0x16) sent battery pack other components SMBus. occurs automatically when Battery Mode low. This broadcast occurs every seconds provides charger with values desired charge current voltage. Gauge gauge software XM3100 board consists simple accumulation current based reading voltage across sense resistor. software makes current sense amplifier X3100 improve accuracy current reading over wide dynamic range. accumulated current value placed gauge register consistant with specification. Other computations required specification (such AtRate) computed continuously. gauge does provide routines automatic compensation gauge value based temperature current rate. Gauge Calculations There number calculations associated with gauge. Brief descriptions provided below give additional information about operation module.
ManufacturerData
(0x23)
specified Smart Battery Specification, this read only command that returns block data from battery pack. optional command used reading various parameters from pack. XM3100 does this command, enhanced software could read collected battery pack history, such number deep cycles, violations temperature current rate extremes, discharge patterns. Battery Charger Messages battery charger Battery Mode high poll battery pack determine battery charging requirements. charger request battery charging current, charging voltage, status periodically, must intervals from seconds. charger periodocally polls pack disable pack's automatic broadcast charging current charging voltage setting Charger Mode one.
Charging Current
(0x14)
When receiving this command, XM3100 returns smart battery desired charging rate. This based specific cells being used pack.
Core Parameters
Average Current: This value updated every 1.874 seconds. averages "fast average" current values.
©Xicor, Inc. 1994 1999 Patents Pending PRELIMINARY REVISION
Characteristics subject change without notice
XM3100
Remaining Capacity: Every 59.97 seconds Average current converted then positive) added Remaining Capacity value negative) subtracted from Remaining Capacity value. Average TIme Empty: Remaining capacity converted mA-min divided Average current. Average Time Full: Full Charge Capacity minus Remaining Capacity value converted mA-min divided average current. Rate Commands These parameters updated continuously, effective update rate every 59.97 seconds, their dependency Remaining Capacity value. Rate O.K.: Remaining Capacity converted mA10s compared Rate current. discharge rate temperature compensation used. Rate Time Full: Full Charge Capacity minus Remaining Capacity value converted mA-min divided Rate current. Rate Time Empty: Remaining Capacity value converted mA-min divided Rate current value. Cell Balancing Cell balancing provided this version module. Another version (XM3100CB) will provide external FETs resistors required balance cells software control balancing. Cell balancing mechanism that adjusts voltages cells they equal. This usually done when pack fully nearly fully charged. Cell balancing improve pack capacity extend life cells.
Miscellaneous Parameters
These parameters updated continuously, effective update rate every 59.97 seconds, their dependency Remaining Capacity value. Full Charge Capacity: This simple comparison Remaining Capacity. Because gauge simplicity, this value cannot exceed Design Capacity. Relative State Charge: This value Remaining Capacity divided Full Charge Capacity. Absolute State Charge: This value Remaining Capacity divided Design Capacity. Cycle Count; This incremented excursion from less than Relative State Charge greater than 90%. Maximum Error: This value fixed
Time Commands
These parameters updated continuously, effective update rate every 59.97 seconds, their dependency Remaining Capacity value. Time Empty: Remaining capacity converted mA-min divided Current value.
©Xicor, Inc. 1994 1999 Patents Pending PRELIMINARY REVISION
Characteristics subject change without notice
XM3100
Absolute Maximum Ratings Parameter
Storage Temperature Output Current Lead Temperature (Soldering seconds) Battery Voltage Storage Temperature (B-)
Min.
Max.
(B-) +27.0
Unit
device these other conditions above those indicated operational sections this specification implied. Exposure absolute maximum rating conditions extended periods affect device reliability. Recommended Operating Conditions Temperature
Industrial
Min.
-40oC
Max.
+85oC
*COMMENT Stresses above those listed under "Absolute Maximum Ratings" cause permanent damage device. This stress rating only functional operation
Supply Voltage
XM3100
Limits
OPERATING CHARACTERISTICS (Over recommended operating conditions, unless otherwise specified. Description
Supply Current Supply Current Supply Current Cell over-voltage protection mode threshold Cell over-voltage protection mode release threshold Cell over-voltage detection time Cell under-voltage protection mode (SLEEP) threshold. Cell under-voltage protection mode release threshold Cell under-voltage detection time Cell under-voltage release time Over-current mode Detection Voltage Over-current mode Detection Time Over-current mode Release Time Load Resistance Over-current mode Release Condition Cell Charge Threshold Voltage Initial Charger Voltage (pack wake-up) VSLR VCE=1.4V (Default)(1)
Icc1 Icc2 Icc3 VOVR VUVR TUVR TOCR
Condition
Normal Operation Power Down Sleep mode VOV=4.20V (Default)
Unit
4.15 4.20 -0.2 2.20 2.30 VUV+0.7
4.25
VOV=4.20V (Default)(1) COV=0.1uF VUV=2.3V (Default)(1) VUV=2.3V (Default)(1) CUV=0.1µF CUV=0.1µF VOC=0.1V (Default) COC=1nF COC=1nF
2.40
0.100 1.40 17.0
10.5 0.115
0.085 1.30 16.0
1.50
©Xicor, Inc. 1994 1999 Patents Pending PRELIMINARY REVISION
Characteristics subject change without notice
XM3100
EQUIVALENT A.C. LOAD CIRCUIT
1533 100pF
VOL= 0.4V
A.C. TEST CONDITIONS Input Pulse Levels Input Rise Fall Times Input Output Timing Levels Output Load 0.1VCC 0.9VCC 10ns 0.5VCC Standard Output Load
A.C. CHARACTERISTICS (Over recommended operating conditions, unless otherwise specified) 100kHz Symbol IPEAK IPULLUP fSMB tBUF tHD:STA tSU:STA tSU:STO tHD:DAT tSU:DAT tTIMEOUT tLOW tHIGH tLOW:SEXT tLOW:MEXT Parameter SMBDATA, SMBCLK Input Voltage SMBDATA, SMBCLK Input High Voltage SMBDATA, SMBCLK Output Voltage (@IPULLUP, max) Input Leakage Current through pullup resistor current source SMBus Operating Frequency free between stop start condition Hold Time after (Repeated) Start condition. After this period, first clock generated. Repeated Start Condition setup time Stop Condition Setup Time Data hold time Data setup time Clock Timeout Clock Time Clock HIGH Time Cumulative Clock extend time (slave device) Cumulative Clock extend time (master device) Clock/Data Rise Time Clock/Data Fall Time
1000
-0.5
Units
©Xicor, Inc. 1994 1999 Patents Pending PRELIMINARY REVISION
Characteristics subject change without notice
XM3100
TIMING
SMBC
tHIGH tSU:DAT
tLOW
tSU:STA
SMBD
tHD:STA
tHD:DAT tBUF
tSU:STO
VALID START STOP CONDITIONS
SMBC SMBD Start Stop
ACKNOWLEDGE RESPONSE FROM RECEIVER
SMBC from Transmitter SMBD from Transmitter SMBD from Receiver Start
Acknowledge
©Xicor, Inc. 1994 1999 Patents Pending PRELIMINARY REVISION
Characteristics subject change without notice

Cell Li-Ion Smart Battery Pack Module FEATURE Complete Solution C

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