INTRODUCTION SOFTWARE TOOLS III. RIDE MAST6 ASSEMBLER From AST6/L
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MICROCONTROLLER TRAINING
INTRODUCTION SOFTWARE TOOLS
III. RIDE MAST6 ASSEMBLER From AST6/LST6 RIDE RCST6 COMPILER REALIZER
HARDWARE TOOLS TIPS TRICKS
RIDE Raisonance
toolchain tools single window environment Interface assembler, compiler, linker, debugger simulator Replaces AST6 CST6 LST6 WGDB6 AST6 LST6 files processed RIDE Ride compatible with emulators (ST6-HDS2 family), SOFTEC emulators (DS62x5A) CEIBO emulator (EB-ST62) starter kits compatibility planned 2000 packages available AKIT-ST6, RKIT-ST6
RIDE Raisonance
Text editor
Syntax highlighting GREP, INDENT,FIND, 'Search matching delimiter' functions Available debug session
Project manager
MAKE, BUILD Tree-structured application
Tools integrator
Predefined tools Custom tools
RIDE Raisonance
DEBUGGER INTERFACE
Numerous views available
Source code Disassembly code Symbols Peripherals
Numerous debug functions
Breakpoints Trace Stimulus simulator
RIDE Packages content
Ride graphical interface MA-ST6 assembler RL-ST6 linker SimICE-ST6 debugger simulator RC-ST6 compiler
AKIT-ST6 FREE RKIT-ST6
RIDE Programming tools
ASSEMBLER
object files
executable file LINKER
COMPILER
FULLY INTEGRATED INTO RIDE
MICROCONTROLLER TRAINING
INTRODUCTION SOFTWARE TOOLS
III. RIDE MAST6 ASSEMBLER From AST6/LST6 RIDE RCST6 COMPILER REALIZER
HARDWARE TOOLS TIPS TRICKS
RIDE MA-ST6 assembler
Translates assembly mnemonics into machine code Source compatible with STMicroelectronics AST6/LST6 Generates listing file relocatable object file
AST6 source files
PREPROCESSOR
ASSEMBLER Object file
MA-ST6 source files
Listing file
RIDE
MA-ST6 assembler ASCII File with extension ".ST6" Each line fields: [LABEL] OPERATION [OPERAND,[OPERAND]] ;[COMMENT]
Start v-register
v,55h
;Init
MA-ST6 ASSEMBLER Numbers character constants
Default base numbers decimal Base overrided adding suffix:
binary (0,1) octal (0-7) hexadecimal (0-9,A-F a-f)
Hexadecimal numbers must start with avoid confusion with symbol names character constant ascii character enclosed single quotes value 8-bit ASCII code character
Example:
MA-ST6 ASSEMBLER Directives
Used control assembler will process instructions Several categories directives:
Symbol definition data space (DATA Symbol definition program space (DB, ASCII Symbol assignment (EQU, Hardware-related directives (SEGMENT, $DATAPAGING, $PROGPAGING,. Linking directives (GLOBAL, EXTERN.
NOTES: They written uppercase lowercase
MA-ST6 ASSEMBLER Segment
DEFINITION
order optimize code size used, MAST6 includes directive that enables define part memory (code data) segments. ABSOLUTE segment precise address. RELOCATABLE segment precise address will placed physically linker.
MA-ST6 ASSEMBLER Relocatable segment
SEGMENT DECLARATION Syntax: Seg_name SEGMENT Seg_type [PAGE num]
Seg_type possible values:
CODE DATA EEPROM DATAROM segment located program space segment located space segment located EEPROM space segment located program space 64-byte window
MA-ST6 ASSEMBLER Relocatable segment
PAGE possible values:
CODE DATAROM (program space) static, auto DATA (RAM space): static, auto EEPROM (EEPROM space) 1,2, auto
SEGMENT SELECTION Syntax: RSEG Seg_name
current segment remains selected until found
MA-ST6 ASSEMBLER Relocatable segment
EXAMPLE
Codseg data1seg data2seg RSEG counter: RSEG
SEGMENT SEGMENT SEGMENT data1seg codseg
CODE DATA DATA
relocatable code segment relocatable data segment relocatable data segment data1seg segment selection reserve byte data1seg codseg segment selection
MA-ST6 ASSEMBLER Absolute segment (1/2)
CODE SEGMENT DECLARATION (1/2) Syntax CSEG address [PAGE num] PAGE specified address banking area EXAMPLE
Codseg CSEG Label RSEG CSEG SEGMENT CODE ;relocatable segment declaration 880h codseg ;Absolute code segment declaration ;codseg segment selection ;address 882h
MA-ST6 ASSEMBLER Absolute segment
CODE SEGMENT DECLARATION (2/2) Syntax: Seg_name SEGMENT Seg_type address
CODE SEGMENT SELECTION Syntax: ASEG Seg_name ASEG used only segment declared with
MA-ST6 ASSEMBLER Absolute segment
DATA SEGMENT DECLARATION Syntax: DSEG address [PAGE num] PAGE specified address banking area EXAMPLE
DSEG
Data segment starts
EEPROM SEGMENT DECLARATION Syntax: ESEG address PAGE PAGE mandatory
MA-ST6 ASSEMBLER Memory management
Enable Banking? Windowing Reserve Memory Spaces Initialize Memory Spaces Program Space Assign Symbols Addresses, Registers Values
MA-ST6 ASSEMBLER PAGING
$PROGPAGING
Enables Bank switching mode code space
$NOPROGPAGING (DEFAULT)
Disables Bank switching mode
#PAGE (expr)
Enables page number where expr defined
MA-ST6 ASSEMBLER
PAGING
logical address
0000h 0000h 1000h 0000h 1800h
07FFh 0800h
07FFh 17FFh
07FFh 1FFFh
0F9Fh 0FF0h 0FFFh
virtual address 64-byte window
Interrupt Reset
MA-ST6 ASSEMBLER WINDOWING
directive needed enable windowing mecanism
#WINDOW (expr) Used value Determines 64-byte window number where expr located
#WINOFFSET(expr) Returns relative address expr window
PAGING WINDOWING
EXAMPLE
$PROGPAGING Enable bank switching
codseg0 codseg1 Table RSEG tab: RSEG SUBR1:
codseg0 will mapped page SEGMENT CODE PAGE static codseg1 will mapped page SEGMENT CODE DATAROM Table will located 64bytes window Table 0Dh, 0Eh, codseg0 DWR, #window(tab) #winoffset(tab)
A,(X)
SEGMENT CODE PAGE
Select Table Select codseg0 Window Register address first element table
RSEG
codseg1 PRPR, #page(SUBR1)
call SUBR1
Select codseg1 PRPR value where SUBR1 located
MA-ST6 ASSEMBLER DATA PAGING
$DATAPAGING $NODATAPAGING (DEFAULT) #PAGE (expr)
Used DRBR value enables EEPROM page number where expr defined
MA-ST6 ASSEMBLER DATA PAGING
logical address
DRBR 000h DRBR 000h DRBR DRBR
03Fh 040h
03Fh
07Fh 084h
0BFh 0FFh
MA-ST6 ASSEMBLER DATA PAGING
EXAMPLE
$DATAPAGING Enable bank switching
codseg dataseg
SEGMENT CODE SEGMENT DATA Select dataseg Reserve byte dataseg Reserve byte dataseg Select codseg
RSEG dataseg reg1: reg2: RSEG codseg
DRBR, #page (reg1) DRBR value where reg1 located reg1, reg2
MA-ST6 ASSEMBLER Symbol definition
SYMBOL DEFINITION Syntax Symb_name DATA address
Associates address symbol, physical location reserved address range 00-3Fh, definition must precedeed directives: $DATAPAGING then $DATAPAGENUMBER(val) where select proper dynamic page (refer datasheets) $DATAPAGENUMBER only used when variables defined using DATA
MA-ST6 ASSEMBLER Symbol definition
EEPROM SYMBOL DEFINITION Syntax Symb_name EEPROM address
Associates EEPROM address symbol physical location reserved Address range 00-3Fh definition must precedeed directive: $EEPROMPAGENUMBER(val) where select proper dynamic page (refer datasheets)
MA-ST6 ASSEMBLER Symbol definition
EXAMPLE
DATA DATA
0C9h Following symbols page DRBR=08h
DRBR=01h
$DATAPAGENUMBER(1) Var1 Var2 DATA DATA
$EEPROMPAGENUMBER(0); Following symbols EEPROM page eepresult DATA
MA-ST6 ASSEMBLER Memory reservation
DATA SPACE Syntax [label:] [label:] [label:] [label:] Number_Bytes Number_Bytes Number_Words Number_Double_Words
RESERVE PHYSICAL LOCATION DATA SPACE
MA-ST6 ASSEMBLER Memory reservation
EXAMPLE
DSEG Table1: Table2: Buffer1: Buffer2: CSEG Reserve bytes Table1 Reserve bytes Table1 Reserve bytes Table1 Reserve bytes Table1 0A0h 0A3h Table initialization
800h Table1 0FFh (X),
MA-ST6 ASSEMBLER Memory initialization
Constant definition program space
BYTES Syntax:[label:] [,exp]
EXAMPLE
where 8-bit value
CSEG Table1:
800h 'Raisonance'
MA-ST6 ASSEMBLER Memory initialization
WORD Syntax: [label:] [,exp]
EXAMPLE
where 16-bit value
CSEG Table20:
830h 24h, Memory content
MA-ST6 ASSEMBLER Memory initialization
CHARACTER STRING Syntax: [label:] 'exp' [,'exp'] DEFINE ASCII CHARACTER STRING double quotes used, defines null terminated string
Message1: Message2:
'OK`
Message1
ASCII "OK" ASCIIZ"YES"
"YES" Message2
MA-ST6 ASSEMBLER Symbol assignment
Directives enable assign symbol numerical value, register name register Syntax: Symb
Symbol redefined changed must unique
EXAMPLE Timer_tick Pointer Const Timer_tick*Var
MA-ST6 ASSEMBLER Symbol assignment
Syntax: Symb
Symbol redefined another statement
EXAMPLE
Count Count
Count
MA-ST6 ASSEMBLER Linking directives
PUBLIC Syntax: PUBLIC symb [,symb]
Allow symbol other files symbol following public must declared current module
EXTERN Syntax: EXTERN Seg_type (symb symb.])
Used access symbols declared other files Seg_type CODE, DATA NUMBER
MA-ST6 ASSEMBLER Linking directives
EXAMPLE
;File EXTERN CODE (BCD_HEX, HEX_BCD) PUBLIC BCD_MULT Start: call BCD_MULT BCD_MULT: call BCD_HEX call HEX_BCD
bcd_hex hex_bcd defined another file
MA-ST6 ASSEMBLER Other directives
INCLUDE directive Syntax $INCLUDE (FileName)
source specified file will inserted file must current directory path must specified
directive Syntax expr
Specify offset CODE DATA segment
MA-ST6 ASSEMBLER Conditional assembly
Code assembled only under certain conditions
Useful debugging purposes Enhances macro programming
<expression> .ELSE .ENDIF
exp1 exp2 exp1 exp2 exp1 exp2 exp1 exp2 exp1 exp2 exp1 exp2
true exp1>= exp2 true exp1> exp2 true exp1 exp2 true exp1 exp2 true exp1 exp2 true exp1 exp2
MICROCONTROLLER TRAINING
INTRODUCTION SOFTWARE TOOLS
III. RIDE MAST6 ASSEMBLER From AST6/LST6 RIDE RCST6 COMPILER REALIZER
HARDWARE TOOLS TIPS TRICKS
From AST6/LST6 RIDE
MCUs bytes
AST6/ LST6 .ORG .EQU/.SET .INPUT DATA CSEG EQU/SET $INCLUDE MAST6
REMINDER
Ride able process AST6/LST6 files peripheral control registers automatically defined Ride batch file needed using Ride
From AST6/LST6 RIDE
MCUs bytes
AST6/ LST6 PP_ON, label.p .DP_ON, label.p .W_ON, label.w, label.d .SECTION .Window, .Windowend MAST6 $PROGPAGING, #PAGE(label) $DATAPAGING, #PAGE(label) #WINDOW(label), #WINOFFSET(label) Relocatable segment declaration selection Relocatable segment with DATAROM type
MICROCONTROLLER TRAINING
INTRODUCTION SOFTWARE TOOLS
III. RIDE MAST6 ASSEMBLER From AST6/LST6 RIDE RCST6 COMPILER REALIZER
HARDWARE TOOLS TIPS TRICKS
RIDE RC-ST6 compiler
Part RKIT-ST6 Package Fully integrated into RIDE Ansi compiler Automatic management memory architecture
banking banking windowing
memory models: small large
RIDE Programming tools
ASSEMBLER
object files
executable file LINKER
COMPILER
FULLY INTEGRATED INTO RIDE
RC-ST6 Restrictions ANSI-C
Small size:
Functions length limited
Small size:
Arithmetic types: only 8-bit 16-bit implemented, floating variable limited size bytes
levels stack:
Recursivity forbidden Reentrance from higher level interrupt allowed
RC-ST6 Extensions ANSI-C
Space qualifiers code, data, scode, sdata,
scode sdata related banking area related space used address microcontroller peripherals
GENERIC keyword
Applies pointer object either code data space
RC-ST6 Extensions ANSI-C
keyword Syntax: address
Allows absolute address variable constant specified
EXAMPLE
0x02 data char var0, var1;
var0 0x02, var1 0x03
space qualifier
RC-ST6 Extensions ANSI-C
INTERRUPT keyword Syntax: interrupt vector_number
Causes defined function interpreted interrupt routine. vector_number must specified according datasheet
EXAMPLE
void it_timer (void) interrupt timer interrupt subroutine mapped interrupt vector
RC-ST6 Extensions ANSI-C
keyword Syntax: {opcode}
Allows hexadecimal code placed current address executed code. Limited in-line assembly
EXAMPLE
void main asm{0x6D};
STOP instruction
RC-ST6 Memory models
SMALL model
devices with bytes
LARGE model
devices with bytes
EEPROM
Access EEPROM will managed through dedicated subroutines
model chosen thanks menu RIDE (Options/Project/RCST6)
RC-ST6 Concept Module
APPLIES LARGE MODEL WHAT MODULE:
module defined couple (DRBR, PRPR) Functions declarations from source file module identity (DRBR, PRPR) saved then restores interrupt occurs
RC-ST6 Parameters local variables
Stored data segment Segment overlayable relocatable linker
RC-ST6 Configuration files librairies
RCST6 delivered with ANSI Librairies
#include stdio.h
Specific configuration files
#include st6265b.h
RC-ST6 Startup file
Initializes DRBR and/or PRPR Registers Clear space Initializes global variables Reti from mode Jump main routine File edited user
RC-ST6 Data types
Support signed unsigned char bit) Support signed unsigned bit) Unsigned char directly mapped architecture
most efficient data type unsigned char type must preferred anywhere possible default, char unsigned char
Unsigned char most efficient data type must preferred anywhere possible
RC-ST6 Data types char versus integer
Comparison between generated code unsigned char, unsigned
i++} char VW11 VW11 032h jrnc _LC_7 main_L1 VW12 addi VW12, jrnc _LC_155 VW11 _LC_155: VW11 jrnz _LC_156 VW12 032h _LC_156: jrnc _LC_7 main_L1 ;main_LL23 ;main_LL24
RC-ST6 Data types unsigned versus signed
Signed char requires more code than unsigned char
SignedChar f(); f(); A,VW1 A,0x32 JRNC main_L1 CALL main_L1: VW0, 0x32 _SignedChar 0x7, VW0,main_LL2 0x7, _SignedChar,main_LL3 0x7, _SignedChar,main_LL4 main_LL2: 0x7, _SignedChar,main_LL4 main_LL3: _SignedChar main_LL4:
RC-ST6 Data
Automatic support data through windows mechanism Automatic control Data Window Register generated optimised compiler const qualified global variables allocated accessible through window mechanism
constants limited window size bytes example:
const char str[ "abcdef"; const char LongTab[100]; ERROR
example:
const char Const; char Char Char Const; DWR,#window(_Const) A,#winoffset(_Const) _Char,
RC-ST6 paging management
Optimised automatic mapping code inside pages
automatic mapping function inside pages automatic generation switch code page minimise total number switch code page restriction: functions cannot cross page boundary
Example: RAM=0x00-0x3F page1=0x800-0xF9F
RC-ST6 Interrupt management
Context saved restored CONTEXT dedicated RCT6 registers
RC-ST6 Future improvements
type support Specific instructions manipulation In-line assembly optimizations
MICROCONTROLLER TRAINING
INTRODUCTION SOFTWARE TOOLS
III. RIDE MAST6 ASSEMBLER From AST6/LST6 RIDE RCST6 COMPILER REALIZER
HARDWARE TOOLS TIPS TRICKS
REALIZER INTRODUCTION
It's easy entrance programming microcontrollers It's graphical oriented tool design applications ST62 application described graphical schematic extensive library contains industry standard elements built analyze tool provides efficient ST62 code
COMPUTER AIDED SOFTWARE ENGINEERING
MICROCONTROLLERS
REALIZER INTRODUCTION
Stop writing error prone assembly code
Design your code with user friendly, graphical, flexible efficient tool
REALIZER
REALIZER MAKE EASIER
Software design using graphic capture
more assembly write more typing errors Self documenting design
Simulation with graphic interface
more test pattern generate
"Realize" schematic
Automatic generation source assembly
Assemble program
Optimized routines included
REALIZER COMPLETE DEVELOPMENT CHAIN
Graphical Application Description
Automatic Error Free Code Generation
Graphical Simulation Environment
REALIZER Schematic editor example
State machine
Analog input
Timer symbol
Logical operator
Digital input
Digital output
REALIZER Simulator example
Digital probe
Analog Actuator
Digital oscilloscope
ST-REALIZER Overview
realizer schematic editor: function application will drawn schematically placing symbols connecting them with wires.
graphical interpreted chain macro instructions executed series
lines interpreted variables, transporting values between macros
REALIZER Overview
Symbols
Selected from libraries (main.lib, logic.lib, mainper.lib st62xx.lib) Created user, Symbolic Editor
Conditional sequencing described state machines generated program consists
initialization part main loop which includes periodic scanning inputs
ST-REALIZER Overview
Each symbol represented dedicated piece code
macro OR2BBB INPUT .MACRO or2bbb var1, var1n, var2, var2n, var3, var3n, .IFC (t1-TBIT)|(t2-TBIT)|(t3-TBIT) var3n, var3 var1n, var1, var2n, var2, var3n, var3 .ENDC .ENDM or2bbb
ST-REALIZER WORKS
Automatic initialization after reset
INITIALIZATION
Automatic configuration
registers location initialization location
MAIN LOOP INPUT READING MACRO CALLS
Automatic peripheral management
loose time learning hardware
OUTPUT UPDATE
Automatic check compatibility with target
TIMER
Automatic generation source assembler
loose time learning assembly
REALIZER Features
ST-REALIZER supports devices
user must target device from "ST62 product range"
Only E2PROM paging supported there neither paging. Consequence:
supported supported 128bytes E2PROM supported 128bytes
ST-REALIZER version below does support interrupts
wait mode stop mode
ST-REALIZER NOW!!!
IMPROVED USER INTERFACE SUPPORT INTERRUPTS SUPPORT WAIT STOP MODE LEVEL PERIPHERALS SYMBOLS CONDITIONNAL EXECUTION SUBSCHEMES LEVEL SIMULATION
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