Passport 6400 Futures `Under Hood' Malcolm Brown Brian Silverston

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Passport 6400 Futures `Under Hood' Malcolm Brown Brian Silverston

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Inform 2000 Workshop
Passport 6400 Futures `Under Hood'
Malcolm Brown Brian Silverstone April, 2000
Passport 6400 Under Hood April 2000
High Performance Network Architecture (HPA)
Telephony Services Video Services Conferencing Services Messaging Services Directory Services Policy Security Services Management Services
Passport 6400
Connection Management Services
APIs
High Performance Network Infrastructure
Services
Infrastructure: Capacity, Scalability Reliability Network Services: Common Policy, Security, Directory. Application Services: Networked, Nodal Clients: Supports Client Types Openness: Common APIs, Under Hood April 2000 Passport 6400
High Performance network Architecture (HPA) Enterprise customers five integrated components infrastructure, network services, application services, clients openness. Note, `network' implicit it's name "Nortel Networks'. Infrastructure about reliable, scalable transport system. Network Services common services which simplify network configuration, operation management Application Services common services which enable applications (telephony, video etc.) make efficient network Clients anything (because open) conventional phones, PCs, PDAs, wireless devices, video terminals, touch screens etc. etc. open (Open allowing other vendors develop applications which also make efficient network.
Passport 6000 Overview Futures Agenda
Introduction Wide Area Networking Trends Passport Strategic Directions Features/Functionality Passport 6400 Passport 6400 Futures Summary
Passport 6400 Under Hood April 2000
Introduction.
What's Important about this Presentation
This session will important Passport 6400
customers primary reasons: will illuminate significant features which being implemented Passport 6400 communicates vision strategic direction Passport 6400 product enterprise space.
Passport 6400 Under Hood April 2000
Passport 6400 uniquely positioned offer customers flexibility choice take advantage variety technologies applications. These technologies applications address customer requirements single platform without "force fit." This presentation offers customers some important insights into capabilities which being added Passport 6400 product well providing vision strategic product directions.
Business Forces Opportunities Driving Network Importance
Revolutionary Applications
Supply Chain Management Internet Enabled Call Center
Networked Economy
Interactive Multimedia Communications
Call Center
E-business
2000-02
Brick Mortar
Internet
1996-98
1998-2000
Passport 6400 Under HoodOverview Seminar April 2000
Over last years Internet evolved from being scientific network only, platform that enabling generation businesses. first wave electronic business fundamentally exchange information. Over time, more more types businesses have become available electronically. Nowadays goods online, book holidays have texts translated over Internet instant. Home banking, example, application that already provided most banks around world. Looking your balance, transferring money other transactions done every millions people. Technology revolutionizing business. moving towards pervasive computing towards electronic services. These will evolve Networked Economy will drive business models, such virtual corporation, virtual workforce, virtual shopping. North America, future, offices offsite will more common. We'll talking about desktop worktop. will used phone calls, videoconferencing etc. Europe more people have cellular phones than computers, therefore crossover communication technology information technology verge. Through cellular system, people with cellular phones able receive news flashes, which keep them up-todate latest political financial developments. future computing lies devices YOUR productivity tool, whether your handset, palmpilot cell phone not, necessarily, stand-alone PCs.
Market Trends
2500 2000 1500 1000 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003
Emerging converged
applications
multimedia drives both bandwidth
Growth VPNs
e-business remote workers branch intranet alternative address security concerns!
Product Revenue (Global
Infonetics 1999
1997 1998 1999 2000+
Percent Fortune 1000 Companies
Increasing interest
Internet Telephony
Growth public
ATM.
Passport 6400 Under Hood April 2000
When Expect Telephony?
strong
growth
Worldwide Aservices equipment revenue will grow $9.5 billion 2001, CAGR from 1997 U.S. accounts more than half projected $5.2 billion total Amarket 1999.
$9.5 Equipment Services $7.3 $5.2 $3.6 $2.4 $1.2
Market Drivers
Growth high-speed interconnect Multiservice convergence Proven Decreasing cost broadband Aservices
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
Passport 6400 Under Hood April 2000
Source: Vertical Systems Group
above B-movie poster, from article same title from technical tutorial online issue Data Communications, dated April 1999. poster captures essence ATM, that say, from dead! Quite contrary. supporting chart indicates, worldwide Aservices predicted strong growth. While recognized that dominant protocol environment, today most traffic fact, conveyed over using ATM. Apart from ATM's high speed, reliability proven Quality Service (QoS), there number other factors which contributing this growth. primary factor growth existing corporate customers' WANs. This growth coming from adding locations corporate AWANs providing LAN-LAN interconnect amongst distributed sites (primarily T1s, also using newly available IMA-standard NxT1 links). Enterprises recognize cost advantages associated with consolidating their traffic applications single, unified infrastructure. Another significant aspect customer network growth increased frame relay-to-Acorporate interworking. frame relay networks grow, corporations require ever more bandwidth their sites, requiring migration toward these sites. Some largest service providers (e.g., (AT&T WorldCom cite FR-to-Aservice interworking huge factor which contributed growth Aduring 1998 1999. major IXCs RBOCs also report corporate customers major source growth. RBOCs, customers especially important, given providers' Alinks from their DSLAMs. AT&T also reports greater than expected Ainterest from ISPs begun court this market more aggressively. More favourable pricing also lead trend towards public Aservices.
Market
1999 2000 2001 Traffic Over Public Networks Increasing Application development/expectations increasing
Generation Drivers Cost Avoidance
2002
Generation
Revenue Generation Extranet/Intranet Extension E-Business E-Profit Customer Care E-Business Enabled Networking Trust Centers Managed Services VPN+Policy Feature Expectation service quality with security Policy enabled VPNs E-Business application access control QoS, reliability, availability,
Passport 6400 Under Hood April 2000
Remote Access Application E-Commerce Market Leaders
Appliances
Market Uptake
ISPs offer basic services non-volume, infrastructure decisions being made Security Driven Data only Entrust Verisign Point solutions
Tech.
Enterprises recognize promise Internet improve their profitability reducing cost doing business while opening revenue generation opportunities. advantages Internet also bring challenges. public Internet untrusted network infrastructure and, therefore, much higher risk being tapped than private leased line networks. also opens your internal network (intranet) potentially, unauthorized hostile use. This high visibility given security market. Internet also service level constraints which limit types business traffic which successfully take advantage deployment VPNs security still early stages. simplicity, have divided market into Generation Generation Generation illustrates majority deployments today which primarily focussed cost savings. These used alternative dial-up connections connecting small offices. type traffic which passed these VPNs tends forgiving "best effort" service supplied. Products which specifically address functionality (VPN appliances) have been successful addressing this deployment. However, typical solution fragmented, with security portion separate from networking portion leading discrete management policy systems data only applications such e-mail. Generation focussed revenue generation opportunities E-Business. People conditioned expect loss connections slow response when dialing their company Intranet external websites. However, this will tolerated success business depends reliable connectivity high levels service. security components must become integral part infrastructure from consolidated security policy linkage with business application needs high reliability availability. This promise Internet!
Passport 6400 Strategic Direction
Leverage Passport 6400 strength:
Leading multiservice, enterprise switch
Leverage growth public ATM:
Enhanced access public Aservices AQoS mapping MPLS
Invest High Growth:
moving from realms academia entertainment into mainstream business: e-commerce Security/VPN! based business intranets/extranets
Integration with Nortel Network's Telephony
Strategy
Passport 6400 Under Hood April 2000
PP6400 (April, 2000) AAPort Spooled Stats Associated signaling
BGP-4 Enhancements VRRP Base-T Switchover/RAS VRRP Token Ring
over ATMMPE
Core
FPGA Management
Voice
VNET Signaling Gtwy (CASCCS Interworking)
timeframes readiness
Passport 6400 Under Hood April 2000
Passport Release includes such features Vnet Signaling gateways with interworking with IP/IPX over ATMMPE functionality VRRP 100Base-T enhancements BGP4 including Dummy Route Reflector communities Software Updates UPs) Passport Release will include features such VL-VPT Bridging, VNS, Tunneling LANE support Multicast (IGMP VRRP support token ring
PP6400 2Q/3Q2000
Voice
Call Redirection
PP6400 4Q2000
Voice
Digit Manipulation
Multicast (PIM IGMP)
802.1
Bridging over Tunneling over over over ATMMPE
AAEnhanced stats Part (ABR) Part VPT)
Core Security
card Ethernet
Networking
PORS Adaptive Routing
1Passport 6400 Under Hood April 2000
Passport Release includes such features Vnet Signaling gateways with interworking with IP/IPX over ATMMPE functionality VRRP 100Base-T enhancements BGP4 including Dummy Route Reflector communities Software Updates UPs) Passport Release will include features such VL-VPT Bridging, VNS, Tunneling LANE support Multicast (IGMP VRRP support token ring
PP6400 2001 Half Features
Voice Telephony Media Gateway L3/L4 Enhancements Enhancements LANE over 4.0/ILMI Networking MPLS (LER/LSR PNNI Multi-Hierarchy
Security
Passport 6400 Under Hood April 2000
Passport Release includes such features Vnet Signaling gateways with interworking with IP/IPX over ATMMPE functionality VRRP 100Base-T enhancements BGP4 including Dummy Route Reflector communities Software Updates UPs) Passport Release will include features such VL-VPT Bridging, VNS, Tunneling LANE support Multicast (IGMP VRRP support token ring
Passport 6400 Features Functionality
Overview
Four AFPs port OC3/STM1 Long Reach with (line protection) Port port OC3/STM1 Short Reach with (line Port protection) port with sparing port with sparing
Optical Line
Switch
SUNIDUAL
Optical Line
MPC750 Processor
SDRAM
Custom ASICs high performance traffic management networking Threefold increase processing power for: Increased call set-up rates scalability High performance datapath
Passport 6400 Under Hood April 2000
points: Slides gives overview function processor Four being developed initially more will developed this technology will announced those programs start firming aspect Custom silicon high performance packet forwarding Atraffic management ASIC's; Passport queue controller high performance frame forwarding sophisticated Traffic Management
Enhanced processor which will allow processor power following datapath packet forwarding performance exception handling capabilities protocols supported hardware datapath scalability increased call additional information please workshop "AIP Overview"
Benefits
Increased Multi-Service Performance over ASaturate OC3/STM1's with Frame Relay, ATM, PORS DPRS
Optimized IP/Aapplications
Virtual Private Intranets, AQoS mapping
Enhanced ATraffic Management
Virtual trunking, queuing scheduling, etc.
Enhanced Passport Scalability
Increased number connections call setup rates
Improved APerformance Traffic Management
Passport 6400 Under Hood April 2000
Benefits Increased multiservice performance ATM, PORS DPRS traffic allowing fill OC3/STM1 pipes with sort traffic Optimized Afor transport over providing congestion management techniques AAL5 type traffic.
Significant Enhancement Atraffic management: queuing (common, Weighted Fair Queuing) scheduling, Emission Priorities, congestion control; access public Aservice granularity shaping shapers meet various public Aofferings Improved scalability Passport platform with impact performance trunk 2OC3 which will enabler higher fanin (both logical physical) product thus reducing your overall equipment cost potentially reducing number switches required your network increased call rates, connection scalability allowing support more customers switch therefore again reducing overall equipment cost Will also eliminate need forwarder this will free slot allowing more cost effective slot Passport solution well increase fanin slot platform. increased performance ILS/IP over ATM. FP's deployed incrementally meaning that will interwork coexist with existing services AFP's allowing make deployment decision based particular nodes requirements allow incrementally adapt capabilities. forklift upgrade capability which will allow your existing service remain intact. addition will allow Passport scale much further thus reducing overall cost running your Passport net.
Values
Voice PABX
VP-Based Public Private ANetwork
Voice PABX
SERVICES
SERVICES
Router-VCC/n.a Voice-VCC/n.c
VPC/n
VCC/n.a- Router
VCC/n.c- Voice
Virtual Path Termination
Efficient bandwidth sharing multiple service category VCCs within Allows effective public Aaccess Traffic Shaping Increased granularity shaping rates Enhanced Multiservice performance over i.e., PORS, DPRS, FRF.5, FRF.8, MCS,
Passport 6400 Under Hood April 2000
endpoint where management functions provided both VCCs within Vats applied enterprise environment where both associated VCCs must managed. enterprise could choose deploy cases where connectivity into carrier network more cost effective. Where SVCs needed carrier does provide capability, enterprise deploy V-UNI implement signaling within VPT. basic without simultaneous traffic management. However, does provide functions optional CAC. standard allows traffic management level provides QOS. benefits standard simultaneous traffic management dynamic sharing bandwidth between standard other connections link thus resulting more efficient bandwidth utilization. standard overbooked. Shaping critical aspect Anetwork. Shaping trunk will enhanced from current offering. application shaping ability effectively services offered Carrier. Carrier policing Aservices, enterprise must shape ensure that they compliant contract that been negotiated with Carrier. enhancements current shaping follows: increased granularity effectively Aservice types shapers linear dual leaky dual leaky bucket shaping give flexibly enterprises meet various public Aservice offerings reduced cell delay variation linear shaper
Values
Voice PABX
Public Private ANetwork
Voice PABX
Mapping AVCCs
AQoS mapping -One mapping -Multiple Virtual Router (VR) High Performance Forwarding Engine (ILS processor) Cost effective over Asolution -elimination application over A
Passport 6400 Under Hood April 2000
Another significant aspect ATMIP integration InterLAN switching (ILS) capabilities ATMIP processor. main benefits processor ATMIP are: eliminates need Forwarder that currently required over Aapplications. processor (ILP) ATMIP built hardware allowing high performance forwarding based traffic. Performance various applications over A(including VNS) over Enhanced Layer2 flexibility Class Service Support
2H2000 Features
Compliance Including Allows unused bandwidth Cost effective service
APPLICATIONS
Loop
Voice PABX
Voice PABX
Public/Private ANetwork
Private Line/Virtual Link VPT/ABR
Passport 6400 Under Hood April 2000
Allows data excess bandwidth used other services within link More cost effective enterprises subscribe service where charged minimal bandwidth, opportunity more traffic through with minimal cell loss.
2H2000 Features
APPLICATIONS CONTINUED
Private Network
Loop traversing through Public
Private Network
Public ANetwork
Multiple Traffic Sources Using Non-ABR VCCs Multiple Traffic Sources Using Non-ABR VCCs
Private Network
Loop traversing through Public
Private Network
Flexibility Coexistence VCCs within
Passport 6400 Under Hood April 2000
allows push congestion edge, where S/D. From private networks, ability maximize bandwidth through carrier carrying non-ABR VCCs. Path congested- feedback mechanism, Passports rate ADAPT, continue current levels potentially increase traffic take advantage unused originally used before congestion. implementation Passport 6400 allows take more effective functions Aadaptation points. This implies that network does have worry about buffer management tandem points. Also, intelligent packet discard capability taken advantage where congestion management features rich Passport 6400.
Passport 6000
Experienced bullet proof mission critical multiservice networks n/rtVBR Support Leased lines ACBR
Urgency
Passport 6000
Multiple Priority System Multiple Priority System CQC-Based AFPs
Emission Queues
High Urgency
Emission Queues
rt-VBR
Emission Priority
Emission Priority
nrt-VBR
Medium
rt-VBR
Link
Link
nrt-VBR
Least Important Very Extremely Important Important Important Importance
Discard Priority (per link)
Chart illustrates CLP0 traffic Reserved control traffic CLP1 traffic always mapped
Least Important Very Extremely Important Important Important Importance
Discard Priority (min bandwidth queue)
Passport 6400 Under Hood April 2000
Passport 6400 provided mission critical applications since inception. Being market leading multiservice switch very important. Existing AFPs (CQC-based) provide three emission priorities (EP). provides eight emission priorities. Five these known Aservice categories while three applied future services that defined Aforum. mappings flexible allow network specific choices made according need network traffic. absolute priorities. served first then EP2. through served order priority well allowing Minimum Bandwidth Guarantee (MBG). allows defined percentage lower priority traffic served ahead traffic EP2-EP7 classes. When congestion occurs, this prevents starvation lower priority traffic.
High Importance
Currently treats packets same Customers require more important traffic dequeued first Provision selection based ToS, address, TCP/UDP port
Video Conferencing Collaboration Policy Server
Transaction
Voice High Delay Sensitivity
Video Conferencing Collaboration ERP. SAP, Peoplesoft
ERP. SAP, Peoplesoft Intranet Internet Explorer
DiffServ Premium Service DiffServ Tiered Service DiffServ Default Service
Router
Passport 6000 Router
Passport 6000
Router
Intranet Internet Explorer
Policy Server Router
Accelar 2Passport 6400 Under Hood April 2000
differentiated Class Service (CoS) required ensure that applications running over differentiated. This fact that treats packets same. more more applications over important distinguish traffic which deemed important network operator over those less importance. This ability distinguish different applications done provisioning CoS. This done based number parameters some which Type Service (ToS) byte UDP/TCP port.
Passport 6400
Ethernet FDDI
CLASSIFY Classify: Identify value based Incoming port (LAN) Incoming (DLCI, VPI) Source/Destination TCP/UDP ports DiffServ Code Point (DSCP/TOS) Future: 802.1p/Q
Passport 6400
MARK
Mark: Inserting DSCP value into packet
Mapping value specific value VCCs DLCIs levels Discard priority within single
Passport 6400 Under Hood April 2000
Flexible definitions policy based format Classification traffic different levels virtual router, with each traffic class treated defined generic sub-interface basis Supports based marking classification Class Service (CoS) identification applications using static sockets (HTTP, FTP, Telnet identification based Ingress FRDTE DLCI's provisioned Profile Separate DLCI's under each FRDTE Remote Group each supported with enabled FRDTE Class service support over using emission discard priorities Interfaces support Token Ring, Ethernet, FDDI Support Non-homogeneous networks (e.g. DLCIs CoS)
Passport 6400 Interworking
Passport 6400
CLASSIFY
Accelar
MARK CLASSIFY
Campus Switch: Marking done Campus Switch/Router
Passport 6400: based field Mapping ATM,
Passport 6400 Under Hood April 2000
classification marking done campus switch router Passport does have mark again. byte used provide classification Passport from campus switch router. From there standard mapping frame relay done.
Security Quick Overview
What VPNs?
Secure connectivity over non-trusted infrastructure such Internet
What types?
Evolution (Remote Access) Intranet Extension (site site, LAN) Extranet
What business drivers?
Cost Savings through emulation existing services E-Business E-Profit Time Market
VPNs support evolution based networks
Passport 6400 Under Hood April 2000
concept, fact name Virtual Private Network (VPN), new. Nortel Networks been providing VPNs decades. current definition focussed leveraging Internet communications medium, which incorporates advantages Internet. VPNs enable Enterprise extend their resources past boundaries private network. deploying suggests transport over untrusted network infrastructure, well exposing Enterprise resources outside world. Therefore, priority ensure that information kept private while transporting across untrusted network, that strong authentication/perimeter security place protect Enterprise resources. Remote Access VPN's provide cost savings, with proven payback less than year. Intranet VPNs, extended across Public Network, lower cost quicken Tfor connectivity. Extranet VPNs another step further addressing potential E-business providing ubiquitous connectivity business opportunities shortening time interval business transactions occur business drivers depend implementation VPN, generally follows. Cost Savings through emulation existing services remote access, branches, automation business tasks E-Business E-Profit differentiation through improved customer service increase market share expanding customer business partner reach Time Market connectivity speed businesses (e.g. ANX) automation business tasks security enabling apps
Passport 6400 Accelerator
Enabling E-Business
Multiservice IP-VPN High capacity site-site Extranet Partnerships (Entrust, ISS, etc)
Standards interoperable
PKI, LDAP, IKE, 3DES, SHA-1, IPSec gateways clients compliant
Functionality
IPSec authentication, Encryption Management IKE, X.509 certs, Basic NAT, Port NAT, Packet Filtering Policy Enabled
hardware based encryption custom ASICs/processors
Optimized Performance Scalability
2xDS3 rate, 4000 IPSEC Multiple shelf enabled
Passport 6400 Under Hood April 2000
Passport Accelerator utilizes "best breed" hardware software components from industry leaders Entrust, IRE, HiFn Nortel. consumes slot, Enterprise insert multiple shelf additional capacity. This designed deliver performance scalability site-site deployments. architecture consists based motherboard with security daughterboard. security features first release include: IPSec: RFC2406 (3DES, DES, MD5, SHA-1) Management: shared secret, D-H, IKE, PKI, X.509 Certificates Certificate Authority support primary building block enable E-Business interoperability with Entrust initially, others such Verisign follow Packet Filtering: NetSentry Network Address Translation: Basic NAT, Port NAT, (http, H.323, tftp.) Intrusion Detection: integration into RealSecure Support: instead multiple appliances Configurable Security Policy, off-switch Policy Manager Planned Features include: Enhanced remote access support Enhanced performance scalability through upgrade more features hardware Integrated Firewall Compression HiFN hardware already board ICSA FIPS level planned 2000
Nortel Networks Example
Passport 6420/5430/2400 Passport 6480
Extranet
Passport 6440
Servers
Directory Servers
Intranet
Router
IPSec
content
IPSec
Certificate Authority (Entrust)
IPSec Clients Users Modem
PSTN Cable network
DNS/DHCP (NetID)
Intrusion Detection (ISS)
Passport 6400 Under Hood April 2000
Passport 6400 Accelerator plays important role overall Nortel portfolio which includes Passport, Contivity, Shasta, Preside, Optivity well partnerships with market leaders such Entrust ISS. Nortel portfolio equipped with solutions from branch remote access concentration high Extranet site-to-site demands. Passport 6400 focussed enabling E-Business deployments providing values such performance, reliability, availability. This diagram illustrates example deployment. Interoperability attribute Nortel Portfolio. case Passport 6400, Accelerator IPSec will interwork only within Nortel portfolio, with external vendors also comply standards.
Passport 6400 Media Gateway
Telephony) Future
York
PSTN
MVP(E) VoA
Passport 6400 Passport 6400 Voice
Angeles
single-hop compression 4430/50 Internet Telephony
Phone
Passport 6400 Under Hood April 2000
Passport Enterprise Network today best class voice services transport networking. Passport 6400 offers Voice over Aand Passport 4400 offers Voice over Frame relay. Passport 6400 provides scaleable platform multiservice enterprise networking industry leading ATM/FR Voice Transport Voice Networking services solution with high quality voice resiliency bandwidth saving features. Passport 6400 Voice Networking allows network look like single provides cost savings bandwidth, hardware operations. Many enterprises starting look telephony certain locations where makes sense. Nortel Networks' Internet Communications Architecture facilitates this adaptation telephony enterprise networks. issue that comes upon CIO's next bridge Voice over ATM/FR networks telephony networks?
Passport 6400 Media Gateway
Telephony) Future
York
PSTN
MVP(E) VoAMedia Gateway VoIP
Passport 6400 Passport 6400 Voice
Angeles
single-hop compression 4430/50 Phone
Passport 6400 Under Hood April 2000
Internet Telephony
Media Gateway (MG) planned future feature Passport 6400. provides interworking between voice transport/networking (VoAand VoFR) 6400/4400 telephony solutions Passport 9400/4460/5430/ARN, Meridian PBX, Telephones. Passport 6400 provided four port Media Gateway telephony card. Calls made between Internet telephony domain (caller Passport 6400 voice networking (caller achieved call establishment process that uses Internet communications Architecture call manager. address media gateway card used call setup. media gateway card connected card through physical connection. Once media gateway call gets routed card then uses Passport 6400 voice networking with quality functionality that this brings. Unmatched voice networking capability between ATM, Feature rich Interworking flexibility between different technologies network. Allows customer migrate their pace enterprise
PP6400 Telephony Value Proposition
Investment protection customers emerging
value telephony
Managed transition telephony businessdriven pace
Leverage customer values Internet
communications architecture
Telephony-grade infrastructure voice traffic
Quality Voice Solutions Today with Flexibility Movement Tomorrows world
Passport 6400 Under Hood April 2000
Allows customer deploy/trial Inca VoIP while they retain benefits Passport voice 6400 4400/6400 network grade-of-service reliable, voice quality/low delay, functionality efficiency (low bandwidth overhead) Flexibility solutions interworking: VoFR, VoATM, VoIP each where when makes business sense! Leverage customer values Internet communications architecture open standards, platform independent Unified Networks class innovative terminals gateways integrated voice/data applications
Multi-Protocol Label Switching (MPLS)
Label Edge Router (LER) Label Switch Router (LSR) Label Switch Router (LSR)
Label Edge Router (LER)
Packet
Packet
ABackbone
Passports Passports
Packet
Label
Packet
Label
Packet
Label
Layer Routing
analyzes packet header decide what Forwarding Equivalent Classes (FEC) address part Once found, corresponding Label Switched Path(LSP) used. packet encapsulated with Identifier (label) forwarding LSR.
Layer Forwarding
looks attached label, uses index into table determine outbound link which packet should forwarded label assigned forward packet outbound link. Each packet forwarded, hop, across network with label swapping occurring each node.
Layer Routing
destination LER, packet de-capsulated (label removed) normal layer routing applied.
Passport 6400 Under Hood April 2000
Better traffic engineering large networks through explicit routes Improves flexibility allows aggregation traffic flows based multiple parameters such destination address, destination router application (i.e. session). Allows scalability transit nodes require lower volume routing knowledge; addresses squared problem based networks supported over multiple interfaces preserves investment technologies such ATM. existing
MPLS Benefits
Facilitates traffic engineering services
Explicit routing (traffic steering) made simpler more practical
Introduces greater flexibility evolvability into network
MPLS aggregated flows based variety parameters (source, destination address; destination router ingress interface) Separation routing forwarding facilitates changes routing architecture
Enhance scalability large router networks
Minimizes number adjacencies
Enhances operational simplicity consistency
Consistent forwarding mechanism across many layer technologies (ATM, Frame Relay, PPP, Ethernet)
Allows leverage investment Aequipment
Provides scalable method integrating into existing network infrastructure References: www.nortelnetworks.com/ mpls
3Passport 6400 Under Hood April 2000
values deploying MPLS network include: Enhanced traffic control engineering traffic Enhanced IP-awareness core network. This provides greater flexibility network evolution service offerings become more prevalent. Enhanced router scalability large router networks with many adjacencies Provides unified networking option over several types layer transports Better core network scalability with merge aggregation capabilities Investment protection existing investment Aequipment Finally, MPLS tunnels offer networking option services
Passport 6400 MPLS Phase Feature Content
OSPF PNNI
FrDte ALER
FrDte A
A
MPLS
CRLDP
Router
MPLS over AATMIP ATMIP
CRLDP
parameters
AShips Night port level
PNNI LDP/CRLDP
Traffic Engineering
paths repair
Interoperability
CRLDP Hop-by-Hop
Passport 6400 Under Hood April 2000
MPLS will initially introduce Passport 6400 with following functionality: functionality will provided functionality will provided Constraint Based Label Distribution Protocol (CR-LDP). Strict explicit route which path completely specified source node. Loose explicit route which only part path specified. That only subset intermediate hops explicitly indicated. Layer-3 routing protocols required complete path. AShips night functionality port level. This provides ability both Aand MPLS same port well allowing both OSPF PNNI running network. Backup paths global repair traffic engineering, reliability failure recovery. Interoperability: between CR-LDP Integrated MPLS/Atrunking Acore reuse easy migration Hop-by-Hop which allows topology-driven routing based destination prefix across MPLS domain. This enables network take advantage MPLS capabilities, however, does provide needed infrastructure perform traffic engineering
Foundation PP6400 Business Offer
Customer Expectations: Flexible, scalable,
multiservice platform
Passport 6400 Values:
Lower cost operations Application optimized performance Business critical availability Flexibility Scalability (up/down)
Passport 6400 Proof Elements:
802.1 BGP-4 enhancements VRRP 100BT VNET Signaling Gateway (CAS CCS) Multicast MPLS VPN/IPSec Telephony Gateway
convergence E-business enablers Optimized Business grade
reliability/security
Cost optimization Policy based networking Simplified OA&M
Driving evolution Passport 6400 Offering
Passport 6400 Under Hood April 2000
Summary Passport 6400 Strategic Directions
Passport 6400 evolving accordance with market
trends customer requirements:
Continuing evolution support network convergence within leverage Passport 6400 strength: Leverage growth public ATM: enhanced access public Aservices AQoS mapping MPLS Invest High Growth: ebusiness enabler (intranets/extranets, policy based networking, reliability, secure VPNs.) Integration with Nortel Network's Telephony Strategy
Passport 6400 Under Hood April 2000

Passport 6400 Futures `Under Hood' Malcolm Brown Brian Silverston

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