5th-Order, Lowpass, Switched-Capacitor Filters MAX7409/MAX7410/MA

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5th-Order, Lowpass, Switched-Capacitor Filters MAX7409/MAX7410/MA

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19-4766; 9/98
5th-Order, Lowpass, Switched-Capacitor Filters
MAX7409/MAX7410/MAX7413/MAX7414 5th-order, lowpass, switched-capacitor filters (SCFs) operate from single (MAX7409/MAX7410) (MAX7413/ MAX7414) supply. These devices draw only 1.2mA supply current allow corner frequencies from 15kHz, making them ideal low-power post-DAC filtering anti-aliasing applications. They feature shutdown mode, which reduces supply current 0.2µA. clocking options available these devices: self-clocking (through external capacitor) external clocking tighter corner-frequency control. offset adjust allows adjustment output level. MAX7409/MAX7413 Bessel filters provide overshoot fast settling, while MAX7410/MAX7414 Butterworth filters provide maximally flat passband response. Their fixed response simplifies design task selecting clock frequency.
Features
5th-Order Lowpass Filters Bessel Response (MAX7409/MAX7413) Butterworth Response (MAX7410/MAX7414) Clock-Tunable Corner Frequency (1Hz 15kHz) Single-Supply Operation (MAX7409/MAX7410) (MAX7413/MAX7414) Power 1.2mA (operating mode) 0.2µA (shutdown mode) Available 8-Pin µMAX/DIP Packages Output Offset: ±4mV
MAX7409/MAX7410/MAX7413/MAX7414
Ordering Information
PART MAX7409CUA MAX7409CPA MAX7409EUA MAX7409EPA MAX7410CUA MAX7410CPA MAX7410EUA MAX7410EPA TEMP. RANGE +70°C +70°C -40°C +85°C -40°C +85°C +70°C +70°C -40°C +85°C -40°C +85°C PIN-PACKAGE µMAX Plastic µMAX Plastic µMAX Plastic µMAX Plastic
Applications
Anti-Aliasing Postfiltering Air-Bag Electronics Base Stations Speech Processing
Selector Guide
PART MAX7409 MAX7410 MAX7413 MAX7414 FILTER RESPONSE Bessel Butterworth Bessel Butterworth OPERATING VOLTAGE
Ordering Information continued data sheet.
Typical Operating Circuit
VSUPPLY
Configuration
VIEW
0.1µF INPUT SHDN OUTPUT
SHDN
CLOCK
MAX7409 MAX7410 MAX7413 MAX7414
µMAX/DIP
MAX7409 MAX7410 MAX7413 MAX7414
0.1µF
Maxim Integrated Products
free samples latest literature: http://www.maxim-ic.com, phone 1-800-998-8800. small orders, phone 408-737-7600 ext. 3468.
5th-Order, Lowpass, Switched-Capacitor Filters MAX7409/MAX7410/MAX7413/MAX7414
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
.-0.3V OUT, COM, CLK, SHDN .-0.3V (VDD 0.3V) Short-Circuit Duration.1sec Continuous Power Dissipation +70°C) 8-Pin (derate 9.09mW/°C above +70°C) .727mW 8-Pin µMAX (derate 4.1mW/°C above +70°C) .330mW Operating Temperature Ranges MAX74 _C_A .0°C +70°C MAX74 _E_A .-40°C +85°C Storage Temperature Range .-65°C +160°C Lead Temperature (soldering, 10sec) .+300°C
Stresses beyond those listed under "Absolute Maximum Ratings" cause permanent damage device. These stress ratings only, functional operation device these other conditions beyond those indicated operational sections specifications implied. Exposure absolute maximum rating conditions extended periods affect device reliability.
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS-MAX7409/MAX7410
(VDD +5V, filter output measured OUT, 50pF load OUT, COM, 0.1µF capacitor from GND, SHDN VDD, fCLK 100kHz, TMIN TMAX, unless otherwise noted. Typical values +25°C.) PARAMETER FILTER CHARACTERISTICS Corner Frequency Clock-to-Corner Ratio Clock-to-Corner Tempco Output Voltage Range Output Offset Voltage Insertion Gain with Output Offset Removed Total Harmonic Distortion plus Noise Offset Voltage Gain Voltage Range Input Voltage Range Input Resistance Clock Feedthrough Resistive Output Load Drive Maximum Capacitive Output Load Drive Input Leakage Current Input Leakage Current CLOCK Internal Oscillator Frequency Clock Output Current (Internal Oscillator Mode) Clock Input High Clock Input fOSC ICLK COSC 1000pF (Note VCLK ±13.5 SHDN GND, VCOM THD+N VCOM RCOM VOFFSET VCOM VCOM (Note 200Hz, 4Vp-p, measurement bandwidth 22kHz Input, externally driven Output, unconnected Input, externally driven MAX7409 MAX7410 -0.2 0.25 VCOM ±0.1 ±0.1 ±0.1 fCLK (Note 0.001 100:1 0.25 ppm/°C mVp-p SYMBOL CONDITIONS UNITS
5th-Order, Lowpass, Switched-Capacitor Filters
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS-MAX7409/MAX7410
(VDD +5V, filter output measured OUT, 50pF load OUT, COM, 0.1µF capacitor from GND, SHDN VDD, fCLK 100kHz, TMIN TMAX, unless otherwise noted. Typical values +25°C.) PARAMETER POWER REQUIREMENTS Supply Voltage Supply Current Shutdown Current Power-Supply Rejection Ratio SHUTDOWN SHDN Input High SHDN Input SHDN Input Leakage Current VSDH VSDL SHDN ±0.2 SHDN PSRR Operating mode, load SHDN (Note SYMBOL CONDITIONS UNITS
MAX7409/MAX7410/MAX7413/MAX7414
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS-MAX7413/MAX7414
(VDD +3V, filter output measured pin, 50pF load OUT, COM, 0.1µF capacitor from GND, SHDN VDD, fCLK 100kHz, TMIN TMAX, unless otherwise noted. Typical values +25°C.) PARAMETER FILTER CHARACTERISTICS Corner Frequency Clock-to-Corner Ratio Clock-to-Corner Tempco Output Voltage Range Output Offset Voltage Insertion Gain with Output Offset Removed Total Harmonic Distortion plus Noise Offset Voltage Gain Voltage Range Input Voltage Range Input Resistance Clock Feedthrough Resistance Output Load Drive Maximum Capacitive Output Load Drive Input Leakage Current Input Leakage Current SHDN GND, VCOM THD+N VCOM RCOM VOFFSET VCOM VCOM (Note 200Hz, 2.5Vp-p, measurement bandwidth 22kHz Input, externally driven Output, unconnected Input, externally driven MAX7413 MAX7414 -0.2 0.25 VCOM ±0.1 ±0.1 ±0.1 fCLK (Note 0.001 100:1 0.25 +0.2 ppm/°C mVp-p SYMBOL CONDITIONS UNITS
5th-Order, Lowpass, Switched-Capacitor Filters MAX7409/MAX7410/MAX7413/MAX7414
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS-MAX7413/MAX7414 (continued)
(VDD +3V, filter output measured pin, 50pF load OUT, COM, 0.1µF capacitor from GND, SHDN VDD, fCLK 100kHz, TMIN TMAX, unless otherwise noted. Typical values +25°C.) PARAMETER CLOCK Internal Oscillator Frequency Clock Output Current (Internal Oscillator Mode) Clock Input High Clock Input POWER REQUIREMENTS Supply Voltage Supply Current Shutdown Current Power-Supply Rejection Ratio SHUTDOWN SHDN Input High SHDN Input SHDN Input Leakage Current VSDH VSDL SHDN= SHDN PSRR Operating mode, load SHDN (Note fOSC ICLK COSC 1000pF (Note VCLK ±13.5 SYMBOL CONDITIONS UNITS
FILTER CHARACTERISTICS
(VDD MAX7409/MAX7410, MAX7413/MAX7414, filter output measured OUT, 50pF load OUT, SHDN VDD, fCLK 100kHz, TMIN TMAX, unless otherwise noted.) PARAMETER BESSEL FILTERS-MAX7409/MAX7413 0.5fC Insertion Gain Relative Gain BUTTERWORTH FILTERS-MAX7410/MAX7414 0.5fC Insertion Gain Relative Gain -0.3 -3.6 -3.0 -47.5 -2.4 -3.6 -0.74 -3.0 -41.0 -64.3 -2.4 CONDITIONS UNITS
Note maximum defined clock frequency fCLK which peak (THD+N) drops 68dB with sinusoidal input 0.2fC. Note insertion gain defined VOUT VIN. Note fOSC (kHz) COSC (pF). Note PSRR change output voltage from 4.5V 5.5V.
5th-Order, Lowpass, Switched-Capacitor Filters
Typical Operating Characteristics
(VDD MAX7409/MAX7410, MAX7413/MAX7414, fCLK 100kHz, SHDN VDD, +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)
MAX7409/MAX7413 FREQUENCY RESPONSE (BESSEL)
MAX7409 toc01
MAX7409/MAX7410/MAX7413/MAX7414
MAX7410/MAX7414 FREQUENCY RESPONSE (BUTTERWORTH)
MAX7409 toc02
MAX7409/MAX7413 PASSBAND FREQUENCY RESPONSE (BESSEL)
1kHz -0.4 -0.8 GAIN (dB) -1.2 -1.6 -2.0 -2.4 -3.0 -3.2
MAX7409 toc03
1kHz GAIN (dB)
1kHz GAIN (dB)
INPUT FREQUENCY (kHz)
INPUT FREQUENCY (kHz)
1.02k INPUT FREQUENCY (Hz)
MAX7410/MAX7414 PASSBAND FREQUENCY RESPONSE (BUTTERWORTH)
1kHz -0.5 GAIN (dB) -1.0 -1.5 -2.0 -2.5 -3.0 -3.5 1.02k INPUT FREQUENCY (Hz) -250
MAX7409 toc04
MAX7409/MAX7413 PHASE RESPONSE (BESSEL)
MAX7409 toc05
MAX7410/MAX7414 PHASE RESPONSE (BUTTERWORTH)
1kHz PHASE SHIFT (DEGREES) -100 -150 -200 -250 -300 -350
MAX7409 toc06
1kHz PHASE SHIFT (DEGREES)
-100
-150
-200
INPUT FREQUENCY (kHz)
INPUT FREQUENCY (kHz)
SUPPLY CURRENT SUPPLY VOLTAGE
1.18 SUPPLY CURRENT (mA) 1.17 1.16
MAX7409 toc07
1.19
Table THD+N Input Signal Amplitude Plot Characteristics
LABEL (Hz) (kHz) fCLK (kHz) MEASUREMENT BANDWIDTH (kHz)
1.15 1.14 1.13 1.12 1.11 SUPPLY VOLTAGE
5th-Order, Lowpass, Switched-Capacitor Filters MAX7409/MAX7410/MAX7413/MAX7414
Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)
(VDD MAX7409/MAX7410, MAX7413/MAX7414, fCLK 100kHz, SHDN VDD, +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)
MAX7409 TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE INPUT SIGNAL AMPLITUDE
MAX7409 toc08
MAX7410 TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE INPUT SIGNAL AMPLITUDE
MAX7409 toc09
MAX7413 TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE INPUT SIGNAL AMPLITUDE
TABLE NOISE (dB) AMPLITUDE (Vp-p)
MAX7409 toc10
TABLE NOISE (dB)
TABLE NOISE (dB)
AMPLITUDE (Vp-p)
AMPLITUDE (Vp-p)
MAX7414 TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE INPUT SIGNAL AMPLITUDE
MAX7409 toc11
SUPPLY CURRENT TEMPERATURE
1.18 SUPPLY CURENT (mA) 1.17 1.16 1.15 1.14 1.13 1.12
MAX7409 toc12
INTERNAL OSCILLATOR PERIOD SMALL CAPACITANCE
MAX7409 toc13
TABLE NOISE (dB) AMPLITUDE (Vp-p)
1.19
OSCILLATOR PERIOD (µs)
1.11 TEMPERATURE (°C)
1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 CAPACITANCE (pF)
INTERNAL OSCILLATOR PERIOD LARGE CAPACITANCE
MAX7409 toc14
INTERNAL OSCILLATOR FREQUENCY SUPPLY VOLTAGE
MAX7409 toc15
INTERNAL OSCILLATOR FREQUENCY TEMPERATURE
OSCILLATOR FREQUENCY FREQUENCY (kHz) COSC 1000pF 31.0
MAX7409 toc16
OSCILLATOR PERIOD (ms)
30.2 30.1 OSCILLATOR FREQUENCY (kHz) 30.0 29.9 29.8 29.7 29.6 29.5 29.4 COSC 1000pF
31.5
30.5
30.0
29.5
29.0 SUPPLY VOLTAGE TEMPERATURE (°C)
CAPACITANCE (nF)
5th-Order, Lowpass, Switched-Capacitor Filters MAX7409/MAX7410/MAX7413/MAX7414
Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)
(VDD MAX7409/MAX7410, MAX7413/MAX7414, fCLK 100kHz, SHDN VDD, +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)
OUTPUT OFFSET VOLTAGE TEMPERATURE
MAX7409 toc17
OUTPUT OFFSET VOLTAGE SUPPLY VOLTAGE
MAX7409 toc18
-3.00 -3.25 OFFSET VOLTAGE (mV) -3.50 -3.75 -4.00 -4.25 -4.50
-2.0 -2.5 OFFSET VOLTAGE (mV) -3.0 -3.5 -4.0 -4.5 -5.0
TEMPERATURE (°C)
SUPPLY VOLTAGE
Description
NAME SHDN FUNCTION Common Input Pin. Biased internally midsupply. Bypass externally with 0.1µF capacitor. override internal biasing, drive with external supply. Filter Input Ground Positive Supply Input: MAX7409/MAX7410, MAX7413/MAX7414. Filter Output Offset Adjust Input. adjust output offset, connect external supply through resistive voltagedivider (Figure Connect offset adjustment needed. Refer Offset CommonMode Input Adjustment section. Shutdown Input. Drive enable shutdown mode; drive high connect normal operation. Clock Input. Connect external capacitor (COSC) from ground: fOSC (kHz) COSC (pF). override internal oscillator, connect external clock: fCLK /100.
_Detailed Description
MAX7409/MAX7413 Bessel filters provide overshoot fast settling responses, MAX7410/ MAX7414 Butterworth filters provide maximally flat passband response. parts operate with 100:1 clock-to-corner frequency ratio 15kHz maximum corner frequency.
higher frequencies). Bessel filters settle quickly-an important characteristic applications that multiplexer (mux) select input signal analog-todigital converter (ADC). anti-aliasing filter placed between must settle quickly after channel selected.
Butterworth Characteristics
Lowpass Butterworth filters such MAX7410/ MAX7414 provide maximally flat passband response, making them ideal instrumentation applications that require minimum deviation from gain throughout passband.
Bessel Characteristics
Lowpass Bessel filters such MAX7409/MAX7413 delay frequency components equally, preserving shape step inputs (subject attenuation
5th-Order, Lowpass, Switched-Capacitor Filters MAX7409/MAX7410/MAX7413/MAX7414
2V/div 2V/div 2V/div
Figure 5th-Order Ladder Filter Network
Clock Signal
200µs/div 1kHz INPUT SIGNAL MAX7409 BESSEL FILTER RESPONSE; 5kHz MAX7410 BUTTERWORTH FILTER RESPONSE; 5kHz
Figure Bessel Butterworth Filter Response
External Clock MAX7409/MAX7410/MAX7413/MAX7414 family SCFs designed with external clocks that have ±10% duty cycle. When using external clock with these devices, drive with CMOS gate powered from VDD. Varying rate external clock adjusts corner frequency filter follows:
fCLK
difference between Bessel Butterworth filters observed when 1kHz square wave applied filter input (Figure trace With filter cutoff frequencies 5kHz, trace shows Bessel filter response trace shows Butterworth filter response.
Internal Clock When using internal oscillator, connect capacitor OSC) between ground. value capacitor determines oscillator frequency follows:
fOSC (kHz) 103/ COSC (pF) Minimize stray capacitance that does affect internal oscillator frequency. Vary rate internal oscillator adjust filter's corner frequency 100:1 clock-to-corner frequency ratio. example, internal oscillator frequency 100kHz produces nominal corner frequency 1kHz.
Background Information
Most switched-capacitor filters (SCFs) designed with biquadratic sections. Each section implements filtering poles, sections cascaded produce higher-order filters. advantage this approach ease design. However, this type design highly sensitive component variations section's high. alternative approach emulate passive network using switched-capacitor integrators with summing scaling. Figure shows basic 5th-order ladder filter structure. switched-capacitor filter such MAX7409/ MAX7410/MAX7413/MAX7414 emulates passive ladder filter. filter's component sensitivity when compared cascaded biquad design, because each component affects entire filter shape, just pole-zero pair. other words, mismatched component biquad design will have concentrated error respective poles, while same mismatch ladder filter design results error distributed over poles.
Input Impedance Clock Frequencies
input impedance effectively that switched-capacitor resistor (see following equation), inversely proportional frequency. input impedance values determined below represent average input impedance, since input current continuous. rule, driver with output impedance less than filter's input impedance. Estimate input impedance filter using following formula: fCLK 2.1pF) example, fCLK 100kHz results input impedance 4.8M.
5th-Order, Lowpass, Switched-Capacitor Filters
Low-Power Shutdown Mode
These devices feature shutdown mode that activated driving SHDN low. shutdown mode, filter's supply current reduces 0.2µA output becomes high impedance. normal operation, drive SHDN high connect VDD.
MAX7409/MAX7410/MAX7413/MAX7414
VSUPPLY
0.1µF INPUT SHDN 0.1µF
OUTPUT
_Applications Information
Offset Common-Mode Input Adjustment
sets common-mode input voltage biased mid-supply with internal resistor-divider. application does require offset adjustment, connect COM. applications requiring offset adjustment, apply external bias voltage through resistor-divider network such shown Figure applications that require level shifting, adjust with respect COM. (Note: should left unconnected.) output voltage represented this equation: VOUT (VIN VCOM) with VCOM (typical), where (VIN VCOM) lowpass filtered SCF, added output stage. Electrical Characteristics voltage range Changing voltage significantly from midsupply reduces filter's dynamic range.
CLOCK
MAX7409 MAX7410 MAX7413 MAX7414
0.1µF
Figure Offset Adjustment Circuit
INPUT
SHDN
OUTPUT
CLOCK
Power Supplies
MAX7409/MAX7410 operate from single supply MAX7413/MAX7414 operate from single supply. Bypass with 0.1µF capacitor. dual supplies required (±2.5V MAX7409/MAX7410, ±1.5V MAX7413/MAX7414), connect system ground connect negative supply. Figure shows example dual-supply operation. Single- dual-supply performance equivalent. either single- dual-supply operation, drive SHDN from dualsupply operation) VDD. dual-supply applications, MAX291-MAX297.
MAX7409 MAX7410 MAX7413 MAX7414
0.1µF 0.1µF
V*DRIVE SHDN LOW-POWER SHUTDOWN MODE.
Figure Dual-Supply Operation
Anti-Aliasing Postfiltering
When using these devices anti-aliasing postfiltering, synchronize ADC) filter clocks. clocks synchronized, beat frequencies will alias into desired passband.
Input Signal Amplitude Range
optimal input signal range determined observing voltage level which Total Harmonic Distortion Noise minimized given corner frequency. Typical Operating Characteristics show graphs devices' Total Harmonic Distortion plus Noise Response input signal's peak-to-peak amplitude varied.
Harmonic Distortion
Harmonic distortion arises from nonlinearities within filter. These nonlinearities generate harmonics when pure sine wave applied filter input. Table lists typical harmonic-distortion values MAX7410/ MAX7414 with load +25°C. Table lists typical harmonic-distortion values MAX7409/ MAX7413 with load +25°C.
5th-Order, Lowpass, Switched-Capacitor Filters MAX7409/MAX7410/MAX7413/MAX7414
Table MAX7410/MAX7414 Typical Harmonic Distortion
FILTER fCLK (kHz) MAX7410 MAX7414 -86.1 -85.5 -85.8 -86.4 (Hz) -85.3 -88.7 -87.1 -88.5 -87.6 (Vp-p) TYPICAL HARMONIC DISTORTION (dB) -86.7
Table MAX7409/MAX7413 Typical Harmonic Distortion
FILTER fCLK (kHz) MAX7409 MAX7413 -86.4 -86.9 -87.9 -88.3 (Hz) -83.5 -85.4 -88.4 -87.3 -88.8 -87.9 (Vp-p) TYPICAL HARMONIC DISTORTION (dB) -82.5 -88.8 -91.1
Ordering Information (continued)
PART MAX7413CUA MAX7413CPA MAX7413EUA MAX7413EPA MAX7414CUA MAX7414CPA MAX7414EUA MAX7414EPA TEMP. RANGE +70°C +70°C -40°C +85°C -40°C +85°C +70°C +70°C -40°C +85°C -40°C +85°C PIN-PACKAGE µMAX Plastic µMAX Plastic µMAX Plastic µMAX Plastic
Chip Information
TRANSISTOR COUNT: 1457
5th-Order, Lowpass, Switched-Capacitor Filters
_Package Information
8LUMAXD.EPS
MAX7409/MAX7410/MAX7413/MAX7414
5th-Order, Lowpass, Switched-Capacitor Filters MAX7409/MAX7410/MAX7413/MAX7414
Package Information (continued)
PDIPN.EPS
Maxim cannot assume responsibility circuitry other than circuitry entirely embodied Maxim product. circuit patent licenses implied. Maxim reserves right change circuitry specifications without notice time.
_Maxim Integrated Products, Gabriel Drive, Sunnyvale, 94086 408-737-7600 1998 Maxim Integrated Products Printed registered trademark Maxim Integrated Products.

5th-Order, Lowpass, Switched-Capacitor Filters MAX7409/MAX7410/MA

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