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Serially Interfaced, 8-Digit Display Drivers MAX7219/MAX7221 comp


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19-4452; 7/03
Serially Interfaced, 8-Digit Display Drivers
MAX7219/MAX7221 compact, serial input/output common-cathode display drivers that interface microprocessors (µPs) 7-segment numeric displays digits, bar-graph displays, individual LEDs. Included on-chip code-B decoder, multiplex scan circuitry, segment digit drivers, static that stores each digit. Only external resistor required segment current LEDs. MAX7221 compatible with SPITM, QSPITM, MICROWIRETM, slewrate-limited segment drivers reduce EMI. convenient 4-wire serial interface connects common µPs. Individual digits addressed updated without rewriting entire display. MAX7219/MAX7221 also allow user select codeB decoding no-decode each digit. devices include 150µA low-power shutdown mode, analog digital brightness control, scanlimit register that allows user display from digits, test mode that forces LEDs applications requiring operation segment blinking, refer MAX6951 data sheet. 10MHz Serial Interface Individual Segment Control Decode/No-Decode Digit Selection 150µA Low-Power Shutdown (Data Retained) Digital Analog Brightness Control Display Blanked Power-Up Drive Common-Cathode Display Slew-Rate Limited Segment Drivers Lower (MAX7221) SPI, QSPI, MICROWIRE Serial Interface (MAX7221) 24-Pin Packages
Features
MAX7219/MAX7221
Ordering Information
PART MAX7219CNG MAX7219CWG MAX7219C/D MAX7219ENG TEMP RANGE +70°C +70°C +70°C -40°C +85°C PIN-PACKAGE Narrow Plastic Wide Dice* Narrow Plastic
Applications
Bar-Graph Displays Industrial Controllers Panel Meters Matrix Displays
MAX7219EWG -40°C +85°C Wide MAX7219ERG -40°C +85°C Narrow CERDIP Ordering Information continued data sheet. *Dice specified +25°C.
Configuration
VIEW
LOAD (CS) MAX7221 ONLY DOUT
Typical Application Circuit
9.53k ISET 0-DIG DIGITS MOSI
MAX7219 MAX7221
ISET
MAX7219 MAX7221
LOAD (CS) A-G,
SEGMENTS
DIP/SO
MAX7221 ONLY
8-DIGIT DISPLAY
QSPI trademarks Motorola Inc. MICROWIRE trademark National Semiconductor Corp. Maxim Integrated Products
pricing, delivery, ordering information, please contact Maxim/Dallas Direct! 1-888-629-4642, visit Maxim's website www.maxim-ic.com.
Serially Interfaced, 8-Digit Display Drivers MAX7219/MAX7221
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
Voltage (with respect GND) .-0.3V DIN, CLK, LOAD, .-0.3V Other Pins.-0.3V 0.3V) Current DIG0-DIG7 Sink Current.500mA SEGA-G, Source Current.100mA Continuous Power Dissipation +85°C) Narrow Plastic (derate 13.3mW/°C above +70°C).1066mW Wide (derate 11.8mW/°C above +70°C).941mW Narrow CERDIP (derate 12.5mW/°C above +70°C) .1000mW Operating Temperature Ranges (TMIN TMAX) MAX7219C_G/MAX7221C_G .0°C +70°C MAX7219E_G/MAX7221E_G .-40°C +85°C Storage Temperature Range .-65°C +160°C Lead Temperature (soldering, 10s) .+300°C
Stresses beyond those listed under "Absolute Maximum Ratings" cause permanent damage device. These stress ratings only, functional operation device these other conditions beyond those indicated operational sections specifications implied. Exposure absolute maximum rating conditions extended periods affect device reliability.
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
±10%, RSET 9.53k ±1%, TMIN TMAX, unless otherwise noted.) PARAMETER Operating Supply Voltage Shutdown Supply Current Operating Supply Current Display Scan Rate Digit Drive Sink Current Segment Drive Source Current Segment Current Slew Rate (MAX7221 only) Segment Drive Current Matching Digit Drive Leakage (MAX7221 only) Segment Drive Leakage (MAX7221 only) Digit Drive Source Current (MAX7219 only) Segment Drive Sink Current (MAX7219 only) SYMBOL fOSC IDIGIT ISEG ISEG/t ISEG IDIGIT ISEG IDIGIT ISEG Digit off, VDIGIT Segment off, VSEG Digit off, VDIGIT 0.3V) Segment off, VSEG 0.3V digital inputs GND, +25°C RSET open circuit segments decimal point ISEG_ -40mA digits scanned VOUT 0.65V +25°C, VOUT +25°C, VOUT 1300 CONDITIONS mA/µs UNITS
Serially Interfaced, 8-Digit Display Drivers
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)
±10%, RSET =9.53k ±1%, TMIN TMAX, unless otherwise noted.) PARAMETER LOGIC INPUTS Input Current DIN, CLK, LOAD, Logic High Input Voltage Logic Input Voltage Output High Voltage Output Voltage Hysteresis Voltage TIMING CHARACTERISTICS Clock Period Pulse Width High Pulse Width Fall SCLK Rise Setup Time (MAX7221 only) Rise LOAD Rise Hold Time Setup Time Hold Time Output Data Propagation Delay Load-Rising Edge Next Clock Rising Edge (MAX7219 only) Minimum LOAD Pulse High Data-to-Segment Delay tCSS tCSH tLDCK tCSW tDSPD CLOAD 50pF 2.25 IIH, DOUT, ISOURCE -1mA DOUT, ISINK 1.6mA DIN, CLK, LOAD, SYMBOL CONDITIONS UNITS
MAX7219/MAX7221
Serially Interfaced, 8-Digit Display Drivers MAX7219/MAX7221
_Typical Operating Characteristics
+5V, +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)
SCAN FREQUENCY POSITIVE SUPPLY VOLTAGE
MAX7219/21
SEGMENT DRIVER OUTPUT CURRENT OUTPUT VOLTAGE
MAX7219/21
SCAN FREQUENCY (Hz)
OUTPUT CURRENT (mA) RSET RSET
RSET
POSITIVE SUPPLY VOLTAGE
OUTPUT VOLTAGE
MAX7219 SEGMENT OUTPUT CURRENT
MAX7219/21
MAX7221 SEGMENT OUTPUT CURRENT
MAXIMUM INTENSITY 15/16
MAX7219/21
MAXIMUM INTENSITY 31/32
10mA/div
10mA/div
5µs/div
5µs/div
Serially Interfaced, 8-Digit Display Drivers
Description
5-8, NAME 0-DIG LOAD (MAX7219) (MAX7221) FUNCTION Serial-Data Input. Data loaded into internal 16-bit shift register CLK's rising edge. Eight-Digit Drive Lines that sink current from display common cathode. MAX7219 pulls digit outputs when turned off. MAX7221's digit drivers high-impedance when turned off. Ground (both pins must connected) Load-Data Input. last bits serial data latched LOAD's rising edge. Chip-Select Input. Serial data loaded into shift register while low. last bits serial data latched CS's rising edge. Serial-Clock Input. 10MHz maximum rate. CLK's rising edge, data shifted into internal shift register. CLK's falling edge, data clocked DOUT. MAX7221, input active only while low. Seven Segment Drives Decimal Point Drive that source current display. MAX7219, when segment driver turned pulled GND. MAX7221 segment drivers high-impedance when turned off. Connect through resistor (RSET) peak segment current (Refer Selecting RSET Resistor section). Positive Supply Voltage. Connect +5V. Serial-Data Output. data into valid DOUT 16.5 clock cycles later. This used daisy-chain several MAX7219/MAX7221's never high-impedance.
MAX7219/MAX7221
14-17, 20-23
A-SEG ISET DOUT
Functional Diagram
A-SEG SEGMENT DRIVERS 0-DIG DIGIT DRIVERS CODE WITH BYPASS RSET SEGMENT CURRENT REFERENCE DUAL-PORT SRAM ADDRESS REGISTER DECODER MAX7221 ONLY DOUT SHUTDOWN REGISTER MODE REGISTER INTENSITY REGISTER SCAN-LIMIT REGISTER DISPLAY-TEST REGISTER MULTIPLEX SCAN CIRCUITRY INTENSITY PULSEWIDTH MODULATOR
LOAD (CS)
(LSB)
(MSB)
Serially Interfaced, 8-Digit Display Drivers MAX7219/MAX7221
LOAD tCSH tCSS
tCSW
tLDCK
DOUT
Figure Timing Diagram
Table Serial-Data Format Bits)
DATA ADDRESS
Detailed Description
MAX7219/MAX7221 Differences
MAX7219 MAX7221 identical except parameters: MAX7221 segment drivers slew-rate limited reduce electromagnetic interference (EMI), serial interface fully compatible.
Digit Control Registers
Table lists addressable digit control registers. digit registers realized with on-chip, dual-port SRAM. They addressed directly that individual digits updated retain data long typically exceeds control registers consist decode mode, display intensity, scan limit (number scanned digits), shutdown, display test (all LEDs on).
Serial-Addressing Modes
MAX7219, serial data DIN, sent 16-bit packets, shifted into internal 16-bit shift register with each rising edge regardless state LOAD. MAX7221, must clock data out. data then latched into either digit control registers rising edge LOAD/CS. LOAD/CS must high concurrently with after 16th rising clock edge, before next rising clock edge data will lost. Data propagated through shift register appears DOUT 16.5 clock cycles later. Data clocked falling edge CLK. Data bits labeled D0-D15 (Table D8-D11 contain register address. D0-D7 contain data, D12-D15 "don't care" bits. first received D15, most significant (MSB).
Shutdown Mode
When MAX7219 shutdown mode, scan oscillator halted, segment current sources pulled ground, digit drivers pulled thereby blanking display. MAX7221 identical, except drivers high-impedance. Data digit control registers remains unaltered. Shutdown used save power alarm flash display successively entering leaving shutdown mode. minimum supply current shutdown mode, logic inputs should ground (CMOS-logic levels). Typically, takes less than 250µs MAX7219/ MAX7221 leave shutdown mode. display driver programmed while shutdown mode, shutdown mode overridden display-test function.
Serially Interfaced, 8-Digit Display Drivers
Table Register Address
ADDRESS REGISTER No-Op Digit Digit Digit Digit Digit Digit Digit Digit Decode Mode Intensity Scan Limit Shutdown Display Test D15- CODE 0xX0 0xX1 0xX2 0xX3 0xX4 0xX5 0xX6 0xX7 0xX8 0xX9 0xXA 0xXB 0xXC 0xXF
Initial Power-Up
initial power-up, control registers reset, display blanked, MAX7219/MAX7221 enter shutdown mode. Program display driver prior display use. Otherwise, will initially scan digit, will decode data data registers, intensity register will minimum value.
MAX7219/MAX7221
Decode-Mode Register
decode-mode register sets code (0-9, no-decode operation each digit. Each register corresponds digit. logic high selects code decoding while logic bypasses decoder. Examples decode mode control-register format shown Table When code decode mode used, decoder looks only lower nibble data digit registers (D3-D0), disregarding bits D4-D6. which sets decimal point (SEG DP), independent decoder positive logic turns decimal point on). Table lists code font. When no-decode selected, data bits D7-D0 correspond segment lines MAX7219/MAX7221. Table shows one-to-one pairing each data appropriate segment line.
Table Shutdown Register Format (Address (Hex) 0xXC)
REGISTER DATA MODE Shutdown Mode Normal Operation ADDRESS CODE (HEX) 0xXC 0xXC
Table Decode-Mode Register Examples (Address (Hex) 0xX9)
DECODE MODE decode digits Code decode digit decode digits Code decode digits decode digits Code decode digits REGISTER DATA CODE 0x00 0x01 0x0F 0xFF
Serially Interfaced, 8-Digit Display Drivers MAX7219/MAX7221
Table Code Font
7-SEGMENT CHARACTER blank REGISTER DATA D6-D4 SEGMENTS
*The decimal point
Table No-Decode Mode Data Bits Corresponding Segment Lines
Intensity Control Interdigit Blanking
MAX7219/MAX7221 allow display brightness controlled with external resistor (RSET) connected between ISET. peak current sourced from segment drivers nominally times current entering ISET. This resistor either fixed variable allow brightness adjustment from front panel. minimum value should 9.53k, which typically sets segment current 40mA. Display brightness also controlled digitally using intensity register. Digital control display brightness provided internal pulse-width modulator, which controlled lower nibble intensity register. modulator scales average segment current steps from maximum 31/32 down 1/32 peak current RSET (15/16 1/16 MAX7221). Table lists intensity register format. minimum interdigit blanking time 1/32 cycle.
STANDARD 7-SEGMENT
REGISTER DATA Corresponding Segment Line
Serially Interfaced, 8-Digit Display Drivers MAX7219/MAX7221
Table Intensity Register Format (Address (Hex) 0xXA)
DUTY CYCLE MAX7219 1/32 (min 3/32 5/32 7/32 9/32 11/32 13/32 15/32 17/32 19/32 21/32 23/32 25/32 27/32 29/32 31/32 MAX7221 1/16 (min 2/16 3/16 4/16 5/16 6/16 7/16 8/16 9/16 10/16 11/16 12/16 13/16 14/16 15/16 15/16 (max CODE 0xX0 0xX1 0xX2 0xX3 0xX4 0xX5 0xX6 0xX7 0xX8 0xX9 0xXA 0xXB 0xXC 0xXD 0xXE 0xXF
Table Scan-Limit Register Format (Address (Hex) 0xXB)
SCAN LIMIT Display digit only* Display digits Display digits Display digits Display digits Display digits Display digits Display digits REGISTER DATA CODE 0xX0 0xX1 0xX2 0xX3 0xX4 0xX5 0xX6 0xX7
*See Scan-Limit Register section application.
Scan-Limit Register
scan-limit register sets many digits displayed, from They displayed multiplexed manner with typical display scan rate 800Hz with digits displayed. fewer digits displayed, scan rate where number digits
scanned. Since number scanned digits affects display brightness, scan-limit register should used blank portions display (such leading zero suppression). Table lists scan-limit register format.
Serially Interfaced, 8-Digit Display Drivers MAX7219/MAX7221
scan-limit register three digits less, individual digit drivers will dissipate excessive amounts power. Consequently, value RSET resistor must adjusted according number digits displayed, limit individual digit driver power dissipation. Table lists number digits displayed corresponding maximum recommended segment current when digit drivers used. fourth chip, sent desired 16-bit word, followed three no-op codes (hex 0xXX0X, Table When LOAD/CS goes high, data latched devices. first three chips receive no-op commands, fourth receives intended data.
Applications Information
Supply Bypassing Wiring
minimize power-supply ripple peak digit driver currents, connect 10µF electrolytic 0.1µF ceramic capacitor between close device possible. MAX7219/MAX7221 should placed close proximity display, connections should kept short possible minimize effects wiring inductance electromagnetic interference. Also, both pins must connected ground.
Display-Test Register
display-test register operates modes: normal display test. Display-test mode turns LEDs overriding, altering, controls digit registers (including shutdown register). display-test mode, digits scanned duty cycle 31/32 (15/16 MAX7221). Table lists display-test register format.
Table Maximum Segment Current 3-Digit Displays
NUMBER DIGITS DISPLAYED MAXIMUM SEGMENT CURRENT (mA)
Selecting RSET Resistor Using External Drivers
current segment approximately times current ISET. select RSET, Table MAX7219/MAX7221's maximum recommended segment current 40mA. segment current levels above these levels, external digit drivers will needed. this application, MAX7219/MAX7221 serve only controllers other high-current drivers transistors. Therefore, conserve power, RSET when using external current sources segment drivers. example Figure uses MAX7219/MAX7221's segment drivers, MAX394 single-pole double-throw analog switch, external transistors drive 2.3" AND2307SLC common-cathode displays. 5.6V zener diode been added series with decimal point because decimal point forward voltage typically 4.2V. other segments forward voltage typically Since external transistors used sink current (DIG used logic switches), peak segment currents 45mA allowed even though only digits displayed. applications where MAX7219/MAX7221's digit drivers used sink current fewer than four digits displayed, Table specifies maximum allowable segment current. RSET must selected accordingly (Table 11). Refer Power Dissipation section Absolute Maximum Ratings calculate acceptable limits ambient temperature, segment current, forward-voltage drop.
Table Display-Test Register Format (Address (Hex) 0xXF)
MODE Normal Operation Display Test Mode REGISTER DATA
Note: MAX7219/MAX7221 remain display-test mode (all LEDs until display-test register reconfigured normal operation.
No-Op Register
no-op register used when cascading MAX7219s MAX7221s. Connect devices' LOAD/CS inputs together connect DOUT adjacent devices. DOUT CMOS logic-level output that easily drives successively cascaded parts. (Refer Serial Addressing Modes section detailed information serial input/output timing.) example, four MAX7219s cascaded, then write
Serially Interfaced, 8-Digit Display Drivers MAX7219/MAX7221
Table RSET Segment Current Forward Voltage
ISEG (mA) VLED 12.2 17.8 29.8 66.7 11.8 17.1 28.0 63.7 11.0 15.8 25.9 59.3 10.6 15.0 24.5 55.4 9.69 14.0 22.6 51.2 Narrow Wide CERDIP
Table Package Thermal Resistance Data
PACKAGE THERMAL RESISTANCE (JA) +75°C/W +85°C/W +80°C/W
Maximum Junction Temperature (TJ) +150°C Maximum Ambient Temperature (TA) +85°C
Computing Power Dissipation
upper limit power dissipation (PD) MAX7219/MAX7221 determined from following equation: 8mA) VLED)(DUTY ISEG where: supply voltage DUTY duty cycle intensity register number segments driven (worst case VLED forward voltage ISEG segment current RSET Dissipation Example: ISEG 40mA, DUTY 31/32, VLED 1.8V 40mA, 5.25V 5.25V(8mA) (5.25V 1.8V)(31/32 40mA 1.11W Thus, CERDIP package +80°C/W from Table 12), maximum allowed ambient temperature given TJ(MAX) 150°C +1.11W 80°C/W where +61.2°C. limits PDIP Packages dissipation example above +66.7°C +55.6°C, respectively.
Cascading Drivers
example Figure drives digits using 3-wire interface. number digits multiple both drivers' scan limits registers same number display will appear brighter than other. example, digits need, digits display with both scan-limit registers digits that both displays have duty cycle digit. digits needed, both scan-limit registers digits leave digit driver unconnected. display digits other digits, second display will appear brighter because duty cycle digit will while first display's will 1/6. Refer No-Op Register section additional information.
Serially Interfaced, 8-Digit Display Drivers MAX7219/MAX7221
AND2307SLC 1N5524B 5.6V ANODE ANODE ANODE ANODE ANODE ANODE ANODE ANODE CATHODE
AND2307SLC ANODE ANODE ANODE ANODE ANODE ANODE ANODE ANODE CATHODE
ISFT COM1 IRF540 4.7k
MAX7219 MAX7221
0.1µF
4.7k
DATA LOAD (CS) CLOCK
LOAD (CS)
MAX394 COM2
*4.7k PULLUP REQUIRED MAX7221 MAX7221 ONLY
IRF540
Figure MAX7219/MAX7221 Driving 2.3in Displays
Serially Interfaced, 8-Digit Display Drivers MAX7219/MAX7221
DATA LOAD (CS) LOAD DATA CLOCK DOUT ISET
0.1µF 9.53k DOUT ISET
0.1µF 9.53k
MAX7219 MAX7221
LOAD (CS)
MAX7219 MAX7221
MAX7221 ONLY
Figure Cascading MAX7219/MAX7221s Drive Seven-Segment Digits
Serially Interfaced, 8-Digit Display Drivers MAX7219/MAX7221
Ordering Information (continued)
PART MAX7221CNG MAX7221CWG MAX7221C/D MAX7221ENG MAX7221EWG MAX7221ERG TEMP RANGE +70°C +70°C +70°C -40°C +85°C -40°C +85°C -40°C +85°C PIN-PACKAGE Narrow Plastic Wide Dice* Narrow Plastic Wide Narrow CERDIP
LOAD
Chip Topography
*Dice specified +25°C.
DOUT 0.093" (2.36mm)
ISET 0.080" (2.03mm)
TRANSISTOR COUNT: 5267 SUBSTRATE CONNECTED
Serially Interfaced, 8-Digit Display Drivers
Package Information
(The package drawing(s) this data sheet reflect most current specifications. latest package outline information www.maxim-ic.com/packages.)
SOICW.EPS
MAX7219/MAX7221
INCHES
MILLIMETERS 2.35 0.10 0.35 0.23 2.65 0.30 0.49 0.32
0.104 0.093 0.012 0.004 0.019 0.014 0.013 0.009 0.050 0.299 0.291 0.394 0.419 0.050 0.016
1.27 7.40 7.60 10.00 10.65 0.40 1.27
VARIATIONS:
INCHES
MILLIMETERS 10.10 11.35 12.60 15.20 17.70 10.50 11.75 13.00 15.60 18.10 MS013
VIEW
0.398 0.447 0.496 0.598 0.697
0.413 0.463 0.512 0.614 0.713
FRONT VIEW
SIDE VIEW
PROPRIETARY INFORMATION TITLE:
PACKAGE OUTLINE, .300" SOIC
APPROVAL DOCUMENT CONTROL REV.
21-0042
Serially Interfaced, 8-Digit Display Drivers MAX7219/MAX7221
Package Information (continued)
(The package drawing(s) this data sheet reflect most current specifications. latest package outline information www.maxim-ic.com/packages.)
MAX7219/MAX7221
Maxim cannot assume responsibility circuitry other than circuitry entirely embodied Maxim product. circuit patent licenses implied. Maxim reserves right change circuitry specifications without notice time.
_Maxim Integrated Products, Gabriel Drive, Sunnyvale, 94086 (408) 737-7600 2003 Maxim Integrated Products Printed registered trademark Maxim Integrated Products.
PDIPN.EPS

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