MAX544/MAX545 MAX545 MAX400 MAX544 MAX541/MAX542 MAX544ACPA MAX544BCPA - Datasheet Archive

 

+5V, Serial-Input, Voltage-Output, 14-Bit DACs _Features The MAX544/MAX545 are serial-input, voltage-output, 14-bit

 

19-1088; Rev 2; 9/96 +5V, Serial-Input, Voltage-Output, 14-Bit DACs _Features The MAX544/MAX545 MAX544/MAX545 are serial-input, voltage-output, 14-bit digital-to-analog converters (DACs) that operate from a single +5V supply. They provide 14-bit performance (±0.5LSB INL and ±0.9LSB DNL) over temperature without any adjustments. The DAC output is unbuffered, resulting in a low supply current of 0.3mA and a low offset error of 0.6mV. The DAC output range is 0V to VREF. For bipolar operation, matched scaling resistors are provided in the MAX545 MAX545 for use with an external precision op amp (such as the MAX400 MAX400) generating a ±V REF output swing. The MAX545 MAX545 also includes Kelvin-sense connections for the reference and analog ground pins to reduce layout sensitivity. o Full 14-Bit Performance Without Adjustments A 16-bit serial word is used to load data into the DAC latch. The 6.25MHz, 3-wire serial interface is compatible with SPITM/QSPITM/MicrowireTM, and it also interfaces directly with optocouplers for applications requiring isolation. A power-on reset circuit clears the DAC output to 0V (unipolar mode) when power is initially applied. The MAX544 MAX544 is available in 8-pin plastic DIP and SO packages. The MAX545 MAX545 is available in 14-pin plastic DIP and SO packages. o Pin-Compatible 16-Bit Upgrades: MAX541/MAX542 MAX541/MAX542 o +5V Single-Supply Operation o Low Power: 1.5mW o 1µs Settling Time o Unbuffered Voltage Output Directly Drives 60k Loads o SPI/QSPI/Microwire-Compatible Serial Interface o Power-On Reset Circuit Clears DAC Output to 0V (unipolar mode) o Schmitt-Trigger Inputs for Direct Optocoupler Interface _Ordering Information INL (LSB) TEMP. RANGE MAX544ACPA MAX544ACPA 0°C to +70°C 8 Plastic DIP MAX544BCPA MAX544BCPA 0°C to +70°C 8 Plastic DIP MAX544ACSA MAX544ACSA 0°C to +70°C 8 SO ±1/2 MAX544BCSA MAX544BCSA _Applications PART 0°C to +70°C 8 SO ±1 PIN-PACKAGE ±1/2 ±1 Digital Offset and Gain Adjustment Instrumentation Ordering Information continued at end of data sheet. Industrial Process Control Automated Test Equipment Data-Acquisition Systems _Functional Diagrams _Pin Configurations VDD TOP VIEW MAX545 MAX545 RFB RFB INV OUT 1 AGND 2 REF 3 CS 4 8 VDD MAX544 MAX544 7 DGND RFB 1 14 VDD OUT 2 13 INV AGNDF 3 6 DIN 5 SCLK AGNDS 4 MAX545 MAX545 RINV 14-BIT 14-BIT DAC 11 LDAC 10 DIN REFF 6 9 N.C. 8 OUT REFS AGNDF 12 DGND REFS 5 CS 7 REFF CS LDAC SCLK DIN DATA LATCH AGNDS CONTROL LOGIC SERIAL INPUT REGISTER SCLK DGND DIP/SO Functional Diagrams continued at end of data sheet. SPI and QSPI are trademarks of Motorola, Inc. Microwire is a trademark of National Semiconductor Corp. _ Maxim Integrated Products 1 For free samples & the latest literature: http://www.maxim-ic.com, or phone 1-800-998-8800 MAX544/MAX545 MAX544/MAX545 _General Description MAX544/MAX545 MAX544/MAX545 +5V, Serial-Input, Voltage-Output, 14-Bit DACs ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS VDD to DGND .-0.3V to +6V CS, SCLK, DIN, LDAC to DGND .-0.3V to +6V REF, REFF, REFS to AGND_ .-0.3V to (VDD + 0.3V) AGND, AGNDF, AGNDS to DGND .-0.3V to +0.3V OUT, INV to AGND_, DGND .-0.3V to VDD RFB to AGND_, DGND .-6V to +6V Maximum Current into Any Pin.50mA Continuous Power Dissipation (TA = +70°C) 8-Pin Plastic DIP (derate 9.09mW/°C above +70°C) .727mW 8-Pin SO (derate 5.88mW/°C above +70°C) .471mW 14-Pin Plastic DIP (derate 10.00mW/°C above +70°C) .800mW 14-Pin SO (derate 8.33mW/°C above +70°C) .667mW 14-Pin Ceramic SB (derate 10.00mW/°C above +70°C.800mW Operating Temperature Ranges MAX544 MAX544 _C_ A/MAX545_C_D .0°C to +70°C MAX544 MAX544 _E_ A/MAX545_E_D.-40°C to +85°C MAX545BMJD MAX545BMJD .-55°C to +125°C Storage Temperature Range .-65°C to +150°C Lead Temperature (soldering, 10sec) .+300°C Stresses beyond those listed under "Absolute Maximum Ratings" may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (VDD = +5V ± 5%, VREF_ = 2.5V, AGND_ = DGND = 0V, TA = TMIN to TMAX, unless otherwise noted.) PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX MAX54 MAX54_A ±0.15 ±0.5 MAX54 MAX54_B ±0.15 ±1 UNITS STATIC PERFORMANCE-ANALOG SECTION (RL = ) Resolution N 14 Integral Nonlinearity INL VDD = 5V Differential Nonlinearity DNL Guaranteed monotonic Zero-Code Offset Error ZSE Zero-Code Tempco ZSTC Bits ±0.15 ±0.05 Gain Error (Note 1) ROUT LSB Bipolar Zero Offset Error RFB/RINV ppm/°C 6.25 (Note 2) MAX545 MAX545 k 1.0 MAX545 MAX545 BZSTC ±0.03 MAX545 MAX545 LSB ±0.5 PSR 4.75V VDD 5.25V REFERENCE INPUT Reference Input Range VREF (Note 3) 2.0 Unipolar mode 11.5 MAX545 MAX545, bipolar mode 9.0 RREF % ±10 Ratio error Power-Supply Rejection Reference Input Resistance (Note 4) mV ±0.1 Bipolar Resistor Matching Bipolar Zero Tempco LSB ppm/°C ±5 Gain-Error Tempco DAC Output Resistance ±0.9 ±0.6 LSB ppm/°C ±1.0 LSB 3.0 V k DYNAMIC PERFORMANCE-ANALOG SECTION (RL = , unipolar mode) Voltage-Output Slew Rate 25 V/µs to ± /2LSB of FS, CL = 10pF 1 µs DAC Glitch Impulse Major-carry transition 10 nV-s Digital Feedthrough Code = 0000hex; CS = VDD; LDAC = 0V; SCLK, DIN = 0V to VDD levels 10 nV-s Output Settling Time 2 SR CL = 10pF (Note 5) 1 _ +5V, Serial-Input, Voltage-Output, 14-Bit DACs MAX544/MAX545 MAX544/MAX545 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued) (VDD = +5V ± 5%, VREF_ = 2.5V, AGND_ = DGND = 0V, TA = TMIN to TMAX, unless otherwise noted.) PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS DYNAMIC PERFORMANCE-REFERENCE SECTION Reference -3dB Bandwidth BW Signal-to-Noise Ratio CIN 1 MHz 1 mVp-p 83 dB SNR Reference Input Capacitance Code = FFFC hex Code = 0000 hex, VREF = 1Vp-p at 100kHz Reference Feedthrough Code = 0000 hex 75 Code = FFFC hex 120 pF STATIC PERFORMANCE-DIGITAL INPUTS Input High Voltage VIH Input Low Voltage VIL 2.4 Input Current IIN VIN = 0V Input Capacitance CIN (Note 6) Hysteresis Voltage VH V 0.8 V ±1 µA 10 pF 0.40 V POWER SUPPLY Positive Supply Range VDD Positive Supply Current IDD 4.75 0.3 5.25 Power Dissipation PD V 1.1 mA 1.5 mW TIMING CHARACTERISTICS (VDD = +5V ± 5%, VREF_ = 2.5V, AGND_ = DGND = 0V, CMOS inputs, TA = TMIN to TMAX, unless otherwise noted.) PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS 6.25 MHz SCLK Frequency fCLK SCLK Pulse Width High tCH 80 ns SCLK Pulse Width Low tCL 80 ns CS Low to SCLK High Setup tCSS0 50 ns CS High to SCLK High Setup tCSS1 50 ns SCLK High to CS Low Hold tCSH0 30 ns SCLK High to CS High Hold tCSH1 80 ns tDS 40 ns DIN to SCLK High Setup DIN to SCLK High Hold (Note 6) 0 ns LDAC Pulse Width tLDAC MAX545 MAX545 50 ns CS High to LDAC Low Setup tLDACS MAX545 MAX545 (Note 6) 50 ns VDD High to CS Low (power-up delay) Note 1: Note 2: Note 3: Note 4: Note 5: Note 6: tDH 20 µs Gain Error tested at VREF = 2.0V, 2.5V, and 3.0V. ROUT tolerance is typically ±20%. Min/max range guaranteed by gain-error test. Operation outside min/max limits will result in degraded performance. Reference input resistance is code dependent, minimum at 8554 hex. Slew-rate value is measured from 0% to 63%. Guaranteed by design. Not production tested. _ 3 _Typical Operating Characteristics (VDD = 5V, VREF_ = 2.5V, TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) SUPPLY CURRENT vs. REFERENCE VOLTAGE 0.40 0.35 0.30 0.33 0.25 0.32 0.31 0.30 0.29 0.28 0.27 0.26 0.25 0.20 0 20 40 60 80 2 3 4 5 0.20 0.10 DNL (LSB) +INL 0 -INL +DNL 0 -DNL 100 -20 20 60 100 0.125 DNL (LSB) 10k DAC CODE 15k 20k 20k 0 -0.05 -0.10 -60 -20 20 60 REFERENCE CURRENT vs. CODE 0 -0.250 5k 16k 0.05 TEMPERATURE (°C) MAX544/MAX545-08 MAX544/MAX545-08 0.250 MAX544/MAX545-07 MAX544/MAX545-07 -0.250 140 0.10 140 -0.125 -0.125 100 0.15 DIFFERENTIAL NONLINEARITY vs. CODE 0 140 200 MAX544/MAX545-09 MAX544/MAX545-09 INTEGRAL NONLINEARITY vs. CODE 0.125 100 0.20 TEMPERATURE (°C) 0.250 60 -0.20 -60 140 20 -0.15 TEMPERATURE (°C) 0 -20 GAIN ERROR vs. TEMPERATURE -0.30 60 -0.15 -60 -0.20 -0.30 20 -0.10 TEMPERATURE (°C) -0.10 -0.10 -20 -0.05 6 MAX544/MAX545-05 MAX544/MAX545-05 0.20 INL (LSB) 1 0.30 MAX544/MAX545-04 MAX544/MAX545-04 0.30 -60 0 DIFFERENTIAL NONLINEARITY vs. TEMPERATURE INTEGRAL NONLINEARITY vs. TEMPERATURE -0.20 0.05 REFERENCE VOLTAGE (V) TEMPERATURE (°C) 0.10 0.10 -0.20 0 100 0.15 MAX544/MAX545-06 MAX544/MAX545-06 -20 GAIN ERROR (LSB) -40 4 0.20 MAX544/MAX545-03 MAX544/MAX545-03 MAX544/MAX545-02 MAX544/MAX545-02 0.34 REFERENCE CURRENT (µA) SUPPLY CURRENT (mA) 0.45 0.35 SUPPLY CURRENT (mA) MAX544/MAX545-01 MAX544/MAX545-01 0.50 ZERO-CODE OFFSET ERROR vs. TEMPERATURE ZERO-CODE OFFSET ERROR (LSB) SUPPLY CURRENT vs. TEMPERATURE INL (LSB) MAX544/MAX545 MAX544/MAX545 +5V, Serial-Input, Voltage-Output, 14-Bit DACs 160 120 80 40 0 0 5k 10k DAC CODE 15k 20k 0 4k 8k 12k DAC CODE _ +5V, Serial-Input, Voltage-Output, 14-Bit DACs FULL-SCALE STEP RESPONSE MAJOR-CARRY OUTPUT GLITCH OUT (500mV/div) 0V RL = , CL = 10pF 2µs/div CS (5V/div) OUT (AC COUPLED, 100mV/div) MAX544/MAX545-10 MAX544/MAX545-10 2µs/div MAX544/MAX545-11 MAX544/MAX545-11 DIGITAL FEEDTHROUGH SCLK 5V/div OUT (AC COUPLED, 50mV/div) CODE = 0000 hex 2µs/div MAX544/MAX545-12 MAX544/MAX545-12 _Pin Descriptions MAX544 MAX544 PIN NAME FUNCTION 1 OUT 2 AGND DAC Output Voltage 3 REF Voltage Reference Input. Connect to external +2.5V reference. 4 CS Chip-Select Input 5 SCLK 6 DIN 7 DGND 8 VDD Analog Ground Serial-Clock Input. Duty cycle must be between 40% and 60%. Serial-Data Input Digital Ground +5V Supply Voltage _ 5 MAX544/MAX545 MAX544/MAX545 _Typical Operating Characteristics (continued) (VDD = 5V, VREF_ = 2.5V, TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) MAX544/MAX545 MAX544/MAX545 +5V, Serial-Input, Voltage-Output, 14-Bit DACs _Pin Descriptions (continued) MAX545 MAX545 PIN NAME 1 RFB Feedback Resistor. Connect to external op amp's output in bipolar mode. FUNCTION 2 OUT DAC Output Voltage 3 AGNDF Analog Ground (force) 4 AGNDS Analog Ground (sense) 5 REFS Voltage Reference Input (sense). Connect REFS to external 2.5V reference. 6 REFF Voltage Reference Input (force). Connect REFF to external 2.5V reference. 7 CS 8 SCLK Serial-Clock Input. Duty cycle must be between 40% and 60%. 9 N.C. No Connection. Not internally connected. 10 DIN Serial-Data Input 11 LDAC LDAC Input. A falling edge updates the internal DAC latch. 12 DGND Digital Ground 13 INV Junction of internal scaling resistors. Connect to external op amp's inverting input in bipolar mode. 14 VDD +5V Supply Voltage Chip-Select Input tCSH1 tLDACS CS tCSHO tCSSO tCH tCSS1 tCL SCLK tDH tDS DIN D13 D12 S0 LDAC* tLDAC *MAX545 MAX545 ONLY Figure 1. Timing Diagram 6 _ +5V, Serial-Input, Voltage-Output, 14-Bit DACs +2.5V MAX544/MAX545 MAX544/MAX545 +5V 10µF 0.1µF 0.1µF MC68XXXX MC68XXXX VDD REF(REFF) (REFS) MAX495 MAX495 PCS0 CS MOSI DIN SCLK UNIPOLAR OUT SCLK (LDAC) (GND) OUT MAX544/MAX545 MAX544/MAX545 EXTERNAL OP AMP AGND_ DGND ( ) ARE FOR MAX545 MAX545 ONLY Figure 2a. Typical Operating Circuit-Unipolar Output +5V +2.5V 10µF 0.1µF 0.1µF +5V MC68XXXX MC68XXXX VDD PCS0 SCLK IC1 RINV DIN SCLK RFB REFS CS MOSI REFF LDAC RFB INV MAX400 MAX400 BIPOLAR OUT OUT MAX545 MAX545 -5V EXTERNAL OP AMP (GND) DGND AGNDF AGNDS Figure 2b. Typical Operating Circuit-Bipolar Output _Detailed Description The MAX544/MAX545 MAX544/MAX545 voltage-output, 14-bit digital-toanalog converters (DACs) offer full 14-bit performance with less than 0.5LSB integral linearity error and less than 0.9LSB differential linearity error, thus ensuring monotonic performance. Serial-data transfer minimizes the number of package pins required. The MAX544/MAX545 MAX544/MAX545 are composed of two matched DAC sections, with an inverted R-2R DAC forming the LSBs and the 4MSBs derived from 15 identically matched resistors. This architecture allows the lowest glitch energy to be transferred to the DAC output on major-carry transitions. It also lowers the DAC output impedance by a factor of eight compared to a standard R-2R ladder, allowing unbuffered operation in mediumload applications. The MAX545 MAX545 provides matched bipolar offset resistors, which connect to an external op amp for bipolar output swings (Figure 2b). For optimum performance, the MAX545 MAX545 also provides a set of Kelvin connections to the voltage-reference and analog-ground inputs. _ 7 MAX544/MAX545 MAX544/MAX545 +5V, Serial-Input, Voltage-Output, 14-Bit DACs Digital Interface External Reference The MAX544/MAX545 MAX544/MAX545's digital interface is a standard 3-wire connection compatible with SPITM/QSPITM/ MicrowireTM interfaces. The chip-select input (CS) frames the serial data loading at the data-input pin (DIN). Immediately following CS's high-to-low transition, the data is shifted synchronously and latched into the input register on the rising edge of the serial clock input (SCLK). After 16 bits (14 data bits, plus two sub-bits set to zero) have been loaded into the serial input register, it transfers its contents to the DAC latch on CS's low-tohigh transition (Figure 3a). Note that if CS is not kept low during the entire 16 SCLK cycles, data will be corrupted. In this case, reload the DAC latch with a new 16-bit word. Alternatively, for the MAX545 MAX545, LDAC allows the DAC latch to update asynchronously by pulling LDAC low after CS goes high (Figure 3b). Hold LDAC high during the data-loading sequence. The MAX544/MAX545 MAX544/MAX545 operate with external voltage references from 2V to 3V. The reference voltage determines the DAC's full-scale output voltage. Kelvin connections are provided with the MAX545 MAX545 for optimum performance. The 2.5V MAX873A MAX873A, with ±15mV initial accuracy and a 7ppm/°C (max) temperature coefficient, is a good choice. Power-On Reset The MAX544/MAX545 MAX544/MAX545 have a power-on reset circuit to set the DAC's output to 0V in unipolar mode when VDD is first applied. This ensures that unwanted DAC output voltages will not occur immediately following a system power-up, such as after a loss of power. In bipolar mode, the DAC output is set to -VREF. CS DAC UPDATED SCLK SUB-BITS DIN D13 D12 D11 D10 D9 D8 D7 D6 MSB D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 S1 S0 LSB Figure 3a. MAX544/MAX545 MAX544/MAX545 3-Wire Interface Timing Diagram (LDAC = DGND for MAX545 MAX545) CS SCLK SUB-BITS DIN D13 D12 D11 D10 D9 D8 D7 D6 MSB D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 S1 S0 LSB LDAC DAC UPDATED Figure 3b. MAX545 MAX545 4-Wire Interface Timing Diagram 8 _ +5V, Serial-Input, Voltage-Output, 14-Bit DACs Reference and Analog Ground Inputs The MAX544/MAX545 MAX544/MAX545 operate with external voltage references from 2V to 3V, and maintain 14-bit performance if certain guidelines are followed when selecting and applying the reference. Ideally, the reference's temperature coefficient should be less than 1.5ppm/°C to maintain 14-bit accuracy to within 1LSB over the 0°C to +70°C commercial temperature range. Since this converter is designed as an inverted R-2R voltage-mode DAC, the input resistance seen by the voltage reference is code dependent. The worst-case input-resistance variation is from 11.5k (at code 8554 hex) to 200k (at code 0000 hex). The maximum change in load current for a 2.5V reference is 2.5V / 11.5k = 217µA; therefore, the required load regulation is 28ppm/mA for a maximum error of 0.1LSB. This implies a reference output impedance of less than 71m. In addition, the signal-path impedance from the voltage reference to the reference input must be kept low because it contributes directly to the load-regulation error. The requirement for a low-impedance voltage reference is met with capacitor bypassing at the reference inputs and ground. A 0.1µF ceramic capacitor with short leads between REFF and AGNDF (MAX545 MAX545), or REF and AGND (MAX544 MAX544), provides high-frequency bypassing. A surface-mount ceramic chip capacitor is preferred because it has the lowest inductance. An additional 10µF between REFF and AGNDF (MAX545 MAX545), or REF and AGND (MAX544 MAX544), provides low-frequency bypassing. A low-ESR tantalum, film, or organic semiconductor capacitor works well. Leaded capacitors are acceptable because impedance is not as critical at lower frequencies. The circuit can benefit from even larger bypassing capacitors, depending on the stability of the external reference with capacitive loading. If separate force and sense lines are not used, tie the appropriate force and sense pins together close to the package. AGND must also be low impedance, as load-regulation errors will be introduced by excessive AGND resistance. As in all high-resolution, high-accuracy applications, separate analog and digital ground planes yield the best results. Tie DGND to AGND at the AGND pin to form the "star" ground for the DAC system. Always refer remote DAC loads to this system ground for the best possible performance. Unbuffered Operation Unbuffered operation reduces power consumption as well as offset error contributed by the external output buffer. The R-2R DAC output is available directly at OUT, allowing 14-bit performance from +VREF to AGND without degradation at zero-scale. The DAC's output impedance is also low enough to drive medium loads (RL > 60k) without degradation of INL or DNL; only the gain error is increased by externally loading the DAC output. External Output Buffer Amplifier The requirements on the external output buffer amplifier change whether the DAC is used in unipolar or bipolar operational mode. In unipolar mode, the output amplifier is used in a voltage-follower connection. In bipolar mode (MAX545 MAX545 only), the amplifier operates with the internal scaling resistors (Figure 2b). In each mode, the DAC's output resistance is constant and is independent of input code; however, the output amplifier's input impedance should still be as high as possible to minimize gain errors. The DAC's output capacitance is also independent of input code, thus simplifying stability requirements on the external amplifier. In bipolar mode, a precision amplifier operating with dual power supplies (such as the MAX400 MAX400) provides the ±VREF output range. In single-supply applications, precision amplifiers with input common-mode ranges including AGND are available; however, their output swings do not normally include the negative rail (AGND) without significant degradation of performance. A single-supply op amp, such as the MAX495 MAX495, is suitable if the application does not use codes near zero. Since the LSBs for a 14-bit DAC are extremely small (152.6µV for VREF = 2.5V), pay close attention to the external amplifier's input specification. The input offset voltage can degrade the zero-scale error and might require an output offset trim to maintain full accuracy if the offset voltage is greater than 1/2LSB. Similarly, the input bias current multiplied by the DAC output resistance (typically 6.25k) contributes to zero-scale error. Temperature effects also must be taken into consideration. Over the 0°C to +70°C commercial temperature range, the offset voltage temperature coefficient (referenced to +25°C) must be less than 1.7µV/°C to add less than 1/2LSB of zero-scale error. The external _ 9 MAX544/MAX545 MAX544/MAX545 _Applications Information MAX544/MAX545 MAX544/MAX545 +5V, Serial-Input, Voltage-Output, 14-Bit DACs amplifier's input resistance forms a resistive divider with the DAC output resistance, which results in a gain error. To contribute less than 1/2LSB of gain error, the input resistance typically must be greater than: 6.25k ÷ 1 1 = 205M. 2 214 The settling time is affected by the buffer input capacitance, the DAC's output capacitance, and PC board capacitance. The typical DAC output voltage settling time is 1µs for a full-scale step. Settling time can be significantly less for smaller step changes. Assuming a single time-constant exponential settling response, a full-scale step takes 10.4 time constants to settle to within 1/2LSB of the final output voltage. The time constant is equal to the DAC output resistance multiplied by the total output capacitance. The DAC output capacitance is typically 10pF. Any additional output capacitance increases the settling time. The external buffer amplifier's gain-bandwidth product is important because it increases the settling time by adding another time constant to the output response. The effective time constant of two cascaded systems, each with a single time-constant response, is approximately the root square sum of the two time constants. The DAC output's time constant is 1µs / 10.4 = 96ns, ignoring the effect of additional capacitance. If the time constant of an external amplifier with 1MHz bandwidth is 1 / 2 (1MHz) = 159ns, then the effective time constant of the combined system is: 96ns 2 + 159ns 2 = 186ns ) ( ) ( This suggests that the settling time to within 1/2LSB of the final output voltage, including the external buffer amplifier, will be approximately 10.4 x 186ns = 1.93µs. Digital Inputs and Interface Logic The digital interface for the 14-bit DAC is based on a 3-wire standard that is compatible with SPI, QSPI, and Microwire interfaces. The three digital inputs (CS, DIN, and SCLK) load the digital input data serially into the DAC. LDAC (MAX545 MAX545) updates the DAC output asynchronously. All of the digital inputs include Schmitt-trigger buffers to accept slow-transition interfaces. This means that optocouplers can interface directly to the MAX544/MAX545 MAX544/MAX545 without additional external logic. The digital inputs are compatible with TTL/CMOS-logic levels. Unipolar Configuration Figure 2a shows the MAX544/MAX545 MAX544/MAX545 configured for unipolar operation with an external op amp. The op amp is set for unity gain, and Table 1 shows the codes for this circuit. Bipolar Configuration Figure 2b shows the MAX545 MAX545 configured for bipolar operation with an external op amp. The op amp is set for unity gain with an offset of -1/2VREF. Table 2 shows the offset binary codes for this circuit. Power-Supply Bypassing and Ground Management For optimum system performance, use printed circuit boards with separate analog and digital ground planes. Wire-wrap boards are not recommended. Connect the two ground planes together at the low-impedance power-supply source. Connect DGND and AGND together at the IC. The best ground connection can be achieved by connecting the DAC's DGND and AGND pins together and connecting that point to the system analog ground plane. If the DAC's DGND is connected to the system digital ground, digital noise may get through to the DAC's analog portion. Bypass VDD with a 0.1µF ceramic capacitor connected between V DD and AGND. Mount it with short leads close to the device. Ferrite beads can also be used to further isolate the analog and digital power supplies. Table 1. Unipolar Code Table DAC LATCH CONTENTS MSB ANALOG OUTPUT, VOUT LSB 1111 1111 1111 11(00) VREF x (16,383 / 16,384) 1000 0000 0000 00(00) VREF x (8192 / 16,384) = 1/2VREF 0000 0000 0000 01(00) VREF x (1 / 16,384) 0000 0000 0000 00(00) 0V Table 2. Bipolar Code Table DAC LATCH CONTENTS MSB ANALOG OUTPUT, VOUT LSB 1111 1111 1111 11(00) +VREF x (8191 / 8192) 1000 0000 0000 01(00) +VREF x (1 / 8192) 1000 0000 0000 00(00) 0V 0111 1111 1111 11(00) -VREF x (1 / 8192) 0000 0000 0000 00(00) -VREF x (8192 / 8192) = -VREF ( ) = Sub-bits 10 _ +5V, Serial-Input, Voltage-Output, 14-Bit DACs PIN-PACKAGE _Functional Diagrams (continued) INL (LSB) PART TEMP. RANGE MAX544AEPA MAX544AEPA -40°C to +85°C 8 Plastic DIP MAX544BEPA MAX544BEPA -40°C to +85°C 8 Plastic DIP MAX544AESA MAX544AESA -40°C to +85°C 8 SO ±1/2 MAX544BESA MAX544BESA -40°C to +85°C 8 SO ±1 MAX545ACPD MAX545ACPD 0°C to +70°C 14 Plastic DIP ±1/2 MAX545BCPD MAX545BCPD 0°C to +70°C 14 Plastic DIP ±1 MAX545ACSD MAX545ACSD 0°C to +70°C 14 SO ±1/2 MAX545BCSD MAX545BCSD 0°C to +70°C 14 SO ±1 MAX545AEPD MAX545AEPD -40°C to +85°C 14 Plastic DIP ±1/2 MAX545BEPD MAX545BEPD -40°C to +85°C 14 Plastic DIP ±1 MAX545AESD MAX545AESD -40°C to +85°C 14 SO ±1/2 MAX545BESD MAX545BESD -40°C to +85°C 14 SO ±1 MAX545BMJD MAX545BMJD -55°C to +125°C 14 Ceramic SB* ±1 VDD ±1/2 ±1 MAX544 MAX544 REF 14-BIT 14-BIT DAC CS DIN SCLK DATA LATCH OUT AGND CONTROL LOGIC SERIAL INPUT REGISTER DGND *Contact factory for availability. _Chip Information TRANSISTOR COUNT: 2209 _ 11 MAX544/MAX545 MAX544/MAX545 _Ordering Information (continued) MAX544/MAX545 MAX544/MAX545 +5V, Serial-Input, Voltage-Output, 14-Bit DACs _Package Information DIM A A1 B C E e H L D 0°-8° A 0.101mm 0.004in. e B A1 C E L Narrow SO SMALL-OUTLINE PACKAGE (0.150 in.) H DIM PINS D D D DIM E1 A A1 A2 A3 B B1 C D1 E E1 e eA eB L A3 A A2 L A1 0° - 15° C e B1 B eA eB D1 Plastic DIP PLASTIC DUAL-IN-LINE PACKAGE (0.300 in.) 8 14 16 MILLIMETERS MIN MAX 1.35 1.75 0.10 0.25 0.35 0.49 0.19 0.25 3.80 4.00 1.27 5.80 6.20 0.40 1.27 INCHES MILLIMETERS MIN MAX MIN MAX 0.189 0.197 4.80 5.00 0.337 0.344 8.55 8.75 0.386 0.394 9.80 10.00 21-0041A E D INCHES MAX MIN 0.069 0.053 0.010 0.004 0.019 0.014 0.010 0.007 0.157 0.150 0.050 0.244 0.228 0.050 0.016 INCHES MAX MIN 0.200 ­ ­ 0.015 0.175 0.125 0.080 0.055 0.022 0.016 0.065 0.045 0.012 0.008 0.080 0.005 0.325 0.300 0.310 0.240 ­ 0.100 ­ 0.300 0.400 ­ 0.150 0.115 PKG. DIM PINS P P P P P N D D D D D D 8 14 16 18 20 24 INCHES MIN MAX 0.348 0.390 0.735 0.765 0.745 0.765 0.885 0.915 1.015 1.045 1.14 1.265 MILLIMETERS MIN MAX ­ 5.08 0.38 ­ 3.18 4.45 1.40 2.03 0.41 0.56 1.14 1.65 0.20 0.30 0.13 2.03 7.62 8.26 6.10 7.87 2.54 ­ 7.62 ­ ­ 10.16 2.92 3.81 MILLIMETERS MIN MAX 8.84 9.91 18.67 19.43 18.92 19.43 22.48 23.24 25.78 26.54 28.96 32.13 21-0043A Maxim cannot assume responsibility for use of any circuitry other than circuitry entirely embodied in a Maxim product. No circuit patent licenses are implied. Maxim reserves the right to change the circuitry and specifications without notice at any time. 12 _Maxim Integrated Products, 120 San Gabriel Drive, Sunnyvale, CA 94086 (408) 737-7600 © 1996 Maxim Integrated Products Printed USA is a registered trademark of Maxim Integrated Products.