LTC4012/ LTC4012-1/LTC4012-2 LTC4012 LTC4012-1 LTC4012-2 LTC4009 20-LEAD

LTC4012-1/LTC4012-2 High Efficiency, Multi-Chemistry Battery Charger with PowerPath Control Description Features General Purpose

LTC4012/ LTC4012/ LTC4012-1/LTC4012-2 LTC4012-1/LTC4012-2 High Efficiency, Multi-Chemistry Battery Charger with PowerPath Control Description Features General Purpose Battery Charger Controller Efficient 550kHz Synchronous Buck PWM Topology ±0.5% Output Float Voltage Accuracy Programmable Charge Current: 4% Accuracy Programmable AC Adapter Current Limit: 3% Accuracy No Audible Noise with Ceramic Capacitors n INFET Low Loss Ideal Diode PowerPathTM Control n Wide Input Voltage Range: 6V to 28V n Wide Output Voltage Range: 2V to 28V n Indicator Outputs for AC Adapter Present, Charging, C/10 Current Detection and Input Current Limiting n Analog Charge Current Monitor n Micropower Shutdown n 20-Pin 4mm × 4mm × 0.75mm QFN Package n n n n n n Applications Notebook Computers Portable Instruments n Battery Backup Systems n n L, LT, LTC, LTM, Linear Technology and the Linear logo are registered trademarks and PowerPath and ThinSOT are trademarks of Linear Technology Corporation. All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners. Protected by U.S. Patents including 5723970. The LTC4012 LTC4012 is a constant-current /constant-voltage battery charger controller. It uses a synchronous quasi-constant frequency PWM control architecture that will not generate audible noise with ceramic bulk capacitors. Charge current is set by external resistors and can be monitored as an output voltage. With no built-in termination, the LTC4012 LTC4012 family charges a wide range of batteries under external control. The LTC4012 LTC4012 features fully adjustable output voltage, while the LTC4012-1 LTC4012-1 and LTC4012-2 LTC4012-2 can be pin-programmed for Lithium-Ion/Polymer battery packs of 1-, 2-, 3- or 4-series cells. The LTC4012-1 LTC4012-1 provides output voltage of 4.1V/cell and the LTC4012-2 LTC4012-2 is a 4.2V/cell version. The device includes AC adapter input current limiting, which maximizes charge rate for a fixed input power level. An external sense resistor programs the input current limit, and the ICL status pin indicates reduced charge current as a result of AC adapter current limiting. Ideal diode control at the adaptor input improves charger efficiency. The CHRG status pin is active during all charging modes, including special indication for low charge current. Typical Application FROM ADAPTER 13V TO 28V 25m 0.1µF CLP CLN BOOST 0.1µF CHRG ICL TO/FROM MCU SW INTVDD BGATE SHDN ITH 6.04k GND CSP LTC4012 LTC4012 0.1µF CSN PROG 26.7k 4.7nF BAT FBDIV 10000 EFFICIENCY 95 0.1µF TGATE ACP 100 EFFICIENCY (%) DCIN 5.1k Efficiency at DCIN = 20V POWER TO SYSTEM 2µF 6.8µH 90 POWER LOSS 85 80 VOUT = 12.3V RSENSE = 33m RIN = 3.01k RPROG = 26.7k 75 3.01k 70 33m 3.01k 1000 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 CHARGE CURRENT (A) 2.5 3 POWER LOSS (mW) INFET 20µF 100 PIN NAME 301k VFB 32.8k 20µF + PART INFET DCDIV LTC4009 LTC4009 X LTC4012 LTC4012 X 12.3V Li-Ion BATTERY 4012 TA02 4012 TA01 4012fa LTC4012/ LTC4012/ LTC4012-1/LTC4012-2 LTC4012-1/LTC4012-2 Absolute Maximum Ratings (Note 1) DCIN.14V to 30V DCIN to CLP. 32V to 20V CLP, CLN or SW to GND. 0.3V to 30V . CLP to CLN.±0.3V CSP, CSN or BAT to GND. 0.3V to 28V CSP to CSN.±0.3V BOOST to GND. 0.3V to 36V BOOST to SW. 0.3V to 7V SHDN, FVS0, FVS1 or VFB to GND. 0.3V to 7V ACP, CHRG or ICL to GND. 0.3V to 30V Operating Temperature Range (Note 2). 40°C to 125°C Junction Temperature (Note 3). 125°C Storage Temperature Range. 65°C to 150°C Pin Configuration LTC4012-1 LTC4012-1 LTC4012-2 LTC4012-2 20 19 18 17 16 BGATE INTVDD SW BOOST TOP VIEW BGATE INTVDD SW TGATE BOOST TOP VIEW TGATE LTC4012 LTC4012 20 19 18 17 16 CLN 1 15 CSP CLN 1 CLP 2 14 CSN CLP 2 7 8 9 10 FVS1 ICL 6 UF PACKAGE 20-LEAD 20-LEAD (4mm 4mm) PLASTIC QFN TJMAX = 125°C, JA = 37°C/W EXPOSED PAD (PIN 21) IS GND, MUST BE SOLDERED TO PCB 12 ITH FVS0 CHRG 9 10 13 PROG 11 BAT ICL 8 VFB 7 ACP 5 FBDIV 6 SHDN ACP 5 DCIN 4 SHDN 12 ITH 14 CSN 21 GND INFET 3 11 BAT DCIN 4 13 PROG CHRG 21 GND INFET 3 15 CSP UF PACKAGE 20-LEAD 20-LEAD (4mm 4mm) PLASTIC QFN TJMAX = 125°C, JA = 37°C/W EXPOSED PAD (PIN 21) IS GND, MUST BE SOLDERED TO PCB Order Information LEAD FREE FINISH TAPE AND REEL PART MARKING* PACKAGE DESCRIPTION TEMPERATURE RANGE LTC4012CUF LTC4012CUF#PBF LTC4012CUF LTC4012CUF#TRPBF 4012 20-Lead (4mm × 4mm) Plastic QFN 0°C to 85°C LTC4012CUF-1 LTC4012CUF-1#PBF LTC4012CUF-1 LTC4012CUF-1#TRPBF 40121 20-Lead (4mm × 4mm) Plastic QFN 0°C to 85°C LTC4012CUF-2 LTC4012CUF-2#PBF LTC4012CUF-2 LTC4012CUF-2#TRPBF 40122 20-Lead (4mm × 4mm) Plastic QFN 0°C to 85°C LTC4012IUF LTC4012IUF#PBF LTC4012IUF LTC4012IUF#TRPBF 4012 20-Lead (4mm × 4mm) Plastic QFN 40°C to 125°C LTC4012IUF-1 LTC4012IUF-1#PBF LTC4012IUF-1 LTC4012IUF-1#TRPBF 40121 20-Lead (4mm × 4mm) Plastic QFN 40°C to 125°C LTC4012IUF-2 LTC4012IUF-2#PBF LTC4012IUF-2 LTC4012IUF-2#TRPBF 40122 20-Lead (4mm × 4mm) Plastic QFN 40°C to 125°C Consult LTC Marketing for parts specified with wider operating temperature ranges. *The temperature grade is identified by a label on the shipping container. Consult LTC Marketing for information on non-standard lead based finish parts. For more information on lead free part marking, go to: http://www.linear.com/leadfree/ For more information on tape and reel specifications, go to: http://www.linear.com/tapeandreel/ 4012fa LTC4012/ LTC4012/ LTC4012-1/LTC4012-2 LTC4012-1/LTC4012-2 Electrical Characteristics The l denotes the specifications which apply over the full operating temperature range, otherwise specifications are at TA = 25°C. DCIN = 20V, BAT = 12V, GND = 0V unless otherwise noted. (Note 2) SYMBOL PARAMETER CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS Charge Voltage Regulation VBAT Accuracy (See Test Circuits) LTC4012 LTC4012 C-Grade I-Grade l l 0.5 0.8 1.0 0.5 0.8 1.0 % % % LTC4012-1/LTC4012-2 LTC4012-1/LTC4012-2 C-Grade FVS1 = 0V, FVS0 = 0V, I-Grade FVS1 = 0V, FVS1 = 5V, I-Grade FVS1 = 5V, FVS0 = 0V, I-Grade FVS1 = 5V, FVS1 = 5V, I-Grade VTOL l l l l l 0.6 0.8 1.1 1.15 1.25 1.35 0.6 0.8 1.1 1.15 1.25 1.35 % % % % % % IVFB VFB Input Bias Current VFB = 1.2V ±20 nA RON FBDIV On Resistance ILOAD = 100µA l 85 190 ILEAK-FBDIV FBDIV Output Leakage Current SHDN = 0V, FBDIV = 0V l 1 0 1 µA VBOV VFB Overvoltage Threshold LTC4012 LTC4012 l 1.235 1.281 1.32 V BAT Overvoltage Threshold LTC4012-1/LTC4012-2 LTC4012-1/LTC4012-2, Relative to Selected Output Voltage l 103 106 109 % RPROG = 26.7k C-Grade I-Grade l l 4 5 9.5 4 5 9.5 % % % Charge Current Regulation ITOL Charge Current Accuracy with RIN = 3.01k, 6V < BAT < 18V (LTC4012 LTC4012) 6V < BAT < 15V (LTC4012-1 LTC4012-1, LTC4012-2 LTC4012-2) VSENSE = 0mV, PROG = 1.2V 12.75 11.67 10.95 µA 1.78 1.66 1.54 µA 140 125 195 325 250 265 430 mV mV mV AI Current Sense Amplifier Gain (PROG I) with RIN = 3.01k, 6V < BAT < 18V (LTC4012 LTC4012) 6V < BAT < 15V (LTC4012-1 LTC4012-1, LTC4012-2 LTC4012-2) VSENSE Step from 0mV to 5mV, PROG = 1.2V VCS-MAX Maximum Peak Current Sense Threshold Voltage per Cycle (RIN = 3.01k) ITH = 2V, C-Grade ITH = 2V, I-Grade ITH = 5V VC10 C/10 Indicator Threshold Voltage PROG Falling 340 400 460 mV VREV Reverse Current Threshold Voltage PROG Falling 180 253 295 mV 97 96 92 100 100 103 104 108 mV mV mV l l l Input Current Regulation VCL Current Limit Threshold CLP CLN C-Grade I-Grade ICLN CLN Input Bias Current CLN = CLP VICL ICL Indicator Threshold (CLP CLN) VCL l l ±100 8 5 nA 2 mV 28 V CLP Supply OVR Operating Voltage Range 6 VUVLO CLP Undervoltage Lockout Threshold VUV(HYST) UVLO Threshold Hysteresis ICLPO CLP Operating Current CLP = 20V, No Gate Loads VACP AC Present Threshold Voltage DCIN BAT, DCIN Rising C-Grade I-Grade CLP Increasing l 4.65 4.85 5.25 200 V mV 2 3 mA 500 650 700 mV mV Shutdown l l VACP(HYST) ACP Threshold Hysteresis Voltage VIL SHDN Input Voltage Low l VIH SHDN Input Voltage High l 350 300 200 mV 300 1.4 mV V 4012fa LTC4012/ LTC4012/ LTC4012-1/LTC4012-2 LTC4012-1/LTC4012-2 Electrical Characteristics The l denotes the specifications which apply over the full operating temperature range, otherwise specifications are at TA = 25°C. DCIN = 20V, BAT = 12V, GND = 0V unless otherwise noted. (Note 2) SYMBOL PARAMETER RIN SHDN Pull-Down Resistance CONDITIONS MIN ICLPS CLP Shutdown Current CLP = 12V, DCIN = 0V SHDN = 0V l ILEAK-BAT BAT Leakage Current SHDN = 0V or DCIN = 0V, 0V CSP = CSN = BAT 18V l ILEAK-CSN CSN Leakage Current SHDN = 0V or DCIN = 0V, 0V CSP = CSN = BAT 20V ILEAK-CSP CSP Leakage Current ILEAK-SW SW Leakage Current TYP MAX 40 UNITS k 15 350 26 500 µA µA 1.5 0 1.5 µA l 1.5 0 1.5 µA SHDN = 0V or DCIN = 0V, 0V CSP = CSN = BAT 20V l 1.5 0 1.5 µA SHDN = 0V or DCIN = 0V, 0V SW 20V l 1 0 2 µA l 4.85 5 5.15 V INTVDD Regulator INTVDD Output Voltage No Load VDD Load Regulation IDD = 20mA IDD Short-Circuit Current (Note 5) INTVDD = 0V 0.4 50 1 % 85 130 mA 633 kHz Switching Regulator IITH ITH Current fTYP Typical Switching Frequency ITH = 1.4V 40/+90 µA fMIN Minimum Switching Frequency DCMAX Maximum Duty Cycle tR-TG TGATE Rise Time CLOAD = 3.3nF, 10% 90% 60 110 ns tF-TG TGATE Fall Time CLOAD = 3.3nF, 90% 10% 50 110 ns tR-BG BGATE Rise Time CLOAD = 3.3nF, 10% 90% 60 110 ns tF-BG BGATE Fall Time CLOAD = 3.3nF, 90% 10% 60 110 ns tNO TGATE, BGATE Non-Overlap Time CLOAD = 3.3nF, 10% 10% 110 467 550 CLOAD = 3.3nF 20 25 kHz CLOAD = 3.3nF 98 99 % ns PowerPath Control IDCIN DCIN Input Current 0V DCIN CLP l 10 60 µA VFTO Forward Turn-On Voltage (DCIN Detection Threshold) DCIN-CLP, DCIN rising l 15 60 mV VFR Forward Regulation Voltage DCIN-CLP l 15 25 35 mV VRTO Reverse Turn-Off Voltage DCIN-CLP DCIN falling , l 45 25 15 mV VOL(INFET) INFET Output Low Voltage, Relative to CLP DCIN-CLP = 0.1V, IINFET =1µA 6.5 5 V VOH(INFET) INFET Output High Voltage, Relative to CLP DCIN-CLP = 0.1V, IINFET =5µA 250 250 mV tIF(ON) INFET Turn-On Time To CLP-INFET > 3V, CINFET = 1nF 85 180 µs tIF(OFF) INFET Turn-Off Time To CLP-INFET < 1.5V, CINFET = 1nF 2.5 6 µs 0.5 V Float Voltage Select Inputs (LTC4012-1/LTC4012-2 LTC4012-1/LTC4012-2 Only) VIL Input Voltage Low VIH Input Voltage High IIN Input Current 3.5 0V VIN 5V V 10 10 µA 500 mV 10 µA 38 µA Indicator Outputs VOL Output Voltage Low ILOAD = 100µA, PROG = 1.2V ILEAK Output Leakage SHDN = 0V, DCDIV = 0V, VOUT = 20V l 10 IC10 CHRG C/10 Current Sink CHRG = 2.5V l 15 25 4012fa LTC4012/ LTC4012/ LTC4012-1/LTC4012-2 LTC4012-1/LTC4012-2 Electrical Characteristics Note 1: Stresses beyond those listed under Absolute Maximum Ratings may cause permanent damage to the device. Exposure to any Absolute Maximum Rating condition for extended periods may affect device reliability and lifetime. Note 2: The LTC4012C LTC4012C is guaranteed to meet performance specifications over the 0°C to 85°C operating temperature range. The LTC4012I LTC4012I is guaranteed to meet performance specifications over the 40°C to 125°C operating temperature range. Note 3: Operating junction temperature TJ (in °C) is calculated from the ambient temperature TA and the total continuous package power dissipation PD (in watts) by the formula TJ = TA + (JA · PD). Refer to the Applications Information section for details. Note 4: All currents into device pins are positive; all currents out of device pins are negative. All voltages are referenced to GND, unless otherwise specified. Note 5: Output current may be limited by internal power dissipation. Refer to the Applications Information section for details. Test Circuits LTC4012 LTC4012 FROM ICL (CLP = CLN) 1.2085V PROG 13 + EA VFB ITH 9 12 + 1.2085V TARGET LTC1055 LTC1055 0.6V 40012 TC01 LTC4012-1 LTC4012-1 LTC4012-2 LTC4012-2 FROM ICL (CLP = CLN) 1.2085V PROG 13 + EA BAT ITH 11 12 TARGET VARIES WITH FVSO,1 + LTC1055 LTC1055 0.6V 40012 TC02 4012fa LTC4012/ LTC4012/ LTC4012-1/LTC4012-2 LTC4012-1/LTC4012-2 Typical Performance Characteristics (TA = 25°C unless otherwise noted. L = IHLP-2525 IHLP-2525 6.8µH) Efficiency at DCIN = 20V, BAT = 8V 100 Efficiency at DCIN = 20V, BAT = 12V 10000 RSENSE = 33m RIN = 3.01k 100 EFFICIENCY 95 EFFICIENCY (%) 1000 POWER LOSS 85 POWER LOSS 90 85 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 CHARGE CURRENT (A) 2.5 100 3 80 0 Efficiency at DCIN = 20V, BAT = 16V 0.10 EFFICIENCY VFB ERROR (%) 1000 POWER LOSS POWER LOSS(mW) EFFICIENCY (%) 3 100 4012 G02 0.06 95 2.5 0.02 0 0.02 0.06 RSENSE = 33m RIN = 3.01k 1 1.5 2 CHARGE CURRENT (A) 0.04 0.04 85 0.5 2.5 LTC4012 LTC4012 TEST CIRCUIT 0.08 0 1 1.5 2 CHARGE CURRENT (A) VFB Line Regulation 10000 90 0.5 4012 G01 100 80 1000 POWER LOSS(mW) EFFICIENCY 90 POWER LOSS(mW) EFFICIENCY (%) 95 80 10000 RSENSE = 33m RIN = 3.01k 0.08 3 100 0.10 10 5 4012 G03 20 25 15 CLP PIN VOLTAGE (V) 30 4012 G04 2 250 RON () 225 200 175 LOAD STATE 150 1A 12.1V 1A 3A RECONNECT DISCONNECT TIME (1ms/DIV) CLP = 20V VOUT = 12.3V 125 100 75 1 2A 0 5 20 15 10 BATTERY VOLTAGE (V) 25 4012 G05 4012 G06 CHARGE CURRENT ERROR (%) BATTERY VOLTAGE (500mV/DIV) CLP = BAT + 3V (CLP 6V) 275 Charge Current Accuracy Battery Load Dump FBDIV Pin RON vs Battery Voltage 300 0 DCIN = 24V RPROG = 35.7k 1 2 DCIN = 12V RPROG = 26.7k 3 4 RSENSE = 33m RIN = 3.01k 5 6 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 BATTERY VOLTAGE (V) 4012 G07 4012fa LTC4012/ LTC4012/ LTC4012-1/LTC4012-2 LTC4012-1/LTC4012-2 Typical Performance Characteristics (TA = 25°C unless otherwise noted. L = IHLP-2525 IHLP-2525 6.8µH) Charge Current Line Regulation ICHG = 2A 0 ICHG = 3A 0.2 0.3 0.5 2.5 ICHG = 2A 2.0 1.5 ICHG = 1A 1.0 0.5 ICHG 1.5 1.0 0.5 2.5A BULK CHARGE 2.1A INPUT CURRENT LIMIT 0 DCIN = 20V RSENSE = 33m RIN = 3.01k 0.5 11.0 25 15 10 20 DCIN PIN VOLTAGE (V) 5 IIN 2.0 0 0.4 2.5 CURRENT (A) 0.1 3.0 ICHG = 3A 3.0 CHARGE CURRENT (A) CHARGE CURRENT ERROR (%) BAT = 6V 0.4 RSENSE = 33m RIN = 3.01k 0.3 ICHG = 1A 0.2 0.1 Input Current Limit Charge Current Load Regulation 3.5 0.5 11.4 0.5 12.6 11.8 12.2 BATTERY VOLTAGE (V) 1.0 13.0 ICL STATE 0 0.5 1.0 1.5 SYSTEM LOAD (A) 2.5 4012 G09 4012 G08 PWM Soft-Start 4012 G10 PWM Frequency vs Duty Cycle Gate Drive Non-Overlap 600 EXTERNAL FET DRIVE (1V/DIV) ITH 1V/DIV PROG 1V/DIV SHDN 5V/DIV BGATE TGATE 4012 G11 ICHG = 750mA 500 PWM FREQUENCY (kHz) ICHG 2A/DIV TIME (500µs/DIV) 2.0 4012 G12 TIME (80ns/DIV) 400 300 200 CLP = 6V CLP = 12V CLP = 20V CLP = 25V 100 0 0 20 40 60 DUTY CYCLE (%) 100 80 4012 G13 PWM Frequency vs Charge Current 25 600 PWM FREQUENCY (kHz) BATTERY CURRENT (µA) BAT = 5V 500 BAT = 12V 400 CLP = 15V RSENSE = 33m RIN = 3.01k 300 200 0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 CHARGE CURRENT (A) DC1256-CLASS DC1256-CLASS APPLICATION DCIN = 0V 20 2.5 3.0 LTC4012 LTC4012, ALL PINS DCIN = 0V 10 4012 G14 0 VGS = 0V PFET VGS (1V/DIV) IDCIN, REVERSE (5A/DIV) 15 0A LTC4012 LTC4012, BAT PINS DCIN = 20V 5 BAT = 14.5V 100 0 INFET Response Time to DCIN Short to Ground Battery Shutdown Current 0 5 20 10 15 BATTERY VOLTAGE (V) 25 TIME (1µs/DIV) DCIN = 15V INFET = Si7423DN Si7423DN IOUT =