LMX1601/02 LMX1601 LMX1602 LMX16XX LMX1600 BFR505 LMX1600/01/02 LMX160X - Datasheet Archive

 

*HQHUDO'HVFULSWLRQ The LMX1601/02 Evaluation Board simplifies evaluation of the LMX1601 1 GHz/500 MHz or LMX1602 1 GHz/1 GHz

 

/0;(YDOXDWLRQ%RDUG2SHUDWLQJ,QVWUXFWLRQV *HQHUDO'HVFULSWLRQ The LMX1601/02 LMX1601/02 Evaluation Board simplifies evaluation of the LMX1601 LMX1601 1 GHz/500 MHz or LMX1602 LMX1602 1 GHz/1 GHz PLLatinum dual frequency synthesizer. It enables all performance measurements with no additional support circuitry. The board consists of a LMX1601 LMX1601 or LMX1602 LMX1602 device, a RF VCO module, and IF VCO & RF/IF loop filters built by discrete components. The SMA flange mount connectors are provided for external reference input, RF and IF VCO outputs, and the power and grounding connection. A cable assembly is bundled with the evaluation board for connecting to a PC through the parallel printer port. By means of MICROWIRE serial port emulation, the Code Loader software included can be run on a PC to facilitate the LMX1601/02 LMX1601/02 internal register programming for the evaluation and measurement. 4XLFN6WDUW The LMX1601/02 LMX1601/02 Evaluation Board is fully assembled and factory tested. Follow the instructions below to set up the hardware platform for the measurement of interest. 5HFRPPHQGHG 7HVW (TXLSPHQW · Spectrum analyzer with 10MHz reference output (operating frequency range >= 2 GHz) · Modulation domain analyzer · DC power supply with adjustable voltage outputs · 10MHz signal source/generator (optional, in case no reference output from spectrum analyzer) &RQQHFWLRQ DQG 6HWXS 1. Connect the RF_OUT/IF_OUT output port to the input of a spectrum analyzer for phase noise and reference spur measurement or the input of a modulation analyzer for lock time measurement. 2. Connect a oscillator reference to the OSCin input port. It is advised to use a high quality reference source for an accurate and low noise measurement. A 10MHz reference is generally available from most of the spectrum analyzer at the reference output port. 3. Plug the DB25 connector end of the cable assembly to the parallel port of the PC. Connect the other end of the cable to the on-board 5x2 pin header. Refer to the "Data cable configuration" section of the "Applications Information, Code Loader Operation" for pin#1 position. / 0 ; 4. ( 9 $ / 8 $ 7 , 2 1 % 2 $ 5 ' 2 3 ( 5 $ 7 , 1 * , 1 6 7 5 8 & 7 , 2 1 6 Verify that two jumper blocks are placed to shunt pin 1 & 2 and pin 3 & 4 to connect RF_VCO_Vcc and IF_VCO_Vcc respectively to Vcc_RF power source. 5. Turn on the DC power supply and adjust the voltage output to 3 Volt. Turn off supply. 6. Connect the DC power supply output to Vcc_RF port of evaluation board. Turn on supply. 7. Turn on the signal generator and set the reference output frequency to 10MHz. 8. Run the Code Loader software on the PC for LMX1601/02 LMX1601/02 register programming. Refer to Appendices C and E for more details. 3KDVH 1RLVH 0HDVXUHPHQW 8VLQJ $ 6SHFWUXP $QDO\]HU 1. Use the Code Loader software to set the desired frequency and to program the LMX1601/02 LMX1601/02 device. Refer to Appendix D for more details. 2. Set the spectrum analyzer to the desired center frequency, and adjust the span so the appropriate offset frequency can be viewed. 3. Turn ON the video averaging feature of the analyzer for better determination of the noise level. 4. The difference between the level of the carrier and the noise level minus 10[log(resolution bandwidth)] is equal to the phase noise in dBc/Hz. The resolution bandwidth can be read directly from the spectrum analyzer. 5HIHUHQFH 6SXU 0HDVXUHPHQW 8VLQJ $ 6SHFWUXP $QDO\]HU 1. Use the Code Loader software to set the desired frequency and to program the LMX1601/02 LMX1601/02 device. Refer to Appendix D for more details. 2. Set the spectrum analyzer to the desired center frequency, and set the span to allow the reference sidebands to be viewed. For example, the span can be set to 500 kHz during RF VCO measurement as its loop filter design is based on 200 kHz reference frequency. 3. The reference spur is the difference between the level of the PLL tone (at the center frequency) and the level of the reference spur (at the center frequency +/- the reference frequency). /RFN 7LPH 0HDVXUHPHQW 8VLQJ $ 0RGXODWLRQ 'RPDLQ $QDO\]HU 1. Decide the maximum and minimum frequency to be switched alternately. The VCO operating frequency range can be obtained in Appendix D. Enter Burst Mode menu of Code Loader software to create a macro to program the LMX1601/02 LMX1601/02 to the maximum and minimum frequency alternatively over time. It is necessary / 0 ; ( 9 $ / 8 $ 7 , 2 1 % 2 $ 5 ' 2 3 ( 5 $ 7 , 1 * , 1 6 7 5 8 & 7 , 2 1 6 to put a sufficient delay between PLL programming (i.e. 10,000). Refer to the "Burst Mode configuration and operation" section of the "Application Information, Code Loader Operation" for more details. 2. Set the center frequency of the modulation domain analyzer to be half-way between the maximum and minimum frequencies. Set the frequency span to cover the entire frequency range from maximum to minimum. Then a switching signal should be seen on the screen. 3. Set the center frequency to be the trigger condition for One-Shot mode. Press [Start/Stop] button to capture the switching curve. Adjust the frequency and time scale accordingly to get a close-up plot for detailed information. 4. The lock time is the time difference between the point the frequency starts to change and the point that the PLL frequency settles within +/- 1 kHz range. /RRS)LOWHU,OOXVWUDWLRQ A type 2 second and third order passive loop filter configuration for RF PLL and IF PLL are employed respectively on the LMX1601/02 LMX1601/02 evaluation board. The RF loop filter was designed assuing a 13 kHz loop bandwidth, 50 degree phase margin, 200 kHz reference frequency, and low gain charge pump mode. The IF loop filter was designed for a 50 kHz reference frequency for high charge pump current mode. The actual implementations are shown as below: DoRF 33pF 0 RF VCO 150K 330pF NC 5)/223),/7(5 DoIF 3300pF 22K 6K8 IF VCO 82pF 0.1uF ,)/223),/7(5 / 0 ; ( 9 $ / 8 $ 7 , 2 1 % 2 $ 5 ' 2 3 ( 5 $ 7 , 1 * , 1 6 7 5 8 & 7 , 2 1 6 /0;3HUIRUPDQFH0HDVXUHPHQW5HVXOW²$7\SLFDO([DPSOH 3KDVH 1RLVH 0HDVXUHPHQW 5HVXOW #+] G%F+] 5HIHUHQFH 6SXU 0HDVXUHPHQW 5HVXOW #.+] G%F / 0 ; ( 9 $ / 8 $ 7 , 2 1 % 2 $ 5 ' 2 3 ( 5 $ 7 , 1 * , 1 6 7 5 8 & 7 , 2 1 6 /RFN 7LPH 0HDVXUHPHQW 5HVXOW Positive Frequency Switching Waveform Positive Lock Time to within 1 kHz Range / 0 ; ( 9 $ / 8 $ 7 , 2 1 % 2 $ 5 ' 2 3 ( 5 $ 7 , 1 * , 1 6 7 5 8 & 7 , 2 1 6 /RFN 7LPH 0HDVXUHPHQW 5HVXOW &RQW Negative Frequency Switching Waveform Negative Lock Time to within 1kHz Range / 0 ; ( 9 $ / 8 $ 7 , 2 1 % 2 $ 5 ' 2 3 ( 5 $ 7 , 1 * , 1 6 7 5 8 & 7 , 2 1 6 0HDVXUHPHQW&RQGLWLRQV The LMX1601/02 LMX1601/02 Evaluation Board has been tested to meet the typical performance criteria as shown below: 7HVWLQJ &RQGLWLRQ VCC Operating Voltage : 3.0 Volt RF VCO Tuning Range : 889 - 915 MHz RF Comparison Frequency : 200 kHz IF VCO Tuning Range : Typical 200 MHz (See back of the evaluation board and Code Loader diskette label for the exact tuning frequency.) IF Comparison Frequency : 50 kHz 7\SLFDO 3HUIRUPDQFH &ULWHULD RF VCO Phase Noise : Less than -55 dBc/Hz @ 100Hz RF VCO Reference Spur : Less than -60 dBc @ 200 kHz RF VCO Lock Time : Less than 600 uS (within +/- 1 kHz settling frequency) 5HPDUN Computer monitors and other lab equipment has been shown to cause noise spikes. If you see noise spikes on the signal, try turning off the monitor or other equipment to verify that they are not the cause. Also noise may be getting onto the signal through the cable that connects to the parallel port of the computer. 1 D1 10 pf C7 2 VARACTOR_DIODE 18 R16 IF_C3 82pF 22K IF_R3 0.1uF IF_C2 C14 100pf IF_C1 3300pF C4 100 pf IF_R2 6K8 C1 100 pf 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 C15 0.01u 3 R15 18 LMX16XX LMX16XX IF_EN CPo IF Vcc IF fin IF GND OSCout OSCin Fo/LD U1 4 2 Vcc 3 1 R18 18 RF_EN CPo RF Vcc RF fin RF GND LE Data Clock R27 10k C20 0.01 uf 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 R29 10k 4.7k R26 C21 100pf 4.7k R28 RF_C1 33pF 100 C22 4 18 R17 C16 1 uf RF_C2 330pF RF_R2 150K R31 10k R30 4.7k 0 RF_R3 C17 100pf C18 1uf R25 10k 1 Vcc_RF C19 100 pf RF_C3 NC 5 1 3 2 1 VCO U2 Date: File: B Size Title 4 5 6 33 R19 C23 100pf 4-Aug-1997 C:\TEMP\LMX1600 LMX1600\LMX16XX LMX16XX.SCH Number LMX1601 LMX1601 Evaluation Board RF_VCO_Vcc 7 C13 100 pf R12 8.2k L1 56 nH 100pf 10k R10 R5 10 CRYSTAL R3 0 U3 HEADER_2X5 4.7k R24 R20 39 Sheet of Drawn By: 39 R21 6 6 Yuko Kanagy 1.1 RF_OUT Revision 1 A B C D 2 3 ( 5 $ 7 , 1 * A C12 1 uf R14 100 C8 27 pf Q1 BFR505 BFR505 C6 C0 100pf C2 100 pf NC R4 NC 4.7k 5 8 IF_VCO_Vcc 1 33 R7 C9 27pf R8 39 R11 10k 0.1 uf J8 R2 NC R1 R22 2 4 6 8 10 39 R9 R13 75 R6 51 C3 1 R23 10k 4 % 2 $ 5 ' 100 pf C5 1 Fo/LD 3 ( 9 $ / 8 $ 7 , 2 1 B IF_OUT 1 OSCin OSCin 2 1 3 5 7 9 C D 1 / 0 ; , 1 6 7 5 8 & 7 , 2 1 6 $SSHQGL[$/0;(YDOXDWLRQ%RDUG6FKHPDWLF'LDJUDP $SSHQGL[%/0;(YDOXDWLRQ%RDUG/D\RXW $SSHQGL[&+RZ7R6HWXS&RGH/RDGHU6RIWZDUH The LMX1600/01/02 LMX1600/01/02 Evaluation board is designed so that port setup is required to be configured as follows except for the Port Address. The Port Address should be selected according to the user PC parallel port. FIGURE C-1: PORT SETUP FOR LMX160X LMX160X EVALUATION BOARD / 0 ; ( 9 $ / 8 $ 7 , 2 1 % 2 $ 5 ' 2 3 ( 5 $ 7 , 1 * , 1 6 7 5 8 & 7 , 2 1 6 $SSHQGL['/0;&RGH/RDGHU4XLFN5HIHUHQFH FIGURE D-1: "CODE LOADER" MAIN MENU FOR LMX1600 LMX1600 The parameters above the dotted line are for the main RF PLL, and the parameters below are for the auxiliary IF PLL in the main menu. All parameter values or states can be changed except the charge pump states and R counter prescalers. The parameter boxes can be changed by just clicking on or by clicking on and entering new values. The user must press Enter on the keyboard after the parameters are changed. Only registers for which the new changes are relevant are loaded when the Enter is pressed. To load all registers in both RF and IF PLLs, select the Load - PLL pull down menu or enter Ctrl + L. Ref In - TCXO or reference crystal oscillator input. NSC's normal LMX1600/01/02 LMX1600/01/02 evaluation board is designed for a 10 MHz TCXO. The RF and IF Ref In frequencies are required to be the same. The user is advised to use a high quality crystal reference for an accurate and low noise measurement. A high quality 10 MHz reference signal is generally available from the most of spectrum analyzer reference output port or signal generator reference output port. Phase Detector - Phase detector (comparator) frequency. NSC's normal LMX1600/01/02 LMX1600/01/02 evaluation boards are designed for a 200 kHz RF PLL phase detector frequency and a 50 kHz IF PLL phase detector frequency. The component values of the loop filter require redesign if the user wishes to use other phase detector frequency. PLL In - VCO output frequency (PLL fin input frequency). Operating frequencies for the VCO's used on NSC's normal LMX1600/01/02 LMX1600/01/02 evaluation boards are as follows: / 0 ; ( 9 $ / 8 $ 7 , 2 1 % 2 $ 5 ' 2 3 ( 5 $ 7 , 1 * , 1 6 7 5 8 & 7 , 2 1 6 VCO used Operating frequency range [MHz] LMX1600 LMX1600 Murata 1780 1770 - 1790 LMX1601/02 LMX1601/02 Varil 2549 889 - 915 The IF tuning frequency range is noted at the bottom of the evaluation board or on the code loader diskette label. It is usually around 200 MHz. The user is allowed to enter a frequency within the VCO operating frequency range. The component values of the loop filter should be redesigned if the user wishes to use other VCOs. Prescale - Prescaler value of the counters. There is no prescaler used in the R counter indicated by 1. Availability of the prescaler values depends on the user's device type. Refer to the data book for the available prescaler values. The prescaler value can be changed by clicking on the Prescale box. Phase Detector Polarity - The polarity can be changed by clicking on the "+" or "-". Refer to the data sheet for the description of this function. Charge Pump Gain - Charge pump output current. The LMX1600/01/02 LMX1600/01/02 have high and low charge pump gain modes. The modes can be changed by clicking on "High" or "Low". The LMX1600 LMX1600 evaluation loop filter is designed for the "High" charge pump gain, and the LMX1601/02 LMX1601/02 is designed for "Low" gain mode. Auto Reload Every [XX] sec - Time interval the program reloads all the counters. The user enables the reload function by selecting Options - Auto Reload from the pull down menu. Program Pins - Trigger - External Trigger for the programming port. The programming port assigned for Trigger becomes high when selected and port goes low when not selected. Program Pins - RF_En - RF Enable pin. The RF PLL is enabled when it is selected. Program Pins - IF_En - IF Enable pin. The IF PLL is enabled when it is selected. FoLD - FoLD pin output and OSCin internal buffer mode selection. The FoLD pull-down menu is shown below. / 0 ; ( 9 $ / 8 $ 7 , 2 1 % 2 $ 5 ' 2 3 ( 5 $ 7 , 1 * , 1 6 7 5 8 & 7 , 2 1 6 FIGURE D-2: FOLD SELECTION Refer to the data book for a description of the FoLD output selections. The HG and LG at the end of each selection indicate the high and low gain mode of the OSCin buffer. If the user is using an external TCXO or reference crystal oscillator, the HG or LG can be selected. If the user is building a reference crystal oscillator using the internal OSCin buffer, the HG should be selected.