D945GCNL D98466-01US NL94510J 945GC RTL8111B-GR LGA775 82945GC 82801GB GMA950 - Datasheet Archive

 

D945GCNL Technical Product Specification June 2007 Order Number: D98466-01US The Intel® Desktop Board D945GCNL may contain

 

Intel® Desktop Board D945GCNL D945GCNL Technical Product Specification June 2007 Order Number: D98466-01US D98466-01US The Intel® Desktop Board D945GCNL D945GCNL may contain design defects or errors known as errata that may cause the product to deviate from published specifications. Current characterized errata are documented in the Intel Desktop Board D945GCNL D945GCNL Specification Update. Revision History Revision -001 Revision History Date ® This is the first release of the Intel Desktop Board D945GCNL D945GCNL Technical Product Specification June 2007 This product specification applies to only the standard Intel Desktop Board D945GCNL D945GCNL with BIOS identifier NL94510J NL94510J.86A. Changes to this specification will be published in the Intel Desktop Board D945GCNL D945GCNL Specification Update before being incorporated into a revision of this document. INFORMATION IN THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED IN CONNECTION WITH INTEL® PRODUCTS. NO LICENSE, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, BY ESTOPPEL OR OTHERWISE, TO ANY INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS IS GRANTED BY THIS DOCUMENT. EXCEPT AS PROVIDED IN INTEL'S TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF SALE FOR SUCH PRODUCTS, INTEL ASSUMES NO LIABILITY WHATSOEVER, AND INTEL DISCLAIMS ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTY, RELATING TO SALE AND/OR USE OF INTEL PRODUCTS INCLUDING LIABILITY OR WARRANTIES RELATING TO FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, MERCHANTABILITY, OR INFRINGEMENT OF ANY PATENT, COPYRIGHT OR OTHER INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHT. INTEL PRODUCTS ARE NOT INTENDED FOR USE IN MEDICAL, LIFE SAVING, OR LIFE SUSTAINING APPLICATIONS. Intel Corporation may have patents or pending patent applications, trademarks, copyrights, or other intellectual property rights that relate to the presented subject matter. The furnishing of documents and other materials and information does not provide any license, express or implied, by estoppel or otherwise, to any such patents, trademarks, copyrights, or other intellectual property rights. Intel may make changes to specifications and product descriptions at any time, without notice. Designers must not rely on the absence or characteristics of any features or instructions marked "reserved" or "undefined." Intel reserves these for future definition and shall have no responsibility whatsoever for conflicts or incompatibilities arising from future changes to them. Intel® desktop boards may contain design defects or errors known as errata, which may cause the product to deviate from published specifications. Current characterized errata are available on request. Contact your local Intel sales office or your distributor to obtain the latest specifications before placing your product order. Copies of documents which have an ordering number and are referenced in this document, or other Intel literature, may be obtained from: Intel Corporation P.O. Box 5937 Denver, CO 80217-9808 or call in North America 1-800-548-4725, Europe 44-0-1793-431-155, France 44-0-1793-421-777, Germany 44-0-1793-421-333, other Countries 708-296-9333. Intel, the Intel logo, Pentium, Intel Core 2 Duo, and Celeron are registered trademarks of Intel Corporation or its subsidiaries in the United States and other countries. * Other names and brands may be claimed as the property of others. Copyright © 2007, Intel Corporation. All rights reserved. Preface This Technical Product Specification (TPS) specifies the board layout, components, connectors, power and environmental requirements, and the BIOS for the Intel® Desktop Board D945GCNL D945GCNL. It describes the standard product and available manufacturing options. Intended Audience The TPS is intended to provide detailed, technical information about the Desktop Board D945GCNL D945GCNL and its components to the vendors, system integrators, and other engineers and technicians who need this level of information. It is specifically not intended for general audiences. What This Document Contains Chapter Description 1 A description of the hardware used on the Desktop Board D945GCNL D945GCNL 2 A map of the resources of the Desktop Board 3 The features supported by the BIOS Setup program 4 A description of the BIOS error messages, beep codes, and POST codes 5 Regulatory compliance and battery disposal information Typographical Conventions This section contains information about the conventions used in this specification. Not all of these symbols and abbreviations appear in all specifications of this type. Notes, Cautions, and Warnings NOTE Notes call attention to important information. INTEGRATOR'S NOTES Integrator's notes are used to call attention to information that may be useful to system integrators. CAUTION Cautions are included to help you avoid damaging hardware or losing data. iii Intel Desktop Board D945GCNL D945GCNL Technical Product Specification WARNING Warnings indicate conditions which, if not observed, can cause personal injury. Other Common Notation # Used after a signal name to identify an active-low signal (such as USBP0#). (NxnX) When used in the description of a component, N indicates component type, xn are the relative coordinates of its location on the Desktop Board D945GCNL D945GCNL, and X is the instance of the particular part at that general location. For example, J5J1 is a connector, located at 5J. It is the first connector in the 5J area. GB Gigabyte (1,073,741,824 bytes) GB/sec Gigabytes per second Gbits/sec Gigabits per second KB Kilobyte (1024 bytes) Kbit Kilobit (1024 bits) kbits/sec 1000 bits per second MB Megabyte (1,048,576 bytes) MB/sec Megabytes per second Mbit Megabit (1,048,576 bits) Mbit/sec Megabits per second xxh An address or data value ending with a lowercase h indicates a hexadecimal value. x.x V iv Volts. Voltages are DC unless otherwise specified. * This symbol is used to indicate third-party brands and names that are the property of their respective owners. Contents 1 Product Description 1.1 Overview. 10 1.1.1 Feature Summary . 10 1.1.2 Board Layout . 12 1.1.3 Block Diagram . 14 1.2 Online Support. 15 1.3 Processor . 15 1.4 System Memory . 16 1.4.1 Memory Configurations . 17 1.5 Intel® 945GC 945GC Chipset . 18 1.5.1 Intel 945GC 945GC Graphics Subsystem. 18 1.5.2 USB . 20 1.5.3 IDE Support . 21 1.5.4 Real-Time Clock, CMOS SRAM, and Battery . 22 1.6 PCI Express* Connectors . 22 1.7 Legacy I/O Controller . 23 1.7.1 Serial Port . 23 1.7.2 Parallel Port. 23 1.7.3 Diskette Drive Controller . 23 1.7.4 Keyboard and Mouse Interface . 23 1.8 Audio Subsystem. 24 1.8.1 Audio Subsystem Software . 24 1.8.2 Audio Connectors . 24 1.8.3 6 Channel (5.1) Audio Subsystem . 25 1.9 LAN Subsystem . 26 1.9.1 LAN Subsystem Software. 26 1.9.2 Realtek RTL8111B-GR RTL8111B-GR Physical Layer Interface Device . 26 1.10 Hardware Management Subsystem . 28 1.10.1 Hardware Monitoring and Fan Control ASIC . 28 1.10.2 Chassis Intrusion and Detection. 28 1.10.3 Fan Monitoring . 28 1.10.4 Thermal Monitoring . 29 1.11 Power Management . 30 1.11.1 ACPI . 30 1.11.2 Hardware Support . 32 2 Technical Reference 2.1 Memory Resources . 2.1.1 Addressable Memory. 2.1.2 Memory Map. 2.2 DMA Channels. 2.3 Fixed I/O Map . 2.4 PCI Configuration Space Map . 37 37 39 39 40 41 v Intel Desktop Board D945GCNL D945GCNL Technical Product Specification 2.5 Interrupts . 42 2.6 PCI Conventional Interrupt Routing Map . 43 2.7 Connectors and Headers. 44 2.7.1 Back Panel Connectors . 45 2.7.2 Component-side Connectors and Headers . 46 2.8 Jumper Block . 54 2.9 Mechanical Considerations . 56 2.9.1 Form Factor. 56 2.10 Electrical Considerations . 57 2.10.1 Power Supply Considerations . 57 2.10.2 Fan Header Current Capability. 58 2.10.3 Add-in Board Considerations . 58 2.11 Thermal Considerations . 59 2.12 Reliability . 61 2.13 Environmental . 61 3 Overview of BIOS Features 3.1 Introduction . 3.2 BIOS Flash Memory Organization . 3.3 Resource Configuration . 3.3.1 PCI Autoconfiguration . 3.3.2 PCI IDE Support. 3.4 System Management BIOS (SMBIOS). 3.5 BIOS Updates . 3.5.1 Language Support . 3.5.2 Custom Splash Screen . 3.6 Legacy USB Support . 3.7 Boot Options. 3.7.1 CD-ROM Boot . 3.7.2 Network Boot. 3.7.3 Booting Without Attached Devices. 3.7.4 Changing the Default Boot Device During POST . 3.8 Adjusting Boot Speed. 3.8.1 Peripheral Selection and Configuration. 3.8.2 BIOS Boot Optimizations . 3.9 BIOS Security Features . 63 64 64 64 65 65 66 66 66 67 67 67 67 68 68 69 69 69 70 4 Error Messages and Beep Codes 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 vi Speaker . 71 BIOS Beep Codes . 71 BIOS Error Messages . 71 Port 80h POST Codes . 72 Contents 5 Regulatory Compliance and Battery Disposal Information 5.1 Regulatory Compliance. 5.1.1 Safety Standards. 5.1.2 European Union Declaration of Conformity Statement . 5.1.3 Product Ecology Statements. 5.1.4 EMC Regulations . 5.1.5 Product Certification Markings (Board Level). 5.2 Battery Disposal Information. 77 77 78 79 83 85 86 Figures 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. Board Components . Block Diagram . Back Panel Audio Connector Options . LAN Connector LED Locations . Thermal Sensors and Fan Headers . Location of the Standby Power Indicator LED . Detailed System Memory Address Map . Back Panel Connectors . Component-side Connectors and Headers . Connection Diagram for Front Panel Header . Connection Diagram for Front Panel USB Headers . Location of the Jumper Block. Board Dimensions . Localized High Temperature Zones. 12 14 25 27 29 35 38 45 46 51 53 54 56 60 Tables 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. Feature Summary. 10 Board Components Shown in Figure 1 . 13 Supported Memory Configurations . 16 LAN Connector LED States . 27 Effects of Pressing the Power Switch . 30 Power States and Targeted System Power. 31 Wake-up Devices and Events . 32 System Memory Map . 39 DMA Channels. 39 I/O Map . 40 PCI Configuration Space Map . 41 Interrupts . 42 PCI Interrupt Routing Map . 43 Component-side Connectors and Headers Shown in Figure 9 . 47 Front Panel Audio Header . 48 Chassis Intrusion Header . 48 Serial ATA Connectors . 48 Processor Fan Header . 48 Front and Rear Chassis Fan Headers . 48 vii Intel Desktop Board D945GCNL D945GCNL Technical Product Specification 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. viii Main Power Connector. Processor Core Power Connector. Auxiliary Front Panel Power/Sleep LED Header. Front Panel Header . States for a One-Color Power LED . States for a Two-Color Power LED. BIOS Setup Configuration Jumper Settings. Recommended Power Supply Current Values . Fan Header Current Capability. Thermal Considerations for Components . Environmental Specifications. BIOS Setup Program Menu Bar. BIOS Setup Program Function Keys. Boot Device Menu Options . Supervisor and User Password Functions. Beep Codes . BIOS Error Messages . Port 80h POST Code Ranges. Port 80h POST Codes . Typical Port 80h POST Sequence. Safety Standards. Lead-Free Board Markings . EMC Regulations . Product Certification Markings . 49 49 50 51 52 52 55 57 58 60 61 64 64 68 70 71 71 72 73 76 77 82 83 85 1 Product Description What This Chapter Contains 1.1 Overview. 10 1.2 Online Support. 15 1.3 Processor . 15 1.4 System Memory . 16 1.5 Intel® 945GC 945GC Chipset . 18 1.6 PCI Express* Connectors . 22 1.7 Legacy I/O Controller . 23 1.8 Audio Subsystem. 24 1.9 LAN Subsystem . 26 1.10 Hardware Management Subsystem . 28 1.11 Power Management . 30 9 Intel Desktop Board D945GCNL D945GCNL Technical Product Specification 1.1 Overview 1.1.1 Feature Summary Table 1 summarizes the major features of the board. Table 1. Feature Summary Form Factor microATX (9.60 inches by 9.60 inches [243.84 millimeters by 243.84 millimeters]) Processor Support for the following: · Intel® CoreTM2 Duo processor in an LGA775 LGA775 socket with a 1066 or 800 MHz system bus · Intel® Pentium® D processor in an LGA775 LGA775 socket with an 800 or 533 MHz system bus · Intel® Pentium® 4 processor in an LGA775 LGA775 socket with an 800 or 533 MHz system bus · Intel® Celeron® D processor in an LGA775 LGA775 socket with a 533 MHz system bus Memory · Two 240-pin DDR2 SDRAM Dual Inline Memory Module (DIMM) sockets · Support for DDR2 667 or DDR2 533 MHz DIMMs · Support for up to 2 GB of system memory Chipset Intel® 945GC 945GC Chipset, consisting of: · Intel® 82945GC 82945GC Graphics Memory Controller Hub (GMCH) · Intel® 82801GB 82801GB I/O Controller Hub (ICH7) Video Intel® Graphics Media Accelerator 950 (Intel® GMA950 GMA950) onboard graphics subsystem Audio 5.1+2 channel audio subsystem using the Realtek* ALC888 ALC888 audio codec Legacy I/O Control SMSC* 5127 legacy I/O controller for diskette drive, serial, parallel, and PS/2* ports USB Support for USB 2.0 devices Peripheral Interfaces · Eight USB ports · One serial port · One parallel port · Four Serial ATA interfaces · One Parallel ATA IDE interface with UDMA 33, ATA-66/100 ATA-66/100 support · One diskette drive interface · PS/2 keyboard and mouse ports LAN Support 10/100/1000 Mbits/sec LAN subsystem using the Realtek RTL8111B-GR RTL8111B-GR device BIOS · Intel® BIOS (resident in the SPI Flash device) · Support for Advanced Configuration and Power Interface (ACPI), Plug and Play, and SMBIOS Expansion Capabilities · Two PCI* Conventional bus connectors · One PCI Express* x1 bus add-in card connector · One PCI Express x16 bus add-in card connector continued 10 Product Description Table 1. Feature Summary (continued) Instantly Available PC Technology · Support for PCI Local Bus Specification Revision 2.3 · Support for PCI Express Revision 1.0a · Suspend to RAM support · Wake on PCI, RS-232 RS-232, front panel, PS/2 devices, and USB ports Hardware Monitor Subsystem · Hardware monitoring and fan control through the SMSC 5127 I/O controller · Voltage sense to detect out of range power supply voltages · Thermal sense to detect out of range thermal values · Three fan headers · Three fan sense inputs used to monitor fan activity · Fan speed control For information about Refer to Available configurations for the board Section 1.2, page 15 11 Intel Desktop Board D945GCNL D945GCNL Technical Product Specification 1.1.2 Board Layout Figure 1 shows the location of the major components. Figure 1. Board Components Table 2 lists the components identified in Figure 1. 12 Product Description Table 2. Board Components Shown in Figure 1 Item/callout from Figure 1 Description A Front panel audio header B PCI Conventional bus add-in card connector #2 C PCI Conventional bus add-in card connector #1 D PCI Express x1 bus add-in card connector E PCI Express x16 bus add-in card connector F Back panel connectors G Processor core power connector H Processor fan header I Rear chassis fan header J LGA775 LGA775 processor socket K Intel 82945GC 82945GC GMCH L DIMM socket M DIMM socket N Chassis intrusion header O Main Power connector P Diskette drive connector Q Parallel ATE IDE connector R Intel 82801GB 82801GB I/O Controller Hub (ICH7) S Front chassis fan header T Serial ATA connectors [4] U Front panel header V Speaker W Front panel USB header X Front panel USB header Y BIOS Setup configuration jumper block Z Battery AA Auxiliary front panel power LED header 13 Intel Desktop Board D945GCNL D945GCNL Technical Product Specification 1.1.3 Block Diagram Figure 2 is a block diagram of the major functional areas. Figure 2. Block Diagram 14 Product Description 1.2 Online Support To find information about. Visit this World Wide Web site: Intel® Desktop Board D945GCNL D945GCNL Desktop Board Support Available configurations for the Desktop Board D945GCNL D945GCNL Supported processors http://www.intel.com/go/findcpu Chipset information BIOS and driver updates http://downloadcenter.intel.com Tested Memory 1.3 Processor The board is designed to support the following processors: · · · · Intel Core 2 Duo processor in an LGA775 LGA775 socket with a 1066 or 800 MHz system bus Intel Pentium D processor in an LGA775 LGA775 socket with an 800 or 533 MHz system bus Intel Pentium 4 processor in an LGA775 LGA775 socket with an 800 or 533 MHz system bus Intel Celeron D processor in an LGA775 LGA775 socket with a 533 MHz system bus See the Intel web site listed below for the most up-to-date list of supported processors. For information about. Refer to: Supported processors http://www.intel.com/go/findcpu CAUTION Use only the processors listed on web site above. Use of unsupported processors can damage the board, the processor, and the power supply. INTEGRATOR'S NOTE Use only ATX12V-compliant power supplies. For information about Refer to Power supply connectors Section 2.7.2.1, page 49 15 Intel Desktop Board D945GCNL D945GCNL Technical Product Specification 1.4 System Memory The board has two DIMM sockets and supports the following memory features: · · 1.8 V (only) DDR2 SDRAM DIMMs with gold-plated contacts Unbuffered, single-sided or double-sided DIMMs with the following restriction: Double-sided DIMMS with x16 organization are not supported. · · · · · 2 GB maximum total system memory. Refer to Section 2.1.1 on page 37 for information on the total amount of addressable memory. Minimum total system memory: 128 MB Non-ECC DIMMs Serial Presence Detect DDR2 667 or DDR2 533 MHz SDRAM DIMMs NOTES · · Remove the PCI Express x16 video card before installing or upgrading memory to avoid interference with the memory retention mechanism. To be fully compliant with all applicable DDR SDRAM memory specifications, the board should be populated with DIMMs that support the Serial Presence Detect (SPD) data structure. This allows the BIOS to read the SPD data and program the chipset to accurately configure memory settings for optimum performance. If nonSPD memory is installed, the BIOS will attempt to correctly configure the memory settings, but performance and reliability may be impacted or the DIMMs may not function under the determined frequency. Table 3 lists the supported DIMM configurations. Table 3. Supported Memory Configurations DIMM Capacity Configuration SDRAM Density SDRAM Organization Front-side/Back-side Number of SDRAM Devices 128 MB SS 256 Mbit 16 M x 16/empty 4 256 MB SS 256 Mbit 32 M x 8/empty 8 256 MB SS 512 Mbit 32 M x 16/empty 4 512 MB DS 256 Mbit 32 M x 8/32 M x 8 16 512 MB SS 512 Mbit 64 M x 8/empty 8 512 MB SS 1 Gbit 64 M x 16/empty 4 1024 MB DS 512 Mbit 64 M x 8/64 M x 8 16 1024 MB SS 1 Gbit 128 M x 8/empty 8 Note: In the second column, "DS" refers to double-sided memory modules (containing two rows of SDRAM) and "SS" refers to single-sided memory modules (containing one row of SDRAM). For information about. Tested Memory 16 Refer to: Product Description 1.4.1 Memory Configurations The Intel 82945GC 82945GC GMCH supports two types of memory organization: · · Dual channel (Interleaved) mode. This mode offers the highest throughput for real world applications. Dual channel mode is enabled when the installed memory capacities of both DIMM channels are equal. Technology and device width can vary from one channel to the other but the installed memory capacity for each channel must be equal. If different speed DIMMs are used between channels, the slowest memory timing will be used. Single channel (Asymmetric) mode. This mode is equivalent to single channel bandwidth operation for real world applications. This mode is used when only a single DIMM is installed or the memory capacities are unequal. Technology and device width can vary from one channel to the other. If different speed DIMMs are used between channels, the slowest memory timing will be used. For information about. Refer to: Memory Configuration Examples 17 Intel Desktop Board D945GCNL D945GCNL Technical Product Specification 1.5 Intel® 945GC 945GC Chipset The Intel 945GC 945GC chipset consists of the following devices: · · Intel 82945GC 82945GC Graphics Memory Controller Hub (GMCH) with Direct Media Interface (DMI) interconnect Intel 82801GB 82801GB I/O Controller Hub (ICH7) with DMI interconnect The GMCH component provides interfaces to the CPU, memory, PCI Express, and the DMI interconnect. The component also provides integrated graphics capabilities supporting 3D, 2D and display capabilities. The ICH7 is a centralized controller for the board's I/O paths. For information about Refer to The Intel 945GC 945GC chipset Resources used by the chipset Chapter 2 1.5.1 Intel 945GC 945GC Graphics Subsystem The Intel 945GC 945GC chipset contains two separate, mutually exclusive graphics options. Either the GMA950 GMA950 graphics controller (contained within the 82945GC 82945GC GMCH) is used, or a PCI Express x16 add-in card can be used. When a PCI Express x16 add-in card is installed, the GMA950 GMA950 graphics controller is disabled. 1.5.1.1 Intel® GMA950 GMA950 Graphics Controller The Intel GMA950 GMA950 graphics controller features the following: · · · 400 MHz core frequency High performance 3-D setup and render engine High quality texture engine DX9* Compliant Hardware Pixel Shader 2.0 Alpha and luminance maps Texture color-keying/chroma-keying Cubic environment reflection mapping · Enhanced texture blending functions 3D Graphics Rendering enhancements 1.3 Dual Texture GigaPixel/Sec Fill Rate 16 and 32 bit color Maximum 3D supported resolution of 1600 x 1200 x 32 at 85 Hz Vertex cache Anti-aliased lines OpenGL* version 1.4 support with vertex buffer and EXT_Shadow extensions 18 Product Description · 2D Graphics enhancements 8, 16,and 32 bit color Optimized 256-bit BLT engine Color space conversion · Anti-aliased lines Video Hardware motion compensation for MPEG2 · Software DVD at 30 fps full screen Display Integrated 24-bit 400 MHz RAMDAC Up to 2048 x 1536 at 75 Hz refresh (QXGA) DDC2B compliant interface with Advanced Digital Display 2 or 2+ (ADD2/ADD2+) cards, support for TV-out/TV-in and DVI digital display connections Supports flat panels up to 2048 x 1536 at 60Hz or digital CRT/HDTV at 1920 x 1080 at 85 Hz (with ADD2/ADD2+) · · Two multiplexed DVO port interfaces with 200 MHz pixel clocks using an ADD2/ADD2+ card Dynamic Video Memory Technology (DVMT) support up to 224 MB Intel® Zoom Utility For information about Refer to Obtaining graphics software and utilities Section 1.2, page 15 1.5.1.2 Dynamic Video Memory Technology (DVMT) DVMT enables enhanced graphics and memory performance through Direct AGP, and highly efficient memory utilization. DVMT ensures the most efficient use of available system memory for maximum 2-D/3-D graphics performance. Up to 224 MB of system memory can be allocated to DVMT on systems that have 512 MB or more of total system memory installed. Up to 128 MB can be allocated to DVMT on systems that have 256 MB but less than 512 MB of total installed system memory. Up to 64 MB can be allocated to DVMT when less than 256 MB of system memory is installed. DVMT returns system memory back to the operating system when the additional system memory is no longer required by the graphics subsystem. DVMT will always use a minimal fixed portion of system physical memory (as set in the BIOS Setup program) for compatibility with legacy applications. An example of this would be when using VGA graphics under DOS. Once loaded, the operating system and graphics drivers allocate additional system memory to the graphics buffer as needed for performing graphics functions. NOTE The use of DVMT requires operating system driver support. 19 Intel Desktop Board D945GCNL D945GCNL Technical Product Specification 1.5.1.3 Advanced Digital Display (ADD2/ADD2+) Card Support The GMCH routes two multiplexed DVO ports that are each capable of driving up to a 200 MHz pixel clock to the PCI Express x16 connector. The DVO ports can be paired for a dual channel configuration to support up to a 400 MHz pixel clock. When an ADD2/ADD2+ card is detected, the Intel GMA950 GMA950 graphics controller is enabled and the PCI Express x16 connector is configured for DVO mode. DVO mode enables the DVO ports to be accessed by the ADD2/ADD2+ card. An ADD2/ADD2+ card can either be configured to support simultaneous display with the primary VGA display or can be configured to support dual independent display as an extended desktop configuration with different color depths and resolutions. ADD2/ADD2+ cards can be designed to support the following configurations: · · · · · · TV-Out (composite video) Transition Minimized Differential Signaling (TMDS) for DVI 1.0 Low Voltage Differential Signaling (LVDS) Single device operating in dual channel mode VGA output HDTV output 1.5.1.4 Configuration Modes A list of supported modes for the Intel GMA950 GMA950 graphics controller is available as a downloadable document. For information about Refer to Supported video modes for the board Section 1.2, page 15 1.5.2 USB The board supports up to eight USB 2.0 ports, supports UHCI and EHCI, and uses UHCI- and EHCI-compatible drivers. The ICH7 provides the USB controller for all ports. The port arrangement is as follows: · · Four ports are implemented with dual stacked back panel connectors Four ports are routed to two separate front panel USB headers NOTE Computer systems that have an unshielded cable attached to a USB port may not meet FCC Class B requirements, even if no device is attached to the cable. Use shielded cable that meets the requirements for full-speed devices. For information about The location of the USB connectors on the back panel Figure 8, page 45 The location of the front panel USB headers 20 Refer to Figure 9, page 46 Product Description 1.5.3 IDE Support The board provides five IDE interface connectors: · · One parallel ATA IDE connector that supports two devices Four serial ATA IDE connectors that support one device per connector 1.5.3.1 Parallel ATE IDE Interface The ICH7's Parallel ATA IDE controller has one bus-mastering Parallel ATA IDE interface. The Parallel ATA IDE interface supports the following modes: · · · · · Programmed I/O (PIO): processor controls data transfer. 8237-style DMA: DMA offloads the processor, supporting transfer rates of up to 16 MB/sec. Ultra DMA: DMA protocol on IDE bus supporting host and target throttling and transfer rates of up to 33 MB/sec. ATA-66 ATA-66: DMA protocol on IDE bus supporting host and target throttling and transfer rates of up to 66 MB/sec. ATA-66 ATA-66 protocol is similar to Ultra DMA and is device driver compatible. ATA-100 ATA-100: DMA protocol on IDE bus allows host and target throttling. The ICH7's ATA-100 ATA-100 logic can achieve read transfer rates up to 100 MB/sec and write transfer rates up to 88 MB/sec. NOTE ATA-66 ATA-66 and ATA-100 ATA-100 are faster timings and require a specialized cable to reduce reflections, noise, and inductive coupling. The Parallel ATA IDE interface also supports ATAPI devices (such as CD-ROM drives) and ATA devices using the transfer modes. The BIOS supports Logical Block Addressing (LBA) and Extended Cylinder Head Sector (ECHS) translation modes. The drive reports the transfer rate and translation mode to the BIOS. For information about Refer to The location of the Parallel ATA IDE connector Figure 9, page 46 1.5.3.2 Serial ATA Interfaces The ICH7's Serial ATA controller offers four independent Serial ATA ports with a theoretical maximum transfer rate of 3 Gbits/sec per port. One device can be installed on each port for a maximum of four Serial ATA devices. A point-to-point interface is used for host to device connections, unlike Parallel ATA IDE which supports a master/slave configuration and two devices per channel. For compatibility, the underlying Serial ATA functionality is transparent to the operating system. The Serial ATA controller can operate in both legacy and native modes. In legacy mode, standard IDE I/O and IRQ resources are assigned (IRQ 14 and 15). In Native mode, standard PCI Conventional bus resource steering is used. Native mode is the preferred mode for configurations using the Windows* XP and Windows 2000 operating systems. 21 Intel Desktop Board D945GCNL D945GCNL Technical Product Specification NOTE Many Serial ATA drives use new low-voltage power connectors and require adaptors or power supplies equipped with low-voltage power connectors. For more information, see: http://www.serialata.org/ For information about Refer to The location of the Serial ATA IDE connectors Figure 9, page 46 1.5.4 Real-Time Clock, CMOS SRAM, and Battery A coin-cell battery (CR2032 CR2032) powers the real-time clock and CMOS memory. When the computer is not plugged into a wall socket, the battery has an estimated life of three years. When the computer is plugged in, the standby current from the power supply extends the life of the battery. The clock is accurate to ± 13 minutes/year at 25 ºC with 3.3 VSB applied. NOTE If the battery and AC power fail, custom defaults, if previously saved, will be loaded into CMOS RAM at power-on. 1.6 PCI Express* Connectors The board provides the following PCI Express connectors: · · One PCI Express x16 connector supporting simultaneous transfer speeds up to 4 GBytes/sec of peak bandwidth per direction and up to 8 GBytes/sec concurrent bandwidth One PCI Express x1 connector. The x1 interface supports simultaneous transfer speeds up to 250 Mbytes/sec of peak bandwidth per direction and up to 500 MBytes/sec concurrent bandwidth The PCI Express interface supports the PCI Conventional bus configuration mechanism so that the underlying PCI Express architecture is compatible with PCI Conventional compliant operating systems. Additional features of the PCI Express interface include the following: · · · · · · 22 Support for the PCI Express enhanced configuration mechanism Automatic discovery, link training, and initialization Support for Active State Power Management (ASPM) SMBus 2.0 support Wake# signal supporting wake events from ACPI S1, S3, S4, or S5 Software compatible with the PCI Power Management Event (PME) mechanism defined in the PCI Power Management Specification Rev. 1.1 Product Description 1.7 Legacy I/O Controller The legacy I/O controller provides the following features: · · · · · · · One serial port One parallel port with Extended Capabilities Port (ECP) and Enhanced Parallel Port (EPP) support Serial IRQ interface compatible with serialized IRQ support for PCI Conventional bus systems PS/2-style mouse and keyboard interfaces Interface for one 1.44 MB or 2.88 MB diskette drive Intelligent power management, including a programmable wake-up event interface PCI Conventional bus power management support The BIOS Setup program provides configuration options for the legacy I/O controller. 1.7.1 Serial Port The Serial port A connector is located on the back panel. The serial port supports data transfers at speeds up to 115.2 kbits/sec with BIOS support. For information about Refer to The location of the serial port A connector Figure 8, page 45 1.7.2 Parallel Port The 25-pin D-Sub parallel port connector is located on the back panel. Use the BIOS Setup program to set the parallel port mode. For information about Refer to The location of the parallel port connector Figure 8, page 45 1.7.3 Diskette Drive Controller The legacy I/O controller supports one diskette drive. Use the BIOS Setup program to configure the diskette drive interface. For information about Refer to The location of the diskette drive connector Figure 9, page 46 1.7.4 Keyboard and Mouse Interface PS/2 keyboard and mouse connectors are located on the back panel. NOTE The keyboard is supported in the bottom PS/2 connector and the mouse is supported in the top PS/2 connector. Power to the computer should be turned off before a keyboard or mouse is connected or disconnected. For information about Refer to The location of the keyboard and mouse connectors Figure 8, page 45 23 Intel Desktop Board D945GCNL D945GCNL Technical Product Specification 1.8 Audio Subsystem The board supports the Intel High Definition audio subsystem based on the Realtek ALC888 ALC888 audio codec. The audio subsystem supports the following features: · · · · 1.8.1 Advanced jack sense for the back panel audio jacks that enables the audio codec to recognize the device that is connected to an audio port. The back panel audio jacks are capable of retasking according to user's definition, or can be automatically switched depending on the recognized device type. Stereo input and output for all back panel jacks Line out and Mic in functions for front panel audio jacks A signal-to-noise (S/N) ratio of 95 dB Audio Subsystem Software Audio software and drivers are available from Intel's World Wide Web site. For information about Refer to Obtaining audio software and drivers Section 1.2, page 15 1.8.2 Audio Connectors The board contains audio connectors/headers on both the back panel and the component side of the board. The front panel audio header provides mic in and line out signals for the front panel. For information about Refer to The location of the front panel audio header Figure 9, page 46 The signal names of the front panel audio header 24 Table 15, page 48 The back panel audio connectors Section 2.7.1, page 45 Product Description 1.8.3 6 Channel (5.1) Audio Subsystem The 6 channel (5.1) audio subsystem includes the following: · · · Intel 82801GB 82801GB I/O Controller Hub (ICH7) Realtek ALC888 ALC888 audio codec Microphone input that supports a single dynamic, condenser, or electret microphone The back panel audio connectors are configurable through the audio device drivers. The available configurable audio ports are shown in Figure 3. Figure 3. Back Panel Audio Connector Options For information about Refer to The back panel audio connectors Section 2.7.1, page 45 25 Intel Desktop Board D945GCNL D945GCNL Technical Product Specification 1.9 LAN Subsystem The LAN subsystem consists of the following: · · Realtek RTL8111B-GR RTL8111B-GR device for 10/100/1000 Mbits/sec Ethernet LAN connectivity RJ-45 RJ-45 LAN connector with integrated status LEDs Additional features of the LAN subsystem include: · · · CSMA/CD protocol engine LAN connect interface that supports the 82562G 82562G PCI Conventional bus power management Supports ACPI technology Supports LAN wake capabilities 1.9.1 LAN Subsystem Software LAN software and drivers are available from Intel's World Wide Web site. For information about Refer to Obtaining LAN software and drivers Section 1.2, page 15 1.9.2 Realtek RTL8111B-GR RTL8111B-GR Physical Layer Interface Device The Realtek RTL8111B-GR RTL8111B-GR provides the following functions: · · · · 26 10/100/1000 Ethernet LAN connectivity Full device driver compatibility Programmable transit threshold Configuration EEPROM that contains the MAC address Product Description 1.9.2.1 RJ-45 RJ-45 LAN Connector with Integrated LEDs Two LEDs are built into the RJ-45 RJ-45 LAN connector (shown in Figure 4). Figure 4. LAN Connector LED Locations Table 4 describes the LED states when the board is powered up and the 10/100/1000 Mbits/sec LAN subsystem is operating. Table 4. LAN Connector LED States LED LED Color LED State Condition A Green Blinking LAN activity is established. None Off 10 Mbits/sec data rate is selected. B Green On 100 Mbits/sec data rate is selected. Yellow On 1000 Mbits/sec data rate is selected. 27 Intel Desktop Board D945GCNL D945GCNL Technical Product Specification 1.10 Hardware Management Subsystem The hardware management features enable the board to be compatible with the Wired for Management (WfM) specification. The board has several hardware management features, including the following: · · · Chassis intrusion detection Fan monitoring and control (through the SMSC 5127 I/O Controller) Thermal and voltage monitoring 1.10.1 Hardware Monitoring and Fan Control ASIC The features of the hardware monitoring and fan control ASIC include: · · · · · Internal ambient temperature sensor Two remote thermal diode sensors for direct monitoring of processor temperature and ambient temperature sensing Power supply monitoring of five voltages (+5 V, +12 V, +3.3 VSB, +1.5 V, and +VCCP) to detect levels above or below acceptable values Thermally monitored closed-loop fan control, for all three fans, that can adjust the fan speed or switch the fans on or off as needed SMBus interface For information about Refer to The location of the fan headers and sensors for thermal monitoring Figure 5, page 29 1.10.2 Chassis Intrusion and Detection The board supports a chassis security feature that detects if the chassis cover is removed. The security feature uses a mechanical switch on the chassis that attaches to the chassis intrusion header. When the chassis cover is removed, the mechanical switch is in the closed position. 1.10.3 Fan Monitoring Fan monitoring can be implemented using third-party software. The level of monitoring and control is dependent on the I/O controller used with the board. For information about The functions of the fan headers 28 Refer to Section 1.11.2.2, page 33 Product Description 1.10.4 Thermal Monitoring Figure 5 shows the location of the sensors and fan headers. Item Description A Processor fan B Rear chassis fan C Thermal diode, located on processor die D Remote ambient temperature sensor E Front chassis fan Figure 5. Thermal Sensors and Fan Headers 29 Intel Desktop Board D945GCNL D945GCNL Technical Product Specification 1.11 Power Management Power management is implemented at several levels, including: · · Software support through Advanced Configuration and Power Interface (ACPI) Hardware support: Power connector Fan headers LAN wake capabilities Instantly Available PC technology Wake from USB Wake from PS/2 devices Power Management Event signal (PME#) wake-up support 1.11.1 ACPI ACPI gives the operating system direct control over the power management and Plug and Play functions of a computer. The use of ACPI with this board requires an operating system that provides full ACPI support. ACPI features include: · · · · · · Plug and Play (including bus and device enumeration) Power management control of individual devices, add-in boards (some add-in boards may require an ACPI-aware driver), video displays, and hard disk drives Methods for achieving less than 15-watt system operation in the power-on/standby sleeping state A Soft-off feature that enables the operating system to power-off the computer Support for multiple wake-up events (see Table 7 on page 32) Support for a front panel power and sleep mode switch Table 5 lists the system states based on how long the power switch is pressed, depending on how ACPI is configured with an ACPI-aware operating system. Table 5. Effects of Pressing the Power Switch If the system is in this pressed for .the system enters this state Off (ACPI G2/G5 ­ Soft off) Less than four seconds Power-on (ACPI G0 ­ working state) On (ACPI G0 ­ working state) Less than four seconds Soft-off/Standby (ACPI G1 ­ sleeping state) On (ACPI G0 ­ working state) More than four seconds Fail safe power-off (ACPI G2/G5 ­ Soft off) Sleep (ACPI G1 ­ sleeping state) Less than four seconds Wake-up (ACPI G0 ­ working state) Sleep (ACPI G1 ­ sleeping state) 30 .and the power switch is state. More than four seconds Power-off (ACPI G2/G5 ­ Soft off) Product Description 1.11.1.1 System States and Power States Under ACPI, the operating system directs all system and device power state transitions. The operating system puts devices in and out of low-power states based on user preferences and knowledge of how devices are being used by applications. Devices that are not being used can be turned off. The operating system uses information from applications and user settings to put the system as a whole into a low-power state. Table 6 lists the power states supported by the board along with the associated system power targets. See the ACPI specification for a complete description of the various system and power states. Table 6. Power States and Targeted System Power Global States Sleeping States Processor States Device States Targeted System Power (Note 1) G0 ­ working state S0 ­ working C0 ­ working D0 ­ working state. Full power > 30 W G1 ­ sleeping state S1 ­ Processor stopped C1 ­ stop grant D1, D2, D3 ­ device specification specific. 5 W < power < 52.5 W G1 ­ sleeping state S3 ­ Suspend to RAM. Context saved to RAM. No power D3 ­ no power except for wake-up logic. Power < 5 W (Note 2) G1 ­ sleeping state S4 ­ Suspend to disk. Context saved to disk. No power D3 ­ no power except for wake-up logic. Power < 5 W (Note 2) G2/S5 S5 ­ Soft off. Context not saved. Cold boot is required. No power D3 ­ no power except for wake-up logic. Power < 5 W (Note 2) G3 ­ mechanical off No power to the system. No power D3 ­ no power for wake-up logic, except when provided by battery or external source. No power to the system. Service can be performed safely. AC power is disconnected from the computer. Notes: 1. Total system power is dependent on the system configuration, including add-in boards and peripherals powered by the system chassis' power supply. 2. Dependent on the standby power consumption of wake-up devices used in the system. 1.11.1.2 ENERGY STAR* In 2007, the US Department of Energy and the US Environmental Protection Agency revised the ENERGY STAR* requirements. Intel has worked directly with these two governmental agencies to define the new requirements. Currently Intel Desktop Boards meet the new requirements. For information about ENERGY STAR requirements and recommended configurations Refer to http://www.intel.com/go/energystar 31 Intel Desktop Board D945GCNL D945GCNL Technical Product Specification 1.11.1.3 Wake-up Devices and Events Table 7 lists the devices or specific events that can wake the computer from specific states. Table 7. Wake-up Devices and Events These devices/events can wake up the computer. .from this state LAN S1, S3, S4, S5 (Note) Modem (back panel Serial Port A) S1, S3 PME# signal S1, S3, S4, S5 (Note) Power switch S1, S3, S4, S5 PS/2 devices S1, S3 RTC alarm S1, S3, S4, S5 USB S1, S3 WAKE# signal S1, S3, S4, S5 Note: For LAN and PME# signal, S5 is disabled by default in the BIOS Setup program. Setting this option to Power On will enable a wake-up event from LAN in the S5 state. NOTE The use of these wake-up events from an ACPI state requires an operating system that provides full ACPI support. In addition, software, drivers, and peripherals must fully support ACPI wake events. 1.11.2 Hardware Support CAUTION Ensure that the power supply provides adequate +5 V standby current if LAN wake capabilities and Instantly Available PC technology features are used. Failure to do so can damage the power supply. The total amount of standby current required depends on the wake devices supported and manufacturing options. The board provides several power management hardware features, including: · · · · · · · · Power connector Fan headers LAN wake capabilities Instantly Available PC technology Wake from USB Wake from PS/2 keyboard PME# signal wake-up support WAKE# signal wake-up support LAN wake capabilities and Instantly Available PC technology require power from the +5 V standby line. 32 Product Description NOTE The use of Wake from USB from an ACPI state requires an operating system that provides full ACPI support. 1.11.2.1 Power Connector ATX12V-compliant power supplies can turn off the system power through system control. When an ACPI-enabled system receives the correct command, the power supply removes all non-standby voltages. When resuming from an AC power failure, the computer returns to the power state it was in before power was interrupted (on or off). The computer's response can be set using the Last Power State feature in the BIOS Setup program's Boot menu. For information about Refer to The location of the main power connector Figure 9, page 46 The signal names of the main power connector Table 20, page 49 1.11.2.2 Fan Headers The function/operation of the fan headers is as follows: · · · · · The fans are on when the board is in the S0 or S1 state. The fans are off when the board is off or in the S3, S4, or S5 state. Each fan header is wired to a fan tachometer input of the hardware monitoring and fan control ASIC. All fan headers support closed-loop fan control that can adjust the fan speed or switch the fan on or off as needed. All fan headers have a +12 V DC connection. For information about Refer to The location of the fan headers Figure 9, page 46 The location of the fan headers and sensors for thermal monitoring Figure 5, page 29 The signal names of the processor fan header Table 18, page 48 The signal names of the chassis fan headers Table 19, page 48 33 Intel Desktop Board D945GCNL D945GCNL Technical Product Specification 1.11.2.3 LAN Wake Capabilities CAUTION For LAN wake capabilities, the +5 V standby line for the power supply must be capable of providing adequate +5 V standby current. Failure to provide adequate standby current when implementing LAN wake capabilities can damage the power supply. LAN wake capabilities enable remote wake-up of the computer through a network. The LAN network adapter monitors network traffic at the Media Independent Interface. Upon detecting a Magic Packet* frame, the LAN subsystem asserts a wake-up signal that powers up the computer. Depending on the LAN implementation, the board supports LAN wake capabilities with ACPI in the following ways: · · · The PCI Express WAKE# signal The PCI Conventional bus PME# signal for PCI 2.3 compliant LAN designs The onboard LAN subsystem 1.11.2.4 Instantly Available PC Technology CAUTION For Instantly Available PC technology, the +5 V standby line for the power supply must be capable of providing adequate +5 V standby current. Failure to provide adequate standby current when implementing Instantly Available PC technology can damage the power supply. Instantly Available PC technology enables the board to enter the ACPI S3 (Suspend-toRAM) sleep-state. While in the S3 sleep-state, the computer will appear to be off (the power supply is off, and the front panel LED is amber if dual colored, or off if single colored.) When signaled by a wake-up device or event, the system quickly returns to its last known wake state. Table 7 on page 32 lists the devices and events that can wake the computer from the S3 state. The board supports the PCI Bus Power Management Interface Specification. Add-in boards that also support this specification can participate in power management and can be used to wake the computer. The use of Instantly Available PC technology requires operating system support and PCI 2.3 compliant add-in cards, PCI Express add-in cards, and drivers. 1.11.2.5 Wake from USB USB bus activity wakes the computer from ACPI S1 or S3 states. NOTE Wake from USB requires the use of a USB peripheral that supports Wake from USB. 34 Product Description 1.11.2.6 Wake from PS/2 Devices PS/2 device activity wakes the computer from an ACPI S1 or S3 state. 1.11.2.7 PME# Signal Wake-up Support When the PME# signal on the PCI Conventional bus is asserted, the computer wakes from an ACPI S1, S3, S4, or S5 state (with Wake on PME enabled in BIOS). 1.11.2.8 WAKE# Signal Wake-up Support When the WAKE# signal on the PCI Express bus is asserted, the computer wakes from an ACPI S1, S3, S4, or S5 state. 1.11.2.9 +5 V Standby Power Indicator LED The +5 V standby power indicator LED shows that power is still present even when the computer appears to be off. Figure 6 shows the location of the standby power indicator LED. CAUTION If AC power has been switched off and the standby power indicator is still lit, disconnect the power cord before installing or removing any devices connected to the board. Failure to do so could damage the board and any attached devices. Figure 6. Location of the Standby Power Indicator LED 35 Intel Desktop Board D945GCNL D945GCNL Technical Product Specification 36 2 Technical Reference What This Chapter Contains 2.1 Memory Resources . 37 2.2 DMA Channels. 39 2.3 Fixed I/O Map . 40 2.4 PCI Configuration Space Map . 41 2.5 Interrupts . 42 2.6 PCI Conventional Interrupt Routing Map . 43 2.7 Connectors and Headers. 44 2.8 Jumper Block . 54 2.9 Mechanical Considerations . 56 2.10 Electrical Considerations . 57 2.11 Thermal Considerations . 59 2.12 Reliability . 61 2.13 Environmental . 61 2.1 2.1.1 Memory Resources Addressable Memory The board utilizes 2 GB of addressable system memory. Typically the address space that is allocated for PCI Conventional bus add-in cards, PCI Express configuration space, BIOS (SPI Flash), and chipset overhead resides above the top of DRAM (total system memory). On a system that has 2 GB of system memory installed, it is not possible to use all of the installed memory due to system address space being allocated for other system critical functions. These functions include the following: · · · · · · · BIOS/ SPI Flash (4 MB) Local APIC (19 MB) Digital Media Interface (40 MB) Front side bus interrupts (17 MB) PCI Express configuration space (256 MB) GMCH base address registers, internal graphics ranges, PCI Express ports (up to 512 MB) Memory-mapped I/O that is dynamically allocated for PCI Conventional and PCI Express add-in cards 37 Intel Desktop Board D945GCNL D945GCNL Technical Product Specification The amount of installed memory that can be used will vary based on add-in cards and BIOS settings. Figure 7 shows a schematic of the system memory map. All installed system memory can be used when there is no overlap of system addresses. Figure 7. Detailed System Memory Address Map 38 Technical Reference 2.1.2 Memory Map Table 8 lists the system memory map. Table 8. System Memory Map Address Range (decimal) Address Range (hex) Size Description 1024 K - 2097152 K 100000 - FFFFFFFF 2048 MB Extended memory 960 K - 1024 K F0000 F0000 - FFFFF 64 KB Runtime BIOS 896 K - 960 K E0000 E0000 - EFFFF 64 KB Reserved 800 K - 896 K C8000 C8000 - DFFFF 96 KB Potential available high DOS memory (open to the PCI Conventional bus). Dependent on video adapter used. 640 K - 800 K A0000 A0000 - C7FFF 160 KB Video memory and BIOS 639 K - 640 K 9FC00 9FC00 - 9FFFF 1 KB Extended BIOS data (movable by memory manager software) 512 K - 639 K 80000 - 9FBFF 127 KB Extended conventional memory 0 K - 512 K 00000 - 7FFFF 512 KB Conventional memory 2.2 DMA Channels Table 9 lists the DMA channels. Table 9. DMA Channels DMA Channel Number Data Width System Resource 0 8 or 16 bits Open 1 8 or 16 bits Parallel port 2 8 or 16 bits Diskette drive 3 8 or 16 bits Parallel port (for ECP or EPP) 4 8 or 16 bits DMA controller 5 16 bits Open 6 16 bits Open 7 16 bits Open 39 Intel Desktop Board D945GCNL D945GCNL Technical Product Specification 2.3 Fixed I/O Map Table 10 lists the fixed I/O map. Table 10. I/O Map Address (hex) Size Description 0000 - 00FF 256 bytes Used by the Desktop Board D945GCNL D945GCNL. Refer to the ICH7 data sheet for dynamic addressing information. 01F0 - 01F7 0228 - 022F (Note 1) 8 bytes Primary Parallel ATA IDE channel command block 8 bytes LPT3 0278 - 027F (Note 1) 8 bytes LPT2 02E8 - 02EF (Note 1) 8 bytes COM4 02F8 - 02FF (Note 1) 8 bytes COM2 0374 - 0377 4 bytes Secondary Parallel ATA IDE channel control block 0378 - 037F 8 bytes LPT1 03E8 - 03EF 8 bytes COM3 03F0 - 03F5 6 bytes Diskette channel 03F4 ­ 03F7 1 byte Primary Parallel ATA IDE channel control block 03F8 - 03FF 8 bytes COM1 04D0 - 04D1 2 bytes Edge/level triggered PIC LPTn + 400 8 bytes ECP port, LPTn base address + 400h 0CF8 - 0CFB (Note 2) 4 bytes PCI Conventional bus configuration address register 0CF9 (Note 3) 1 byte Reset control register 0CFC - 0CFF 4 bytes PCI Conventional bus configuration data register FFA0 - FFA7 8 bytes Primary Parallel ATA IDE bus master registers Notes: 1. Default, but can be changed to another address range 2. Dword access only 3. Byte access only NOTE Some additional I/O addresses are not available due to ICH7 address aliasing. The ICH7 data sheet provides more information on address aliasing. For information about 40 Refer to Obtaining the ICH7 data sheet Section 1.2, page 15 Technical Reference 2.4 PCI Configuration Space Map Table 11 shows the PCI configuration space map. Table 11. PCI Configuration Space Map Bus Device Function Number (hex) Number (hex) Number (hex) Description 00 00 00 Memory controller of Intel 82945GC 82945GC component 00 01 00 PCI Express x16 graphics port (Note 1) 00 02 00 Integrated graphics controller 00 1B 00 High Definition Audio Controller 00 1C 00 PCI Express port 1 00 1D 00 USB UHCI controller 1 00 1D 01 USB UHCI controller 2 00 1D 02 USB UHCI controller 3 00 1D 03 USB UHCI controller 4 00 1D 07 EHCI controller 00 1E 00 PCI bridge 00 1F 00 PCI controller 00 1F 01 Parallel ATA IDE controller 00 1F 02 Serial ATA controller 00 1F 03 SMBus controller (Note 2) 00 00 PCI Conventional bus connector 1 (Note 2) 01 00 PCI Conventional bus connector 2 (Note 2) 08 00 LAN PLC 01 00 00 PCI Express video controller (if present) Notes: 1. Present only when a PCI Express x16 graphics card is installed. 2. Bus number is dynamic and can change based on add-in cards used. 41 Intel Desktop Board D945GCNL D945GCNL Technical Product Specification 2.5 Interrupts The interrupts can be routed through either the Programmable Interrupt Controller (PIC) or the Advanced Programmable Interrupt Controller (APIC) portion of the ICH7 component. The PIC is supported in Windows 98 SE and Windows ME and uses the first 16 interrupts. The APIC is supported in Windows 2000 and Windows XP and supports a total of 24 interrupts. Table 12 lists the interrupts. Table 12. Interrupts IRQ System Resource NMI I/O channel check 0 Reserved, interval timer 1 Reserved, keyboard buffer full 2 Reserved, cascade interrupt from slave PIC 3 User available 4 COM1 (Note 1) 5 User available 6 Diskette drive 7 LPT1 (Note 1) 8 Real-time clock 9 User available 10 User available 11 User available 12 Onboard mouse port (if present, else user available) 13 Reserved, math coprocessor 14 Primary Parallel ATA/Serial ATA ­ Legacy Mode (if present, else user available) 15 Secondary Parallel ATA/Serial ATA ­ Legacy Mode (if present, else user available) 16 (Note 2) User available (through PIRQA) 17 (Note 2) User available (through PIRQB) 18 (Note 2) User available (through PIRQC) 19 (Note 2) User available (through PIRQD) 20 (Note 2) User available (through PIRQE) 21 (Note 2) User available (through PIRQF) 22 (Note 2) User available (through PIRQG) 23 (Note 2) User available (through PIRQH) Notes: 1. Default, but can be changed to another IRQ. 2. Available in APIC mode only. 42 Technical Reference 2.6 PCI Conventional Interrupt Routing Map This section describes interrupt sharing and how the interrupt signals are connected between the PCI Conventional bus connectors and onboard PCI Conventional devices. The PCI Conventional specification describes how interrupts can be shared between devices attached to the PCI Conventional bus. In most cases, the small amount of latency added by interrupt sharing does not affect the operation or throughput of the devices. In some special cases where maximum performance is needed from a device, a PCI Conventional device should not share an interrupt with other PCI Conventional devices. Use the following information to avoid sharing an interrupt with a PCI Conventional add-in card. PCI Conventional devices are categorized as follows to specify their interrupt grouping: · · · INTA: By default, all add-in cards that require only one interrupt are in this category. For almost all cards that require more than one interrupt, the first interrupt on the card is also classified as INTA. INTB: Generally, the second interrupt on add-in cards that require two or more interrupts is classified as INTB. (This is not an absolute requirement.) INTC and INTD: Generally, a third interrupt on add-in cards is classified as INTC and a fourth interrupt is classified as INTD. The ICH7 has eight Programmable Interrupt Request (PIRQ) input signals. All PCI Conventional interrupt sources either onboard or from a PCI Conventional add-in card connect to one of these PIRQ signals. Some PCI Conventional interrupt sources are electrically tied together on the board and therefore share the same interrupt. Table 13 shows an example of how the PIRQ signals are routed. Table 13. PCI Interrupt Routing Map ICH7 PIRQ Signal Name PCI Interrupt Source PIRQA PIRQB PIRQC PIRQD PIRQE PIRQF PIRQG PIRQH PCI bus connector 1 INTD INTA INTB INTC PCI bus connector 2 INTA INTB INTC INTD ICH7 LAN INTA NOTE In PIC mode, the ICH7 can connect each PIRQ line internally to one of the IRQ signals (3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 9, 10, 11, 12, 14, and 15). Typically, a device that does not share a PIRQ line will have a unique interrupt. However, in certain interrupt-constrained situations, it is possible for two or more of the PIRQ lines to be connected to the same IRQ signal. Refer to Table 12 for the allocation of PIRQ lines to IRQ signals in APIC mode. PCI interrupt assignments to the USB ports, Serial ATA ports, and PCI Express ports are dynamic. 43 Intel Desktop Board D945GCNL D945GCNL Technical Product Specification 2.7 Connectors and Headers CAUTION Only the following connectors have overcurrent protection: back panel USB, front panel USB, and PS/2. The other internal connectors/headers are not overcurrent protected and should connect only to devices inside the computer's chassis, such as fans and internal peripherals. Do not use these connectors/headers to power devices external to the computer's chassis. A fault in the load presented by the external devices could cause damage to the computer, the power cable, and the external devices themselves. This section describes the board's connectors and headers. The connectors and headers can be divided into these groups: · · 44 Back panel connectors (see page 45) Component-side connectors and headers (see page 46) Technical Reference 2.7.1 Back Panel Connectors Figure 8 shows the location of the back panel connectors. Item Description A PS/2 mouse port B PS/2 keyboard port C Parallel port D Serial port E VGA port F LAN G USB ports [4] H Audio line in I Mic in J Audio line out Figure 8. Back Panel Connectors NOTE The back panel audio line out connector is designed to power headphones or amplified speakers only. Poor audio quality occurs if passive (non-amplified) speakers are connected to this output. 45 Intel Desktop Board D945GCNL D945GCNL Technical Product Specification 2.7.2 Component-side Connectors and Headers Figure 9 shows the locations of the component-side connectors and headers. Figure 9. Component-side Connectors and Headers 46 Technical Reference Table 14 lists the component-side connectors and headers identified in Figure 9. Table 14. Component-side Connectors and Headers Shown in Figure 9 Item/callout from Figure 9 Description A Front panel audio header B PCI Conventional bus add-in card connector 2 C PCI Conventional bus add-in card connector 1 D PCI Express x1 bus add-in card connector E PCI Express x16 bus add-in card connector F Processor core power connector G Processor fan header H Rear chassis fan header I Chassis intrusion header J Main power connector K Diskette drive connector L Parallel ATA IDE connector M Front chassis fan header N Serial ATA connector 1 O Serial ATA connector 3 P Serial ATA connector 2 Q Front panel header R Serial ATA connector 0 S Front panel USB header T Front panel USB header U Auxiliary front panel power LED header 47 Intel Desktop Board D945GCNL D945GCNL Technical Product Specification Table 15. Front Panel Audio Header Pin Signal Name Pin Signal Name 1 Port E [Port 1] Left Channel 2 Ground 3 Port E [Port 1] Right Channel 4 Presence# (dongle present) 5 Port F [Port 2] Right Channel 6 Port E [Port 1] Sense return (jack detection) 7 Port E [Port 1] and Port F [Port 2] Sense send (jack detection) 8 Key 9 Port F [Port 2] Left Channel 10 Port F [Port 2] Sense return (jack detection) INTEGRATOR'S NOTE The front panel audio header is colored yellow. Table 16. Chassis Intrusion Header Pin Signal Name 1 Intruder 2 Ground Table 17. Serial ATA Connectors Pin Signal Name 1 Ground 2 TXP 3 TXN 4 Ground 5 RXN 6 RXP 7 Ground Table 18. Processor Fan Header Pin Signal Name 1 Ground 2 +12 V 3 FAN_TACH 4 FAN_CONTROL Table 19. Front and Rear Chassis Fan Headers Pin Signal Name 1 FAN_CONTROL 2 48 +12 V 3 FAN_TACH Technical Reference 2.7.2.1 Power Supply Connectors The board has power supply connectors: · · Main power ­ a 2 x 12 connector. This connector is compatible with 2 x 10 connectors previously used on Intel Desktop boards. The board supports the use of ATX12V ATX12V power supplies with either 2 x 10 or 2 x 12 main power cables. When using a power supply with a 2 x 10 main power cable, attach that cable on the rightmost pins of the main power connector, leaving pins 11, 12, 23, and 24 unconnected. Processor core power ­ a 2 x 2 connector. This connector provides power directly to the processor voltage regulator and must always be used. Failure to do so will prevent the board from booting. INTEGRATOR'S NOTE When using high wattage PCI Express x16 graphics cards, use a power supply with a 2 x 12 main power cable. The 2 x 12 main power cable can provide up to 144 W of power from the +12 V rail. Table 20. Main Power Connector Pin Signal Name Pin Signal Name 1 +3.3 V 13 +3.3 V 2 +3.3 V 14 -12 V 3 Ground 15 Ground 4 +5 V 16 PS-ON# (power supply remote on/off) 5 Ground 17 Ground 6 +5 V 18 Ground 7 Ground 19 Ground 8 PWRGD (Power Good) 20 No connect 9 +5 V (Standby) 21 +5 V 10 +12 V 22 +5 V 11 +12 V (Note) 23 +5 V (Note) 12 2 x 12 connector detect (Note) 24 Ground (Note) Note: When using a 2 x 10 power supply cable, this pin will be unconnected. Table 21. Processor Core Power Connector Pin Signal Name Pin Signal Name 1 Ground 2 Ground 3 +12 V 4 +12 V 49 Intel Desktop Board D945GCNL D945GCNL Technical Product Specification 2.7.2.2 Add-in Card Connectors The board has the following add-in card connectors: · · · One PCI Express x16 connector supporting simultaneous transfer speeds up to 4 GBytes/sec of peak bandwidth per direction and up to 8 GBytes/sec concurrent bandwidth. One PCI Express x1 connector. The x1 interface supports simultaneous transfer speeds up to 250 Mbytes/sec of peak bandwidth per direction and up to 500 MBytes/sec concurrent bandwidth. PCI Conventional (rev 2.3 compliant) bus: two PCI Conventional bus add-in card connectors. The SMBus is routed to all PCI Conventional bus connectors. PCI Conventional bus add-in cards with SMBus support can access sensor data and other information residing on the board. Note the following considerations for the PCI Conventional bus connectors: · · All of the PCI Conventional bus connectors are bus master capable. SMBus signals are routed to all PCI Conventional bus connectors. This enables PCI Conventional bus add-in boards with SMBus support to access sensor data on the boards. The specific SMBus signals are as follows: The SMBus clock line is connected to pin A40. The SMBus data line is connected to pin A41. NOTE The PCI Express x16 connector is configured to support only a PCI Express x1 link when the Intel GMA950 GMA950 graphics controller is enabled. 2.7.2.3 Auxiliary Front Panel Power/Sleep LED Header Pins 1 and 3 of this header duplicate the signals on pins 2 and 4 of the front panel header. Table 22. Auxiliary Front Panel Power/Sleep LED Header Pin In/Out Description 1 HDR_BLNK_GRN Out Front panel green LED 2 Not connected 3 50 Signal Name HDR_BLNK_YEL Out Front panel yellow LED Technical Reference 2.7.2.4 Front Panel Header This section describes the functions of the front panel header. Table 23 lists the signal names of the front panel header. Figure 10 is a connection diagram for the front panel header. Table 23. Front Panel Header In/ Pin Signal Out In/ Description Pin Signal Out Hard Drive Activity LED [Yellow] Description Power LED [Green] 1 HD_PWR Out Hard disk LED pull-up to +5 V 2 HDR_BLNK_ GRN Out Front panel green LED 3 HDA# Out Hard disk active LED 4 HDR_BLNK_ YEL Out Front panel yellow LED Reset Switch [Purple] 5 Ground 7 FP_RESET# On/Off Switch [Red] Ground In 6 FPBUT_IN Reset switch 8 Ground Power 9 +5 V In Power switch Ground Not Connected Power 10 N/C Not connected Figure 10. Connection Diagram for Front Panel Header 51 Intel Desktop Board D945GCNL D945GCNL Technical Product Specification 2.7.2.4.1 Hard Drive Activity LED Header [Yellow] Pins 1 and 3 [Yellow] can be connected to an LED to provide a visual indicator that data is being read from or written to a hard drive. Proper LED function requires one of the following: · · A Serial ATA hard drive connected to an onboard Serial ATA connector An IDE hard drive connected to an onboard IDE connector 2.7.2.4.2 Reset Switch Header [Purple] Pins 5 and 7 [Purple] can be connected to a momentary single pole, single throw (SPST) type switch that is normally open. When the switch is closed, the board resets and runs the POST. 2.7.2.4.3 Power/Sleep LED Header [Green] Pins 2 and 4 [Green] can be connected to a one- or two-color LED. Table 24 shows the possible states for a one-color LED. Table 25 shows the possible states for a twocolor LED. Table 24. States for a One-Color Power LED LED State Description Off Power off/sleeping Steady Green Running Table 25. States for a Two-Color Power LED LED State Description Off Power off Steady Green Running Steady Yellow Sleeping NOTE The colors listed in Table 24 and Table 25 are suggested colors only. Actual LED colors are product- or customer-specific. 2.7.2.4.4 Power Switch Header [Red] Pins 6 and 8 [Red] can be connected to a front panel momentary-contact power switch. The switch must pull the SW_ON# pin to ground for at least 50 ms to signal the power supply to switch on or off. (The time requirement is due to internal debounce circuitry on the board.) At least two seconds must pass before the power supply will recognize another on/off signal. 52 Technical Reference 2.7.2.5 Front Panel USB Headers Figure 11 is a connection diagram for the front panel USB headers. INTEGRATOR'S NOTES · · · · The +5 V DC power on the USB headers is fused. Pins 1, 3, 5, and 7 comprise one USB port. Pins 2, 4, 6, and 8 comprise one USB port. Use only a front panel USB connector that conforms to the USB 2.0 specification for high-speed USB devices. Figure 11. Connection Diagram for Front Panel USB Headers 53 Intel Desktop Board D945GCNL D945GCNL Technical Product Specification 2.8 Jumper Block CAUTION Do not move the jumper with the power on. Always turn off the power and unplug the power cord from the computer before changing a jumper setting. Otherwise, the board could be damaged. Figure 12 shows the location of the jumper block. The jumper block determines the BIOS Setup program's mode. Table 26 describes the jumper settings for the three modes: normal, configure, and recovery. When the jumper is set to configure mode and the computer is powered-up, the BIOS compares the processor version and the microcode version in the BIOS and reports if the two match. Figure 12. Location of the Jumper Block 54 Technical Reference Table 26. BIOS Setup Configuration Jumper Settings Function/Mode Jumper Setting Configuration 1-2 The BIOS uses current configuration information and passwords for booting. Normal 3 2 1 Configure After the POST runs, Setup runs automatically. The maintenance menu is displayed. 2-3 3 2 1 The BIOS attempts to recover the BIOS configuration. A recovery diskette is required. Recovery None 3 2 1 55 Intel Desktop Board D945GCNL D945GCNL Technical Product Specification 2.9 2.9.1 Mechanical Considerations Form Factor The board is designed to fit into an ATX- or microATX-form-factor chassis. Figure 13 illustrates the mechanical form factor of the board. Dimensions are given in inches [millimeters]. The outer dimensions are 9.60 inches by 9.60 inches [243.84 millimeters by 243.84 millimeters]. Location of the I/O connectors and mounting holes are in compliance with the ATX specification. Figure 13. Board Dimensions 56 Technical Reference 2.10 Electrical Considerations 2.10.1 Power Supply Considerations CAUTION The +5 V standby line from the power supply must be capable of providing adequate +5 V standby current. Failure to do so can damage the power supply. The total amount of standby current required depends on the wake devices supported and manufacturing options. Additional power required will depend on configurations chosen by the integrator. The power supply must comply with the indicated parameters of the ATX form factor specification. · The potential relation between 3.3 VDC and +5 VDC power rails · The current capability of the +5 VSB line · All timing parameters · All voltage tolerances For example, for a system consisting of a supported 65 W processor (see section 1.3 on page 15 for a list of supported processors), 1 GB DDR2 RAM, one hard disk drive, one optical drive, and all board peripherals enabled, the minimum recommended power supply is 300 W. Table 27 lists the recommended power supply current values. Table 27. Recommended Power Supply Current Values Output Voltage 3.3 V 5V 12 V1 12 V2 -12 V 5 VSB Current 15 A 15 A 10 A 10 A 0.3 A 3.0 A For information about Refer to Selecting an appropriate power supply /sb/CS-026472.htm 57 Intel Desktop Board D945GCNL D945GCNL Technical Product Specification 2.10.2 Fan Header Current Capability CAUTION The processor fan must be connected to the processor fan header, not to a chassis fan header. Connecting the processor fan to a chassis fan header may result in onboard component damage that will halt fan operation. Table 28 lists the current capability of the fan headers. Table 28. Fan Header Current Capability Fan Header Maximum Available Current Processor fan 2.0 A Front chassis fan 1.5 A Rear chassis fan 1.5 A 2.10.3 Add-in Board Considerations The board is designed to provide 2 A (average) of +5 V current for each add-in board. The total +5 V current draw for add-in boards for a fully loaded board (all three expansion slots filled) must not exceed 6 A. 58 Technical Reference 2.11 Thermal Considerations CAUTION A chassis with a maximum internal ambient temperature of 38 oC at the processor fan inlet is a requirement. Use a processor heatsink that provides omni-directional airflow to maintain required airflow across the processor voltage regulator area. CAUTION Failure to ensure appropriate airflow may result in reduced performance of both the processor and/or voltage regulator or, in some instances, damage to the board. For a list of chassis that have been tested with Intel desktop boards please refer to the following website: All responsibility for determining the adequacy of any thermal or system design remains solely with the reader. Intel makes no warranties or representations that merely following the instructions presented in this document will result in a system with adequate thermal performance. CAUTION Ensure that the ambient temperature does not exceed the board's maximum operating temperature. Failure to do so could cause components to exceed their maximum case temperature and malfunction. For information about the maximum operating temperature, see the environmental specifications in Section 2.13. CAUTION Ensure that proper airflow is maintained in the processor voltage regulator circuit. Failure to do so may result in damage to the voltage regulator circuit. The processor voltage regulator area (item A in Figure 14) can reach a temperature of up to 85 oC in an open chassis. 59 Intel Desktop Board D945GCNL D945GCNL Technical Product Specification Figure 14 shows the locations of the localized high temperature zones. Item A B C D Description Processor voltage regulator area Processor Intel 82945GC 82945GC GMCH Intel 82801GB 82801GB ICH7 Figure 14. Localized High Temperature Zones Table 29 provides maximum case temperatures for the components that are sensitive to thermal changes. The operating temperature, current load, or operating frequency could affect case temperatures. Maximum case temperatures are important when considering proper airflow to cool the board. Table 29. Thermal Considerations for Components Component Processor Maximum Case Temperature For processor case temperature, see processor datasheets and processor specification updates Intel 82945GC 82945GC GMCH Intel 82801GB 82801GB ICH7 99 oC (under bias) 110 oC (under bias, without heatsink) 99 oC (under bias, with heatsink) For information about 60 Refer to Processor datasheets and specification updates Section 1.2, page 15 Technical Reference 2.12 Reliability The Mean Time Between Failures (MTBF) prediction is calculated using component and subassembly random failure rates. The calculation is based on the Bellcore Reliability Prediction Procedure, TR-NWT-000332 TR-NWT-000332, Issue 4, September 1991. The MTBF prediction is used to estimate repair rates and spare parts requirements. The MTBF data is calculated from predicted data at 55 ºC. The MTBF for the D945GCNL D945GCNL board is 162,484 hours. 2.13 Environmental Table 30 lists the environmental specifications for the board. Table 30. Environmental Specifications Parameter Specification Temperature Non-Operating -40 °C to +70 °C Operating 0 °C to +55 °C Shock Unpackaged 50 g trapezoidal waveform Velocity change of 170 inches/second² Packaged Half sine 2 millisecond Product Weight (pounds) Free Fall (inches) Velocity Change (inches/sec²)